BACKGROUND Acinar cystic transformation(ACT)of the pancreas is a rare non-neoplastic transformation of the pancreas.Adult women are the majority of patients with ACT,but few cases have been reported in pediatric patie...BACKGROUND Acinar cystic transformation(ACT)of the pancreas is a rare non-neoplastic transformation of the pancreas.Adult women are the majority of patients with ACT,but few cases have been reported in pediatric patients.Given that there are currently no guidelines for the treatment of ACT,current treatment is based primarily on expert opinions and clinical experiences.Here,we report the case of the youngest child with ACT to date.Additionally,a literature review on pediatric ACT cases was performed to summarize previous clinical experience and treatment methods.CASE SUMMARY A 1-year-old Chinese girl presented with progressive abdominal distension for 6 months.A detailed consultation revealed an uneventful history.The patient showed no signs of fever or abdominal pain and had a good appetite and normal feces.A mass of about 20 cm×10 cm×10 cm in size was detected in the abdomen.Both abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography examination revealed a multilocular cystic mass about 21.7 cm×16.8 cm×8.9 cm in size.At first,due to the large size and the possible retroperitoneal origin of the cyst,a total resection of the lesion was not possible.A single-port laparoscopic lymphangioma puncture and Pingyangmycin injection were performed in March 2023.One month after surgery,the abdominal cyst rapidly enlarged to its pre-operative size.After consulting with the experts in the angiology department and interventional department,sclerotherapy combined with oral sirolimus was performed in May 2023.After confirming that the tumor was not sensitive to sclerotherapy combined with oral sirolimus,our surgical team performed tumor reduction in August 2023.This surgery confirmed that the polycystic mass originated from the head of the pancreas,and pathological and immunohistochemical findings diagnosed pancreatic ACT.The patient showed no signs of cyst lesions after 6 months of follow-up and remains in good health up to the time of this report.CONCLUSION ACT is a rare non-neoplastic transformation of the pancreas,more rarely seen in children.Manifestation and examinations show no specificity for diagnosis,and final diagnosis is mainly based on histological findings.To reach a specific diagnosis and rule out malignancy is a priority in clinical practice,and repeated biopsy or radical surgery should be considered before malignancy is ruled out.However,once a diagnosis of ACT is made,a conser-vative treatment with consecutive follow-up is recommended until symptoms present or obvious enlargement occurs because ACT is considered a slow-growing and benign tumor.展开更多
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation has been widely adopted for plant genetic engineering and the study of gene function(Krenek et al.,2015).This method is prevalent in the genetic transformation of herb...Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation has been widely adopted for plant genetic engineering and the study of gene function(Krenek et al.,2015).This method is prevalent in the genetic transformation of herbaceous plants,with notable applications in species such as Arabidopsis(Yin et al.,2024),soybean(Zhang et al.,2024),rice(Zhang et al.,2020),and Chinese cabbage(Li et al.,2021).However,its application in fruit trees is limited.This is primarily due to their long growth cycles and lack of rapid,efficient,and stable transgenic systems,which severely hinders foundational research involving plant genetic transformation(Mei et al.,2024).Furthermore,for subtropical fruit trees,the presence of recalcitrant seeds adds an extra layer of difficulty to genetic transformation(Umarani et al.,2015),as most methods rely on seed germination as a basis for transformation.展开更多
Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations a...Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations aim for lower Pauli weight.However,in some cases,the circuit depth depends not only on the Pauli weight but also on the coefficients of the Hamiltonian terms.In order to characterize the circuit depth of these algorithms,we propose a new metric called weighted Pauli weight,which depends on Pauli weight and coefficients of Hamiltonian terms.To achieve smaller weighted Pauli weight,we introduce a novel transformation,Huffman-code-based ternary tree(HTT)transformation,which is built upon the classical Huffman code and tailored to different Hamiltonians.We tested various molecular Hamiltonians and the results show that the weighted Pauli weight of the HTT transformation is smaller than that of commonly used mappings.At the same time,the HTT transformation also maintains a relatively small Pauli weight.The mapping we designed reduces the circuit depth of certain Hamiltonian simulation algorithms,facilitating faster simulation of fermionic systems.展开更多
With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wid...With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wide implementation of relevant standards,and accelerate the globalization process of green product trade through high-level communication.Lyu Xuefeng,Director of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT),Chinese Academy of Sciences,emphasized in his address that the product carbon footprint management system is the important support for industrial green transformation.The geographic information system-life cycle assessment(GIS-LCA)technology has been originally proposed and adopted as the core content of the national standard GB/T 24067-2024,Greenhouse gases-Carbon footprint of products-Requirements and guidelines for quantification.展开更多
As the global economy has been undergoing profound changes and the industrial and supply chains have been restructuring rapidly,China International Supply Chain Expo(hereinafter referred to as the CISCE)emerged with t...As the global economy has been undergoing profound changes and the industrial and supply chains have been restructuring rapidly,China International Supply Chain Expo(hereinafter referred to as the CISCE)emerged with the time.展开更多
On July 17,2024,Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer GAC International opened a smart factory in Rayong Province,Thailand.The next day,then Prime Minister of Thailand Saita Thawaixin met with a delegation led by Zeng...On July 17,2024,Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer GAC International opened a smart factory in Rayong Province,Thailand.The next day,then Prime Minister of Thailand Saita Thawaixin met with a delegation led by Zeng Qinghong,chairman of GAC Group.He encouraged GAC to purchase various spare parts in Thailand to enhance Thailand’s position in the global electric vehicle industry supply chain.“Thailand has a favorable business environment,”Zeng responded.“As the location of GAC’s first wholly-owned overseas facility,it was our premier choice.”展开更多
Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously usi...Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously using industrial policies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a ...BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a case in which CCRT had a reduction effect preoperatively.A 73-year-old woman with pyelonephritis was referred to our hospital.Computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis and a 6-cm pelvic mass.Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)revealed squamous cell carci-noma.The patient was diagnosed with MT of MCT.Due to her poor general con-dition and renal malfunction,we selected CCRT,expecting fewer adverse effects.After CCRT,her performance status improved,and the tumor size was reduced;surgery was performed.Five months postoperatively,the patient developed dis-semination and lymph node metastases.Palliative chemotherapy was ineffective.She died 18 months after treatment initiation.CONCLUSION EUS-FNB was useful in the diagnosis of MT of MCT;CCRT suppressed the disea-se and improved quality of life.展开更多
Occupational structural transformation is a common pattern during the steady growth of GDP per capita in major economies worldwide.In recent years,there has been a decline in the employment share of goods occupation a...Occupational structural transformation is a common pattern during the steady growth of GDP per capita in major economies worldwide.In recent years,there has been a decline in the employment share of goods occupation and an increase in service occupation within the Chinese manufacturing industry,presenting a trend of occupational structural transformation and rapid development of service-oriented manufacturing.It is an important driving force and typical performance of the high-end,intelligent,and green development of the manufacturing industry.As a strategic general technology which leads the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,artificial intelligence(AI)has become a new fundamental force to accelerate the occupational structural transformation and service-oriented manufacturing development in China.Thus,this paper establishes a dynamic general equilibrium model with AI technology and occupational heterogeneity,showing the endogenous mechanism of occupational structural transformation.We find that when AI technology is biased towards goods occupation,and the elasticity of substitution between goods occupation and service occupation is less than 1,then AI will drive the transformation of occupational structure from goods to service within the manufacturing sector,increase the proportion of service-oriented manufacturing,improve labor productivity of manufacturing relative to service and stabilize the real output share of manufacturing.Promoting deeper integration of different occupations,intensifying R&D in AI technology and reducing labor mobility barriers between occupations can effectively accelerate the occupational structural transformation and industrial structural upgrading.We use theoretical analysis and numerical simulation method to show the theoretical mechanism by which AI affects occupational structural transformation and industrial structural transformation from a macroeconomic perspective,and put forward policy implications on how to promote the service-oriented manufacturing development and accelerate the construction of modern industrial system through AI innovation.展开更多
1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7]...1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7],that indicate their potential for use in actu-ators,sensors,micropumps,energy harvesters,and solid-state re-frigeration[8-10].Among the alloys,Ni-Mn-Sn-based alloys are environment-friendly and cost-effective[6,7,11],and hence,they have received widespread attention.展开更多
Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis.Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2–3 fold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer(CR...Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis.Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2–3 fold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer(CRC).Unfortunately,there is currently no effective intervention available.Huangqin decoction(HQD),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula,is frequently clinically prescribed for treating patients with colitis,and its active ingredients have effective antitumour efficacy.Nonetheless,the mechanism of HQD-mediated prevention of colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation remains unclear.A strategy integrating metagenomic,lipidomic,and messenger RNA(mRNA)sequencing analysis was used to investigate the regulatory effects of HQD on the gut microbiome,metabolism and potential mechanisms involved in colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.Our study revealed that HQD suppressed colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation,which was associated with enhanced intestinal barrier function,decreased the inflammatory response,and regulation of the gut microbiome.Notably,cohousing experiments revealed that the transfer of the gut microbiome from HQD-treated mice largely inhibited the pathological transformation of colitis.Moreover,gut microbiome transfer from HQD-treated mice primarily resulted in the altered regulation of fatty acid metabolism,especially the remodeling of arachidonic acid metabolism,which was associated with the amelioration of pathological transformation.Arachidonic acid metabolism and the key metabolic enzyme arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase(ALOX12)were affected by HQD treatment,and no obvious protective effect of HQD was observed in Alox12−/−mice,which revealed that ALOX12 was a critical mediator of HQD protection against colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.In summary,multiple omics analyses were applied to produce valuable data and theoretical support for the application of HQD as a promising intervention for the transformation of inflammatory CRC.展开更多
The exploration of the molecular characteristics and transformation processes of soil dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)compounds is paramount,as they affect the leaching of DON components into groundwater.Nevertheless,t...The exploration of the molecular characteristics and transformation processes of soil dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)compounds is paramount,as they affect the leaching of DON components into groundwater.Nevertheless,the molecular transformation pathways remain largely uncharted territories.Hence,a comprehensive study of microbial-medicated DON transformation pathways across various land use soilswas conducted.The determination of DON components and microbial communities was accomplished utilizing advanced techniques,namely fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing.Thesemethodologies were synergistically integrated with the FAPROTAX database and network analysis.The results showed that DON emerged as the predominant nitrogen fraction,displaying significant variations in composition across these soils.The dominant constitutes comprised lignin-like and condensed aromatic compounds,varying in their aromaticity and condensation degrees.Key microbial genera,including Solirubrobacter,67–14,and Bacillus,were identified as crucial for DON decomposition and mineralization.Functional annotation revealed abundant bacteria associated with the breakdown of aromatic compounds,the degradation of aliphatic non-methane hydrocarbons,and the hydrolysis of cellulose.Network analysis emphasized the interconnected and cooperative aspects of DON transformation processes,with notable relationships between N respiration and various degradation activities.Correlation analysis between microbial functions and DON components emphasized distinctmechanisms involved in the transformation of DON components.The orchestrated process of converting high-molecular-weight DON into lowmolecular-weight counterparts facilitates potential leaching into groundwater,emphasizing the need for understanding and managing microbial-mediated DON transformation pathways to mitigate groundwater contamination risk.展开更多
Grounded in educational ecology and constructivist theory,this study examines the challenges and opportunities faced by English teachers in the Gene AI era.While Gene AI is efficient in surface-level tasks,it has limi...Grounded in educational ecology and constructivist theory,this study examines the challenges and opportunities faced by English teachers in the Gene AI era.While Gene AI is efficient in surface-level tasks,it has limitations in cultural interpretation,ethical guidance,and metacognitive development.The paper proposes a tripartite framework for role transformation:cognitive reframing,pedagogical innovation,and ethical repositioning to help tackle the problem of functional substitution anxiety due to AI’s encroachment on traditional roles.The study concludes that English teachers must evolve into“intelligent curators”who can synergize AI’s technical prowess with human wisdom,prioritizing holistic human development over skill acquisition.展开更多
Simple cubic black phosphorus(BP)has been recognized as a strategic material due to its exceptional structural stability under extreme conditions.In this investigation,simple cubic BP was successfully synthesized thro...Simple cubic black phosphorus(BP)has been recognized as a strategic material due to its exceptional structural stability under extreme conditions.In this investigation,simple cubic BP was successfully synthesized through shock-induced phase transformation,utilizing amorphous red phosphorus as the precursor material.The phase evolution process was systematically investigated using plane shock loading apparatus,with shock pressure and temperature parameters being precisely controlled to optimize transformation kinetics.Comprehensive phase characterization revealed the correlation between thermodynamic loading profiles and cubic BP formation efficiency.Precursor modification strategies were implemented through orthorhombic BP utilization,resulting in enhanced cubic phase yield and crystallinity.The synthesized cubic BP variants are considered promising candidates for advanced protective material systems,particularly where combinations of mechanical resilience and thermal stability are required under extreme operational conditions.This research provides critical insights into shock-induced phase transformation mechanics,while establishing foundational protocols for manufacturing non-equilibrium materials with potential applications in next-generation defensive technologies.展开更多
This work reveals the significant effects of cobalt(Co)on the microstructure and impact toughness of as-quenched highstrength steels by experimental characterizations and thermo-kinetic analyses.The results show that ...This work reveals the significant effects of cobalt(Co)on the microstructure and impact toughness of as-quenched highstrength steels by experimental characterizations and thermo-kinetic analyses.The results show that the Co-bearing steel exhibits finer blocks and a lower ductile-brittle transition temperature than the steel without Co.Moreover,the Co-bearing steel reveals higher transformation rates at the intermediate stage with bainite volume fraction ranging from around 0.1 to 0.6.The improved impact toughness of the Co-bearing steel results from the higher dense block boundaries dominated by the V1/V2 variant pair.Furthermore,the addition of Co induces a larger transformation driving force and a lower bainite start temperature(BS),thereby contributing to the refinement of blocks and the increase of the V1/V2 variant pair.These findings would be instructive for the composition,microstructure design,and property optimization of high-strength steels.展开更多
With the acceleration of the global digital wave,enterprise procurement management is facing multiple challenges such as cost pressure,supply chain collaboration demand,and insufficient information ability.Based on dy...With the acceleration of the global digital wave,enterprise procurement management is facing multiple challenges such as cost pressure,supply chain collaboration demand,and insufficient information ability.Based on dynamic capability theory,resource-based view,and value chain theory,this paper constructs a four-level research framework of“driving factors-transformation paths-strategic actions-performance evaluation”.Firstly,through literature analysis and case review,it summarizes the internal and external driving factors such as external market competition pressure,supply chain coordination demand,policy and regulatory environment,as well as enterprise information foundation,organizational culture,and talent reserve,and analyzes their mechanism of action on procurement digital transformation.Secondly,the procurement digital transformation path is divided into two types:gradual upgrading and leap-forward reconstruction,and the strategic and tactical level strategies,such as top-level design,data governance,process remodeling,supplier collaboration platform construction,and intelligent decision support,are proposed.Thirdly,the implementation guarantee mechanism was designed from the four aspects of organization management,technology platform,talent culture,and risk control.Finally,the performance evaluation index system covering cost,cycle,quality,risk,and digital maturity was constructed,and the evaluation method and continuous improvement mechanism based on balanced scorecard and ROI/TCO analysis were proposed.The results show that the systematic strategy design and multi-dimensional guarantee can effectively improve the procurement efficiency of enterprises,reduce operating costs,enhance supply chain resilience,and provide theoretical and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve sustainable competitive advantage.展开更多
With respect to oceanic fluid dynamics,certain models have appeared,e.g.,an extended time-dependent(3+1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation in an ocean or a river,which we investigate in this paper.Using symbolic...With respect to oceanic fluid dynamics,certain models have appeared,e.g.,an extended time-dependent(3+1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation in an ocean or a river,which we investigate in this paper.Using symbolic computation,we find out,on one hand,a set of bilinear auto-Backlund transformations,which could connect certain solutions of that equation with other solutions of that equation itself,and on the other hand,a set of similarity reductions,which could go from that equation to a known ordinary differential equation.The results in this paper depend on all the oceanic variable coefficients in that equation.展开更多
As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly c...As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly concerned for the effective removal of antibiotics from wastewaters.However,the specific mechanisms involving degradation kinetics and transformation mechanisms are not well elucidated.Here we report a detailed examination of SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated degradation kinetics,products,and toxicities of sulfathiazole(ST),sarafloxacin(SAR),and lomefloxacin(LOM)in the two processes.Both SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated transformation kinetics were found to be dependent on pH(P<0.05),which was attributed to the disparate reactivities of their individual dissociated forms.Based on competition kinetic experiments and matrix calculations,the cationic forms(H_(2)ST^(+),H_(2)SAR^(+),and H_(2)LOM^(+))were more highly reactive towards SO_(4)•−in most cases,while the neutral forms(e.g.,HSAR^(0)and HLOM^(0))reacted the fastest with Cl•for the most of the antibiotics tested.Based on the identification of 31 key intermediates using tandem mass spectrometry,these reactions generated different products,of which the majority still retained the core chemical structure of the parent compounds.The corresponding diverse transformation pathways were proposed,involving S−N breaking,hydroxylation,defluorination,and chlorination reactions.Furthermore,the toxicity changes of their reaction solutions as well as the toxicity of each intermediate were evaluated by the vibrio fischeri and ECOSAR model,respectively.Many primary by-products were proven to be more toxic than the parent chemicals,raising the wider issue of extended potency for these compounds with regards to their ecotoxicity.These results have implications for assessing the degradative fate and risk of these chemicals during the AOPs.展开更多
Objective Stroke is a main cause of disability and mortality worldwide.It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning(IP)has neuroprotective effects against stroke.This study aimed to verify the mechanism by which...Objective Stroke is a main cause of disability and mortality worldwide.It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning(IP)has neuroprotective effects against stroke.This study aimed to verify the mechanism by which calcium-sensing recep-tor(Casr)inhibition-mediated M2 microglial transformation in the IP protects against stroke,which will provide a potential therapeutic target for stroke.Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)neurons were used in this study.IP was induced via the transient MCAO and OGD methods.RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)was used to explore the underlying key molecules.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of Casr and the M1 and M2 microglial markers.CCK8 was used to detect cell viability.The calcium concentration was detected via the use of Fluo-4 AM,a fluorescence probe.The Casr inhibitor NPS2143 and the Casr activator R568 were used to explore the role of Casr in M2 microglial transformation and neuroprotection.Results We first revealed that IP induced M2 microglial transformation in ischemic injury.In addition,MCAO injury increased Casr expression and the calcium concentration,which was inhibited by IP.Furthermore,Casr activation inhibited the M2 microglial transformation induced by IP.Finally,we found that Casr inhibition improved the survival rate,alleviated neurological deficits,and reduced the infarct volume induced by MCAO.Conclusions We confirmed that Casr-related neuroprotection induced by IP is associated with the transformation of M2 microglia.These findings can be used to understand the protective mechanisms of IP against ischemic stroke.展开更多
Nor-seco-cucurbit[10]uril(ns-CB[10])is a kinetic product with unique structure.The single bridged methylene in its structure makes the molecular cavity of ns-CB[10]more deformable when compared to ordinary cucurbit[n]...Nor-seco-cucurbit[10]uril(ns-CB[10])is a kinetic product with unique structure.The single bridged methylene in its structure makes the molecular cavity of ns-CB[10]more deformable when compared to ordinary cucurbit[n]uril,reducing its structural stability.Repeated experiments showed that ns-CB[10]gradually cracks in an acidic solution and changes the specificity of cucurbit[5]uril(CB[5])and cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])under more robust acidic solutions and when heated.A series of experiments were designed to study the transformation behavior of ns-CB[10].It was found that the concentration of ns-CB[10]was correlated with the content distribution of CB[5]and CB[8].This study explores the influencing factors and mechanisms of the transformation of ns-CB[10]to CB[5]and CB[8].The results are of great significance for the application of ns-CB[10],understanding the formation mechanism of cucurbit[n]urils.Furthermore,it provides a new pathway for synthesizing new cucurbit[n]urils.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Acinar cystic transformation(ACT)of the pancreas is a rare non-neoplastic transformation of the pancreas.Adult women are the majority of patients with ACT,but few cases have been reported in pediatric patients.Given that there are currently no guidelines for the treatment of ACT,current treatment is based primarily on expert opinions and clinical experiences.Here,we report the case of the youngest child with ACT to date.Additionally,a literature review on pediatric ACT cases was performed to summarize previous clinical experience and treatment methods.CASE SUMMARY A 1-year-old Chinese girl presented with progressive abdominal distension for 6 months.A detailed consultation revealed an uneventful history.The patient showed no signs of fever or abdominal pain and had a good appetite and normal feces.A mass of about 20 cm×10 cm×10 cm in size was detected in the abdomen.Both abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography examination revealed a multilocular cystic mass about 21.7 cm×16.8 cm×8.9 cm in size.At first,due to the large size and the possible retroperitoneal origin of the cyst,a total resection of the lesion was not possible.A single-port laparoscopic lymphangioma puncture and Pingyangmycin injection were performed in March 2023.One month after surgery,the abdominal cyst rapidly enlarged to its pre-operative size.After consulting with the experts in the angiology department and interventional department,sclerotherapy combined with oral sirolimus was performed in May 2023.After confirming that the tumor was not sensitive to sclerotherapy combined with oral sirolimus,our surgical team performed tumor reduction in August 2023.This surgery confirmed that the polycystic mass originated from the head of the pancreas,and pathological and immunohistochemical findings diagnosed pancreatic ACT.The patient showed no signs of cyst lesions after 6 months of follow-up and remains in good health up to the time of this report.CONCLUSION ACT is a rare non-neoplastic transformation of the pancreas,more rarely seen in children.Manifestation and examinations show no specificity for diagnosis,and final diagnosis is mainly based on histological findings.To reach a specific diagnosis and rule out malignancy is a priority in clinical practice,and repeated biopsy or radical surgery should be considered before malignancy is ruled out.However,once a diagnosis of ACT is made,a conser-vative treatment with consecutive follow-up is recommended until symptoms present or obvious enlargement occurs because ACT is considered a slow-growing and benign tumor.
基金funded by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022B0202070002)the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(Grant No.GuikeAA23023007-2)+1 种基金the Guangdong Province Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Innovation Team Construction Project(2024CXTD19)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515010303)。
文摘Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation has been widely adopted for plant genetic engineering and the study of gene function(Krenek et al.,2015).This method is prevalent in the genetic transformation of herbaceous plants,with notable applications in species such as Arabidopsis(Yin et al.,2024),soybean(Zhang et al.,2024),rice(Zhang et al.,2020),and Chinese cabbage(Li et al.,2021).However,its application in fruit trees is limited.This is primarily due to their long growth cycles and lack of rapid,efficient,and stable transgenic systems,which severely hinders foundational research involving plant genetic transformation(Mei et al.,2024).Furthermore,for subtropical fruit trees,the presence of recalcitrant seeds adds an extra layer of difficulty to genetic transformation(Umarani et al.,2015),as most methods rely on seed germination as a basis for transformation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB4504101)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22303022)the Anhui Province Innovation Plan for Science and Technology(Grant No.202423r06050002).
文摘Using a quantum computer to simulate fermionic systems requires fermion-to-qubit transformations.Usually,lower Pauli weight of transformations means shallower quantum circuits.Therefore,most existing transformations aim for lower Pauli weight.However,in some cases,the circuit depth depends not only on the Pauli weight but also on the coefficients of the Hamiltonian terms.In order to characterize the circuit depth of these algorithms,we propose a new metric called weighted Pauli weight,which depends on Pauli weight and coefficients of Hamiltonian terms.To achieve smaller weighted Pauli weight,we introduce a novel transformation,Huffman-code-based ternary tree(HTT)transformation,which is built upon the classical Huffman code and tailored to different Hamiltonians.We tested various molecular Hamiltonians and the results show that the weighted Pauli weight of the HTT transformation is smaller than that of commonly used mappings.At the same time,the HTT transformation also maintains a relatively small Pauli weight.The mapping we designed reduces the circuit depth of certain Hamiltonian simulation algorithms,facilitating faster simulation of fermionic systems.
文摘With the theme of“standardized approaches empowering industrial green and low-carbon transformation”,a sub-forum was held to promote the application of the carbon footprint management system in China,advance the wide implementation of relevant standards,and accelerate the globalization process of green product trade through high-level communication.Lyu Xuefeng,Director of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT),Chinese Academy of Sciences,emphasized in his address that the product carbon footprint management system is the important support for industrial green transformation.The geographic information system-life cycle assessment(GIS-LCA)technology has been originally proposed and adopted as the core content of the national standard GB/T 24067-2024,Greenhouse gases-Carbon footprint of products-Requirements and guidelines for quantification.
文摘As the global economy has been undergoing profound changes and the industrial and supply chains have been restructuring rapidly,China International Supply Chain Expo(hereinafter referred to as the CISCE)emerged with the time.
文摘On July 17,2024,Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer GAC International opened a smart factory in Rayong Province,Thailand.The next day,then Prime Minister of Thailand Saita Thawaixin met with a delegation led by Zeng Qinghong,chairman of GAC Group.He encouraged GAC to purchase various spare parts in Thailand to enhance Thailand’s position in the global electric vehicle industry supply chain.“Thailand has a favorable business environment,”Zeng responded.“As the location of GAC’s first wholly-owned overseas facility,it was our premier choice.”
文摘Since the beginning of European integration,the European Community has been committed to building an internal single market.Economically,it has been encouraging free competition,combating monopolies,and cautiously using industrial policies.
文摘BACKGROUND Malignant transformation(MT)of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)has a poor prognosis,especially in advanced cases.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)has an inhibitory effect on MT.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present a case in which CCRT had a reduction effect preoperatively.A 73-year-old woman with pyelonephritis was referred to our hospital.Computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis and a 6-cm pelvic mass.Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)revealed squamous cell carci-noma.The patient was diagnosed with MT of MCT.Due to her poor general con-dition and renal malfunction,we selected CCRT,expecting fewer adverse effects.After CCRT,her performance status improved,and the tumor size was reduced;surgery was performed.Five months postoperatively,the patient developed dis-semination and lymph node metastases.Palliative chemotherapy was ineffective.She died 18 months after treatment initiation.CONCLUSION EUS-FNB was useful in the diagnosis of MT of MCT;CCRT suppressed the disea-se and improved quality of life.
基金This study was supported by:The Late-Stage Support Program of the National Social Science Fund of China“Supply-Side Structural Reform and the Dual Structural Transformation of China's Economy”(Grant No.22FJLB009)The National Natural Science Fund of China for Young Scholars“The Dual Structural Transformation of China’s Economy:A Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Test Based on the Supply-Side Structural Reform”(Grant No.71703056).
文摘Occupational structural transformation is a common pattern during the steady growth of GDP per capita in major economies worldwide.In recent years,there has been a decline in the employment share of goods occupation and an increase in service occupation within the Chinese manufacturing industry,presenting a trend of occupational structural transformation and rapid development of service-oriented manufacturing.It is an important driving force and typical performance of the high-end,intelligent,and green development of the manufacturing industry.As a strategic general technology which leads the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,artificial intelligence(AI)has become a new fundamental force to accelerate the occupational structural transformation and service-oriented manufacturing development in China.Thus,this paper establishes a dynamic general equilibrium model with AI technology and occupational heterogeneity,showing the endogenous mechanism of occupational structural transformation.We find that when AI technology is biased towards goods occupation,and the elasticity of substitution between goods occupation and service occupation is less than 1,then AI will drive the transformation of occupational structure from goods to service within the manufacturing sector,increase the proportion of service-oriented manufacturing,improve labor productivity of manufacturing relative to service and stabilize the real output share of manufacturing.Promoting deeper integration of different occupations,intensifying R&D in AI technology and reducing labor mobility barriers between occupations can effectively accelerate the occupational structural transformation and industrial structural upgrading.We use theoretical analysis and numerical simulation method to show the theoretical mechanism by which AI affects occupational structural transformation and industrial structural transformation from a macroeconomic perspective,and put forward policy implications on how to promote the service-oriented manufacturing development and accelerate the construction of modern industrial system through AI innovation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(No.2022YFB3805701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.52371182,51701052,52192592,52192593)+1 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2019QNRC001)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program.
文摘1.Introduction.Ni-Mn-X(X=Ga,In,Sn,or Sb)Heusler alloys have versatile properties[1-4],such as shape memory effect[1],superelastic-ity[5],magnetocaloric effect[3],elastocaloric effect[6],and even multicaloric effect[7],that indicate their potential for use in actu-ators,sensors,micropumps,energy harvesters,and solid-state re-frigeration[8-10].Among the alloys,Ni-Mn-Sn-based alloys are environment-friendly and cost-effective[6,7,11],and hence,they have received widespread attention.
基金supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82320108022,82322076,and 822104466)Shanghai Rising-Star Program,China(Grant No.:20QA1409300)+1 种基金the National Funding Program for Postdoctoral Researchers,China(C gradeProgram No.:GZC20231707).
文摘Colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation poses a major risk to patients with colitis.Patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have an approximately 2–3 fold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer(CRC).Unfortunately,there is currently no effective intervention available.Huangqin decoction(HQD),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula,is frequently clinically prescribed for treating patients with colitis,and its active ingredients have effective antitumour efficacy.Nonetheless,the mechanism of HQD-mediated prevention of colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation remains unclear.A strategy integrating metagenomic,lipidomic,and messenger RNA(mRNA)sequencing analysis was used to investigate the regulatory effects of HQD on the gut microbiome,metabolism and potential mechanisms involved in colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.Our study revealed that HQD suppressed colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation,which was associated with enhanced intestinal barrier function,decreased the inflammatory response,and regulation of the gut microbiome.Notably,cohousing experiments revealed that the transfer of the gut microbiome from HQD-treated mice largely inhibited the pathological transformation of colitis.Moreover,gut microbiome transfer from HQD-treated mice primarily resulted in the altered regulation of fatty acid metabolism,especially the remodeling of arachidonic acid metabolism,which was associated with the amelioration of pathological transformation.Arachidonic acid metabolism and the key metabolic enzyme arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase(ALOX12)were affected by HQD treatment,and no obvious protective effect of HQD was observed in Alox12−/−mice,which revealed that ALOX12 was a critical mediator of HQD protection against colorectal inflammatory cancer transformation.In summary,multiple omics analyses were applied to produce valuable data and theoretical support for the application of HQD as a promising intervention for the transformation of inflammatory CRC.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.JQ21031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107052).
文摘The exploration of the molecular characteristics and transformation processes of soil dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)compounds is paramount,as they affect the leaching of DON components into groundwater.Nevertheless,the molecular transformation pathways remain largely uncharted territories.Hence,a comprehensive study of microbial-medicated DON transformation pathways across various land use soilswas conducted.The determination of DON components and microbial communities was accomplished utilizing advanced techniques,namely fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing.Thesemethodologies were synergistically integrated with the FAPROTAX database and network analysis.The results showed that DON emerged as the predominant nitrogen fraction,displaying significant variations in composition across these soils.The dominant constitutes comprised lignin-like and condensed aromatic compounds,varying in their aromaticity and condensation degrees.Key microbial genera,including Solirubrobacter,67–14,and Bacillus,were identified as crucial for DON decomposition and mineralization.Functional annotation revealed abundant bacteria associated with the breakdown of aromatic compounds,the degradation of aliphatic non-methane hydrocarbons,and the hydrolysis of cellulose.Network analysis emphasized the interconnected and cooperative aspects of DON transformation processes,with notable relationships between N respiration and various degradation activities.Correlation analysis between microbial functions and DON components emphasized distinctmechanisms involved in the transformation of DON components.The orchestrated process of converting high-molecular-weight DON into lowmolecular-weight counterparts facilitates potential leaching into groundwater,emphasizing the need for understanding and managing microbial-mediated DON transformation pathways to mitigate groundwater contamination risk.
文摘Grounded in educational ecology and constructivist theory,this study examines the challenges and opportunities faced by English teachers in the Gene AI era.While Gene AI is efficient in surface-level tasks,it has limitations in cultural interpretation,ethical guidance,and metacognitive development.The paper proposes a tripartite framework for role transformation:cognitive reframing,pedagogical innovation,and ethical repositioning to help tackle the problem of functional substitution anxiety due to AI’s encroachment on traditional roles.The study concludes that English teachers must evolve into“intelligent curators”who can synergize AI’s technical prowess with human wisdom,prioritizing holistic human development over skill acquisition.
基金supported by the Youth Project of the Independent Subject of the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology(Grant Nos.QNKT25-13 and QNKT24-02)the 76th batch of Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M764116)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12002048,12072037,12102050,and 12202067)the Science and Technology Commission,China(Grant No.2019-jcjc-zd-011-00)the Project supported by the Open Funds of Kui Yuan Laboratory(Grant No.KY202431)the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection(Grant No.KFJJ25-21M)。
文摘Simple cubic black phosphorus(BP)has been recognized as a strategic material due to its exceptional structural stability under extreme conditions.In this investigation,simple cubic BP was successfully synthesized through shock-induced phase transformation,utilizing amorphous red phosphorus as the precursor material.The phase evolution process was systematically investigated using plane shock loading apparatus,with shock pressure and temperature parameters being precisely controlled to optimize transformation kinetics.Comprehensive phase characterization revealed the correlation between thermodynamic loading profiles and cubic BP formation efficiency.Precursor modification strategies were implemented through orthorhombic BP utilization,resulting in enhanced cubic phase yield and crystallinity.The synthesized cubic BP variants are considered promising candidates for advanced protective material systems,particularly where combinations of mechanical resilience and thermal stability are required under extreme operational conditions.This research provides critical insights into shock-induced phase transformation mechanics,while establishing foundational protocols for manufacturing non-equilibrium materials with potential applications in next-generation defensive technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271089)the financial support from the C hina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732192)。
文摘This work reveals the significant effects of cobalt(Co)on the microstructure and impact toughness of as-quenched highstrength steels by experimental characterizations and thermo-kinetic analyses.The results show that the Co-bearing steel exhibits finer blocks and a lower ductile-brittle transition temperature than the steel without Co.Moreover,the Co-bearing steel reveals higher transformation rates at the intermediate stage with bainite volume fraction ranging from around 0.1 to 0.6.The improved impact toughness of the Co-bearing steel results from the higher dense block boundaries dominated by the V1/V2 variant pair.Furthermore,the addition of Co induces a larger transformation driving force and a lower bainite start temperature(BS),thereby contributing to the refinement of blocks and the increase of the V1/V2 variant pair.These findings would be instructive for the composition,microstructure design,and property optimization of high-strength steels.
文摘With the acceleration of the global digital wave,enterprise procurement management is facing multiple challenges such as cost pressure,supply chain collaboration demand,and insufficient information ability.Based on dynamic capability theory,resource-based view,and value chain theory,this paper constructs a four-level research framework of“driving factors-transformation paths-strategic actions-performance evaluation”.Firstly,through literature analysis and case review,it summarizes the internal and external driving factors such as external market competition pressure,supply chain coordination demand,policy and regulatory environment,as well as enterprise information foundation,organizational culture,and talent reserve,and analyzes their mechanism of action on procurement digital transformation.Secondly,the procurement digital transformation path is divided into two types:gradual upgrading and leap-forward reconstruction,and the strategic and tactical level strategies,such as top-level design,data governance,process remodeling,supplier collaboration platform construction,and intelligent decision support,are proposed.Thirdly,the implementation guarantee mechanism was designed from the four aspects of organization management,technology platform,talent culture,and risk control.Finally,the performance evaluation index system covering cost,cycle,quality,risk,and digital maturity was constructed,and the evaluation method and continuous improvement mechanism based on balanced scorecard and ROI/TCO analysis were proposed.The results show that the systematic strategy design and multi-dimensional guarantee can effectively improve the procurement efficiency of enterprises,reduce operating costs,enhance supply chain resilience,and provide theoretical and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve sustainable competitive advantage.
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of North China University of Technology(Grant Nos.11005136024XN147-87 and 110051360024XN151-86).
文摘With respect to oceanic fluid dynamics,certain models have appeared,e.g.,an extended time-dependent(3+1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation in an ocean or a river,which we investigate in this paper.Using symbolic computation,we find out,on one hand,a set of bilinear auto-Backlund transformations,which could connect certain solutions of that equation with other solutions of that equation itself,and on the other hand,a set of similarity reductions,which could go from that equation to a known ordinary differential equation.The results in this paper depend on all the oceanic variable coefficients in that equation.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024SF-YBXM-567)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976045,22076112)the China Scholarship Council(CSC)Scholarship(No.202308610123).
文摘As antibiotic pollutants cannot be incompletely removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants,ultraviolet(UV)based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)such as UV/persulfate(UV/PS)and UV/chlorine are increasingly concerned for the effective removal of antibiotics from wastewaters.However,the specific mechanisms involving degradation kinetics and transformation mechanisms are not well elucidated.Here we report a detailed examination of SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated degradation kinetics,products,and toxicities of sulfathiazole(ST),sarafloxacin(SAR),and lomefloxacin(LOM)in the two processes.Both SO_(4)•−/Cl•-mediated transformation kinetics were found to be dependent on pH(P<0.05),which was attributed to the disparate reactivities of their individual dissociated forms.Based on competition kinetic experiments and matrix calculations,the cationic forms(H_(2)ST^(+),H_(2)SAR^(+),and H_(2)LOM^(+))were more highly reactive towards SO_(4)•−in most cases,while the neutral forms(e.g.,HSAR^(0)and HLOM^(0))reacted the fastest with Cl•for the most of the antibiotics tested.Based on the identification of 31 key intermediates using tandem mass spectrometry,these reactions generated different products,of which the majority still retained the core chemical structure of the parent compounds.The corresponding diverse transformation pathways were proposed,involving S−N breaking,hydroxylation,defluorination,and chlorination reactions.Furthermore,the toxicity changes of their reaction solutions as well as the toxicity of each intermediate were evaluated by the vibrio fischeri and ECOSAR model,respectively.Many primary by-products were proven to be more toxic than the parent chemicals,raising the wider issue of extended potency for these compounds with regards to their ecotoxicity.These results have implications for assessing the degradative fate and risk of these chemicals during the AOPs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81371440,82271454 and 81971195).
文摘Objective Stroke is a main cause of disability and mortality worldwide.It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning(IP)has neuroprotective effects against stroke.This study aimed to verify the mechanism by which calcium-sensing recep-tor(Casr)inhibition-mediated M2 microglial transformation in the IP protects against stroke,which will provide a potential therapeutic target for stroke.Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)neurons were used in this study.IP was induced via the transient MCAO and OGD methods.RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)was used to explore the underlying key molecules.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of Casr and the M1 and M2 microglial markers.CCK8 was used to detect cell viability.The calcium concentration was detected via the use of Fluo-4 AM,a fluorescence probe.The Casr inhibitor NPS2143 and the Casr activator R568 were used to explore the role of Casr in M2 microglial transformation and neuroprotection.Results We first revealed that IP induced M2 microglial transformation in ischemic injury.In addition,MCAO injury increased Casr expression and the calcium concentration,which was inhibited by IP.Furthermore,Casr activation inhibited the M2 microglial transformation induced by IP.Finally,we found that Casr inhibition improved the survival rate,alleviated neurological deficits,and reduced the infarct volume induced by MCAO.Conclusions We confirmed that Casr-related neuroprotection induced by IP is associated with the transformation of M2 microglia.These findings can be used to understand the protective mechanisms of IP against ischemic stroke.
基金financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22161010)。
文摘Nor-seco-cucurbit[10]uril(ns-CB[10])is a kinetic product with unique structure.The single bridged methylene in its structure makes the molecular cavity of ns-CB[10]more deformable when compared to ordinary cucurbit[n]uril,reducing its structural stability.Repeated experiments showed that ns-CB[10]gradually cracks in an acidic solution and changes the specificity of cucurbit[5]uril(CB[5])and cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])under more robust acidic solutions and when heated.A series of experiments were designed to study the transformation behavior of ns-CB[10].It was found that the concentration of ns-CB[10]was correlated with the content distribution of CB[5]and CB[8].This study explores the influencing factors and mechanisms of the transformation of ns-CB[10]to CB[5]and CB[8].The results are of great significance for the application of ns-CB[10],understanding the formation mechanism of cucurbit[n]urils.Furthermore,it provides a new pathway for synthesizing new cucurbit[n]urils.
