A patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal transparent display using one-time UV exposure is demonstrated.The device is fabricated by exposing the cell with a uniform UV light through a mask with selective attenuati...A patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal transparent display using one-time UV exposure is demonstrated.The device is fabricated by exposing the cell with a uniform UV light through a mask with selective attenuation of the UV light.The voltage-transmittance response of the device is different for the corresponding regions.Thus,three different states of total scattering,patterned transparent,and total transparent can be realized by controlling the applied voltages.The proposed device used in shutter mode as smart windows and in projected display mode is demonstrated,which shows great potential for smart windows with customized patterns or logos and has potential application in the field of projected transparent displays.展开更多
A transparent display simultaneously enables visualization of the images displayed on it as well as the view behind it,and therefore can be applied to,for instance,augmented reality(AR),virtual reality(VR),and head up...A transparent display simultaneously enables visualization of the images displayed on it as well as the view behind it,and therefore can be applied to,for instance,augmented reality(AR),virtual reality(VR),and head up display(HUD).Many solutions have been proposed for this purpose.Recently,the idea of frequency-selective scattering of red,green and blue light while transmitting visible light of other colours to achieve transparent projection display has been proposed,by taking advantage of metallic nanoparticle’s localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).In this article,a review of the recent progress of frequency-selective scattering of red,green and blue light that are based on metallic nanoparticle’s LSPR is presented.A discussion of method for choosing appropriate metal(s)is first given,followed by the definition of a figure of merit used to quantify the performance of a designed nanoparticle structure.Selective scattering of various nanostructures,including sphere-shaped nanoparticles,ellipsoidal nanoparticles,super-sphere core-shell nanoparticles,metallic nanocubes,and metallic nanoparticles combined with gain materials,are discussed in detail.Each nanostructure has its own advantages and disadvantages,but the combination of the metallic nanoparticle with gain materials is a more promising way since it has the potential to generate ultra-sharp scattering peaks(i.e.,high frequency-selectivity).展开更多
Displays are one of the most indispensable electronic devices used in our daily lives.Over the past decades,display technology has evolved relentlessly,driven by innovation in materials,structures,and manufacturing pr...Displays are one of the most indispensable electronic devices used in our daily lives.Over the past decades,display technology has evolved relentlessly,driven by innovation in materials,structures,and manufacturing processes that have enabled higher image quality,larger screen size,slimmer form factor,and novel functionalities.The display market is currently dominated by liquid crystal displays(LCDs)and organic light-emitting diode(OLED)displays,but significant investment and research efforts are being directed toward emerging self-emissive display technologies,such as micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs),as well as unconventional applications such as transparent,deformable,and near-eye displays.This review article begins with a historical background of self-emissive display technology and an overview of the recent advances in organic-,quantum dot-,perovskite-,and micro-LED displays.We then critically review the current state of micro-LED technology,including its size-dependent performance issues,different types of mass transfer technologies,backplane interconnection techniques,methods for detection/repair of defective pixels,and emerging display applications,including transparent,deformable,and virtual and augmented reality(VR/AR)displays.展开更多
Transparent organic light-emitting diode(TrOLED)displays represent cutting-edge technology posed to significantly enhance user experience.This study addresses two pivotal challenges in TrOLED development.Firstly,we fo...Transparent organic light-emitting diode(TrOLED)displays represent cutting-edge technology posed to significantly enhance user experience.This study addresses two pivotal challenges in TrOLED development.Firstly,we focus on the innovation of transparent cathodes,a fundamental component in TrOLEDs,by introducing a ZnO/Yb:Ag cathode.This cathode employs a combination of seed layer and metal doping techniques to achieve a highly uniform surface morphology and a low surface energy barrier.The optimized Yb:Ag cathode on ZnO,with a mere thickness of 15 nm,exhibits remarkable properties:an extremely low surface roughness of 0.52 nm,sheet resistance of 11.6Ω γ^(-1),an optical transmittance of 86.7%at 510 nm,and tunable work function(here,optimized to be 3.86 eV),ensuring superior electron injection capability.Secondly,we propose a novel TrOLED pixel structure that features selective bidirectional viewing,allowing different types of information to be selectively displayed on each side while preserving overall transparency and minimizing pixel complexity.This design innovation distinguishes itself from conventional TrOLEDs that display images on only one side.The bidirectional TrOLED design not only enhances openness and esthetic appeal but also holds promise for diverse applications across various user environments.展开更多
Structural color materials,which generate colors through the interaction between light and nano-microstructures,have always been research hotspots in the fields of display,anticounterfeiting and stimuli-responsive mat...Structural color materials,which generate colors through the interaction between light and nano-microstructures,have always been research hotspots in the fields of display,anticounterfeiting and stimuli-responsive materials.Structural colors based on scattering have received increasing attention due to their wider viewing angles than that originating from the specular reflection of photonic crystals.However,the wide scattering spectrum of an amorphous structure leads to lower purity and brightness of the appeared colors.Few researchers have focused on the scattering of ordered structures due to their strong reflection and diffraction in the visible regions.In this work,by building ordered films(OFs)using SiO2 spheres(refractive index n=1.46)with a diameter of 300–500 nm,for the first time,sharp scattering spectra with narrow full width at half-maximum(FWHM,24 nm)were generated.Importantly,under ambient light,brilliant colors covering the entire visible region can be observed,and a formula was proposed to calculate the scattering spectra of OFs.Moreover,rainbow structural color was realized under irradiation of the nonparallel light,and full-spectrum structural color patterns were fabricated using building blocks with a single particle size by a spraying method.Finally,a composite structure was constructed to explore possibilities in the field of flexible transparent displays.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11904177 and 61704090)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20170908 and BK20170903)
文摘A patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal transparent display using one-time UV exposure is demonstrated.The device is fabricated by exposing the cell with a uniform UV light through a mask with selective attenuation of the UV light.The voltage-transmittance response of the device is different for the corresponding regions.Thus,three different states of total scattering,patterned transparent,and total transparent can be realized by controlling the applied voltages.The proposed device used in shutter mode as smart windows and in projected display mode is demonstrated,which shows great potential for smart windows with customized patterns or logos and has potential application in the field of projected transparent displays.
文摘A transparent display simultaneously enables visualization of the images displayed on it as well as the view behind it,and therefore can be applied to,for instance,augmented reality(AR),virtual reality(VR),and head up display(HUD).Many solutions have been proposed for this purpose.Recently,the idea of frequency-selective scattering of red,green and blue light while transmitting visible light of other colours to achieve transparent projection display has been proposed,by taking advantage of metallic nanoparticle’s localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).In this article,a review of the recent progress of frequency-selective scattering of red,green and blue light that are based on metallic nanoparticle’s LSPR is presented.A discussion of method for choosing appropriate metal(s)is first given,followed by the definition of a figure of merit used to quantify the performance of a designed nanoparticle structure.Selective scattering of various nanostructures,including sphere-shaped nanoparticles,ellipsoidal nanoparticles,super-sphere core-shell nanoparticles,metallic nanocubes,and metallic nanoparticles combined with gain materials,are discussed in detail.Each nanostructure has its own advantages and disadvantages,but the combination of the metallic nanoparticle with gain materials is a more promising way since it has the potential to generate ultra-sharp scattering peaks(i.e.,high frequency-selectivity).
基金supported by the Korean Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)grant funded by the Korean Government(MOTIE)(RS-2024-00435693,Human Resource Development Program for Industrial Innovation(Global))This research was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00346003,2022M3H4A3A01082883,2022M3H4A1A04096380).
文摘Displays are one of the most indispensable electronic devices used in our daily lives.Over the past decades,display technology has evolved relentlessly,driven by innovation in materials,structures,and manufacturing processes that have enabled higher image quality,larger screen size,slimmer form factor,and novel functionalities.The display market is currently dominated by liquid crystal displays(LCDs)and organic light-emitting diode(OLED)displays,but significant investment and research efforts are being directed toward emerging self-emissive display technologies,such as micro-light-emitting diodes(micro-LEDs),as well as unconventional applications such as transparent,deformable,and near-eye displays.This review article begins with a historical background of self-emissive display technology and an overview of the recent advances in organic-,quantum dot-,perovskite-,and micro-LED displays.We then critically review the current state of micro-LED technology,including its size-dependent performance issues,different types of mass transfer technologies,backplane interconnection techniques,methods for detection/repair of defective pixels,and emerging display applications,including transparent,deformable,and virtual and augmented reality(VR/AR)displays.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(NRF-2022R1A4A1028702,NRF-2022M3D1A2083618,and RS-2023-00241971)by the ICT Creative Consilience Program(ITP-2023-2020-0-01821)+1 种基金funded by the Ministry of Science,ICTFuture Planning,and by Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)(00418086,The Competency Development Programfor Industry Specialist).
文摘Transparent organic light-emitting diode(TrOLED)displays represent cutting-edge technology posed to significantly enhance user experience.This study addresses two pivotal challenges in TrOLED development.Firstly,we focus on the innovation of transparent cathodes,a fundamental component in TrOLEDs,by introducing a ZnO/Yb:Ag cathode.This cathode employs a combination of seed layer and metal doping techniques to achieve a highly uniform surface morphology and a low surface energy barrier.The optimized Yb:Ag cathode on ZnO,with a mere thickness of 15 nm,exhibits remarkable properties:an extremely low surface roughness of 0.52 nm,sheet resistance of 11.6Ω γ^(-1),an optical transmittance of 86.7%at 510 nm,and tunable work function(here,optimized to be 3.86 eV),ensuring superior electron injection capability.Secondly,we propose a novel TrOLED pixel structure that features selective bidirectional viewing,allowing different types of information to be selectively displayed on each side while preserving overall transparency and minimizing pixel complexity.This design innovation distinguishes itself from conventional TrOLEDs that display images on only one side.The bidirectional TrOLED design not only enhances openness and esthetic appeal but also holds promise for diverse applications across various user environments.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878042,21476040 and 21276040)the Fund for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Committee of Science(21421005)。
文摘Structural color materials,which generate colors through the interaction between light and nano-microstructures,have always been research hotspots in the fields of display,anticounterfeiting and stimuli-responsive materials.Structural colors based on scattering have received increasing attention due to their wider viewing angles than that originating from the specular reflection of photonic crystals.However,the wide scattering spectrum of an amorphous structure leads to lower purity and brightness of the appeared colors.Few researchers have focused on the scattering of ordered structures due to their strong reflection and diffraction in the visible regions.In this work,by building ordered films(OFs)using SiO2 spheres(refractive index n=1.46)with a diameter of 300–500 nm,for the first time,sharp scattering spectra with narrow full width at half-maximum(FWHM,24 nm)were generated.Importantly,under ambient light,brilliant colors covering the entire visible region can be observed,and a formula was proposed to calculate the scattering spectra of OFs.Moreover,rainbow structural color was realized under irradiation of the nonparallel light,and full-spectrum structural color patterns were fabricated using building blocks with a single particle size by a spraying method.Finally,a composite structure was constructed to explore possibilities in the field of flexible transparent displays.
