Scholars and practitioners believe that the large-scale deployment of charging piles is imperative to our future electric transportation systems.Major economies ambitiously install charging pile networks,with massive ...Scholars and practitioners believe that the large-scale deployment of charging piles is imperative to our future electric transportation systems.Major economies ambitiously install charging pile networks,with massive construction spending,maintenance costs,and urban space occupation.However,recent developments in technology may significantly reduce the necessary charging capacity required by the system.This paper develops a linear programming model to characterize the effects of likely scenarios where vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)charging is available via vehicle modularization or wireless charging.Specifically,we consider scenarios in which vehicles can transmit energy to each other(coordinated by a central platform)while traveling closely on the same road.We first estimate the number of charging piles needed for completing the travel plan of 73 cars from data,assuming a battery capacity of 400 km’s range and no V2V charging.Our results show that once V2V charging technologies with an efficiency of 50%are available,more than 2/3 of the charging piles investment would be wasted.Additionally,if the efficiency of V2V charging increases to 75%,we can easily reduce the battery capacity of vehicles to 200 km,which will reduce production costs and improve energy efficiency.These results may reveal us an alternative pathway towards transportation electrification.展开更多
To support power grid operators to detect and evaluate potential power grid congestions due to the electrification of urban private cars,accurate models are needed to determine the charging energy and power demand of ...To support power grid operators to detect and evaluate potential power grid congestions due to the electrification of urban private cars,accurate models are needed to determine the charging energy and power demand of battery electric vehicles(BEVs)with high spatial and temporal resolution.Typically,e-mobility traffic simulations are used for this purpose.In particular,activity-based mobility models are used because they individually model the activity and travel patterns of each person in the considered geographical area.In addition to inaccuracies in determining the spatial distribution of BEV charging demand,one main limitation of the activity-based models proposed in the literature is that they rely on data describing traffic flow in the considered area.However,these data are not available for most places in the world.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel approach to develop an activity-based model that overcomes the spatial limitations and does not require traffic flow data as an input parameter.Instead,a route assignment procedure assigns a destination to each BEV trip based on the evaluation of all possible destinations.The basis of this evaluation is the travel distance and speed between the origin of the trip and the destination,as well as the car-access attractiveness and the availability of parking spots at the destinations.The applicability of this model is demonstrated for the urban area of Berlin,Germany,and its 448 sub-districts.For each district in Berlin,both the required daily BEV charging energy demand and the power demand are determined.In addition,the load shifting potential is investigated for an exemplary district.The results show that peak power demand can be reduced by up to 31.7%in comparison to uncontrolled charging.展开更多
Many countries and regions across the world have been actively implementing their commitments to achieve carbon neutrality in response to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate ...Many countries and regions across the world have been actively implementing their commitments to achieve carbon neutrality in response to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (United Nations, 2021). This paper highlights some evolutions and revolutions currently experienced by the transportation industry in different contexts with respect to some common carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability goals. The evolutionary and revolutionary changes are powered by the adoption and implementation of emerging technologies and policies on three aspects: Low-carbon transportation infrastructure, transportation electrification and decarbonization, and intelligent transportation systems management. It is hoped that the experience and lessens we learned from these accumulative and adaptive practices can help us more precisely select and adjust the technological and policy pathways for achieving carbon–neutral transportation.展开更多
Environmental sustainability is a crucial issue for all human beings,and vehicle emissions significantly contribute to climate change.This has prompted many countries,including China,Norway,and Germany,to focus on ele...Environmental sustainability is a crucial issue for all human beings,and vehicle emissions significantly contribute to climate change.This has prompted many countries,including China,Norway,and Germany,to focus on electrifying transportation.This study quantifies the life cycle carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions of electric buses(EBs)in Guangzhou,China,via a life cycle analysis methodology,revealing an average life cycle emission of 1,097.07 g CO_(2)·km−1·vehicle−1.The operation and charging stage contributes the most to the lifespan of CO_(2)emissions at 69.6%,driven by carbon-intensive power grid.Compared with conventional internal combustion engine buses,EBs result in significant emission reductions,but regional grid carbon intensity variations across China mean that their benefits depend on nationwide green energy adoption.By 2030,emissions are projected to decline by 15.28%,aligning with carbon peak goals.The findings emphasize that transitioning to renewable energy grids and hybrid technologies is critical for sustainable transportation.展开更多
Shore-to-ship power(SSP)technology is an effective way for developing sustainable maritime transportation systems.Its implementation requires attractive pricing and incentive policies.This paper proposes a time-of-use...Shore-to-ship power(SSP)technology is an effective way for developing sustainable maritime transportation systems.Its implementation requires attractive pricing and incentive policies.This paper proposes a time-of-use(TOU)-based pricing strategy for SSP services considering the ship behaviors.A hierarchical pricing framework is first proposed to characterize the interactions among government regulators(GR),seaport authorities(SA)and ships,which is formulated as a tri-level two-loop Stackelberg game model.On the ship-side,each ship is treated as an independent stakeholder and the queuing process caused by limited number of berths is considered.Correspondingly,a coupled voyaging-berthing-queuing(CVBQ)model is established for each individual ship to accurately formulate their voyage scheduling,berth selection,queuing behaviors and power dispatch.The optimal CVBQ decision of each ship depends on its queuing time,which cannot be known before all ships make their decisions.To this end,a first-come-first-serve(FCFS)-based ship queuing algorithm is developed to chronologically derive the optimal decisions of all ships.The proposed hierarchical pricing model is solved iteratively by combining heuristics and commercial solvers.Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
基金support from the Ministry of Education China and NSFC through the CJJX scheme(20221710034).
文摘Scholars and practitioners believe that the large-scale deployment of charging piles is imperative to our future electric transportation systems.Major economies ambitiously install charging pile networks,with massive construction spending,maintenance costs,and urban space occupation.However,recent developments in technology may significantly reduce the necessary charging capacity required by the system.This paper develops a linear programming model to characterize the effects of likely scenarios where vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)charging is available via vehicle modularization or wireless charging.Specifically,we consider scenarios in which vehicles can transmit energy to each other(coordinated by a central platform)while traveling closely on the same road.We first estimate the number of charging piles needed for completing the travel plan of 73 cars from data,assuming a battery capacity of 400 km’s range and no V2V charging.Our results show that once V2V charging technologies with an efficiency of 50%are available,more than 2/3 of the charging piles investment would be wasted.Additionally,if the efficiency of V2V charging increases to 75%,we can easily reduce the battery capacity of vehicles to 200 km,which will reduce production costs and improve energy efficiency.These results may reveal us an alternative pathway towards transportation electrification.
基金This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)-project:“Multi-Domain Modeling and Optimization of Integrated Renewable Energy and Urban Electric Vehicle Systems”[grant number 410830482].
文摘To support power grid operators to detect and evaluate potential power grid congestions due to the electrification of urban private cars,accurate models are needed to determine the charging energy and power demand of battery electric vehicles(BEVs)with high spatial and temporal resolution.Typically,e-mobility traffic simulations are used for this purpose.In particular,activity-based mobility models are used because they individually model the activity and travel patterns of each person in the considered geographical area.In addition to inaccuracies in determining the spatial distribution of BEV charging demand,one main limitation of the activity-based models proposed in the literature is that they rely on data describing traffic flow in the considered area.However,these data are not available for most places in the world.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel approach to develop an activity-based model that overcomes the spatial limitations and does not require traffic flow data as an input parameter.Instead,a route assignment procedure assigns a destination to each BEV trip based on the evaluation of all possible destinations.The basis of this evaluation is the travel distance and speed between the origin of the trip and the destination,as well as the car-access attractiveness and the availability of parking spots at the destinations.The applicability of this model is demonstrated for the urban area of Berlin,Germany,and its 448 sub-districts.For each district in Berlin,both the required daily BEV charging energy demand and the power demand are determined.In addition,the load shifting potential is investigated for an exemplary district.The results show that peak power demand can be reduced by up to 31.7%in comparison to uncontrolled charging.
基金This research is partially sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72171175,72021102,72111540273)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(Grant No.722MS046),China.
文摘Many countries and regions across the world have been actively implementing their commitments to achieve carbon neutrality in response to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (United Nations, 2021). This paper highlights some evolutions and revolutions currently experienced by the transportation industry in different contexts with respect to some common carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability goals. The evolutionary and revolutionary changes are powered by the adoption and implementation of emerging technologies and policies on three aspects: Low-carbon transportation infrastructure, transportation electrification and decarbonization, and intelligent transportation systems management. It is hoped that the experience and lessens we learned from these accumulative and adaptive practices can help us more precisely select and adjust the technological and policy pathways for achieving carbon–neutral transportation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372313)JPI Urban Europe and Energimyndigheten(No.e-MATS,P2023-00029).
文摘Environmental sustainability is a crucial issue for all human beings,and vehicle emissions significantly contribute to climate change.This has prompted many countries,including China,Norway,and Germany,to focus on electrifying transportation.This study quantifies the life cycle carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions of electric buses(EBs)in Guangzhou,China,via a life cycle analysis methodology,revealing an average life cycle emission of 1,097.07 g CO_(2)·km−1·vehicle−1.The operation and charging stage contributes the most to the lifespan of CO_(2)emissions at 69.6%,driven by carbon-intensive power grid.Compared with conventional internal combustion engine buses,EBs result in significant emission reductions,but regional grid carbon intensity variations across China mean that their benefits depend on nationwide green energy adoption.By 2030,emissions are projected to decline by 15.28%,aligning with carbon peak goals.The findings emphasize that transitioning to renewable energy grids and hybrid technologies is critical for sustainable transportation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52337006).
文摘Shore-to-ship power(SSP)technology is an effective way for developing sustainable maritime transportation systems.Its implementation requires attractive pricing and incentive policies.This paper proposes a time-of-use(TOU)-based pricing strategy for SSP services considering the ship behaviors.A hierarchical pricing framework is first proposed to characterize the interactions among government regulators(GR),seaport authorities(SA)and ships,which is formulated as a tri-level two-loop Stackelberg game model.On the ship-side,each ship is treated as an independent stakeholder and the queuing process caused by limited number of berths is considered.Correspondingly,a coupled voyaging-berthing-queuing(CVBQ)model is established for each individual ship to accurately formulate their voyage scheduling,berth selection,queuing behaviors and power dispatch.The optimal CVBQ decision of each ship depends on its queuing time,which cannot be known before all ships make their decisions.To this end,a first-come-first-serve(FCFS)-based ship queuing algorithm is developed to chronologically derive the optimal decisions of all ships.The proposed hierarchical pricing model is solved iteratively by combining heuristics and commercial solvers.Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
