Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring ...Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring in northern Vietnam(Yang et al.,2022).The dried fruit of A.tsaoko is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal disorders,vomiting,and malaria(Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission,2025).展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-infectious efficacy of essential oil extracted from Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko).METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) against clinical isolates of three extracts andthe essential ...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-infectious efficacy of essential oil extracted from Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko).METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) against clinical isolates of three extracts andthe essential oil from Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) were determined by the agar dilution method. The anti-infectious efficacy of the essential oil was evaluated using a mouse peritonitis model which was infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli. The chemical components of the essential oil were identified.RESULTS: The results showed that the essential oil exhibited strong antibacterial activity in vitro, with MICs ranging from 22.49 to 1438.91 μg/m L. The results of in vivo anti-infectious efficacy showed that the Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) essential oil can protect the mice from Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli infection. The compositions of the essential oil and relative component percentages were examined. A total of 32 compounds, were identified. The major compounds of essential oil were 1,8-cineole(25.92%) and geraniol(13.69%).CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) essential oil has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. It warrants further investigation as an antibacterial agent targeting some bacterium with multi-drug resistance.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 popul...Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 populations were selected randomly from the three floristic zones of Yunnan. Adult plants and infructescences were chosen randomly to gain flower number and fructification percentage per inflorescence, and seed number per fruit. All date was analyzed by SPSS (13.0 version). Results: As A. tsaoko was distributed (or transplanted) from a habitat at lower latitude and/or altitude to a site of higher latitude and/or altitude, the flower number per inflorescence increased, on the contrary, the fructification percentage per inflorescence decreased. The competition for reproductive resource was beneficial to increase flower number and seed production. Conclusions: The habitats in south of the tropic of cancer were favorable to the reproduction of A. tsaoko, which reproductive costs were lower and harvest was higher. Increasing flower number per inflorescence may be a strategy to promote the plant to distribute into alpine habitats for both female and male reproductive success.展开更多
In this study, the quadrat method was used to study the effects of tsaoko （Fructus tsaoko） plantation on tree diversity and canopy structure of two natural habitats of eastern hoolock gibbon （Hoolock leuconedys）：...In this study, the quadrat method was used to study the effects of tsaoko （Fructus tsaoko） plantation on tree diversity and canopy structure of two natural habitats of eastern hoolock gibbon （Hoolock leuconedys）： Nankang （characterized by extensive tsaoko plantation） and Banchang （relatively well reserved and without tsaoko plantation）. Totally, 102 tree species from 25 families and 16 woody liana species from 10 families were recorded in Nankang, whereas 108 tree species from 30 families and 17 woody liana species from 12 families were recorded in Banchang. Although the tree species between two habitats is different, both habitats are characterized by enriched food resources for eastern hoolock gibbons, sharing similar dominant plant families. Due to tsaoko plantation, tree density proportion and diversity of forest layer I （〉20 m） in Nankang were both significantly decreased, but the tree density of layerH （10-20 m） increased. Likewise, in conjunction with these behavioral observations, we also address potential impacts of tsaoko plantation on the behavior of eastern hoolock gibbon.展开更多
This study determined the phytochemical composition and bioactivity(antioxidant and hypoglycemic)in five fractions(petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water fractions)obtained from ethanol extract o...This study determined the phytochemical composition and bioactivity(antioxidant and hypoglycemic)in five fractions(petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water fractions)obtained from ethanol extract of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire(A.tsaoko).Qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds were carried out with UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS.50 bioactive compounds were identified from five different fractions,including 11 phenolic acids and derivatives,18 flavonoids and derivatives,14 proanthocyanidins,2 organic acids,and 5 other compounds.It was found that ethyl acetate fraction(EF)was enriched with the most types and contents of substances.Flavonoids and derivatives(including epicatechin and catechin)were the primary phenolic compounds in EF.In addition,EF demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity(DPPH and ABTS with IC_(50)=0.17 and 0.07 mg/mL,FRAP of 546.10 mg VCE/g DW)and anti-α-glucosidase activity(IC_(50)=20.14μg/mL).EF could ameliorate fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance of diabetic mice.In conclusion,EF could be developed as a potential candidate for preventing or treating oxidative stress diseases and diabetes.展开更多
Lanxangia tsaoko is widely utilized in human cuisine as a popular flavoring agent due to its distinctive aroma.It also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine.The edible and medicinal properties of L...Lanxangia tsaoko is widely utilized in human cuisine as a popular flavoring agent due to its distinctive aroma.It also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine.The edible and medicinal properties of L.tsaoko are primarily attributed to its diverse array of volatile metabolites.Previous research has mainly focused on classifying the constituents and their pharmacological activities in L.tsaoko,leaving gaps in comprehensive identification and elucidation of the biosynthetic mechanisms of these metabolites.In this study,we employed a multi-omics approach and functional characterization to investigate the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L.tsaoko.The results demonstrated that terpenoids constituted the highest proportion of volatile compounds in L.tsaoko.Additionally,42 terpene synthase(TPS)coding genes were identified through genome-wide analysis.Functional characterization revealed that eight LtTPSs effectively catalyzed geranyl pyrophosphate to produce monoterpenoids,while four LtTPSs converted farnesyl pyrophosphate to generate sesquiterpenoids.Genome-wide and single-gene duplication events contributed to functional diversification among LtTPSs with high identity,promoting the diversity of terpenoids.These findings provide a foundation for understanding the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L.tsaoko,enhance the current knowledge of TPS,and contribute to the broader understanding of the biochemical diversity of terpenoids in plants.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFF1306700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260739)+2 种基金the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department-Applied Basic Research Joint Special Funds of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine(202101AZ070001-005,202101AZ070001-166)the Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Young Talent”Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-278)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB1230000).
文摘Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring in northern Vietnam(Yang et al.,2022).The dried fruit of A.tsaoko is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal disorders,vomiting,and malaria(Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission,2025).
基金Supported by the Fund of Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(Molecular Mechanism of Caoguo Oil Reversing Multi-Drug Resistance of MRSA by Regulating Mec A Gene Expression Through Mecr1-Meci-Meca Resistance Pathway,No.2016JY0014Study on Pharmacodynamics and Mechanism of Caoguo in Treatment of Infectious Diseases,No.2016FZ0068)+3 种基金Sichuan Province Office of Education(Bacterial Infection and Laboratory Diagnosis,No.16TD0027Research on the Antibacteria Mechanism of Geraniol,No.15ZB0238)the Open-Study Funds of State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research,Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(the Activity and Mechanism of Caoguo Oil Reversing Multi-Drug Resistance of MRSA)the Scientific Research Fund of Chengdu Medical College(the Study on the Synergistic Effect and the Mechanism of Geraniol andβ-lactam Antibiotics against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus,No.CYZ15-02)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-infectious efficacy of essential oil extracted from Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko).METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) against clinical isolates of three extracts andthe essential oil from Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) were determined by the agar dilution method. The anti-infectious efficacy of the essential oil was evaluated using a mouse peritonitis model which was infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli. The chemical components of the essential oil were identified.RESULTS: The results showed that the essential oil exhibited strong antibacterial activity in vitro, with MICs ranging from 22.49 to 1438.91 μg/m L. The results of in vivo anti-infectious efficacy showed that the Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) essential oil can protect the mice from Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli infection. The compositions of the essential oil and relative component percentages were examined. A total of 32 compounds, were identified. The major compounds of essential oil were 1,8-cineole(25.92%) and geraniol(13.69%).CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Caoguo(Fructus Tsaoko) essential oil has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. It warrants further investigation as an antibacterial agent targeting some bacterium with multi-drug resistance.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 populations were selected randomly from the three floristic zones of Yunnan. Adult plants and infructescences were chosen randomly to gain flower number and fructification percentage per inflorescence, and seed number per fruit. All date was analyzed by SPSS (13.0 version). Results: As A. tsaoko was distributed (or transplanted) from a habitat at lower latitude and/or altitude to a site of higher latitude and/or altitude, the flower number per inflorescence increased, on the contrary, the fructification percentage per inflorescence decreased. The competition for reproductive resource was beneficial to increase flower number and seed production. Conclusions: The habitats in south of the tropic of cancer were favorable to the reproduction of A. tsaoko, which reproductive costs were lower and harvest was higher. Increasing flower number per inflorescence may be a strategy to promote the plant to distribute into alpine habitats for both female and male reproductive success.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31160424)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(20110426)Science Foundation Project of Mt.Gaoligong National Natural Reserve(201215)
文摘In this study, the quadrat method was used to study the effects of tsaoko （Fructus tsaoko） plantation on tree diversity and canopy structure of two natural habitats of eastern hoolock gibbon （Hoolock leuconedys）： Nankang （characterized by extensive tsaoko plantation） and Banchang （relatively well reserved and without tsaoko plantation）. Totally, 102 tree species from 25 families and 16 woody liana species from 10 families were recorded in Nankang, whereas 108 tree species from 30 families and 17 woody liana species from 12 families were recorded in Banchang. Although the tree species between two habitats is different, both habitats are characterized by enriched food resources for eastern hoolock gibbons, sharing similar dominant plant families. Due to tsaoko plantation, tree density proportion and diversity of forest layer I （〉20 m） in Nankang were both significantly decreased, but the tree density of layerH （10-20 m） increased. Likewise, in conjunction with these behavioral observations, we also address potential impacts of tsaoko plantation on the behavior of eastern hoolock gibbon.
基金The work was supported by Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China(KFKT201901)Jiangxi Province Central Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(20221ZDD02001 and 20212ZDD02008).
文摘This study determined the phytochemical composition and bioactivity(antioxidant and hypoglycemic)in five fractions(petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water fractions)obtained from ethanol extract of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire(A.tsaoko).Qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds were carried out with UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS.50 bioactive compounds were identified from five different fractions,including 11 phenolic acids and derivatives,18 flavonoids and derivatives,14 proanthocyanidins,2 organic acids,and 5 other compounds.It was found that ethyl acetate fraction(EF)was enriched with the most types and contents of substances.Flavonoids and derivatives(including epicatechin and catechin)were the primary phenolic compounds in EF.In addition,EF demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity(DPPH and ABTS with IC_(50)=0.17 and 0.07 mg/mL,FRAP of 546.10 mg VCE/g DW)and anti-α-glucosidase activity(IC_(50)=20.14μg/mL).EF could ameliorate fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance of diabetic mice.In conclusion,EF could be developed as a potential candidate for preventing or treating oxidative stress diseases and diabetes.
文摘目的 探究不同干燥方式对草果理化特征及其挥发性香气成分的影响。方法 以怒江州境内草果鲜果为原料,采用怒江州常用的6种干燥方式对其进行干燥加工,对草果干果的色泽及挥发油含量等理化指标进行检测,并使用气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对其挥发性香气成分进行分析。结果 不同干燥方式干燥所得草果色差值、挥发油含量具有明显差异,空气能热泵干燥及高效电能干燥所得草果L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)较高,提示其草果色泽明亮棕红、品质高。挥发油含量为(1.04±0.07)~(1.29±0.07) m L/100g,其中自然晒干干燥、空气能热泵干燥、高效电能干燥挥发油含量相对较高。不同干燥方式干燥所得草果的挥发性香气物质组成既有共性也有差异性,共有物质有19种,绝大部分共有物质的相对含量差异显著。主要挥发性香气成分(相对含量大于等于3%)物质有13种,共有成分有桉叶油醇、反式-橙花叔醇、对正丙基苯甲醛、(Z)-柠檬醛4种,其相对含量具有较大差异性。草果挥发性香气成分中醛类和醇类相对含量为82.75%~95.69%,生物质热风干燥所得草果醛类相对含量最高,其他干燥方式醇类最高。结论 不同的干燥方式对草果理化特征及香气的影响较大,草果色泽存在差异,草果香气风味差异显著。
基金funded by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2023E002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ16-YQ-047).
文摘Lanxangia tsaoko is widely utilized in human cuisine as a popular flavoring agent due to its distinctive aroma.It also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine.The edible and medicinal properties of L.tsaoko are primarily attributed to its diverse array of volatile metabolites.Previous research has mainly focused on classifying the constituents and their pharmacological activities in L.tsaoko,leaving gaps in comprehensive identification and elucidation of the biosynthetic mechanisms of these metabolites.In this study,we employed a multi-omics approach and functional characterization to investigate the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L.tsaoko.The results demonstrated that terpenoids constituted the highest proportion of volatile compounds in L.tsaoko.Additionally,42 terpene synthase(TPS)coding genes were identified through genome-wide analysis.Functional characterization revealed that eight LtTPSs effectively catalyzed geranyl pyrophosphate to produce monoterpenoids,while four LtTPSs converted farnesyl pyrophosphate to generate sesquiterpenoids.Genome-wide and single-gene duplication events contributed to functional diversification among LtTPSs with high identity,promoting the diversity of terpenoids.These findings provide a foundation for understanding the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids in L.tsaoko,enhance the current knowledge of TPS,and contribute to the broader understanding of the biochemical diversity of terpenoids in plants.
