The full-bridge converters usually use transformer leakage inductance and parallel resonant capacitors to achieve smooth current commutation and soft switching functions,which can easily cause problems such as energy ...The full-bridge converters usually use transformer leakage inductance and parallel resonant capacitors to achieve smooth current commutation and soft switching functions,which can easily cause problems such as energy leakage and significant duty cycle loss.This paper designs a novel full-bridge zero-current(FB-ZCS)converter with series resonant capacitors and proposes a frequency and phase-shift synthesis modulation(FPSSM)control strategy based on this topology.Compared with the traditional parallel resonant capacitor circuit,the passive components used are significantly reduced,the structure is simple,and there is only a slight energy loss.By controlling the charging time of the capacitor,it can be achieved without additional switches or auxiliary circuits.The automatic control of capacitor energy based on input current addresses the low efficiency of the traditional control strategies.This paper introduces its principle in detail and verifies it through simulation.Finally,an experimental prototype was built further to demonstrate the feasibility of the theory through experiments.The module can be applied to a photovoltaic DC collection system using input parallel output series(IPOS)cascade to provide a new topology for large-scale,long-distance DC transmission.展开更多
A tunable frequency-multiplying optoelectronic oscillator(OEO) based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed system, the tunable fundamental microw...A tunable frequency-multiplying optoelectronic oscillator(OEO) based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed system, the tunable fundamental microware signal is generated by a tunable optoelectronic oscillator incorporating a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating(PS-FBG). By adjusting the DC bias of the DPMZM, the frequency-doubled microwave signal with a tunable frequency range from 11 GHz to 20 GHz and the frequency-quadrupled microwave signal with a tunable frequency range from 22.5 GHz to 26 GHz are generated. The phase noises of the fundamental, frequency-doubled and frequency-quadrupled signals at 10 k Hz offset frequency are-105.9 d Bc/Hz,-103.3 d Bc/Hz and-86.2 d Bc/Hz, respectively.展开更多
This paper proposes a scheme of axial triple-well optical dipole trap by employing a simple optical system composed of a circular cosine grating and a lens. Three optical wells separated averagely by -37 μm were crea...This paper proposes a scheme of axial triple-well optical dipole trap by employing a simple optical system composed of a circular cosine grating and a lens. Three optical wells separated averagely by -37 μm were created when illuminating by a YAG laser with power 1 mW. These wells with average trapping depth -0.5 μK and volume -74 μm^3 are suitable to trap and manipulate an atomic Bose-Einstein condensation （BEC）. Due to a controllable grating implemented by a spatial light modulator, an evolution between a triple-well trap and a single-well one is achievable by adjusting the height of potential barrier between adjacent wells. Based on this novel triple-well potentials, the loading and splitting of BEC, as well as the interference between three freely expanding BECs, are also numerically stimulated within the framework of mean-field treatment. By fitting three cosine functions with three Gaussian envelopes to interference fringe, the information of relative phases among three condensates is extracted.展开更多
为了解决无人机航拍图片玉米植株中心检测所面临的诸多挑战,包括植株遮挡、形态多样、光照变化以及视觉混淆等问题,提升检测精度和模型的鲁棒性,开发了一种基于YOLO-TSCAS(YOLO with triplet-attention,saliencyadaptive,and centroid a...为了解决无人机航拍图片玉米植株中心检测所面临的诸多挑战,包括植株遮挡、形态多样、光照变化以及视觉混淆等问题,提升检测精度和模型的鲁棒性,开发了一种基于YOLO-TSCAS(YOLO with triplet-attention,saliencyadaptive,and centroid awareness for scenes)模型的玉米植株中心检测算法。该算法通过三重注意力模块、显著性裁剪混合数据增强方法、自适应池化技术和选择性多单元激活函数等技术手段,有效提高了检测精度和鲁棒性。采用三重注意力模块解决目标遮挡和视觉混淆问题,使模型能够更好地关注植株中心区域。采用显著性裁剪混合数据增强方法,在训练过程中引入不同的环境和光照变化,增强了模型对复杂场景的适应能力。结合自适应池化技术提高空间分辨率,有助于捕捉更精细的特征信息,提高检测的准确性。采用选择性多单元激活函数进一步增强了网络的学习能力,使模型能够更好地适应各种场景下的植株中心检测任务。实验结果表明,与现有的YOLOX算法相比,YOLO-TSCAS算法在平均准确率和平均F1值上分别提高了22.73个百分点和0.255,并且平均对数漏检率也显著降低了0.35。与其他流行的检测模型相比,在两类植株中心目标检测精度上也取得了最佳效果。展开更多
The activation of the N≡N triple bond in N_(2) is a fascinating topic in nitrogen chemistry.The transition metals have been demonstrated to effectively modulate the reactivity of N_(2) molecules under high pressure,l...The activation of the N≡N triple bond in N_(2) is a fascinating topic in nitrogen chemistry.The transition metals have been demonstrated to effectively modulate the reactivity of N_(2) molecules under high pressure,leading to nitrogen-rich compounds.However,their use often results in a significant reduction in energy density.In this work,we propose a series of low-enthalpy nitrogen-rich phases in CN_(x)(x=3,...,7)compounds using a first-principles crystal structure search method.The results of calculations reveal that all these CN compounds are assembled from both CN_(4) tetrahedra and N_(x)(x=1,2,or 5)species.Strikingly,we find that the CN_(4) tetrahedron can effectively activate the N≡N bond through weakening of the π orbital of N_(2) under a pressure of 40 GPa,leading to stable CN polynitrides.The robust structural framework of CN polynitrides containing C-N and N-N bonds plays a crucial role in enhancing their structural stability,energy density,and hardness.Among these polynitrides,CN_(6) possesses not only a very high mass density of 3.19 g/cm^(3),but also an ultrahigh energy density of 28.94 kJ/cm^(3),which represents a significant advance in the development of energetic materials using high-pressure methods.This work provides new insights into the mechanism of N_(2) activation under high pressure,and offers a promising pathway to realize high-performance energetic materials.展开更多
An accurate and fast three-step self-calibrating generalized phase-shifting interferomertry(SGPSI) is proposed. In this approach, two new phase-shifting signals are constructed by the difference interferograms normali...An accurate and fast three-step self-calibrating generalized phase-shifting interferomertry(SGPSI) is proposed. In this approach, two new phase-shifting signals are constructed by the difference interferograms normalization and noise suppressing, then the unknown phase shift between the two difference phase-shifting signals is estimated quickly through searching the minimum coefficient of variation of the modulation amplitude, a limited number of pixels are selected to participate in the search process to further save time, and finally the phase is reconstructed through the searched phase shift. Through the reconstruction of phase map by the simulation and experiment, and the comparison with several mature algorithms, the good performance of the proposed algorithm is proved, and it eliminates the limitation of requiring more than three phase-shifting interferograms for high-precision SGPSI. We expect this method to be widely used in the future.展开更多
An approach to generate high-speed and wideband frequency shift keying(FSK)signals based on carrier phase-shifted double sideband(CPS-DSB)modulation is proposed and experimentally validated.The core part of the scheme...An approach to generate high-speed and wideband frequency shift keying(FSK)signals based on carrier phase-shifted double sideband(CPS-DSB)modulation is proposed and experimentally validated.The core part of the scheme is a pair of cascaded polarization-sensitive LiNbO_(3) Mach–Zehnder modulators and phase modulators,whose polarization directions of the principal axes are mutually orthogonal to each other.A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out,where a 0.5 Gb/s FSK signal with the carrier frequencies of 4 and 8 GHz and a 1 Gb/s FSK signal with the carrier frequencies of 8 and 16 GHz are generated successfully.展开更多
为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块...为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块,光控真空断路器模块主要由外绝缘部件、真空灭弧室、均压电容、永磁操动机构及其控制器和操动电源等部分组成,在低电位通过光纤控制技术对工作于高电位的永磁操动机构进行控制。对三断口真空断路器和单断口真空断路器模块分别施加雷电冲击电压,结果显示三断口真空断路器相对单断口真空断路器的击穿电压增益倍数为1.59;在并联不同均压电容和人为制造三断口不同步分断情况下研究三断口真空断路器暂态电压分布特性,发现低分散性操动机构和均压电容的应用可以有效提高其开断能力。三断口真空断路器在额定电压下成功开断40 k A短路电流,在不同试验方式下完成重合闸操作,并已顺利通过挂网试运行。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Key R&D Program of Tianjin(No.20YFYSGX00060).
文摘The full-bridge converters usually use transformer leakage inductance and parallel resonant capacitors to achieve smooth current commutation and soft switching functions,which can easily cause problems such as energy leakage and significant duty cycle loss.This paper designs a novel full-bridge zero-current(FB-ZCS)converter with series resonant capacitors and proposes a frequency and phase-shift synthesis modulation(FPSSM)control strategy based on this topology.Compared with the traditional parallel resonant capacitor circuit,the passive components used are significantly reduced,the structure is simple,and there is only a slight energy loss.By controlling the charging time of the capacitor,it can be achieved without additional switches or auxiliary circuits.The automatic control of capacitor energy based on input current addresses the low efficiency of the traditional control strategies.This paper introduces its principle in detail and verifies it through simulation.Finally,an experimental prototype was built further to demonstrate the feasibility of the theory through experiments.The module can be applied to a photovoltaic DC collection system using input parallel output series(IPOS)cascade to provide a new topology for large-scale,long-distance DC transmission.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2018YFB1801003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.61525501 and 61827817)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.4192022)the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (No.J17KA089)。
文摘A tunable frequency-multiplying optoelectronic oscillator(OEO) based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed system, the tunable fundamental microware signal is generated by a tunable optoelectronic oscillator incorporating a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating(PS-FBG). By adjusting the DC bias of the DPMZM, the frequency-doubled microwave signal with a tunable frequency range from 11 GHz to 20 GHz and the frequency-quadrupled microwave signal with a tunable frequency range from 22.5 GHz to 26 GHz are generated. The phase noises of the fundamental, frequency-doubled and frequency-quadrupled signals at 10 k Hz offset frequency are-105.9 d Bc/Hz,-103.3 d Bc/Hz and-86.2 d Bc/Hz, respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10434060,10674047 and 10804031)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2006CB921604)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholarand Innovative Research Team and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No.B408)the Youth Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Committee (Grant No.GJJ09530)the Scientific Research Foundation of ECIT (Grant No.DSH0417)
文摘This paper proposes a scheme of axial triple-well optical dipole trap by employing a simple optical system composed of a circular cosine grating and a lens. Three optical wells separated averagely by -37 μm were created when illuminating by a YAG laser with power 1 mW. These wells with average trapping depth -0.5 μK and volume -74 μm^3 are suitable to trap and manipulate an atomic Bose-Einstein condensation （BEC）. Due to a controllable grating implemented by a spatial light modulator, an evolution between a triple-well trap and a single-well one is achievable by adjusting the height of potential barrier between adjacent wells. Based on this novel triple-well potentials, the loading and splitting of BEC, as well as the interference between three freely expanding BECs, are also numerically stimulated within the framework of mean-field treatment. By fitting three cosine functions with three Gaussian envelopes to interference fringe, the information of relative phases among three condensates is extracted.
文摘为了解决无人机航拍图片玉米植株中心检测所面临的诸多挑战,包括植株遮挡、形态多样、光照变化以及视觉混淆等问题,提升检测精度和模型的鲁棒性,开发了一种基于YOLO-TSCAS(YOLO with triplet-attention,saliencyadaptive,and centroid awareness for scenes)模型的玉米植株中心检测算法。该算法通过三重注意力模块、显著性裁剪混合数据增强方法、自适应池化技术和选择性多单元激活函数等技术手段,有效提高了检测精度和鲁棒性。采用三重注意力模块解决目标遮挡和视觉混淆问题,使模型能够更好地关注植株中心区域。采用显著性裁剪混合数据增强方法,在训练过程中引入不同的环境和光照变化,增强了模型对复杂场景的适应能力。结合自适应池化技术提高空间分辨率,有助于捕捉更精细的特征信息,提高检测的准确性。采用选择性多单元激活函数进一步增强了网络的学习能力,使模型能够更好地适应各种场景下的植株中心检测任务。实验结果表明,与现有的YOLOX算法相比,YOLO-TSCAS算法在平均准确率和平均F1值上分别提高了22.73个百分点和0.255,并且平均对数漏检率也显著降低了0.35。与其他流行的检测模型相比,在两类植株中心目标检测精度上也取得了最佳效果。
基金supported by the Higher Educational Youth Innovation Science and Technology Program Shandong Province(Grant Nos.2022KJ183 and 2022KJ175)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2023MA016 and ZR2023JQ001)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11974208 and 12374012)financial support from the award of Taishan Scholar(Grant No.tsqn202211128).
文摘The activation of the N≡N triple bond in N_(2) is a fascinating topic in nitrogen chemistry.The transition metals have been demonstrated to effectively modulate the reactivity of N_(2) molecules under high pressure,leading to nitrogen-rich compounds.However,their use often results in a significant reduction in energy density.In this work,we propose a series of low-enthalpy nitrogen-rich phases in CN_(x)(x=3,...,7)compounds using a first-principles crystal structure search method.The results of calculations reveal that all these CN compounds are assembled from both CN_(4) tetrahedra and N_(x)(x=1,2,or 5)species.Strikingly,we find that the CN_(4) tetrahedron can effectively activate the N≡N bond through weakening of the π orbital of N_(2) under a pressure of 40 GPa,leading to stable CN polynitrides.The robust structural framework of CN polynitrides containing C-N and N-N bonds plays a crucial role in enhancing their structural stability,energy density,and hardness.Among these polynitrides,CN_(6) possesses not only a very high mass density of 3.19 g/cm^(3),but also an ultrahigh energy density of 28.94 kJ/cm^(3),which represents a significant advance in the development of energetic materials using high-pressure methods.This work provides new insights into the mechanism of N_(2) activation under high pressure,and offers a promising pathway to realize high-performance energetic materials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61905039)Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program, China (Grant No. 20190701018GH)+1 种基金Education Department of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. JJKH20190691KJ)State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics.
文摘An accurate and fast three-step self-calibrating generalized phase-shifting interferomertry(SGPSI) is proposed. In this approach, two new phase-shifting signals are constructed by the difference interferograms normalization and noise suppressing, then the unknown phase shift between the two difference phase-shifting signals is estimated quickly through searching the minimum coefficient of variation of the modulation amplitude, a limited number of pixels are selected to participate in the search process to further save time, and finally the phase is reconstructed through the searched phase shift. Through the reconstruction of phase map by the simulation and experiment, and the comparison with several mature algorithms, the good performance of the proposed algorithm is proved, and it eliminates the limitation of requiring more than three phase-shifting interferograms for high-precision SGPSI. We expect this method to be widely used in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2006217,61775015,61801017,and 61827818)。
文摘An approach to generate high-speed and wideband frequency shift keying(FSK)signals based on carrier phase-shifted double sideband(CPS-DSB)modulation is proposed and experimentally validated.The core part of the scheme is a pair of cascaded polarization-sensitive LiNbO_(3) Mach–Zehnder modulators and phase modulators,whose polarization directions of the principal axes are mutually orthogonal to each other.A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out,where a 0.5 Gb/s FSK signal with the carrier frequencies of 4 and 8 GHz and a 1 Gb/s FSK signal with the carrier frequencies of 8 and 16 GHz are generated successfully.
文摘为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块,光控真空断路器模块主要由外绝缘部件、真空灭弧室、均压电容、永磁操动机构及其控制器和操动电源等部分组成,在低电位通过光纤控制技术对工作于高电位的永磁操动机构进行控制。对三断口真空断路器和单断口真空断路器模块分别施加雷电冲击电压,结果显示三断口真空断路器相对单断口真空断路器的击穿电压增益倍数为1.59;在并联不同均压电容和人为制造三断口不同步分断情况下研究三断口真空断路器暂态电压分布特性,发现低分散性操动机构和均压电容的应用可以有效提高其开断能力。三断口真空断路器在额定电压下成功开断40 k A短路电流,在不同试验方式下完成重合闸操作,并已顺利通过挂网试运行。
