Definitions of the mechanical parameters entering the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom allowed us to calculate the time intervals connected with the electron transitions between the nearest-neighbouring energy levels i...Definitions of the mechanical parameters entering the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom allowed us to calculate the time intervals connected with the electron transitions between the nearest-neighbouring energy levels in the atom. This is done in a strictly non-probabilistic way. The time results are compared with those derived earlier on the basis of the classical Joule-Lenz law for the energy emission adapted to the case of the electron transfer in the quantum systems. A similar formalism has been next applied to the harmonic oscillator and a particle moving in the one-dimensional potential box.展开更多
Quantum aspects of the Joule-Lenz law for the transmission of energy allowed us to calculate the time rate of energy transitions between the quantum states of the hydrogen atom in a fully non-probabilistic way. The ca...Quantum aspects of the Joule-Lenz law for the transmission of energy allowed us to calculate the time rate of energy transitions between the quantum states of the hydrogen atom in a fully non-probabilistic way. The calculation has been extended to all transitions between p and s states having main quantum numbers not exceeding 6. An evident similarity between the intensity pattern obtained from the Joule-Lenz law and the corresponding quantum-mechanical transition pro-babilities has been shown.展开更多
The aim of the paper is to get an insight into the time interval of electron emission done between two neighbouring energy levels of the hydrogen atom. To this purpose, in the first step, the formulae of the special r...The aim of the paper is to get an insight into the time interval of electron emission done between two neighbouring energy levels of the hydrogen atom. To this purpose, in the first step, the formulae of the special relativity are applied to demonstrate the conditions which can annihilate the electrostatic force acting between the nucleus and electron in the atom. This result is obtained when a suitable electron speed entering the Lorentz transformation is combined with the strength of the magnetic field acting normally to the electron orbit in the atom. In the next step, the Maxwell equation characterizing the electromotive force is applied to calculate the time interval connected with the change of the magnetic field necessary to produce the force. It is shown that the time interval obtained from the Maxwell equation, multiplied by the energy change of two neighbouring energy levels considered in the atom, does satisfy the Joule-Lenz formula associated with the quantum electron energy emission rate between the levels.展开更多
Strata erosion is a widespread phenomenon in sedimentary basins.The generation,migration,and accumulation of hydrocarbon is influenced by the scale of erosion,so estimating the amount of erosion is essential in the an...Strata erosion is a widespread phenomenon in sedimentary basins.The generation,migration,and accumulation of hydrocarbon is influenced by the scale of erosion,so estimating the amount of erosion is essential in the analysis of oil and gas bearing basins.According to the geological features in the Subei Basin and the actual data,using the integrated method,we estimated the level of erosion at the unconformities caused by the Sanduo event.By using the mudstone interval transit time method and the vitrinite reflectance method on data from typical wells,it can be concluded that the Gaoyou,Jinhu,and Hongze depressions suffered strong strata erosion from the late Eocene to Oligocene,and the total strata erosion thickness was 300–1,100 m.Different tectonic units in the same depression have extremely uneven erosion intensity:the low convex regions have the maximum erosion thickness,amounting to 800–1,100 m;the slope regions have an erosion thickness of generally 600–800 m;the erosion thickness of the slope-hollow transition zone is 300–500 m.For the whole basin,we used the strata thickness trend analysis method combined with the interval transit time and vitrinite reflectance methods to estimate the erosion thickness in the Sanduo period.The results show that the most severe erosion of the Sanduo event in the Subei Basin is between 1,000 m to 1,200 m,mainly located in depressions around the Jianhu Uplift;the deep hollow area has the least erosion,generally about 300–600 m,and the erosion in the slope area is about 600–900 m.Compared with the northern part,the southern part has relatively little erosion.It is also proved that the Sanduo movement has heterogeneous intensity,and the western region has greater intensity than the eastern region.展开更多
The energy emitted by an electron in course of its transition between two quantum levels can be considered as a dissipated energy. This energy is obtained within a definite interval of time. The problem of the size of...The energy emitted by an electron in course of its transition between two quantum levels can be considered as a dissipated energy. This energy is obtained within a definite interval of time. The problem of the size of the time interval necessary for transitions is examined both on the ground of the quantum approach as well as classical electrodynamics. It is found that in fact the emission time approaches the time interval connected with acceleration of a classical velocity of the electron particle from one of its quantum levels to a neighbouring one.展开更多
This article introduces a consistency index for measuring the consistency level of an interval fuzzy preference relation（IFPR）.An approach is then proposed to construct an additive consistent IFPR from a given incon...This article introduces a consistency index for measuring the consistency level of an interval fuzzy preference relation（IFPR）.An approach is then proposed to construct an additive consistent IFPR from a given inconsistent IFPR.By using a weighted averaging method combining the original IFPR and the constructed consistent IFPR,a formula is put forward to repair an inconsistent IFPR to generate an IFPR with acceptable consistency.An iterative algorithm is subsequently developed to rectify an inconsistent IFPR and derive one with acceptable consistency and weak transitivity.The proposed approaches can not only improve consistency of IFPRs but also preserve the initial interval uncertainty information as much as possible.Numerical examples are presented to illustrate how to apply the proposed approaches.展开更多
文摘Definitions of the mechanical parameters entering the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom allowed us to calculate the time intervals connected with the electron transitions between the nearest-neighbouring energy levels in the atom. This is done in a strictly non-probabilistic way. The time results are compared with those derived earlier on the basis of the classical Joule-Lenz law for the energy emission adapted to the case of the electron transfer in the quantum systems. A similar formalism has been next applied to the harmonic oscillator and a particle moving in the one-dimensional potential box.
文摘Quantum aspects of the Joule-Lenz law for the transmission of energy allowed us to calculate the time rate of energy transitions between the quantum states of the hydrogen atom in a fully non-probabilistic way. The calculation has been extended to all transitions between p and s states having main quantum numbers not exceeding 6. An evident similarity between the intensity pattern obtained from the Joule-Lenz law and the corresponding quantum-mechanical transition pro-babilities has been shown.
文摘The aim of the paper is to get an insight into the time interval of electron emission done between two neighbouring energy levels of the hydrogen atom. To this purpose, in the first step, the formulae of the special relativity are applied to demonstrate the conditions which can annihilate the electrostatic force acting between the nucleus and electron in the atom. This result is obtained when a suitable electron speed entering the Lorentz transformation is combined with the strength of the magnetic field acting normally to the electron orbit in the atom. In the next step, the Maxwell equation characterizing the electromotive force is applied to calculate the time interval connected with the change of the magnetic field necessary to produce the force. It is shown that the time interval obtained from the Maxwell equation, multiplied by the energy change of two neighbouring energy levels considered in the atom, does satisfy the Joule-Lenz formula associated with the quantum electron energy emission rate between the levels.
文摘Strata erosion is a widespread phenomenon in sedimentary basins.The generation,migration,and accumulation of hydrocarbon is influenced by the scale of erosion,so estimating the amount of erosion is essential in the analysis of oil and gas bearing basins.According to the geological features in the Subei Basin and the actual data,using the integrated method,we estimated the level of erosion at the unconformities caused by the Sanduo event.By using the mudstone interval transit time method and the vitrinite reflectance method on data from typical wells,it can be concluded that the Gaoyou,Jinhu,and Hongze depressions suffered strong strata erosion from the late Eocene to Oligocene,and the total strata erosion thickness was 300–1,100 m.Different tectonic units in the same depression have extremely uneven erosion intensity:the low convex regions have the maximum erosion thickness,amounting to 800–1,100 m;the slope regions have an erosion thickness of generally 600–800 m;the erosion thickness of the slope-hollow transition zone is 300–500 m.For the whole basin,we used the strata thickness trend analysis method combined with the interval transit time and vitrinite reflectance methods to estimate the erosion thickness in the Sanduo period.The results show that the most severe erosion of the Sanduo event in the Subei Basin is between 1,000 m to 1,200 m,mainly located in depressions around the Jianhu Uplift;the deep hollow area has the least erosion,generally about 300–600 m,and the erosion in the slope area is about 600–900 m.Compared with the northern part,the southern part has relatively little erosion.It is also proved that the Sanduo movement has heterogeneous intensity,and the western region has greater intensity than the eastern region.
文摘The energy emitted by an electron in course of its transition between two quantum levels can be considered as a dissipated energy. This energy is obtained within a definite interval of time. The problem of the size of the time interval necessary for transitions is examined both on the ground of the quantum approach as well as classical electrodynamics. It is found that in fact the emission time approaches the time interval connected with acceleration of a classical velocity of the electron particle from one of its quantum levels to a neighbouring one.
基金partially supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (71271188,71272129,71301061,71471059)Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund(13YJC630120)+2 种基金National Social Science Fund Project(12AZD111)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC) under its Discovery Grant programthe Jiangsu ITO Strategy Research Base Grant
文摘This article introduces a consistency index for measuring the consistency level of an interval fuzzy preference relation（IFPR）.An approach is then proposed to construct an additive consistent IFPR from a given inconsistent IFPR.By using a weighted averaging method combining the original IFPR and the constructed consistent IFPR,a formula is put forward to repair an inconsistent IFPR to generate an IFPR with acceptable consistency.An iterative algorithm is subsequently developed to rectify an inconsistent IFPR and derive one with acceptable consistency and weak transitivity.The proposed approaches can not only improve consistency of IFPRs but also preserve the initial interval uncertainty information as much as possible.Numerical examples are presented to illustrate how to apply the proposed approaches.
