Gradient coil is an essential component of a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scanner.To achieve high spatial resolution and imaging speed,a high-efficiency gradient coil with high slew rate is required.In consideration...Gradient coil is an essential component of a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scanner.To achieve high spatial resolution and imaging speed,a high-efficiency gradient coil with high slew rate is required.In consideration of the safety and comfort of the patient,the mechanical stability,acoustic noise and peripheral nerve stimulation(PNS)are also need to be concerned for practical use.In our previous work,a high-efficiency whole-body gradient coil set with a hybrid cylindrical-planar structure has been presented,which offers significantly improved coil performances.In this work,we propose to design this transverse gradient coil system with transformed magnetic gradient fields.By shifting up the zero point of gradient fields,the designed new Y-gradient coil could provide enhanced electromagnetic performances.With more uniform coil winding arrangement,the net torque of the new coil is significantly reduced and the generated sound pressure level(SPL)is lower at most tested frequency bands.On the other hand,the new transverse gradient coil designed with rotated magnetic gradient fields produces considerably reduced electric field in the human body,which is important for the use of rapid MR sequences.It's demonstrated that a safer and patient-friendly design could be obtained by using transformed magnetic gradient fields,which is critical for practical use.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)significantly improve the survival of patients with Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)sensitive mutations in non-small cell lung can...BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)significantly improve the survival of patients with Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)sensitive mutations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female patient in advanced lung adenocarcinoma suffered from drug resistance after EGFR-TKIs treatment.Secondary pathological tissue biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)transformation.Patients inevitably encountered drug resistance issues after receiving EGFR-TKIs treatment for a certain period of time,while EGFR-TKIs can significantly improve the survival of patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations in NSCLC.Notably,EGFR-TKIs resistance includes primary and acquired.Pathological transformation is one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance in EGFR-TKIs,with SCC transformation being relatively rare.Our results provide more detailed results of the patient’s diagnosis and treatment process on SCC transformation after EGFR-TKIs treatment for lung adenocarcinoma.CONCLUSION Squamous cell carcinoma transformation is one of the acquired resistance mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)based on sulfide electrolytes promise next-generation energy storage with high energy density and safety.However,the sulfide electrolytes suffer from phase instability and slug...All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)based on sulfide electrolytes promise next-generation energy storage with high energy density and safety.However,the sulfide electrolytes suffer from phase instability and sluggish interfacial charge transport when pairing with layered oxide cathodes at high voltages.Herein,a simple and efficient strategy is proposed using two-dimensional Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene as starting material to in-situ construct a 15 nm Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer on a typical oxide cathode,LiCoO_(2).The in-situ transformation of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)into Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer occurs at a low temperature of 500℃,avoiding the phase deterioration of LiCoO_(2).The thin Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer is Li^(+)conducting and electrochemically stable,thereby preventing the interfacial decomposition of sulfide electrolytes induced by LiCoO_(2) at high voltages and facilitating Li+transport at the interface.Moreover,Li_(2)TiO_(3) can stabilize the layer structure of LiCoO_(2) at high voltages.Consequently,the sulfide-based ASSLB using LiCoO_(2)@Li_(2)TiO_(3) cathode can operate stably at a high voltage of up to 4.5 V(vs.Li+/Li),delivering an outstanding initial specific discharge capacity of 138.8 m Ah/g with a high capacity retention of 86.2% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.The in-situ transformation strategy may also apply to other MXenes,offering a general approach for constructing other advanced lithiated coatings for oxide cathodes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication treatment for primary gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma has already been established.However,t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 translocation-positive...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication treatment for primary gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma has already been established.However,t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 translocation-positive lesions are a type of primary gastric MALT lymphoma in which a response to eradication treatment is difficult to achieve.In addition,trisomy 18 may be associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)transformation of gastric MALT lymphoma.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with MALT lymphoma in the ascending colon by colonoscopy and biopsy.Two years later,esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed chronic atrophic gastritis that was positive for H.pylori,and eradication treatment was administered.Two years and nine months later(at the age of 70),a new ulcerative lesion suggestive of MALT lymphoma appeared in the gastric body,and six months later,a similar lesion was also found in the fundus.One year later(4 years and 3 months after H.pylori eradication),at the age of 72,the lesion in the gastric body had become deeper and had propagated.A biopsy revealed a pathological diagnosis of DLBCL.Both MALT lymphoma lesions in the ascending colon and DLBCL lesions in the stomach were positive for the t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 translocation,and trisomy 18q21 was also detected.After 6 courses of R-CHOP(rituximab,cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisone)chemotherapy,all of the above lesions disappeared[complete remission(CR)],and CR has been maintained for more than 3 years.In addition,both the colonic and gastric lesions were proven to have the same clonality.CONCLUSION Because the patient had a MALT1 translocation with trisomy 18q21,it was thought that this gastric MALT lymphoma developed independently of H.pylori infection and progressed.展开更多
The probability distributions of wave characteristics from three groups of sampled ocean data with different significant wave heights have been analyzed using two transformation functions estimated by non-parametric a...The probability distributions of wave characteristics from three groups of sampled ocean data with different significant wave heights have been analyzed using two transformation functions estimated by non-parametric and parametric methods. The marginal wave characteristic distribution and the joint density of wave properties have been calculated using the two transformations, with the results and accuracy of both transformations presented here. The two transformations deviate slightly between each other for the calculation of the crest and trough height marginal wave distributions, as well as the joint densities of wave amplitude with other wave properties. The transformation methods for the calculation of the wave crest and trough height distributions are shown to provide good agreement with real ocean data. Our work will help in the determination of the most appropriate transformation procedure for the prediction of extreme values.展开更多
Similarity measure is an essential tool to compare and determine the degree of similarity between intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). In this paper, a new similarity measure between intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on th...Similarity measure is an essential tool to compare and determine the degree of similarity between intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). In this paper, a new similarity measure between intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on the mid points of transformed triangular fuzzy numbers is proposed. The proposed similarity measure provides reasonable results not only for the sets available in the literature but also gives very reasonable results, especially for fuzzy sets as well as for most intuitionistic fuzzy sets. To provide supportive evidence, the proposed similarity measure is tested on certain sets available in literature and is also applied to pattern recognition and medical diagnosis problems. It is observed that the proposed similarity measure provides a very intuitive quantification.展开更多
Reliability allocation of computerized numerical controlled（CNC）lathes is very important in industry.Traditional allocation methods only focus on high-failure rate components rather than moderate failure rate compon...Reliability allocation of computerized numerical controlled（CNC）lathes is very important in industry.Traditional allocation methods only focus on high-failure rate components rather than moderate failure rate components,which is not applicable in some conditions.Aiming at solving the problem of CNC lathes reliability allocating,a comprehensive reliability allocation method based on cubic transformed functions of failure modes and effects analysis（FMEA）is presented.Firstly,conventional reliability allocation methods are introduced.Then the limitations of direct combination of comprehensive allocation method with the exponential transformed FMEA method are investigated.Subsequently,a cubic transformed function is established in order to overcome these limitations.Properties of the new transformed functions are discussed by considering the failure severity and the failure occurrence.Designers can choose appropriate transform amplitudes according to their requirements.Finally,a CNC lathe and a spindle system are used as an example to verify the new allocation method.Seven criteria are considered to compare the results of the new method with traditional methods.The allocation results indicate that the new method is more flexible than traditional methods.By employing the new cubic transformed function,the method covers a wider range of problems in CNC reliability allocation without losing the advantages of traditional methods.展开更多
Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is the most common form of lung cancer which remains the deadliest malignancy worldwide(Siegel et al.,2019).In general,NSCLC can be divided into several subtypes,including adenocarcino...Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is the most common form of lung cancer which remains the deadliest malignancy worldwide(Siegel et al.,2019).In general,NSCLC can be divided into several subtypes,including adenocarcinoma(ADC),squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),adeno-squamous cell carcinoma(AD-SCC)and large cell carcinoma(LCC).展开更多
Locality preserving projection （LPP） is a typical and popular dimensionality reduction （DR） method,and it can potentially find discriminative projection directions by preserving the local geometric structure in da...Locality preserving projection （LPP） is a typical and popular dimensionality reduction （DR） method,and it can potentially find discriminative projection directions by preserving the local geometric structure in data. However,LPP is based on the neighborhood graph artificially constructed from the original data,and the performance of LPP relies on how well the nearest neighbor criterion work in the original space. To address this issue,a novel DR algorithm,called the self-dependent LPP （sdLPP） is proposed. And it is based on the fact that the nearest neighbor criterion usually achieves better performance in LPP transformed space than that in the original space. Firstly,LPP is performed based on the typical neighborhood graph; then,a new neighborhood graph is constructed in LPP transformed space and repeats LPP. Furthermore,a new criterion,called the improved Laplacian score,is developed as an empirical reference for the discriminative power and the iterative termination. Finally,the feasibility and the effectiveness of the method are verified by several publicly available UCI and face data sets with promising results.展开更多
During the course of malignant transformation of mammalian cells in vitro,a regular varia-tion in chromosome number and structure is usually found.In order to elucidate the rela-tionship between chromosomal changes an...During the course of malignant transformation of mammalian cells in vitro,a regular varia-tion in chromosome number and structure is usually found.In order to elucidate the rela-tionship between chromosomal changes and maligannt expression,we isolated fire clonesfrom a malignant transformed Syrian hamster fibroblast cell line and analyzed their biologicalcharacteristics,as well as chromosomal changes.A positive correlation betweetn chromosomeNo 15 monosomy and the transformed and malignant phenotype was observed.We suggestthat a suppression gene may be located on chromosome No 15,and its deletion or the lossof the chromosome may result in expression of the malignant phenotype.展开更多
This paper first proposes a new approach for predicting the nonlinear wave trough distributions by utilizing a transformed linear simulation method. The linear simulation method is transformed based on a Hermite trans...This paper first proposes a new approach for predicting the nonlinear wave trough distributions by utilizing a transformed linear simulation method. The linear simulation method is transformed based on a Hermite transformation model where the transformation is chosen to be a monotonic cubic polynomial and calibrated such that the first four moments of the transformed model match the moments of the true process. The proposed new approach is applied for calculating the wave trough distributions of a nonlinear sea state with the surface elevation data measured at the coast of Yura in the Japan Sea, and its accuracy and efficiency are convincingly validated by comparisons with the results from two theoretical distribution models, from a linear simulation model and a secondorder nonlinear simulation model. Finally, it is further demonstrated in this paper that the new approach can be applied to all the situations characterized by similar nondimensional spectrum.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the mechanism of carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Methods： The expressions of adhesive molecule and adhesive structure in v-k-ras transformed normal rat kidney cells （KNRK） were d...Objective： To investigate the mechanism of carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Methods： The expressions of adhesive molecule and adhesive structure in v-k-ras transformed normal rat kidney cells （KNRK） were detected with a variety of molecular biological techniques, including cell culture, immunofluorescence labeling, electron microscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and protein blotting, and compared with normal rat kidney （NRK） cells. Results： The significantly shortened doubling time, remarkably active proliferation ability in soft agar, and invasive growth in the abdomen of nude rat, demonstrated the malignant biological behaviors of KNRK cells. In KNRK cells, the adhesive molecules, P-cadherin, α and β catenin, actin, and adhesive structures, the adhesive junction and gap junction, were all abnormally expressed. And cell aggregation was significantly decreased. The aggregation ability disappeared at 20℃, and became active with a suitable amount of calcium solution. Conclusion： Following the transfection of virus K-ras gene, normal cells were transformed into malignant cells. In early stage of cancer, the variation of adhesive ability may be one of the vital factors underlying tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis.展开更多
There is a Poisson inverse problem in biomedical imaging,fluorescence microscopy and so on.Since the observed measurements are damaged by a linear operator and further destroyed by Poisson noise,recovering the approxi...There is a Poisson inverse problem in biomedical imaging,fluorescence microscopy and so on.Since the observed measurements are damaged by a linear operator and further destroyed by Poisson noise,recovering the approximate original image is difficult.Motivated by the decouple scheme and the variance-stabilizing transformation(VST)strategy,we propose a method of transformed convolutional neural network(CNN)to restore the observed image.In the network,the Conv-layers play the role of a linear inverse filter and the distribution transformation simultaneously.Furthermore,there is no batch normalization(BN)layer in the residual block of the network,which is devoted to tackling with the non-Gaussian recovery procedure.The proposed method is compared with state-of-the-art Poisson deblurring algorithms,and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
The cascade reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation provides an attractive mechanism to regulate the metabolism and growth of normal and transformed cells. Thus, considerable effort has been made to identify the cellular...The cascade reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation provides an attractive mechanism to regulate the metabolism and growth of normal and transformed cells. Thus, considerable effort has been made to identify the cellular substrates of the tyrosine kinases. In this work, the activity of the Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and endogenous substrate in transformed lymphocytes were studied. Purified human T lymphocytes incubated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 72 hours served as transformed cells, when labeled with [32P] - orthophosphate it appeared that the insulin-dependent protein kinase activity in the transformed cells increased 9- fold. In search for the physiologically significant substrates by using polyclonal antiphosphotyrosine antibody to immunoprecipitate phosphotyrosine-containing proteins that produced in the intact cell during insulin stimulation, a protein with molecular weight of 45kDa as identified and designated as PP45, which occurred during the 5 minutes response of lymphocytes to insulin.展开更多
Non-convex methods play a critical role in low-rank tensor completion for their approximation to tensor rank is tighter than that of convex methods.But they usually cost much more time for calculating singular values ...Non-convex methods play a critical role in low-rank tensor completion for their approximation to tensor rank is tighter than that of convex methods.But they usually cost much more time for calculating singular values of large tensors.In this paper,we propose a double transformed tubal nuclear norm(DTTNN)to replace the rank norm penalty in low rank tensor completion(LRTC)tasks.DTTNN turns the original non-convex penalty of a large tensor into two convex penalties of much smaller tensors,and it is shown to be an equivalent transformation.Therefore,DTTNN could take advantage of non-convex envelopes while saving time.Experimental results on color image and video inpainting tasks verify the effectiveness of DTTNN compared with state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
Genetic transformation experiments of the different explants from Citrus grandis cv. Changshou Shatian You infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes were carried out in darkness or in light. The optimizing culture system...Genetic transformation experiments of the different explants from Citrus grandis cv. Changshou Shatian You infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes were carried out in darkness or in light. The optimizing culture system of Ri T-DNA transformed roots for C. grandis cv. Changshou Shatian You was constructed as follows： After the ventral wounded striations on the single activation cotyledon were inoculated by A. rhizogenes A4 （logarithmic period）, they were cocultured at （25 ±2）℃ in darkness for 25-30 days; some transformed roots were generated from wounded striations of most cotyledons. The genetically transformed ratio is （83 ± 11）%. Axenic Ri T-DNA transformed roots （hairy roots） were harvested after five subcultures. Explants were activated on MT medium. The MS medium was used for subculture of transformed roots. Mass Ri T-DNA transformed roots in which the hormone was produced independently were harvested from this optimizing culture system. White, fresh Ri T-DNA transformed roots were （1.14 ±0.07） cm long, （0.73 ±0.04） mm wide, and the growth direction of transformed roots was negative geotropism.展开更多
For electronic microscopic observation, we found SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells were different from non-transformed cells. In SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells nuclei cytoplasma ratio was increased and in cytoplasma the ri...For electronic microscopic observation, we found SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells were different from non-transformed cells. In SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells nuclei cytoplasma ratio was increased and in cytoplasma the ribosomes (polyribosomes were attached to the swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum. It was likely that ribosomes were lined together functionally and structionally to produce specific protein (PDGF-like protein).展开更多
The hormone defined serum free conditioned medium (SFCM) of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelioid cell line (CNE1) was assayed by both the 3H-thymidine incorporation test and the soft agar test. It was found that...The hormone defined serum free conditioned medium (SFCM) of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelioid cell line (CNE1) was assayed by both the 3H-thymidine incorporation test and the soft agar test. It was found that the SFCM stimulated the growth of long-term serum-free cultured CNE4 cells in ac-cordence with the fact that the growth rate of long-term serum-free cultured CNE1 cells was directly proportional to the plating density. Alternatively 5% SFCM inhibited the growth of short-term serum-free cultured CNE4 cells by 51% in which the indicator cell remained the responsiveness state of growing in the serum-supplemented medium to the effector of interest. Furthermore, SFCM resulted in the inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of CNE4 cells and A431 cells. Also in soft agar test. SFCM reduced the colony formation of NRK(?),9F cells in the presence of EGF or EGF plus TGF-β. These finding suggested that CNE4 secreted autocrine growth stimulating factor(s) and growth inhibiting factor(s) in the serum-free medium, the latter strongly reverse malignant phenotypes of CNE4 and A431 cells in serum-supplemented surrounding.展开更多
We have demonstrated that the distribution of microtubules (MT), mlcrofilaments (MF) and fibronectin (FN) were diminished, while the gene expression of the calmodulin and c- fos enhanced in the transformed C3H10T1/2 c...We have demonstrated that the distribution of microtubules (MT), mlcrofilaments (MF) and fibronectin (FN) were diminished, while the gene expression of the calmodulin and c- fos enhanced in the transformed C3H10T1/2 cells. After treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 1 hour and 2 hours, there was an early and repldly reduced in gene expression of Calmodulin and c-fos respectively. After db-cAMP treatment for 4 -5 days, the number of capping cells of ConA binding decreased significantly and the cell surface microvllll decreased as well. The growth of treated cells was inhibited markedly. By using 4F1 cDNA probe, which is preferentially expressed In G1 phase, we have found that the db- cAMP treated cells were accumulated at G1 phase. Of particular interest is the fact that the distribution of microtubules, mlcrofilaments and fibronectln were recovered after treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 6 days. It is suggested that the Inhibition of proliferation, alteration, of phenotype and reco- very of cytoskeleton is transformed cells after treatment with db-cAMP are related to the Inhibition of gene expression of Calmodulin.展开更多
An Ha-ras oncogene was isolated from a cell line of gastric carcinoma called BGE-823 in order to elucidate genetic control and the influence of DNA sequences. The oncogene was cloned and identified as a single nucleot...An Ha-ras oncogene was isolated from a cell line of gastric carcinoma called BGE-823 in order to elucidate genetic control and the influence of DNA sequences. The oncogene was cloned and identified as a single nucleotide substitution of thymine for guanine in the 12th codon through the sequencing of its first axon. We compared the differences of expression and regulation between the transformed Ha-ras cells and untransformed parent cells. Data indicated that the expression of Ha-ras in the transformed cells was five-fold higher than in the untransformed cells and that the Ha-ras gene in the former was hypersensitive toward DNase I. In addition, a nuclear protein of 35 kilodaltons bound strongly to the 2.5 Kb fragment located upstream of the 6.6 Kb Ha-ras gene and contained a CC rich region. These results suggest that there might be another mechanism of activation for the ras gene besides point mutation.展开更多
基金supported by the Instrument Developing Project of Magnetic Resonance Union of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.2022GZL002.
文摘Gradient coil is an essential component of a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scanner.To achieve high spatial resolution and imaging speed,a high-efficiency gradient coil with high slew rate is required.In consideration of the safety and comfort of the patient,the mechanical stability,acoustic noise and peripheral nerve stimulation(PNS)are also need to be concerned for practical use.In our previous work,a high-efficiency whole-body gradient coil set with a hybrid cylindrical-planar structure has been presented,which offers significantly improved coil performances.In this work,we propose to design this transverse gradient coil system with transformed magnetic gradient fields.By shifting up the zero point of gradient fields,the designed new Y-gradient coil could provide enhanced electromagnetic performances.With more uniform coil winding arrangement,the net torque of the new coil is significantly reduced and the generated sound pressure level(SPL)is lower at most tested frequency bands.On the other hand,the new transverse gradient coil designed with rotated magnetic gradient fields produces considerably reduced electric field in the human body,which is important for the use of rapid MR sequences.It's demonstrated that a safer and patient-friendly design could be obtained by using transformed magnetic gradient fields,which is critical for practical use.
文摘BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)significantly improve the survival of patients with Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)sensitive mutations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female patient in advanced lung adenocarcinoma suffered from drug resistance after EGFR-TKIs treatment.Secondary pathological tissue biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)transformation.Patients inevitably encountered drug resistance issues after receiving EGFR-TKIs treatment for a certain period of time,while EGFR-TKIs can significantly improve the survival of patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations in NSCLC.Notably,EGFR-TKIs resistance includes primary and acquired.Pathological transformation is one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance in EGFR-TKIs,with SCC transformation being relatively rare.Our results provide more detailed results of the patient’s diagnosis and treatment process on SCC transformation after EGFR-TKIs treatment for lung adenocarcinoma.CONCLUSION Squamous cell carcinoma transformation is one of the acquired resistance mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201242,52250010)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20200386,BK20200186)+1 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2021QNRC001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2242022R40018)。
文摘All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)based on sulfide electrolytes promise next-generation energy storage with high energy density and safety.However,the sulfide electrolytes suffer from phase instability and sluggish interfacial charge transport when pairing with layered oxide cathodes at high voltages.Herein,a simple and efficient strategy is proposed using two-dimensional Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene as starting material to in-situ construct a 15 nm Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer on a typical oxide cathode,LiCoO_(2).The in-situ transformation of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)into Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer occurs at a low temperature of 500℃,avoiding the phase deterioration of LiCoO_(2).The thin Li_(2)TiO_(3) layer is Li^(+)conducting and electrochemically stable,thereby preventing the interfacial decomposition of sulfide electrolytes induced by LiCoO_(2) at high voltages and facilitating Li+transport at the interface.Moreover,Li_(2)TiO_(3) can stabilize the layer structure of LiCoO_(2) at high voltages.Consequently,the sulfide-based ASSLB using LiCoO_(2)@Li_(2)TiO_(3) cathode can operate stably at a high voltage of up to 4.5 V(vs.Li+/Li),delivering an outstanding initial specific discharge capacity of 138.8 m Ah/g with a high capacity retention of 86.2% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.The in-situ transformation strategy may also apply to other MXenes,offering a general approach for constructing other advanced lithiated coatings for oxide cathodes.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication treatment for primary gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma has already been established.However,t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 translocation-positive lesions are a type of primary gastric MALT lymphoma in which a response to eradication treatment is difficult to achieve.In addition,trisomy 18 may be associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)transformation of gastric MALT lymphoma.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with MALT lymphoma in the ascending colon by colonoscopy and biopsy.Two years later,esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed chronic atrophic gastritis that was positive for H.pylori,and eradication treatment was administered.Two years and nine months later(at the age of 70),a new ulcerative lesion suggestive of MALT lymphoma appeared in the gastric body,and six months later,a similar lesion was also found in the fundus.One year later(4 years and 3 months after H.pylori eradication),at the age of 72,the lesion in the gastric body had become deeper and had propagated.A biopsy revealed a pathological diagnosis of DLBCL.Both MALT lymphoma lesions in the ascending colon and DLBCL lesions in the stomach were positive for the t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 translocation,and trisomy 18q21 was also detected.After 6 courses of R-CHOP(rituximab,cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisone)chemotherapy,all of the above lesions disappeared[complete remission(CR)],and CR has been maintained for more than 3 years.In addition,both the colonic and gastric lesions were proven to have the same clonality.CONCLUSION Because the patient had a MALT1 translocation with trisomy 18q21,it was thought that this gastric MALT lymphoma developed independently of H.pylori infection and progressed.
基金Supported by the Marine Engineering Equipment Scientific Research Project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRCthe National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2016ZX05057020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51809067)
文摘The probability distributions of wave characteristics from three groups of sampled ocean data with different significant wave heights have been analyzed using two transformation functions estimated by non-parametric and parametric methods. The marginal wave characteristic distribution and the joint density of wave properties have been calculated using the two transformations, with the results and accuracy of both transformations presented here. The two transformations deviate slightly between each other for the calculation of the crest and trough height marginal wave distributions, as well as the joint densities of wave amplitude with other wave properties. The transformation methods for the calculation of the wave crest and trough height distributions are shown to provide good agreement with real ocean data. Our work will help in the determination of the most appropriate transformation procedure for the prediction of extreme values.
文摘Similarity measure is an essential tool to compare and determine the degree of similarity between intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). In this paper, a new similarity measure between intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on the mid points of transformed triangular fuzzy numbers is proposed. The proposed similarity measure provides reasonable results not only for the sets available in the literature but also gives very reasonable results, especially for fuzzy sets as well as for most intuitionistic fuzzy sets. To provide supportive evidence, the proposed similarity measure is tested on certain sets available in literature and is also applied to pattern recognition and medical diagnosis problems. It is observed that the proposed similarity measure provides a very intuitive quantification.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51135003,51205050,U1234208)Key National Science & Technology Special Project on"High-Grade CNC Machine Tools and Basic Manufacturing Equipments"(Grant No.2013ZX04011011)+1 种基金Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20110042120020)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
文摘Reliability allocation of computerized numerical controlled（CNC）lathes is very important in industry.Traditional allocation methods only focus on high-failure rate components rather than moderate failure rate components,which is not applicable in some conditions.Aiming at solving the problem of CNC lathes reliability allocating,a comprehensive reliability allocation method based on cubic transformed functions of failure modes and effects analysis（FMEA）is presented.Firstly,conventional reliability allocation methods are introduced.Then the limitations of direct combination of comprehensive allocation method with the exponential transformed FMEA method are investigated.Subsequently,a cubic transformed function is established in order to overcome these limitations.Properties of the new transformed functions are discussed by considering the failure severity and the failure occurrence.Designers can choose appropriate transform amplitudes according to their requirements.Finally,a CNC lathe and a spindle system are used as an example to verify the new allocation method.Seven criteria are considered to compare the results of the new method with traditional methods.The allocation results indicate that the new method is more flexible than traditional methods.By employing the new cubic transformed function,the method covers a wider range of problems in CNC reliability allocation without losing the advantages of traditional methods.
文摘Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is the most common form of lung cancer which remains the deadliest malignancy worldwide(Siegel et al.,2019).In general,NSCLC can be divided into several subtypes,including adenocarcinoma(ADC),squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),adeno-squamous cell carcinoma(AD-SCC)and large cell carcinoma(LCC).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60973097)the Scientific Research Foundation of Liaocheng University(X0810029)~~
文摘Locality preserving projection （LPP） is a typical and popular dimensionality reduction （DR） method,and it can potentially find discriminative projection directions by preserving the local geometric structure in data. However,LPP is based on the neighborhood graph artificially constructed from the original data,and the performance of LPP relies on how well the nearest neighbor criterion work in the original space. To address this issue,a novel DR algorithm,called the self-dependent LPP （sdLPP） is proposed. And it is based on the fact that the nearest neighbor criterion usually achieves better performance in LPP transformed space than that in the original space. Firstly,LPP is performed based on the typical neighborhood graph; then,a new neighborhood graph is constructed in LPP transformed space and repeats LPP. Furthermore,a new criterion,called the improved Laplacian score,is developed as an empirical reference for the discriminative power and the iterative termination. Finally,the feasibility and the effectiveness of the method are verified by several publicly available UCI and face data sets with promising results.
文摘During the course of malignant transformation of mammalian cells in vitro,a regular varia-tion in chromosome number and structure is usually found.In order to elucidate the rela-tionship between chromosomal changes and maligannt expression,we isolated fire clonesfrom a malignant transformed Syrian hamster fibroblast cell line and analyzed their biologicalcharacteristics,as well as chromosomal changes.A positive correlation betweetn chromosomeNo 15 monosomy and the transformed and malignant phenotype was observed.We suggestthat a suppression gene may be located on chromosome No 15,and its deletion or the lossof the chromosome may result in expression of the malignant phenotype.
基金financially supported by the Major Project of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance of China(Grant No.GKZY010004)
文摘This paper first proposes a new approach for predicting the nonlinear wave trough distributions by utilizing a transformed linear simulation method. The linear simulation method is transformed based on a Hermite transformation model where the transformation is chosen to be a monotonic cubic polynomial and calibrated such that the first four moments of the transformed model match the moments of the true process. The proposed new approach is applied for calculating the wave trough distributions of a nonlinear sea state with the surface elevation data measured at the coast of Yura in the Japan Sea, and its accuracy and efficiency are convincingly validated by comparisons with the results from two theoretical distribution models, from a linear simulation model and a secondorder nonlinear simulation model. Finally, it is further demonstrated in this paper that the new approach can be applied to all the situations characterized by similar nondimensional spectrum.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 30371624).
文摘Objective： To investigate the mechanism of carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Methods： The expressions of adhesive molecule and adhesive structure in v-k-ras transformed normal rat kidney cells （KNRK） were detected with a variety of molecular biological techniques, including cell culture, immunofluorescence labeling, electron microscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and protein blotting, and compared with normal rat kidney （NRK） cells. Results： The significantly shortened doubling time, remarkably active proliferation ability in soft agar, and invasive growth in the abdomen of nude rat, demonstrated the malignant biological behaviors of KNRK cells. In KNRK cells, the adhesive molecules, P-cadherin, α and β catenin, actin, and adhesive structures, the adhesive junction and gap junction, were all abnormally expressed. And cell aggregation was significantly decreased. The aggregation ability disappeared at 20℃, and became active with a suitable amount of calcium solution. Conclusion： Following the transfection of virus K-ras gene, normal cells were transformed into malignant cells. In early stage of cancer, the variation of adhesive ability may be one of the vital factors underlying tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61661031)。
文摘There is a Poisson inverse problem in biomedical imaging,fluorescence microscopy and so on.Since the observed measurements are damaged by a linear operator and further destroyed by Poisson noise,recovering the approximate original image is difficult.Motivated by the decouple scheme and the variance-stabilizing transformation(VST)strategy,we propose a method of transformed convolutional neural network(CNN)to restore the observed image.In the network,the Conv-layers play the role of a linear inverse filter and the distribution transformation simultaneously.Furthermore,there is no batch normalization(BN)layer in the residual block of the network,which is devoted to tackling with the non-Gaussian recovery procedure.The proposed method is compared with state-of-the-art Poisson deblurring algorithms,and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the method.
文摘The cascade reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation provides an attractive mechanism to regulate the metabolism and growth of normal and transformed cells. Thus, considerable effort has been made to identify the cellular substrates of the tyrosine kinases. In this work, the activity of the Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and endogenous substrate in transformed lymphocytes were studied. Purified human T lymphocytes incubated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 72 hours served as transformed cells, when labeled with [32P] - orthophosphate it appeared that the insulin-dependent protein kinase activity in the transformed cells increased 9- fold. In search for the physiologically significant substrates by using polyclonal antiphosphotyrosine antibody to immunoprecipitate phosphotyrosine-containing proteins that produced in the intact cell during insulin stimulation, a protein with molecular weight of 45kDa as identified and designated as PP45, which occurred during the 5 minutes response of lymphocytes to insulin.
基金financially supported by the National Nautral Science Foundation of China(No.61703206)
文摘Non-convex methods play a critical role in low-rank tensor completion for their approximation to tensor rank is tighter than that of convex methods.But they usually cost much more time for calculating singular values of large tensors.In this paper,we propose a double transformed tubal nuclear norm(DTTNN)to replace the rank norm penalty in low rank tensor completion(LRTC)tasks.DTTNN turns the original non-convex penalty of a large tensor into two convex penalties of much smaller tensors,and it is shown to be an equivalent transformation.Therefore,DTTNN could take advantage of non-convex envelopes while saving time.Experimental results on color image and video inpainting tasks verify the effectiveness of DTTNN compared with state-of-the-art methods.
基金The research was supported by the Science Fund of China Post Ph.D （2003034492）Science Foundation of Chongqing Educational Committee （040216）, China.
文摘Genetic transformation experiments of the different explants from Citrus grandis cv. Changshou Shatian You infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes were carried out in darkness or in light. The optimizing culture system of Ri T-DNA transformed roots for C. grandis cv. Changshou Shatian You was constructed as follows： After the ventral wounded striations on the single activation cotyledon were inoculated by A. rhizogenes A4 （logarithmic period）, they were cocultured at （25 ±2）℃ in darkness for 25-30 days; some transformed roots were generated from wounded striations of most cotyledons. The genetically transformed ratio is （83 ± 11）%. Axenic Ri T-DNA transformed roots （hairy roots） were harvested after five subcultures. Explants were activated on MT medium. The MS medium was used for subculture of transformed roots. Mass Ri T-DNA transformed roots in which the hormone was produced independently were harvested from this optimizing culture system. White, fresh Ri T-DNA transformed roots were （1.14 ±0.07） cm long, （0.73 ±0.04） mm wide, and the growth direction of transformed roots was negative geotropism.
文摘For electronic microscopic observation, we found SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells were different from non-transformed cells. In SSV-transformed NIH 3T3 cells nuclei cytoplasma ratio was increased and in cytoplasma the ribosomes (polyribosomes were attached to the swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum. It was likely that ribosomes were lined together functionally and structionally to produce specific protein (PDGF-like protein).
文摘The hormone defined serum free conditioned medium (SFCM) of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelioid cell line (CNE1) was assayed by both the 3H-thymidine incorporation test and the soft agar test. It was found that the SFCM stimulated the growth of long-term serum-free cultured CNE4 cells in ac-cordence with the fact that the growth rate of long-term serum-free cultured CNE1 cells was directly proportional to the plating density. Alternatively 5% SFCM inhibited the growth of short-term serum-free cultured CNE4 cells by 51% in which the indicator cell remained the responsiveness state of growing in the serum-supplemented medium to the effector of interest. Furthermore, SFCM resulted in the inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of CNE4 cells and A431 cells. Also in soft agar test. SFCM reduced the colony formation of NRK(?),9F cells in the presence of EGF or EGF plus TGF-β. These finding suggested that CNE4 secreted autocrine growth stimulating factor(s) and growth inhibiting factor(s) in the serum-free medium, the latter strongly reverse malignant phenotypes of CNE4 and A431 cells in serum-supplemented surrounding.
文摘We have demonstrated that the distribution of microtubules (MT), mlcrofilaments (MF) and fibronectin (FN) were diminished, while the gene expression of the calmodulin and c- fos enhanced in the transformed C3H10T1/2 cells. After treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 1 hour and 2 hours, there was an early and repldly reduced in gene expression of Calmodulin and c-fos respectively. After db-cAMP treatment for 4 -5 days, the number of capping cells of ConA binding decreased significantly and the cell surface microvllll decreased as well. The growth of treated cells was inhibited markedly. By using 4F1 cDNA probe, which is preferentially expressed In G1 phase, we have found that the db- cAMP treated cells were accumulated at G1 phase. Of particular interest is the fact that the distribution of microtubules, mlcrofilaments and fibronectln were recovered after treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 6 days. It is suggested that the Inhibition of proliferation, alteration, of phenotype and reco- very of cytoskeleton is transformed cells after treatment with db-cAMP are related to the Inhibition of gene expression of Calmodulin.
文摘An Ha-ras oncogene was isolated from a cell line of gastric carcinoma called BGE-823 in order to elucidate genetic control and the influence of DNA sequences. The oncogene was cloned and identified as a single nucleotide substitution of thymine for guanine in the 12th codon through the sequencing of its first axon. We compared the differences of expression and regulation between the transformed Ha-ras cells and untransformed parent cells. Data indicated that the expression of Ha-ras in the transformed cells was five-fold higher than in the untransformed cells and that the Ha-ras gene in the former was hypersensitive toward DNase I. In addition, a nuclear protein of 35 kilodaltons bound strongly to the 2.5 Kb fragment located upstream of the 6.6 Kb Ha-ras gene and contained a CC rich region. These results suggest that there might be another mechanism of activation for the ras gene besides point mutation.
