Traumatic events have been considered significant risk factors for older adults’mental health,but the mediating mechanism and moderating effect of aging attitudes that underlie this relationship have yet been complet...Traumatic events have been considered significant risk factors for older adults’mental health,but the mediating mechanism and moderating effect of aging attitudes that underlie this relationship have yet been completely investigated.The attitudes of the elderly toward aging can be divided into two closely related but conceptually different dimensions,including positive and negative.Positive aging attitudes refer to optimistic feelings and experiences about aging,whereas negative attitudes toward aging are related to detrimental thoughts and sensa-tions experienced about the increasing age.The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating and moderating roles of these two dimensions of aging attitudes between traumatic events and depression of the elderly in China.Data for this research come from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)of 2014.A nationally representative sample consisting of 11,511 Chinese older adults aged 60 and above was obtained through a stra-tified,multi-stage probability sampling method.The results revealed that the association between traumatic events and depression was mediated and moderated by positive and negative aging attitudes,controlling for gen-der,age,spouse,educational level,and ethnicity.Significance,implications,and limitations were discussed.展开更多
Architecture is becoming an extraordinary method to save memories.This paper aims to show the relationship between traumatic events and architecture.This paper indicates that the positive side of memorial architecture...Architecture is becoming an extraordinary method to save memories.This paper aims to show the relationship between traumatic events and architecture.This paper indicates that the positive side of memorial architecture from traumatic incidents on strengthening national identity,cultivate patriotism in the educational field,and becoming the city's icon.It also presents the building architecture drawbacks on emotion and mentality of people and occupies much city's area.Indeed,giving depth research on typical cases to analyse the influence for people.The findings clearly show that building is common use in remembering traumatic events.展开更多
Although posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is on the rise,traumatic events and their consequences are often hidden or minimized by patients for reasons linked to PTSD itself.Traumatic experiences can be broadly class...Although posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is on the rise,traumatic events and their consequences are often hidden or minimized by patients for reasons linked to PTSD itself.Traumatic experiences can be broadly classified into mental stress(MS)and traumatic brain injury(TBI),but the cellular mechanisms of MS-or TBI-induced PTSD remain unknown.Recent evidence has shown that the morphological remodeling of astrocytes accompanies and arguably contributes to fearful memories and stressrelated disorders.In this review,we summarize the roles of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of MS-PTSD and TBIPTSD.Astrocytes synthesize and secrete neurotrophic,proand anti-inflammatory factors and regulate the microenvironment of the nervous tissue through metabolic pathways,ionostatic control,and homeostatic clearance of neurotransmitters.Stress or trauma-associated impairment of these vital astrocytic functions contribute to the pathophysiological evolution of PTSD and may present therapeutic targets.展开更多
Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating ...Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating effect of traumatic events(TEs).Methods This cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling method to conduct questionnaire surveys in six high-concentrated LBC provinces.Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were performed to investigate the association of AFSP with SI,SP and SA,and meta-analysis(I2)was used to assess the heterogeneity.Causal mediation analysis(structural equation modelling)was used to evaluate the mediating effect of TEs,and bootstrap resampling was employed to assess the robustness of the causal mediation analysis.Results A total of 12162(6269 LBC)participants were included in this study;the prevalence rates of SI,SP and SA among LBC were 30.7%,18.6%and 11.9%;and LBC had a higher risk of SI(OR:1.32),SP(OR:1.40)and SA(OR:1.25)than non-LBC,all p<0.001.AFSP was negatively associated with SI,SP and SA,particularly peaking before 2 years old.LBC with AFSP<2 years old had a higher risk of SI(OR 2.65;95%CI 2.17 to 3.24;p<0.001),SP(OR 2.63;95%CI 3.36 to 4.29;p<0.001)and SA(OR 2.04;95%CI 2.73 to 3.63;p<0.001).TEs mediated the increased risk of SI(average causal mediation effect(ACME)0.03–0.07;proportion(Prop)40–54%;all p<0.001),SP(ACME 0.03–0.06;Prop 39–61%;all p<0.001)and SA(ACME 0.02–0.04;Prop 53–80%;all p<0.01).Conclusions We found that AFSP was associated with SI,SP and SA,mediated by TEs.Our findings supported the necessity of reducing SI,SP and SA risks among LBC and highlighted the need to consider AFSPs and TEs in intervention strategies.展开更多
Dear Editor,Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder triggered by severe traumatic events,characterized by persistent intrusive memories,emotional dysregulation,hyperarousal,and avoid...Dear Editor,Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder triggered by severe traumatic events,characterized by persistent intrusive memories,emotional dysregulation,hyperarousal,and avoidance behaviors[1,2].PTSD is associated with significant gene expression changes in key brain regions,including the ventral tegmental area(VTA),which may underlie dysregulation of dopaminergic signaling and stress-related behaviors[3].展开更多
Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in 1980.Currently,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Editi...Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in 1980.Currently,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5)and the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition(ICD-11)offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for PTSD.In both diagnostic categories,experiencing a traumatic event(TE)is the necessary criterion for diagnosing PTSD.The TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death,serious injury,sexual violence,and other extreme stressors,either directly or indirectly.More than 70%of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime,and approximately 10%of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a TE.The important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories,pervasive sense of threat,active avoidance,hyperarousal symptoms,and negative alterations of cognition and mood.Individuals with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases,including major depressive disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and substance use disorder.Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex,involving abnormal neural circuits,molecular mechanisms,and genetic mechanisms.A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD,but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory PTSD.Because of the high prevalence,heavy burden,and limited treatments,PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent attention.In this review,we summarize and discuss the diagnosis,prevalence,TEs,pathophysiology,and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.展开更多
文摘Traumatic events have been considered significant risk factors for older adults’mental health,but the mediating mechanism and moderating effect of aging attitudes that underlie this relationship have yet been completely investigated.The attitudes of the elderly toward aging can be divided into two closely related but conceptually different dimensions,including positive and negative.Positive aging attitudes refer to optimistic feelings and experiences about aging,whereas negative attitudes toward aging are related to detrimental thoughts and sensa-tions experienced about the increasing age.The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating and moderating roles of these two dimensions of aging attitudes between traumatic events and depression of the elderly in China.Data for this research come from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)of 2014.A nationally representative sample consisting of 11,511 Chinese older adults aged 60 and above was obtained through a stra-tified,multi-stage probability sampling method.The results revealed that the association between traumatic events and depression was mediated and moderated by positive and negative aging attitudes,controlling for gen-der,age,spouse,educational level,and ethnicity.Significance,implications,and limitations were discussed.
文摘Architecture is becoming an extraordinary method to save memories.This paper aims to show the relationship between traumatic events and architecture.This paper indicates that the positive side of memorial architecture from traumatic incidents on strengthening national identity,cultivate patriotism in the educational field,and becoming the city's icon.It also presents the building architecture drawbacks on emotion and mentality of people and occupies much city's area.Indeed,giving depth research on typical cases to analyse the influence for people.The findings clearly show that building is common use in remembering traumatic events.
基金This review was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,(81871852)Shenyang Science and Technology Innovation Talents Project(RC210251)+3 种基金Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807137)the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars of Education Ministry of China(20151098)Liaoning Thousand Talents Program(202078)the"Chunhui"Program of Education Ministry(2020703).
文摘Although posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is on the rise,traumatic events and their consequences are often hidden or minimized by patients for reasons linked to PTSD itself.Traumatic experiences can be broadly classified into mental stress(MS)and traumatic brain injury(TBI),but the cellular mechanisms of MS-or TBI-induced PTSD remain unknown.Recent evidence has shown that the morphological remodeling of astrocytes accompanies and arguably contributes to fearful memories and stressrelated disorders.In this review,we summarize the roles of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of MS-PTSD and TBIPTSD.Astrocytes synthesize and secrete neurotrophic,proand anti-inflammatory factors and regulate the microenvironment of the nervous tissue through metabolic pathways,ionostatic control,and homeostatic clearance of neurotransmitters.Stress or trauma-associated impairment of these vital astrocytic functions contribute to the pathophysiological evolution of PTSD and may present therapeutic targets.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Grant No 20BSH066,JZ).
文摘Background To investigate the relationship of age at first separation from parents(AFSP)with suicidal ideation(SI),suicide planning(SP)and suicide attempts(SA)among left-behind children(LBC)in China and the mediating effect of traumatic events(TEs).Methods This cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling method to conduct questionnaire surveys in six high-concentrated LBC provinces.Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were performed to investigate the association of AFSP with SI,SP and SA,and meta-analysis(I2)was used to assess the heterogeneity.Causal mediation analysis(structural equation modelling)was used to evaluate the mediating effect of TEs,and bootstrap resampling was employed to assess the robustness of the causal mediation analysis.Results A total of 12162(6269 LBC)participants were included in this study;the prevalence rates of SI,SP and SA among LBC were 30.7%,18.6%and 11.9%;and LBC had a higher risk of SI(OR:1.32),SP(OR:1.40)and SA(OR:1.25)than non-LBC,all p<0.001.AFSP was negatively associated with SI,SP and SA,particularly peaking before 2 years old.LBC with AFSP<2 years old had a higher risk of SI(OR 2.65;95%CI 2.17 to 3.24;p<0.001),SP(OR 2.63;95%CI 3.36 to 4.29;p<0.001)and SA(OR 2.04;95%CI 2.73 to 3.63;p<0.001).TEs mediated the increased risk of SI(average causal mediation effect(ACME)0.03–0.07;proportion(Prop)40–54%;all p<0.001),SP(ACME 0.03–0.06;Prop 39–61%;all p<0.001)and SA(ACME 0.02–0.04;Prop 53–80%;all p<0.01).Conclusions We found that AFSP was associated with SI,SP and SA,mediated by TEs.Our findings supported the necessity of reducing SI,SP and SA risks among LBC and highlighted the need to consider AFSPs and TEs in intervention strategies.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871062)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515012913)+1 种基金the Key Research Foundation of Guangdong Provincial Education Bureau(2023ZDZX2037)the Special Fund of Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation of Guangdong University Students(pdjh2024a238,pdjh2025ak133)。
文摘Dear Editor,Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder triggered by severe traumatic events,characterized by persistent intrusive memories,emotional dysregulation,hyperarousal,and avoidance behaviors[1,2].PTSD is associated with significant gene expression changes in key brain regions,including the ventral tegmental area(VTA),which may underlie dysregulation of dopaminergic signaling and stress-related behaviors[3].
文摘Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in 1980.Currently,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5)and the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition(ICD-11)offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for PTSD.In both diagnostic categories,experiencing a traumatic event(TE)is the necessary criterion for diagnosing PTSD.The TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death,serious injury,sexual violence,and other extreme stressors,either directly or indirectly.More than 70%of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime,and approximately 10%of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a TE.The important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories,pervasive sense of threat,active avoidance,hyperarousal symptoms,and negative alterations of cognition and mood.Individuals with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases,including major depressive disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and substance use disorder.Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex,involving abnormal neural circuits,molecular mechanisms,and genetic mechanisms.A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD,but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory PTSD.Because of the high prevalence,heavy burden,and limited treatments,PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent attention.In this review,we summarize and discuss the diagnosis,prevalence,TEs,pathophysiology,and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.
