转运RNA(transfer RNA,tRNA)衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNA,tsRNA)是一类新近发现的重要的非编码RNA分子。最近的研究表明,tsRNA在胃癌、结直肠癌等胃肠道肿瘤中表达水平发生显著变化。这种疾病相关的表达特征,使tsRNA有望成为这...转运RNA(transfer RNA,tRNA)衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNA,tsRNA)是一类新近发现的重要的非编码RNA分子。最近的研究表明,tsRNA在胃癌、结直肠癌等胃肠道肿瘤中表达水平发生显著变化。这种疾病相关的表达特征,使tsRNA有望成为这些疾病诊断和治疗的新型生物标志物。本文综述了tsRNA的来源、分类及其生物学功能,同时探讨tsRNA在胃癌、结直肠癌中的表达变化特点,为这些疾病的诊断和治疗提供了新思路。展开更多
As the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in transfer RNAs(tRNAs),methylation dynamically and reversibly regulates the biosynthesis and maturation of tRNAs,exerting direct impacts on the abundance and fu...As the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in transfer RNAs(tRNAs),methylation dynamically and reversibly regulates the biosynthesis and maturation of tRNAs,exerting direct impacts on the abundance and functions of tRNAs responsible for the accurate translation of messenger RNAs(mRNAs).Consequently,aberrant tRNA methylation can potentially lead to the production of abnormally expressed proteins and the dysregulation of cellular homeostasis,underscoring the significance of tRNA methylation in tumorigenesis.Recent research has highlighted the aberrant expression of its catalytic regulators and proposed mechanisms through which tRNA methylation directly or indirectly influences tumor biological characteristics.This review provides a comprehensive summary of current research on tRNA methylation and its role in cellular function,aiming to deepen our understanding of the biological significance of tRNA methylation in tumorigenesis and to explore the potential of targeting tRNA methylation and tRNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)for cancer therapy.展开更多
越来越多的证据表明,上一代在环境压力下产生的某些获得性性状可以"记忆"在配子中,并以一种不依赖DNA序列的方式传递给下一代,这种现象被称为获得性遗传。然而,关于精子中介导获得性遗传现象的分子机制尚不清楚。近年来,随着...越来越多的证据表明,上一代在环境压力下产生的某些获得性性状可以"记忆"在配子中,并以一种不依赖DNA序列的方式传递给下一代,这种现象被称为获得性遗传。然而,关于精子中介导获得性遗传现象的分子机制尚不清楚。近年来,随着精子RNA领域的发展,我们实验室率先发现精子中一类来源于成熟tRNA的小RNA (tRNA-derived small RNAs, tsRNAs)及其RNA修饰可以作为一种新型的表观遗传信息载体,介导父代获得性代谢紊乱性状向子代传递。此外,我们进一步发现了调控精子RNA介导获得性遗传的关键分子——tRNA甲基转移酶DNMT2,从RNA修饰及修饰酶的角度为获得性遗传的机制研究打开了新思路。鉴于该领域的迅速发展,该文拟从精子tsRNAs、RNA修饰以及DNMT2的角度综述近年来精子RNA及RNA修饰介导的获得性遗传机制的研究进展。展开更多
为了解拟南芥中Dicer-like蛋白对tRNA衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNAs,tsRNAs)的产生有何影响,对拟南芥野生型和不同Dicer-like(DCL)基因突变体进行tRNA-seq测序,并分析tsRNA和tRNA的表达量.结果显示,DCL4基因突变后tsRNA的表达量...为了解拟南芥中Dicer-like蛋白对tRNA衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNAs,tsRNAs)的产生有何影响,对拟南芥野生型和不同Dicer-like(DCL)基因突变体进行tRNA-seq测序,并分析tsRNA和tRNA的表达量.结果显示,DCL4基因突变后tsRNA的表达量明显降低,说明DCL4可能参与tsRNA的产生.拟南芥tRC1位点(Chr1:21268000-21310000)具有大量串联分布的tRNA序列,通过对RNA介导的甲基化(RdDM)途径相关基因CLSY1突变体中tRC1位点的24 nt siRNA和tsRNA进行分析,推断tRC1位点的tsRNA受RdDM途径负调控.综上,本研究鉴定到DCL4在tsRNA生成中的潜在作用,部分tsRNA的生成与RdDM途径有关.展开更多
目的分析近10年转运RNA源性小分子RNA(tsRNA)国内外研究热点及趋势。方法以2014年1月1日至2024年12月31日为时间段,tsRNA为关键词检索知网、万方、维普数据库及Web of Science数据库,采用CiteSpace及VOSviver软件进行可视化分析。结果ts...目的分析近10年转运RNA源性小分子RNA(tsRNA)国内外研究热点及趋势。方法以2014年1月1日至2024年12月31日为时间段,tsRNA为关键词检索知网、万方、维普数据库及Web of Science数据库,采用CiteSpace及VOSviver软件进行可视化分析。结果tsRNA发文量整体呈递增趋势,大部分文章都有基金资助,发文所属机构为中文75个,英文136个,中英文发文量最多的作者是张云芳和Chen Qi,最多的国家是中国,发文作者间存在合作关系,关键词热度最高的是精子、细胞增殖(cell proliferation)等。结论国内外对tsRNA的研究仍处于初步探索阶段,具体生物学机制和不同疾病中的作用仍需要进一步深入探究,未来的研究趋势可能是tsRNA在细胞组织间调控的生物学功能及疾病预后和治疗关系等方面。展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors.As a newly discovered type of non-coding RNAs,transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)play a dual biological role in cancer.Our previous studies...Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors.As a newly discovered type of non-coding RNAs,transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)play a dual biological role in cancer.Our previous studies have demonstrated the potential of tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for GC.In this work,we confirmed for the first time that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD can promote the proliferation,migration,and invasion of GC cells in vitro.The dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD could bind to the 3'untranslated region(UTR)site of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase short/branched chain(ACADSB).In addition,ACADSB could rescue the effect of tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD on GC cells.Next,we used Gene Ontology(GO),the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)to find that downregulated ACADSB in GC may promote lipid accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid catabolism and ferroptosis.Finally,we verified the correlation between ACADSB and 12 ferroptosis genes at the transcriptional level,as well as the changes in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by flow cytometry.In summary,this study proposes that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD may affect GC lipid metabolism and ferroptosis by targeting ACADSB,thereby promoting GC progression.It provides a theoretical basis for the diagnostic and prognostic monitoring value of GC and opens upnew possibilities for treatment.展开更多
文摘转运RNA(transfer RNA,tRNA)衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNA,tsRNA)是一类新近发现的重要的非编码RNA分子。最近的研究表明,tsRNA在胃癌、结直肠癌等胃肠道肿瘤中表达水平发生显著变化。这种疾病相关的表达特征,使tsRNA有望成为这些疾病诊断和治疗的新型生物标志物。本文综述了tsRNA的来源、分类及其生物学功能,同时探讨tsRNA在胃癌、结直肠癌中的表达变化特点,为这些疾病的诊断和治疗提供了新思路。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273174 and 82072374)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2023DK2001,2023SK2004,and 2023ZK1122).
文摘As the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in transfer RNAs(tRNAs),methylation dynamically and reversibly regulates the biosynthesis and maturation of tRNAs,exerting direct impacts on the abundance and functions of tRNAs responsible for the accurate translation of messenger RNAs(mRNAs).Consequently,aberrant tRNA methylation can potentially lead to the production of abnormally expressed proteins and the dysregulation of cellular homeostasis,underscoring the significance of tRNA methylation in tumorigenesis.Recent research has highlighted the aberrant expression of its catalytic regulators and proposed mechanisms through which tRNA methylation directly or indirectly influences tumor biological characteristics.This review provides a comprehensive summary of current research on tRNA methylation and its role in cellular function,aiming to deepen our understanding of the biological significance of tRNA methylation in tumorigenesis and to explore the potential of targeting tRNA methylation and tRNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)for cancer therapy.
文摘越来越多的证据表明,上一代在环境压力下产生的某些获得性性状可以"记忆"在配子中,并以一种不依赖DNA序列的方式传递给下一代,这种现象被称为获得性遗传。然而,关于精子中介导获得性遗传现象的分子机制尚不清楚。近年来,随着精子RNA领域的发展,我们实验室率先发现精子中一类来源于成熟tRNA的小RNA (tRNA-derived small RNAs, tsRNAs)及其RNA修饰可以作为一种新型的表观遗传信息载体,介导父代获得性代谢紊乱性状向子代传递。此外,我们进一步发现了调控精子RNA介导获得性遗传的关键分子——tRNA甲基转移酶DNMT2,从RNA修饰及修饰酶的角度为获得性遗传的机制研究打开了新思路。鉴于该领域的迅速发展,该文拟从精子tsRNAs、RNA修饰以及DNMT2的角度综述近年来精子RNA及RNA修饰介导的获得性遗传机制的研究进展。
文摘为了解拟南芥中Dicer-like蛋白对tRNA衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derived small RNAs,tsRNAs)的产生有何影响,对拟南芥野生型和不同Dicer-like(DCL)基因突变体进行tRNA-seq测序,并分析tsRNA和tRNA的表达量.结果显示,DCL4基因突变后tsRNA的表达量明显降低,说明DCL4可能参与tsRNA的产生.拟南芥tRC1位点(Chr1:21268000-21310000)具有大量串联分布的tRNA序列,通过对RNA介导的甲基化(RdDM)途径相关基因CLSY1突变体中tRC1位点的24 nt siRNA和tsRNA进行分析,推断tRC1位点的tsRNA受RdDM途径负调控.综上,本研究鉴定到DCL4在tsRNA生成中的潜在作用,部分tsRNA的生成与RdDM途径有关.
文摘目的分析近10年转运RNA源性小分子RNA(tsRNA)国内外研究热点及趋势。方法以2014年1月1日至2024年12月31日为时间段,tsRNA为关键词检索知网、万方、维普数据库及Web of Science数据库,采用CiteSpace及VOSviver软件进行可视化分析。结果tsRNA发文量整体呈递增趋势,大部分文章都有基金资助,发文所属机构为中文75个,英文136个,中英文发文量最多的作者是张云芳和Chen Qi,最多的国家是中国,发文作者间存在合作关系,关键词热度最高的是精子、细胞增殖(cell proliferation)等。结论国内外对tsRNA的研究仍处于初步探索阶段,具体生物学机制和不同疾病中的作用仍需要进一步深入探究,未来的研究趋势可能是tsRNA在细胞组织间调控的生物学功能及疾病预后和治疗关系等方面。
基金was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82272411 and 82072363)the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline(Laboratory)(No.ZDXK202240)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2023741),China。
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors.As a newly discovered type of non-coding RNAs,transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)play a dual biological role in cancer.Our previous studies have demonstrated the potential of tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for GC.In this work,we confirmed for the first time that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD can promote the proliferation,migration,and invasion of GC cells in vitro.The dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD could bind to the 3'untranslated region(UTR)site of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase short/branched chain(ACADSB).In addition,ACADSB could rescue the effect of tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD on GC cells.Next,we used Gene Ontology(GO),the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)to find that downregulated ACADSB in GC may promote lipid accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid catabolism and ferroptosis.Finally,we verified the correlation between ACADSB and 12 ferroptosis genes at the transcriptional level,as well as the changes in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by flow cytometry.In summary,this study proposes that tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD may affect GC lipid metabolism and ferroptosis by targeting ACADSB,thereby promoting GC progression.It provides a theoretical basis for the diagnostic and prognostic monitoring value of GC and opens upnew possibilities for treatment.
