Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study a...Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study aims to clarify how geometric changes affect thermal performance and offers new perspectives on how to improve heat dissipation mechanisms.A COMSOL Multiphysics version 6.2 has been used to solve numerical solutions.Streamlines and thermal distributions are examined systematically in order to understand how the unique geometry and baffle size of triangular cavities can influence the fluid flow.This influence can result in optimized flow patterns,promoting efficient heat transfer by directing the fluid to specific areas that require more cooling.In comparison with conventional designs,this optimization results in more efficient convective heat transfer,which raises cooling efficiency and lowers thermal resistance.Furthermore,by strengthening heat transfer characteristics in heat transfer systems,these geometries increase thermal efficiency,which helps several sectors,including the production of electricity,HVAC,and the automobile industry.展开更多
Fractal assembly in discrete structures,especially for artificial supramolecular species,has attracted significantly increased interest over the past two decades.In this study,we present the precisely controlled fract...Fractal assembly in discrete structures,especially for artificial supramolecular species,has attracted significantly increased interest over the past two decades.In this study,we present the precisely controlled fractal expanding synthesis of a novel triangular prism supramolecule featuring Sierpiński triangular face,which was achieved through a module-intervened self-expansion strategy.The homoleptic S1 was firstly synthesized through the assembly of ligand L1 with Zn^(2+)ions.Based on the triangular-faced prism S1,we further introduced Sierpiński triangular faces on the section of the heteroleptic supramolecular cage S2 with an expanded inner cavity and more abundant active sites for photocatalytic properties.The topotactic architectures for both S1 and S2 were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,transmission electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.Furthermore,the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the fractal expanded S2 was performed via the superior amine oxidative efficiency over S1.This study proposes the unprecedented fractal expanding strategy for three-dimensional supramolecular species with higher complexity,potentially opening new avenues for structural regulation of artificial fractal molecules.展开更多
As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple q...As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple quantum dot structure.Through calculation and simulation,it is found that concurrence is mainly affected by the interdot coupling strength t,Coulomb interactionU,temperature T,and electrode coupling G.Through comparative studies with parallel triple quantum dot structures,we demonstrate that the triangular geometry exhibits significantly enhanced concurrence under identical conditions.In addition,under the condition that concurrence exceeds 0.9,the functional relationship between t and U is obtained through simulation,which provides theoretical support for quantum dot regulation under high entanglement.Finally,we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a three-qubit quantum gate,using the Toffoli gate as a representative example,under the condition that the triangular triple quantum dot system maintains high entanglement.展开更多
Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local gove...Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local government debts appear to be expanding at an alarming rate in the past decade or so. This research focuses on grand strategies for dealing with Chinese local government debts. There are five research questions for this paper： 1） What is the size of the Chinese government debts？ 2） Are Chinese local government debts controllable？ 3） Who or what caused the rapid increase of the Chinese local government debts？ 4） Is it possible to have individual accountability for increasing local government debts in the future？ and 5） Will it be helpful to create a local government debt management organization in the Chinese central government？ Based on the available literature, this analysis also utilizes in death interviews with 13 government officials, policy analyst, and scholars. First, this paper identifies the size and categories of debts related to Chinese local governments. Then this paper illustrates various ways and methods of Chinese local governments to obtain leverage. After analyzing the causes and origins of these debts, the research demonstrates a potential local systematic risk. By contrast to its advantages and disadvantages, the paper suggests that the local governmental debts need to be constrained. It is important to restrict debt growth in terms of issuing, buying, repurchasing, collateralizing, etc. within a legal framework. With the consideration of political mechanisms in China, the research suggests that the central government establishes a specific organization to help normalize the local governmental debts with the function of supervision and management. The research also believes that it will be an effective way to control the growth of local debts if the central government can hold the relevant top leaders/officials of local governments to be accountable for their performances related to debt accumulation.展开更多
The content items to be offset of the reformed debt in consolidated financial statement of the operation occurred inside the group of enterprise is different from other general inner trades such as the sale of the sto...The content items to be offset of the reformed debt in consolidated financial statement of the operation occurred inside the group of enterprise is different from other general inner trades such as the sale of the stock or fixed asset, etc.. Through the reformed debt, the debtor and creditor have erased debt and credit on their bookkeeping. What to be offset are the capital reserve and the changed value of the asset. In this paper, the offsetting method of such items will be discussed.展开更多
We measure the quality of provisions for bad debts, based on both the cross-sectional and time-series basis. Empirical tests show the impacts on earnings information contents, as well as on the incremental information...We measure the quality of provisions for bad debts, based on both the cross-sectional and time-series basis. Empirical tests show the impacts on earnings information contents, as well as on the incremental information content of cash flows.展开更多
'The global financial tsunami of 2008 has affected all major export markets. The situation is much more severe than in previous crises.World trade is seriously affected as the credit crisis has led to an interrupt...'The global financial tsunami of 2008 has affected all major export markets. The situation is much more severe than in previous crises.World trade is seriously affected as the credit crisis has led to an interruption in the normal展开更多
Urban innovation is essential to strengthening national innovation capacity and technological capabilities,placing its sustained development at the heart of scholarly debate.This study explores the impact of productiv...Urban innovation is essential to strengthening national innovation capacity and technological capabilities,placing its sustained development at the heart of scholarly debate.This study explores the impact of productive-oriented local government debt expansion on urban innovation,leveraging China’s“Four Trillion Yuan”stimulus plan in 2008 as a natural experiment and drawing on urban panel data.Through the lens of productive government debt,we find that such expansion significantly boosts urban innovation,driven by three key mechanisms:infrastructure support,government innovation subsidies,and talent agglomeration.However,heterogeneity analysis reveals that this positive effect weakens in China’s central and western regions,cities with higher administrative status,and those with lower marketization levels,where the impact becomes negligible.Further scrutiny shows that local government financing vehicle(LGFV)bonds and special local government bonds earmarked for infrastructure effectively spur urban innovation,whereas general bonds and LGFV bonds used for“borrowing new to repay old”yield little to no benefit.These findings underscore that local government debt,when channeled toward productive ends,can fuel urban innovation.As the central government works to mitigate implicit debt risks,it must weigh the distinct roles of debt funds-considering regional economic conditions and institutional contexts-and tailor policies to time and place.This study offers theoretical insights and practical guidance for decoding the intricate link between government debt and innovation,enriching both scholarship and policy discourse.展开更多
This study explores the relationship between corporate environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disagreements and corporate debt maturity.By examining panel samples from Chinese non-financial listed companies covering ...This study explores the relationship between corporate environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disagreements and corporate debt maturity.By examining panel samples from Chinese non-financial listed companies covering 2007 to 2020,we find that ESG disagreements negatively influence corporate debt maturity.Even after conducting a series of robustness tests and addressing endogeneity concerns,the adverse effects of ESG disagreements persisted.A heterogeneity analysis shows that this negative impact is more significant for non-state-owned enterprises,small enterprises,enterprises with high capital intensity,enterprises with low analyst attention,and enterprises in high-tech industries.Through a mechanism analysis,we discovered that ESG disagreements can lead to information asymmetry and heightened default risk,subsequently affecting the maturity of corporate debt.Further analysis confirms that the negative impact of ESG on the debt structure inhibits long-term investment and exacerbates the mismatch between investment and financing terms.展开更多
Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of t...Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.展开更多
Working memory is an executive memory process that includes encoding,maintenance,and retrieval.These processes can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)with sinusoidal waves.However,little...Working memory is an executive memory process that includes encoding,maintenance,and retrieval.These processes can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)with sinusoidal waves.However,little is known about the impact of the rate of current change on working memory.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of two types of tACS with different rates of current change on working memory performance and brain activity.We applied a randomized,single-blind design and divided 81 young participants who received triangular wave tACS,sinusoidal wave tACS,or sham stimulation into three groups.Participants performed n-back tasks,and electroencephalograms were recorded before,during,and after active or sham stimulation.Compared to the baseline,working memory performance(accuracy and response time)improved after stimulation under all stimulation conditions.According to drift-diffusion model analysis,triangular wave tACS significantly increased the efficiency of non-target information processing.In addition,compared with sham conditions,triangular wave tACS reduced alpha power oscillations in the occipital lobe throughout the encoding period,while sinusoidal wave tACS increased theta power in the central frontal region only during the later encoding period.The brain network connectivity results showed that triangular wave tACS improved the clustering coefficient,local efficiency,and node degree intensity in the early encoding stage,and these parameters were positively correlated with the non-target drift rate and decision starting point.Our findings on how tACS modulates working memory indicate that triangular wave tACS significantly enhances brain network connectivity during the early encoding stage,demonstrating an improvement in the efficiency of working memory processing.In contrast,sinusoidal wave tACS increased the theta power during the later encoding stage,suggesting its potential critical role in late-stage information processing.These findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms by which tACS modulates working memory.展开更多
Surface irregularities,such as hills and ridges,can significantly amplify ground motion caused by earthquakes.Therefore,in this study,we propose an analytical solution model to investigate the interaction between an a...Surface irregularities,such as hills and ridges,can significantly amplify ground motion caused by earthquakes.Therefore,in this study,we propose an analytical solution model to investigate the interaction between an asymmetric triangular hill on Earth and SH waves.Firstly,based on the development of wave functions and regional matching techniques,we introduce a semi-circular artificial auxiliary boundary,dividing the solution model into a semi-infinite body containing a semi-circular depression and an asymmetric fan-shaped region.Secondly,we derive the domain function form applicable to solving asymmetric problems.Utilizing the theory of complex variables,we establish a well-posed matrix for solving domain functions within the same coordinate system.Numerical results demonstrate that the scattering of SH waves by a protuberance is jointly influenced by the geometric parameters of the hill and the angle of incidence.Additionally,the frequency of the incident wave also has a certain degree of impact on the displacement amplitude.This study elucidates the scattering mechanism of SH waves by complex boundaries,providing a theoretical reference for building site selection and seismic design.In practical problems,the asymmetric assumption is more applicable than the symmetry assumption.展开更多
This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stabl...This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stable configuration is essential for the continuous observation of gravitational waves(GWs).However,the motion near the collinear libration points is highly unstable.This problem is examined by output regulation theory.Using the tracking aspect,the equilateral triangular array formation is established in two periods and the fuel consumption is calculated.Furthermore,the natural evolution of the formation without control input is analyzed,and the effective stability duration is quantified to determine the timing of control interventions.Finally,to observe the GWs in same direction with different frequency bands,scale reconfiguration is employed.展开更多
Let R be a commutative ring with unity and T be a triangular algebra over R.Let a sequence G={G_n}_(n∈N)of nonlinear mappings G_n:T→T associated with nonlinear Lie triple higher derivations∆={δ_n}_(n∈N)by local ac...Let R be a commutative ring with unity and T be a triangular algebra over R.Let a sequence G={G_n}_(n∈N)of nonlinear mappings G_n:T→T associated with nonlinear Lie triple higher derivations∆={δ_n}_(n∈N)by local actions be a generalized Lie triple higher derivation by local actions satisfying Gn([[x,y],z])=Σ_(i+j+k=n)[[Gi(x),δj(y)],δk(z)]for all x,y,z∈T with xyz=0.Under some mild conditions on T,we prove in this paper that every nonlinear generalized Lie triple higher derivation by local actions on triangular algebras is proper.As an application we shall give a characterization of nonlinear generalized Lie triple higher derivations by local actions on upper triangular matrix algebras and nest algebras,respectively.At the same time,it also improves some interesting conclusions,such as[J.Algebra Appl.22(3),2023,Paper No.2350059],[Axioms,11,2022,1–16].展开更多
In endoscopic surgery,the limited field of view and the nonlinear deformation of organs caused by patient movement and respiration significantly complicate the modeling and accurate tracking of soft tissue surfaces fr...In endoscopic surgery,the limited field of view and the nonlinear deformation of organs caused by patient movement and respiration significantly complicate the modeling and accurate tracking of soft tissue surfaces from endoscopic image sequences.To address these challenges,we propose a novel Hybrid Triangular Matching(HTM)modeling framework for soft tissue feature tracking.Specifically,HTM constructs a geometric model of the detected blobs on the soft tissue surface by applying the Watershed algorithm for blob detection and integrating the Delaunay triangulation with a newly designed triangle search segmentation algorithm.By leveraging barycentric coordinate theory,HTMrapidly and accurately establishes inter-frame correspondences within the triangulated model,enabling stable feature tracking without explicit markers or extensive training data.Experimental results on endoscopic sequences demonstrate that this model-based tracking approach achieves lower computational complexity,maintains robustness against tissue deformation,and provides a scalable geometric modeling method for real-time soft tissue tracking in surgical computer vision.展开更多
The effects of climate change are becoming more evident nowadays,and the environmental stress imposed on crops has become more severe.Farmers around the globe continually seek ways to gain insights into crop health an...The effects of climate change are becoming more evident nowadays,and the environmental stress imposed on crops has become more severe.Farmers around the globe continually seek ways to gain insights into crop health and provide mitigation as early as possible.Phenotyping is a non-destructive method for assessing crop responses to environmental stresses and can be performed using airborne systems.Unmanned Aerial Systems(UAS)have significantly contributed to high-throughput phenotyping andmade the process rapid,efficient,and non-invasive for collecting large-scale agronomic data.Because of the high complexity and cost of specialized equipment used in aerial phenotyping,such as multispectral and hyperspectral cameras as well as lidar,this study proposes a framework for implementing aerial phenotyping where chlorophyll estimation,leaf count,and coverage are determined using the RGB(Red,Green and Blue)camera native to a UAS.Thestudy proposes the Dynamic Coefficient Triangular Greenness Index(DCTGI)for aerial phenotyping.Evaluation of the proposed DCTGI includes the correlation with chlorophyll content estimated using a Soil Plant Analysis Development(SPAD)chlorophyll meter on randomly sampled Liberica coffee seedlings.Analysis revealed a strong relationship between DCTGI values and chlorophyll estimates derived from SPAD measurements,with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.912.However,the study didn’t implement tissue-level validation and field-scale temporal analysis to assess seasonal variability.In addition,the SPAD meter provided the approximate nitrogen content together with the chlorohyll estimate.展开更多
文摘Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study aims to clarify how geometric changes affect thermal performance and offers new perspectives on how to improve heat dissipation mechanisms.A COMSOL Multiphysics version 6.2 has been used to solve numerical solutions.Streamlines and thermal distributions are examined systematically in order to understand how the unique geometry and baffle size of triangular cavities can influence the fluid flow.This influence can result in optimized flow patterns,promoting efficient heat transfer by directing the fluid to specific areas that require more cooling.In comparison with conventional designs,this optimization results in more efficient convective heat transfer,which raises cooling efficiency and lowers thermal resistance.Furthermore,by strengthening heat transfer characteristics in heat transfer systems,these geometries increase thermal efficiency,which helps several sectors,including the production of electricity,HVAC,and the automobile industry.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Yunnan Province(No.202302AB080016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101060,22371056,and 52303269)the Science and Technology Research Project of Guangzhou(Nos.202201020201 and 2023A03J0624)。
文摘Fractal assembly in discrete structures,especially for artificial supramolecular species,has attracted significantly increased interest over the past two decades.In this study,we present the precisely controlled fractal expanding synthesis of a novel triangular prism supramolecule featuring Sierpiński triangular face,which was achieved through a module-intervened self-expansion strategy.The homoleptic S1 was firstly synthesized through the assembly of ligand L1 with Zn^(2+)ions.Based on the triangular-faced prism S1,we further introduced Sierpiński triangular faces on the section of the heteroleptic supramolecular cage S2 with an expanded inner cavity and more abundant active sites for photocatalytic properties.The topotactic architectures for both S1 and S2 were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,transmission electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.Furthermore,the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the fractal expanded S2 was performed via the superior amine oxidative efficiency over S1.This study proposes the unprecedented fractal expanding strategy for three-dimensional supramolecular species with higher complexity,potentially opening new avenues for structural regulation of artificial fractal molecules.
文摘As an important index to measure the degree of entanglement in quantum systems,concurrence plays an important role in practical research.In this paper,we study the concurrence between two qubits in triangular triple quantum dot structure.Through calculation and simulation,it is found that concurrence is mainly affected by the interdot coupling strength t,Coulomb interactionU,temperature T,and electrode coupling G.Through comparative studies with parallel triple quantum dot structures,we demonstrate that the triangular geometry exhibits significantly enhanced concurrence under identical conditions.In addition,under the condition that concurrence exceeds 0.9,the functional relationship between t and U is obtained through simulation,which provides theoretical support for quantum dot regulation under high entanglement.Finally,we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a three-qubit quantum gate,using the Toffoli gate as a representative example,under the condition that the triangular triple quantum dot system maintains high entanglement.
文摘Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local government debts appear to be expanding at an alarming rate in the past decade or so. This research focuses on grand strategies for dealing with Chinese local government debts. There are five research questions for this paper： 1） What is the size of the Chinese government debts？ 2） Are Chinese local government debts controllable？ 3） Who or what caused the rapid increase of the Chinese local government debts？ 4） Is it possible to have individual accountability for increasing local government debts in the future？ and 5） Will it be helpful to create a local government debt management organization in the Chinese central government？ Based on the available literature, this analysis also utilizes in death interviews with 13 government officials, policy analyst, and scholars. First, this paper identifies the size and categories of debts related to Chinese local governments. Then this paper illustrates various ways and methods of Chinese local governments to obtain leverage. After analyzing the causes and origins of these debts, the research demonstrates a potential local systematic risk. By contrast to its advantages and disadvantages, the paper suggests that the local governmental debts need to be constrained. It is important to restrict debt growth in terms of issuing, buying, repurchasing, collateralizing, etc. within a legal framework. With the consideration of political mechanisms in China, the research suggests that the central government establishes a specific organization to help normalize the local governmental debts with the function of supervision and management. The research also believes that it will be an effective way to control the growth of local debts if the central government can hold the relevant top leaders/officials of local governments to be accountable for their performances related to debt accumulation.
文摘The content items to be offset of the reformed debt in consolidated financial statement of the operation occurred inside the group of enterprise is different from other general inner trades such as the sale of the stock or fixed asset, etc.. Through the reformed debt, the debtor and creditor have erased debt and credit on their bookkeeping. What to be offset are the capital reserve and the changed value of the asset. In this paper, the offsetting method of such items will be discussed.
文摘We measure the quality of provisions for bad debts, based on both the cross-sectional and time-series basis. Empirical tests show the impacts on earnings information contents, as well as on the incremental information content of cash flows.
文摘'The global financial tsunami of 2008 has affected all major export markets. The situation is much more severe than in previous crises.World trade is seriously affected as the credit crisis has led to an interruption in the normal
基金Youth Program of the National Social Science Foundation of China(NSSFC),“Research on the Impact of Land Transfer Marketization on the Transformation and Upgrading of Manufacturing in the New Era”(Grant No.23CJL010)Major Project of Renmin University of China Scientific Research Fund,“Research on the Mechanism of Government Guidance Funds Promoting High-Quality Development”(Grant No.23XNL007)funded by the Advantageous Discipline Project under the Peak Strategy of the CASS(industrial economics).
文摘Urban innovation is essential to strengthening national innovation capacity and technological capabilities,placing its sustained development at the heart of scholarly debate.This study explores the impact of productive-oriented local government debt expansion on urban innovation,leveraging China’s“Four Trillion Yuan”stimulus plan in 2008 as a natural experiment and drawing on urban panel data.Through the lens of productive government debt,we find that such expansion significantly boosts urban innovation,driven by three key mechanisms:infrastructure support,government innovation subsidies,and talent agglomeration.However,heterogeneity analysis reveals that this positive effect weakens in China’s central and western regions,cities with higher administrative status,and those with lower marketization levels,where the impact becomes negligible.Further scrutiny shows that local government financing vehicle(LGFV)bonds and special local government bonds earmarked for infrastructure effectively spur urban innovation,whereas general bonds and LGFV bonds used for“borrowing new to repay old”yield little to no benefit.These findings underscore that local government debt,when channeled toward productive ends,can fuel urban innovation.As the central government works to mitigate implicit debt risks,it must weigh the distinct roles of debt funds-considering regional economic conditions and institutional contexts-and tailor policies to time and place.This study offers theoretical insights and practical guidance for decoding the intricate link between government debt and innovation,enriching both scholarship and policy discourse.
基金STU Scientific Research Initiation Grant[Grant No.STF24004T]Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China[Grant No.2021B1515020103].
文摘This study explores the relationship between corporate environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disagreements and corporate debt maturity.By examining panel samples from Chinese non-financial listed companies covering 2007 to 2020,we find that ESG disagreements negatively influence corporate debt maturity.Even after conducting a series of robustness tests and addressing endogeneity concerns,the adverse effects of ESG disagreements persisted.A heterogeneity analysis shows that this negative impact is more significant for non-state-owned enterprises,small enterprises,enterprises with high capital intensity,enterprises with low analyst attention,and enterprises in high-tech industries.Through a mechanism analysis,we discovered that ESG disagreements can lead to information asymmetry and heightened default risk,subsequently affecting the maturity of corporate debt.Further analysis confirms that the negative impact of ESG on the debt structure inhibits long-term investment and exacerbates the mismatch between investment and financing terms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72271135,72141304,71901130)National Social Science Fund of China(22&ZD117)+3 种基金Laboratory of Computation and Analytics of Complex Management Systems(Tianjin University)Special Funds for Taishan Scholars(tsqn202211120)2024 Qingdao Finance Society Key Project2024 Qingdao Social Science Planning Project.
文摘Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2023B0303030002)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(IS23114,7242274)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023TQ0027 and 2024M754099)the STI 2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0208500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62336002,82071912,62406025,82202291,62373056,62306035)the Beijing Nova Program(20230484465)the Shenzhen Basic Research Program(JCYJ20241202124804007).
文摘Working memory is an executive memory process that includes encoding,maintenance,and retrieval.These processes can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)with sinusoidal waves.However,little is known about the impact of the rate of current change on working memory.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of two types of tACS with different rates of current change on working memory performance and brain activity.We applied a randomized,single-blind design and divided 81 young participants who received triangular wave tACS,sinusoidal wave tACS,or sham stimulation into three groups.Participants performed n-back tasks,and electroencephalograms were recorded before,during,and after active or sham stimulation.Compared to the baseline,working memory performance(accuracy and response time)improved after stimulation under all stimulation conditions.According to drift-diffusion model analysis,triangular wave tACS significantly increased the efficiency of non-target information processing.In addition,compared with sham conditions,triangular wave tACS reduced alpha power oscillations in the occipital lobe throughout the encoding period,while sinusoidal wave tACS increased theta power in the central frontal region only during the later encoding period.The brain network connectivity results showed that triangular wave tACS improved the clustering coefficient,local efficiency,and node degree intensity in the early encoding stage,and these parameters were positively correlated with the non-target drift rate and decision starting point.Our findings on how tACS modulates working memory indicate that triangular wave tACS significantly enhances brain network connectivity during the early encoding stage,demonstrating an improvement in the efficiency of working memory processing.In contrast,sinusoidal wave tACS increased the theta power during the later encoding stage,suggesting its potential critical role in late-stage information processing.These findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms by which tACS modulates working memory.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3003601)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project on Earthquake Science(Grant No.U2239252)the program of the Innovative Research Team in China Earthquake Administration.
文摘Surface irregularities,such as hills and ridges,can significantly amplify ground motion caused by earthquakes.Therefore,in this study,we propose an analytical solution model to investigate the interaction between an asymmetric triangular hill on Earth and SH waves.Firstly,based on the development of wave functions and regional matching techniques,we introduce a semi-circular artificial auxiliary boundary,dividing the solution model into a semi-infinite body containing a semi-circular depression and an asymmetric fan-shaped region.Secondly,we derive the domain function form applicable to solving asymmetric problems.Utilizing the theory of complex variables,we establish a well-posed matrix for solving domain functions within the same coordinate system.Numerical results demonstrate that the scattering of SH waves by a protuberance is jointly influenced by the geometric parameters of the hill and the angle of incidence.Additionally,the frequency of the incident wave also has a certain degree of impact on the displacement amplitude.This study elucidates the scattering mechanism of SH waves by complex boundaries,providing a theoretical reference for building site selection and seismic design.In practical problems,the asymmetric assumption is more applicable than the symmetry assumption.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)(No.202206290131)。
文摘This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stable configuration is essential for the continuous observation of gravitational waves(GWs).However,the motion near the collinear libration points is highly unstable.This problem is examined by output regulation theory.Using the tracking aspect,the equilateral triangular array formation is established in two periods and the fuel consumption is calculated.Furthermore,the natural evolution of the formation without control input is analyzed,and the effective stability duration is quantified to determine the timing of control interventions.Finally,to observe the GWs in same direction with different frequency bands,scale reconfiguration is employed.
基金Supported by Open Research Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Mathematical Sciences(Central China Normal University)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Grant No.2008085QA01)the University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2019A0107)。
文摘Let R be a commutative ring with unity and T be a triangular algebra over R.Let a sequence G={G_n}_(n∈N)of nonlinear mappings G_n:T→T associated with nonlinear Lie triple higher derivations∆={δ_n}_(n∈N)by local actions be a generalized Lie triple higher derivation by local actions satisfying Gn([[x,y],z])=Σ_(i+j+k=n)[[Gi(x),δj(y)],δk(z)]for all x,y,z∈T with xyz=0.Under some mild conditions on T,we prove in this paper that every nonlinear generalized Lie triple higher derivation by local actions on triangular algebras is proper.As an application we shall give a characterization of nonlinear generalized Lie triple higher derivations by local actions on upper triangular matrix algebras and nest algebras,respectively.At the same time,it also improves some interesting conclusions,such as[J.Algebra Appl.22(3),2023,Paper No.2350059],[Axioms,11,2022,1–16].
基金Support by Sichuan Science and Technology Program[2023YFSY0026,2023YFH0004].
文摘In endoscopic surgery,the limited field of view and the nonlinear deformation of organs caused by patient movement and respiration significantly complicate the modeling and accurate tracking of soft tissue surfaces from endoscopic image sequences.To address these challenges,we propose a novel Hybrid Triangular Matching(HTM)modeling framework for soft tissue feature tracking.Specifically,HTM constructs a geometric model of the detected blobs on the soft tissue surface by applying the Watershed algorithm for blob detection and integrating the Delaunay triangulation with a newly designed triangle search segmentation algorithm.By leveraging barycentric coordinate theory,HTMrapidly and accurately establishes inter-frame correspondences within the triangulated model,enabling stable feature tracking without explicit markers or extensive training data.Experimental results on endoscopic sequences demonstrate that this model-based tracking approach achieves lower computational complexity,maintains robustness against tissue deformation,and provides a scalable geometric modeling method for real-time soft tissue tracking in surgical computer vision.
文摘The effects of climate change are becoming more evident nowadays,and the environmental stress imposed on crops has become more severe.Farmers around the globe continually seek ways to gain insights into crop health and provide mitigation as early as possible.Phenotyping is a non-destructive method for assessing crop responses to environmental stresses and can be performed using airborne systems.Unmanned Aerial Systems(UAS)have significantly contributed to high-throughput phenotyping andmade the process rapid,efficient,and non-invasive for collecting large-scale agronomic data.Because of the high complexity and cost of specialized equipment used in aerial phenotyping,such as multispectral and hyperspectral cameras as well as lidar,this study proposes a framework for implementing aerial phenotyping where chlorophyll estimation,leaf count,and coverage are determined using the RGB(Red,Green and Blue)camera native to a UAS.Thestudy proposes the Dynamic Coefficient Triangular Greenness Index(DCTGI)for aerial phenotyping.Evaluation of the proposed DCTGI includes the correlation with chlorophyll content estimated using a Soil Plant Analysis Development(SPAD)chlorophyll meter on randomly sampled Liberica coffee seedlings.Analysis revealed a strong relationship between DCTGI values and chlorophyll estimates derived from SPAD measurements,with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.912.However,the study didn’t implement tissue-level validation and field-scale temporal analysis to assess seasonal variability.In addition,the SPAD meter provided the approximate nitrogen content together with the chlorohyll estimate.
