In coping with the global financial crisis, all levels of the Chinese government and foreign trade firms have not only created new practices but have also changed their goal from transforming the growth pattern of for...In coping with the global financial crisis, all levels of the Chinese government and foreign trade firms have not only created new practices but have also changed their goal from transforming the growth pattern of foreign trade to transforming the development pattern of joreign trade. China＇s experience shows that economic instruments such as Net Barter Terms of Trade （NBTT） and the smile curve theory have limitations when it comes to interpreting foreign trade. If used improperly, scientific theories often lead to.fallacies. Transjbrming the development pattern of China＇s .foreign trade requires the following changes： national income distribution, foreign trade competition, market exploration, and resource utilization. We advise that competent authorities create a reasonable and operational system of assessment indicators.展开更多
Objective： To study the effect of ligustrazine nanoparticles nano spray（LNNS） on transforming growth factor β（TGF-β）/Smad signal protein of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells（RPMC） induced by tumor necrosis fac...Objective： To study the effect of ligustrazine nanoparticles nano spray（LNNS） on transforming growth factor β（TGF-β）/Smad signal protein of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells（RPMC） induced by tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）, and the anti-adhesion mechanism of LNNS in the abdominal cavity. Methods： The primary culture and subculture of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells（RPMC） was processed by trypsin digestion method in vitro. The third generation was identified for experiment and divided into 5 groups： a blank group： RPMC without treatment; a control group： RPMC stimulated with TNF-α; RPMC treated by a low-dosage LNNS group（2.5 mg/L）; RPMC treated by a medium-dosage LNNS group（5 mg/L）; and RPMC treated by a high-dosage LNNS group（10 mg/L）. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was applied to test the expression of fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ（COL-Ⅰ）, TGF-β m RNA, and Western blot method to test the Smad protein 7 expression of RPMC. Results： Compared with the blank group, a significant elevation in fibronectin（FN）, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β m RNA expression of RPMC were observed in the control group（P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, LNNS suppressed the expressions of FN, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β m RNA in a concentrationdependent manner（P〈0.05）. The expression of Smad7 protein of RPMC was down-regulated by TNF-α stimulation, and up-regulated with the increase of LNNS dose（P〈0.05）. Conclusions： TNF-α may induce changes in RPMC＇s viability, leading to peritoneal injury. LNNS could reverse the induction of fibrosis related cytokine FN, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β, up-regulating the expression of Smad7 by TNF-α in RPMC, thus attenuate peritoneal injury by repairing mesothelial cells.展开更多
文摘In coping with the global financial crisis, all levels of the Chinese government and foreign trade firms have not only created new practices but have also changed their goal from transforming the growth pattern of foreign trade to transforming the development pattern of joreign trade. China＇s experience shows that economic instruments such as Net Barter Terms of Trade （NBTT） and the smile curve theory have limitations when it comes to interpreting foreign trade. If used improperly, scientific theories often lead to.fallacies. Transjbrming the development pattern of China＇s .foreign trade requires the following changes： national income distribution, foreign trade competition, market exploration, and resource utilization. We advise that competent authorities create a reasonable and operational system of assessment indicators.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373843)College Graduate Student Innovative Research Fund of Jiangsu Province,China(No.CXZZ13-0613)Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province,China(No.LZ13006)
文摘Objective： To study the effect of ligustrazine nanoparticles nano spray（LNNS） on transforming growth factor β（TGF-β）/Smad signal protein of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells（RPMC） induced by tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）, and the anti-adhesion mechanism of LNNS in the abdominal cavity. Methods： The primary culture and subculture of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells（RPMC） was processed by trypsin digestion method in vitro. The third generation was identified for experiment and divided into 5 groups： a blank group： RPMC without treatment; a control group： RPMC stimulated with TNF-α; RPMC treated by a low-dosage LNNS group（2.5 mg/L）; RPMC treated by a medium-dosage LNNS group（5 mg/L）; and RPMC treated by a high-dosage LNNS group（10 mg/L）. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was applied to test the expression of fibronectin, collagen Ⅰ（COL-Ⅰ）, TGF-β m RNA, and Western blot method to test the Smad protein 7 expression of RPMC. Results： Compared with the blank group, a significant elevation in fibronectin（FN）, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β m RNA expression of RPMC were observed in the control group（P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, LNNS suppressed the expressions of FN, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β m RNA in a concentrationdependent manner（P〈0.05）. The expression of Smad7 protein of RPMC was down-regulated by TNF-α stimulation, and up-regulated with the increase of LNNS dose（P〈0.05）. Conclusions： TNF-α may induce changes in RPMC＇s viability, leading to peritoneal injury. LNNS could reverse the induction of fibrosis related cytokine FN, COL-Ⅰ and TGF-β, up-regulating the expression of Smad7 by TNF-α in RPMC, thus attenuate peritoneal injury by repairing mesothelial cells.
