Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural...Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural safeguard.The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)is a key region involved in pain regulation,and recent approaches using transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)to target the DLPFC have shown potential for modulating pain processing and restoring normal pain perception for individuals engaging in NSSI behaviours.Aims This study aimed to explore the immediate and short-term effects of a single session of tDCS on pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI,as well as its secondary effects on mood and NSSI-related factors.Methods In this randomised,double-blind,parallel,sham-controlled clinical trial,participants with a history of NSSI were randomly assigned to receive either active or sham tDCS.The intervention consisted of a single 20 min tDCS session targeting the left DLPFC.The primary outcome was pain sensitivity,measured by the pressure pain threshold(PPT)and heat pain score(HPS).Secondary and additional outcomes included NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI,mood-related variables and exploratory cognitive-affective processes such as rumination,self-criticism and self-perceived pain sensitivity,assessed at baseline,immediately post-intervention,and at 24 hours,1 week and 2 weeks follow-ups.Results For the primary outcomes,no significant differences between groups were observed for pain sensitivity(PPT,padj=0.812;HPS,padj=0.608).However,an exploratory sensitivity analysis treating each trial as an individual observation revealed a significant effect on HPS(padj=0.036).For the secondary and additional outcomes,although there were initial improvements in joyful feelings and reductions in negative affect at 2 weeks post-intervention,these effects did not remain significant after multiple comparison corrections.Notably,reductions in rumination were statistically significant at both 1-week and 2-week follow-ups(1 week,p_(adj)=0.040;2 weeks,p_(adj)=0.042).There were no significant effects on NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI or self-criticism.Conclusions A single session of tDCS over the left DLPFC did not produce significant changes in pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI.A sensitivity analysis indicated an effect on heat pain sensitivity,possibly reflecting changes in brain activity,warranting confirmation through neuroimaging.These findings suggest that tDCS warrants further investigation for its potential to influence pain-related cognitive-affective processes in individuals with NSSI.展开更多
BACKGROUND Depression has become a global public health problem.In recent years,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has gained considerable attention as a noninvasive treatment for depression.AIM To investigate the ...BACKGROUND Depression has become a global public health problem.In recent years,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has gained considerable attention as a noninvasive treatment for depression.AIM To investigate the research hotspots and trends in the field of TMS-based depression treatment from a bibliometric perspective.METHODS Using the Web of Science Core Collection,articles published between 2003 and 2022 on TMS-based depression treatment were retrieved from the science citation index expanded.The publication trends and research hotspots were analyzed using VOSviewer,CiteSpace,and the bibliometric online analysis platform.Regression analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2021 to predict publication growth trends.RESULTS We identified a total of 702 articles on TMS-based depression treatment with a predominance of clinical studies.Analysis of collaborative networks showed that the United States,the University of Toronto,and Daskalakis ZJ were identified as the most impactful country,institution,and researcher,respectively.In keyword burst analysis,it was found that theta burst stimulation(TBS),functional connectivity,and frequency were the most recent research hotspots.CONCLUSION TMS provides a novel therapeutic option for patients with treatment-resistant depression.Neuroimaging technology enables more precise TMS treatment,while the novel TMS modality,TBS,enhances both therapeutic efficacy and patient experience in TMS-based depression treatment.The integration of neuroimaging techniques with TBS represents a promising research direction for advancing TMS-based depression treatment.This study presents systematic information and recommendations to guide future research on TMS-based depression treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prevalence of addiction makes it a significant public health issue.Recently,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has garnered significant attention as a promising treatment for addiction.AIM To analyze...BACKGROUND The prevalence of addiction makes it a significant public health issue.Recently,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has garnered significant attention as a promising treatment for addiction.AIM To analyze development trends and research hotspots in TMS-based addiction treatment using a bibliometric approach.METHODS Articles on TMS-based addiction treatment from 2001 to 2023 were sourced from the Science Citation Index Expanded in the Web of Science Core Collection.CiteSpace software,VOSviewer,the"bibliometrix"R software package,and the bibliometric online analysis platform were used to analyze the current publication trends and hotspots.RESULTS Total 190 articles on TMS-based addiction treatment were identified,with clinical studies being the most prevalent.The United States led in both publication volume and international collaborations.Medical University of South Carolina and Zangen A were the most productive institution and author,respectively.Neurobiology,alcohol use disorder,and repetitive TMS were the most recent research hotspots.CONCLUSION Future research should focus on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying TMS-based addiction treatment.This study offers comprehensive insights and recommendations for advancing research on TMS-based addiction treatment.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neur...Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients incapacitated.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological conditions.Over the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and connectivity.It has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological insult.However,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of studies.This study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated mechanisms.This review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Apoptotic mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also highlighted.Finally,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.展开更多
Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance to...Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despit...Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despite differences in the mechanisms of injury,both conditions share a high prevalence of motor and cognitive impairments.These deficits show only limited natural recovery.展开更多
Ultrasound neuromodulation is a powerful tool for brain investigation and holds great promise for treating brain diseases.However,due to the heterogeneous acoustic properties of skulls,existing ultrasound neuromodulat...Ultrasound neuromodulation is a powerful tool for brain investigation and holds great promise for treating brain diseases.However,due to the heterogeneous acoustic properties of skulls,existing ultrasound neuromodulation faces the challenge of severe transcranial acoustic attenuation.To overcome such limitations,we report an implantable bio-chip for visible and controllable mi-crowave-induced transcranial acoustic generation(MI-tAG).The bio-chip is soft,flexible,and biocompatible,with a thickness of 3mm,making it suitable for human intracranial implantation.The constituted fluid channels can cover an area of 50 mm×60 mm,enabling widefield neuronstimulation.The particles filled in the fluid channels have both high microwave absorption.ensuring efficient ultrasound generation,and magnetism,allowing noncontact and flexible ma-nipulation by external magnetic fields.The experimental results demonstrate that the optimal MI-tAG can be realized by the combination of particles arranged in a linear pattern and corre-sponding illumination via a linearly polarized microwave.Stability evaluation indicates that the particles can maintain a consistent acoustic intensity without degradation for at least seven days.The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments show that the MII-tAG can manipulate ultrasound sources and visibly locate them in real time.This study provides a potential innovative approach for future ultrasound neuromodulation,inspiring the development of more useful methods to advance brain research.This study introduces a promising innovative approach for transcranial acoustic generation,potentially inspiring the development of more effective methods for ad-vancing ultrasound neuromodulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Working memory serves as a fundamental cognitive function that substantially impacts performance in various cognitive tasks.Extensive neurophysiological research has established that theta oscillations(4-8 ...BACKGROUND Working memory serves as a fundamental cognitive function that substantially impacts performance in various cognitive tasks.Extensive neurophysiological research has established that theta oscillations(4-8 Hz)play an essential role in supporting working memory operations.Theta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)offers a potential mechanism for working memory enhancement through direct modulation of these fundamental neural oscillations.Nevertheless,current empirical evidence shows substantial variability in the observed effects of theta-tACS across studies.AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effects of thetatACS on working memory performance in healthy adults.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 10,2025.Effect sizes were computed using Hedges’g with 95%confidence intervals(CIs),with separate meta-analyses for all included studies and for distinct working memory paradigms[n-back and delayed matchto-sample(DMTS)tasks]to examine potential task-specific effects.Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to evaluate the influence of key moderating variables.RESULTS The systematic review included 21 studies(67 effect sizes).Initial meta-analysis showed theta-tACS moderately improved working memory(Hedges’g=0.405,95%CI:0.212-0.598).However,this effect became nonsignificant after correcting for publication bias(trim-and-fill adjusted Hedges’g=0.082,95%CI:-0.052 to 0.217).Task-specific analyses revealed significant benefits in n-back tasks(Hedges’g=0.463,95%CI:0.193-0.733)but not in DMTS tasks(Hedges’g=0.257,95%CI:-0.186 to 0.553).Moderator analyses showed that performance in n-back tasks was influenced by stimulation frequency(P=0.001),concurrent status(P=0.014),task modality(P=0.005),and duration(P=0.013),whereas only the region of targeted stimulation(P=0.012)moderated DMTS tasks.CONCLUSION Theta-tACS enhances working memory in healthy adults,with effects modulated by the task type and protocol parameters,offering dual implications for cognitive enhancement and clinical interventions.展开更多
Background:Facial nerve injury is a neurological condition that involves paralysis or weakness of the facial muscles.Repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation(rTAS)is a specialized acupuncture technique that has s...Background:Facial nerve injury is a neurological condition that involves paralysis or weakness of the facial muscles.Repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation(rTAS)is a specialized acupuncture technique that has shown effectiveness in clinical studies for treating facial nerve paralysis;however,its underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood.We aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of rTAS on facial nerve compression injury-induced facial paralysis in rats.Methods:Fifty rats were divided into five groups(n=10 per group):control group(CG),model group(MG),and three rTAS groups:0-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-0),2-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-2),5-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-5).The MG and rTAS groups underwent facial nerve compression to model paralysis,whereas CG underwent nerve exposure only.The rTAS groups then received acupuncture(30 min daily for 14 days)with varying twisting and rest durations.We assessed facial function,temperature,and electrophysiology,followed by serum and facial nerve collection for hematoxylin and eosin,Nissl,and Masson's staining,and for immunohistochemistry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to explore nerve repair factors.Results:Compared with the CG,the MG showed reduced facial function,prolonged latency and decreased amplitude of compound muscle action potentials,and more severe nerve injury,including lower Nissl body counts and collagen fiber ratios(p<0.05).rTAS treatment alleviated facial nerve damage;rTAS-5 exhibited the greatest effects,with improved facial function,nerve activity,and electrophysiological indices and reduced pathological scores.rTAS-5 also enhanced histological features such as Nissl body density and collagen fiber ratios(p<0.05).Moreover,rTAS-5 upregulated JAK1 and STAT3 expression in the facial nerve,suggesting activation of the JAK/STAT pathway during the repair process.Conclusions:rTAS may improve facial function in rats with facial paralysis,and a longer twisting time might yield better results.Our findings suggest that rTAS increases JAK1 and STAT3 expression to activate the JAK/STAT pathway,thereby promoting the regeneration and repair of damaged nerves.展开更多
BACKGROUND Trichotillomania is a challenging to treat psychiatric disorder,with limited evidence for pharmacotherapy.Treatment typically involves medication,cognitive behavioral therapy,and behavioral interventions.Re...BACKGROUND Trichotillomania is a challenging to treat psychiatric disorder,with limited evidence for pharmacotherapy.Treatment typically involves medication,cognitive behavioral therapy,and behavioral interventions.Recently,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has emerged as a potential treatment strategy.AIM To assess the role of TMS in treating trichotillomania.METHODS A systematic search using specific terms was done in PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published until May 17,2024,related to trichotillomania and TMS.The search included randomized controlled trials,open-label studies,case series,case reports,and retrospective chart reviews,following the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guideline.RESULTS We identified 32 articles(6 in PubMed and 26 in Scopus).After removing duplicates and articles that did not meet the selection criteria,we conducted a final analysis of four articles.These included one retrospective study,two case series,and one case study,with a total of 22 patients diagnosed with trichotillomania enrolled across all four studies.The brain areas targeted were the supplementary motor area(SMA),pre-SMA,and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.The studies reported an improvement in the severity of symptoms of trichotillomania in the majority of patients with negligible side effects.Nevertheless,it is important to note that the existing studies are mostly of low to moderate quality.CONCLUSION Early evidence suggests repetitive TMS and accelerated continuous theta burst stimulation can help treat trichotillomania adjunctively to other treatments.展开更多
Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects ...Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects of tTIS on the superior colliculus(SC),a region involved in eye movement control,in mice.Computational modeling revealed that tTIS delivers more focused stimulation to the SC than traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation.In vivo experiments,including Ca^(2+)signal recordings and eye movement tracking,showed that tTIS effectively modulates SC neural activity and induces eye movements.A significant correlation was found between stimulation frequency and saccade frequency,suggesting direct tTIS-induced modulation of SC activity.These results demonstrate the precision of tTIS in targeting deep brain regions and regulating eye movements,highlighting its potential for neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing in...BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing introduced TMS in 2015.In practical applications,it has been found that different models of instruments and technical parameters can lead to differences in therapeutic efficacy.Therefore,our hospital selected the Danish TMS instrument,which ranks second in China,to test patients with schizophrenia from March 2021 to July 2021,with a focus on comparing the results at 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 15 Hz.The testing time is concentrated between 8:30 to 10:30 in the morning.A contingency plan was made for the quality after inspection before testing.Two evaluators independently control the quality of the contingency plan.The data is independently saved and proofread by two evaluators.The purpose of this study is to translate the research results into clinical practice and provide reference basis.AIM To investigate the effects of rehabilitation therapy using rTMS on the negative symptoms and event-related potential component of P300 in chronic schizophrenia.METHODS One hundred and five patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly allocated to three groups based on the frequency of rTMS(5,10,or 15 Hz).The patients underwent five sessions of rTMS per week for 5 weeks.We compared the pre-and post-treatment P300 latency and scores for the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS).RESULTS A significant decrease in SANS score after rTMS was observed in the 10-Hz group(P<0.05),which was not observed in the 5-Hz and 15-Hz groups.There was a significant increase in P300 amplitude in the 10-Hz group after rTMS treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in P300 latency(P>0.05).The improvement of SANS score in the 10-Hz rTMS group was related to patient age and disease course.CONCLUSION rTMS at 10 Hz improved negative symptoms and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia;however,further studies on the mechanism of action are required to validate our observations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD),an acute neuropsychiatric complication in elderly surgical patients,manifests as attention and cognitive disturbances that may last 24-72 hours after surgery,potentially progress...BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD),an acute neuropsychiatric complication in elderly surgical patients,manifests as attention and cognitive disturbances that may last 24-72 hours after surgery,potentially progressing to dementia.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),a non-invasive neuromodulation technique,enhances cortical excitability and cognitive function by modulating brain networks and synaptic plasticity.Elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery face elevated POD risks due to prolonged anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum-induced cerebral hypoperfusion.This study investigates whether pre-anesthesia tDCS can reduce POD incidence in this population.AIM To investigate the effect of preoperative tDCS on reducing the incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 220 elderly patients who underwent major laparoscopic surgery between April 2024 and December 2024.Patients were randomly assigned to the active-tDCS(group A)and sham-tDCS(group S)groups.A single session of tDCS or sham stimulation was administered 30 minutes before anesthesia induction.The primary outcome was the incidence of POD during within 3 days postoperatively.RESULTS A total of 201 patients were included in the final analysis,with 100 patients in group A and 101 in group S.The incidence of POD within 3 days postoperatively was 7.0%in group A,which was significantly lower than 22.8%in group S.On postoperative day 1,the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores significantly differed between the two groups,but the pain scores showed no significant difference.CONCLUSION A single session of preoperative tDCS can reduce the incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery and can also reduce postoperative anxiety and depression in these patients.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease patients,in addition to typical motor symptoms,often experience various psychological symptoms,including depression,anxiety,cognitive impairment,impulse control disorders,and psychotic symptoms.Th...Parkinson’s disease patients,in addition to typical motor symptoms,often experience various psychological symptoms,including depression,anxiety,cognitive impairment,impulse control disorders,and psychotic symptoms.These symptoms severely affect patients’quality of life and may even cause a greater disease burden than motor symptoms.This review focuses on the application progress of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique in the treatment of psychological symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.Studies have shown that repetitive TMS(rTMS)has significant improvement effects on Parkinson’s disease-related depressive symptoms,with mechanisms possibly related to the regulation of the prefrontal-striatal dopamine pathway and the promotion of neuroplasticity.For anxiety symptoms,continuous theta burst stimulation has shown potential in indirect regulation of the amygdala and hippocampal regions.For cognitive impairment,high-frequency rTMS applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can improve executive function deficits,while bilateral coordinated stimulation protocols help enhance attention and memory functions.For impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease patients,inhibitory stimulation applied to the orbitofrontal cortex can alleviate pathological gambling and compulsive behaviors.In terms of sleep disorders,TMS has also shown potential efficacy in regulating circadian rhythms and improving rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.However,current research still has limitations such as small sample sizes,non-standardized stimulation protocols,and insufficient evaluation of long-term efficacy.Future research directions should focus on optimizing stimulation parameters,exploring individualized treatment protocols,integrating multimodal imaging assessments,and conducting large-sample randomized controlled trials to clarify the clinical application value of TMS in the rehabilitation of psychological symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,providing new approaches for the comprehensive management of this common neurodegenerative disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To i...BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)in patients with MCI.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 180 patients with MCI who were admitted to The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023.Participants were allocated into the research(n=98,receiving rTMS)and control groups(n=82,receiving sham stimulation).Memory tests,cognitive function assessments,event-related potential–P300 tests,and electroencephalogram(EEG)examinations were conducted pre-treatment and post-treatment.Further,memory quotient(MQ),cognitive function scores,and EEG grading results were compared,along with adverse reaction incidences.RESULTS Pre-treatment MQ scores,long-term and short-term memory,as well as immediate memory scores,demonstrated no notable differences between the groups.Post-treatment,the research group exhibited significant increases in MQ scores,long-term memory,and short-term memory compared to baseline(P<0.05),with these improvements being statistically superior to those in the control group.However,immediate memory scores exhibited no significant change(P>0.05).Further,the research group demonstrated statistically better post-treatment scores on the Revised Wechsler Memory Scale than the control group.Furthermore,post-treatment P300 latency and amplitude improved significantly in the research group,surpassing the control group.EEG grading in the research group improved,and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than in the control group.CONCLUSION Patients with MCI receiving rTMS therapy demonstrated improved memory and cognitive functions and EEG grading and exhibited high safety with fewer adverse reactions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive tr...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.展开更多
Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disorder associated with stroke,decompression sickness and migraine.Combining synchronized contrast transcranial Doppler with contrast transthoracic echocardiograp...Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disorder associated with stroke,decompression sickness and migraine.Combining synchronized contrast transcranial Doppler with contrast transthoracic echocardiography has important clinical significance and can improve the accuracy of detecting right-left shunts(RLSs)in patients with PFO.In this letter,regarding an original study presented by Yao et al,we present our insights and discuss how to better help clinicians evaluate changes in PFO-related RLS.展开更多
Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a sign...Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a significant proportion of patients with MCI progress to dementia.However,current pharmacological treatments are characterized by side effects and poor patient compliance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective,noninvasive alternative treatments.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is becoming a widely studied noninvasive treatment for central nervous system disease.The therapeutic effects of rTMS on patients with MCI and its underlying mechanism are noteworthy issues.Recently,a growing number of studies have shown that meningeal lymphatic vessel damage may be related to cognitive dysfunction.Whether the improvement of the meningeal lymphatic system is an important mechanism through which rTMS improves the clinical manifestations of MCI is worthy of further study.展开更多
Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aber...Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aberrations and pressure attenuation;these can distort and shift the acoustic focus,thus hindering the efficiency of tFUS therapy.To achieve effective treatments,phased array transducers combined with aberration correction algorithms are commonly implemented.The present report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods used for tFUS phase aberration correction.We first searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies on phase aberration correction algorithms,identifying 54 articles for review.Relevant information,including the principles of algorithms and refocusing performances,were then extracted from the selected articles.The phase correction algorithms involved two main steps:acoustic field estimation and transmitted pulse adjustment.Our review identified key benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of these algorithms,each of which was used in at least three studies.These benchmarks included pressure and intensity,positioning error,focal region size,peak sidelobe ratio,and computational efficiency.Algorithm performances varied under different benchmarks,thus highlighting the importance of application-specific algorithm selection for achieving optimal tFUS therapy outcomes.The present review provides a thorough overview and comparison of various phase correction algorithms,and may offer valuable guidance to tFUS researchers when selecting appropriate phase correction algorithms for specific applications.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)on improving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:60 PD patients who visited the hospital from September 2023 to Augus...Objective:To study the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)on improving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:60 PD patients who visited the hospital from September 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A received conventional medication plus TMS treatment,while Group B received medication only.The efficacy of motor function improvement,neurological symptoms,mental state,sleep quality,quality of life,and adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of Group A was higher than that of Group B(P<0.05).The scores of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic(SCOPA-AUT),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The quality of life scale(SF-36)score in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:TMS used in the treatment of PD patients can improve patients’mental state and motor function,optimize sleep quality and quality of life,and is safe and efficient.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82471564)YT is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322035,32171078).
文摘Background Pain sensitivity is critical for preventing non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviours;however,individuals engaging in such behaviours often exhibit decreased pain sensitivity,which may undermine this natural safeguard.The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)is a key region involved in pain regulation,and recent approaches using transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)to target the DLPFC have shown potential for modulating pain processing and restoring normal pain perception for individuals engaging in NSSI behaviours.Aims This study aimed to explore the immediate and short-term effects of a single session of tDCS on pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI,as well as its secondary effects on mood and NSSI-related factors.Methods In this randomised,double-blind,parallel,sham-controlled clinical trial,participants with a history of NSSI were randomly assigned to receive either active or sham tDCS.The intervention consisted of a single 20 min tDCS session targeting the left DLPFC.The primary outcome was pain sensitivity,measured by the pressure pain threshold(PPT)and heat pain score(HPS).Secondary and additional outcomes included NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI,mood-related variables and exploratory cognitive-affective processes such as rumination,self-criticism and self-perceived pain sensitivity,assessed at baseline,immediately post-intervention,and at 24 hours,1 week and 2 weeks follow-ups.Results For the primary outcomes,no significant differences between groups were observed for pain sensitivity(PPT,padj=0.812;HPS,padj=0.608).However,an exploratory sensitivity analysis treating each trial as an individual observation revealed a significant effect on HPS(padj=0.036).For the secondary and additional outcomes,although there were initial improvements in joyful feelings and reductions in negative affect at 2 weeks post-intervention,these effects did not remain significant after multiple comparison corrections.Notably,reductions in rumination were statistically significant at both 1-week and 2-week follow-ups(1 week,p_(adj)=0.040;2 weeks,p_(adj)=0.042).There were no significant effects on NSSI urges,NSSI resistance,self-efficacy in resisting NSSI or self-criticism.Conclusions A single session of tDCS over the left DLPFC did not produce significant changes in pain sensitivity in individuals with NSSI.A sensitivity analysis indicated an effect on heat pain sensitivity,possibly reflecting changes in brain activity,warranting confirmation through neuroimaging.These findings suggest that tDCS warrants further investigation for its potential to influence pain-related cognitive-affective processes in individuals with NSSI.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82270916,No.81800748 and No.82371478the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Basic and Clinical Collaborative Research Enhancement Program Cultivation Special Funding Project,No.2022sfy009.
文摘BACKGROUND Depression has become a global public health problem.In recent years,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has gained considerable attention as a noninvasive treatment for depression.AIM To investigate the research hotspots and trends in the field of TMS-based depression treatment from a bibliometric perspective.METHODS Using the Web of Science Core Collection,articles published between 2003 and 2022 on TMS-based depression treatment were retrieved from the science citation index expanded.The publication trends and research hotspots were analyzed using VOSviewer,CiteSpace,and the bibliometric online analysis platform.Regression analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2021 to predict publication growth trends.RESULTS We identified a total of 702 articles on TMS-based depression treatment with a predominance of clinical studies.Analysis of collaborative networks showed that the United States,the University of Toronto,and Daskalakis ZJ were identified as the most impactful country,institution,and researcher,respectively.In keyword burst analysis,it was found that theta burst stimulation(TBS),functional connectivity,and frequency were the most recent research hotspots.CONCLUSION TMS provides a novel therapeutic option for patients with treatment-resistant depression.Neuroimaging technology enables more precise TMS treatment,while the novel TMS modality,TBS,enhances both therapeutic efficacy and patient experience in TMS-based depression treatment.The integration of neuroimaging techniques with TBS represents a promising research direction for advancing TMS-based depression treatment.This study presents systematic information and recommendations to guide future research on TMS-based depression treatment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81973620Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,No.Y20220091.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of addiction makes it a significant public health issue.Recently,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has garnered significant attention as a promising treatment for addiction.AIM To analyze development trends and research hotspots in TMS-based addiction treatment using a bibliometric approach.METHODS Articles on TMS-based addiction treatment from 2001 to 2023 were sourced from the Science Citation Index Expanded in the Web of Science Core Collection.CiteSpace software,VOSviewer,the"bibliometrix"R software package,and the bibliometric online analysis platform were used to analyze the current publication trends and hotspots.RESULTS Total 190 articles on TMS-based addiction treatment were identified,with clinical studies being the most prevalent.The United States led in both publication volume and international collaborations.Medical University of South Carolina and Zangen A were the most productive institution and author,respectively.Neurobiology,alcohol use disorder,and repetitive TMS were the most recent research hotspots.CONCLUSION Future research should focus on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying TMS-based addiction treatment.This study offers comprehensive insights and recommendations for advancing research on TMS-based addiction treatment.
基金supported by the Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Brain Project(to KW)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.31970979(to KW),82101498(to XW)the STI2030-Major Projects,No.2021ZD0201800(to PH).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients incapacitated.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological conditions.Over the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and connectivity.It has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological insult.However,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of studies.This study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated mechanisms.This review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Apoptotic mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also highlighted.Finally,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nos.G2021KY05107,G2021KY05101the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32071316,32211530049+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2022-JM482the Education and Teaching Reform Funds for the Central Universities,No.23GZ230102(all to LL and HH).
文摘Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.
基金supported by the Defitech Foundation(Morges,CH)to FCHthe Bertarelli Foundation-Catalyst program(Gstaad,CH)to FCH+2 种基金the Wyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering the Lighthouse Partnership for AI-guided Neuromodulation to FCHthe Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Sante(FRQS#342969)to CEPthe Neuro X Postdoctoral Fellowship Program to CEP。
文摘Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despite differences in the mechanisms of injury,both conditions share a high prevalence of motor and cognitive impairments.These deficits show only limited natural recovery.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under grant 2023YFF0715303in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.62305148,62105140,62022037,and 61775028+2 种基金in part by the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province under Grant Nos.2019ZT08Y191 and 2022B1212010003in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant Nos.JCYJ20220530114010023,RCJC20231211090039066,20231116104616001,KQTD20190929172743294,JCYJ20230807093105010,RCBS20231211090802011in part by the Startup Grant from Southern University of Science and Technology under Grant No.PDJH2021C008.
文摘Ultrasound neuromodulation is a powerful tool for brain investigation and holds great promise for treating brain diseases.However,due to the heterogeneous acoustic properties of skulls,existing ultrasound neuromodulation faces the challenge of severe transcranial acoustic attenuation.To overcome such limitations,we report an implantable bio-chip for visible and controllable mi-crowave-induced transcranial acoustic generation(MI-tAG).The bio-chip is soft,flexible,and biocompatible,with a thickness of 3mm,making it suitable for human intracranial implantation.The constituted fluid channels can cover an area of 50 mm×60 mm,enabling widefield neuronstimulation.The particles filled in the fluid channels have both high microwave absorption.ensuring efficient ultrasound generation,and magnetism,allowing noncontact and flexible ma-nipulation by external magnetic fields.The experimental results demonstrate that the optimal MI-tAG can be realized by the combination of particles arranged in a linear pattern and corre-sponding illumination via a linearly polarized microwave.Stability evaluation indicates that the particles can maintain a consistent acoustic intensity without degradation for at least seven days.The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments show that the MII-tAG can manipulate ultrasound sources and visibly locate them in real time.This study provides a potential innovative approach for future ultrasound neuromodulation,inspiring the development of more useful methods to advance brain research.This study introduces a promising innovative approach for transcranial acoustic generation,potentially inspiring the development of more effective methods for ad-vancing ultrasound neuromodulation.
基金Supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Commission’s Special Clinical Research Project for the Hygiene Industry,No.20244Y0041Youth Initiation Fund of Naval Medical University,No.2023QN028 and No.2023QN030。
文摘BACKGROUND Working memory serves as a fundamental cognitive function that substantially impacts performance in various cognitive tasks.Extensive neurophysiological research has established that theta oscillations(4-8 Hz)play an essential role in supporting working memory operations.Theta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)offers a potential mechanism for working memory enhancement through direct modulation of these fundamental neural oscillations.Nevertheless,current empirical evidence shows substantial variability in the observed effects of theta-tACS across studies.AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effects of thetatACS on working memory performance in healthy adults.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 10,2025.Effect sizes were computed using Hedges’g with 95%confidence intervals(CIs),with separate meta-analyses for all included studies and for distinct working memory paradigms[n-back and delayed matchto-sample(DMTS)tasks]to examine potential task-specific effects.Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to evaluate the influence of key moderating variables.RESULTS The systematic review included 21 studies(67 effect sizes).Initial meta-analysis showed theta-tACS moderately improved working memory(Hedges’g=0.405,95%CI:0.212-0.598).However,this effect became nonsignificant after correcting for publication bias(trim-and-fill adjusted Hedges’g=0.082,95%CI:-0.052 to 0.217).Task-specific analyses revealed significant benefits in n-back tasks(Hedges’g=0.463,95%CI:0.193-0.733)but not in DMTS tasks(Hedges’g=0.257,95%CI:-0.186 to 0.553).Moderator analyses showed that performance in n-back tasks was influenced by stimulation frequency(P=0.001),concurrent status(P=0.014),task modality(P=0.005),and duration(P=0.013),whereas only the region of targeted stimulation(P=0.012)moderated DMTS tasks.CONCLUSION Theta-tACS enhances working memory in healthy adults,with effects modulated by the task type and protocol parameters,offering dual implications for cognitive enhancement and clinical interventions.
基金supported by the project Transcranial repetitive stimulation needle coupled with laser technology for the repair of facial nerve injury and JAK/STAT signal transduction mechanism(XM01330004)the project Transcranial Repetitive Acupuncture Coupled with Laser Modulation Regulates the NCAM/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in the Mechanism of Facial Nerve Axon Regeneration(2024GZL-CX32)Additional support was provided by the Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of Fujian Province and the 2023 College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(2023Y1377).
文摘Background:Facial nerve injury is a neurological condition that involves paralysis or weakness of the facial muscles.Repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation(rTAS)is a specialized acupuncture technique that has shown effectiveness in clinical studies for treating facial nerve paralysis;however,its underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood.We aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of rTAS on facial nerve compression injury-induced facial paralysis in rats.Methods:Fifty rats were divided into five groups(n=10 per group):control group(CG),model group(MG),and three rTAS groups:0-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-0),2-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-2),5-min repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation group(rTAS-5).The MG and rTAS groups underwent facial nerve compression to model paralysis,whereas CG underwent nerve exposure only.The rTAS groups then received acupuncture(30 min daily for 14 days)with varying twisting and rest durations.We assessed facial function,temperature,and electrophysiology,followed by serum and facial nerve collection for hematoxylin and eosin,Nissl,and Masson's staining,and for immunohistochemistry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to explore nerve repair factors.Results:Compared with the CG,the MG showed reduced facial function,prolonged latency and decreased amplitude of compound muscle action potentials,and more severe nerve injury,including lower Nissl body counts and collagen fiber ratios(p<0.05).rTAS treatment alleviated facial nerve damage;rTAS-5 exhibited the greatest effects,with improved facial function,nerve activity,and electrophysiological indices and reduced pathological scores.rTAS-5 also enhanced histological features such as Nissl body density and collagen fiber ratios(p<0.05).Moreover,rTAS-5 upregulated JAK1 and STAT3 expression in the facial nerve,suggesting activation of the JAK/STAT pathway during the repair process.Conclusions:rTAS may improve facial function in rats with facial paralysis,and a longer twisting time might yield better results.Our findings suggest that rTAS increases JAK1 and STAT3 expression to activate the JAK/STAT pathway,thereby promoting the regeneration and repair of damaged nerves.
文摘BACKGROUND Trichotillomania is a challenging to treat psychiatric disorder,with limited evidence for pharmacotherapy.Treatment typically involves medication,cognitive behavioral therapy,and behavioral interventions.Recently,transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has emerged as a potential treatment strategy.AIM To assess the role of TMS in treating trichotillomania.METHODS A systematic search using specific terms was done in PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published until May 17,2024,related to trichotillomania and TMS.The search included randomized controlled trials,open-label studies,case series,case reports,and retrospective chart reviews,following the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guideline.RESULTS We identified 32 articles(6 in PubMed and 26 in Scopus).After removing duplicates and articles that did not meet the selection criteria,we conducted a final analysis of four articles.These included one retrospective study,two case series,and one case study,with a total of 22 patients diagnosed with trichotillomania enrolled across all four studies.The brain areas targeted were the supplementary motor area(SMA),pre-SMA,and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.The studies reported an improvement in the severity of symptoms of trichotillomania in the majority of patients with negligible side effects.Nevertheless,it is important to note that the existing studies are mostly of low to moderate quality.CONCLUSION Early evidence suggests repetitive TMS and accelerated continuous theta burst stimulation can help treat trichotillomania adjunctively to other treatments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2394533,32222036,82030038,and 62472206)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0701400)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(2022410129,KJZD20230923115221044,and KCXFZ20201221173400001).
文摘Transcranial temporal interference stimulation(tTIS)is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique with the potential to precisely target deep brain structures.This study explores the neural and behavioral effects of tTIS on the superior colliculus(SC),a region involved in eye movement control,in mice.Computational modeling revealed that tTIS delivers more focused stimulation to the SC than traditional transcranial alternating current stimulation.In vivo experiments,including Ca^(2+)signal recordings and eye movement tracking,showed that tTIS effectively modulates SC neural activity and induces eye movements.A significant correlation was found between stimulation frequency and saccade frequency,suggesting direct tTIS-induced modulation of SC activity.These results demonstrate the precision of tTIS in targeting deep brain regions and regulating eye movements,highlighting its potential for neuroscientific research and therapeutic applications.
基金Supported by Key Discipline Construction Project of Neurology of Jiaxing City in Zhejiang Province of China,No.2023-ZC-006.
文摘BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing introduced TMS in 2015.In practical applications,it has been found that different models of instruments and technical parameters can lead to differences in therapeutic efficacy.Therefore,our hospital selected the Danish TMS instrument,which ranks second in China,to test patients with schizophrenia from March 2021 to July 2021,with a focus on comparing the results at 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 15 Hz.The testing time is concentrated between 8:30 to 10:30 in the morning.A contingency plan was made for the quality after inspection before testing.Two evaluators independently control the quality of the contingency plan.The data is independently saved and proofread by two evaluators.The purpose of this study is to translate the research results into clinical practice and provide reference basis.AIM To investigate the effects of rehabilitation therapy using rTMS on the negative symptoms and event-related potential component of P300 in chronic schizophrenia.METHODS One hundred and five patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly allocated to three groups based on the frequency of rTMS(5,10,or 15 Hz).The patients underwent five sessions of rTMS per week for 5 weeks.We compared the pre-and post-treatment P300 latency and scores for the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS).RESULTS A significant decrease in SANS score after rTMS was observed in the 10-Hz group(P<0.05),which was not observed in the 5-Hz and 15-Hz groups.There was a significant increase in P300 amplitude in the 10-Hz group after rTMS treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in P300 latency(P>0.05).The improvement of SANS score in the 10-Hz rTMS group was related to patient age and disease course.CONCLUSION rTMS at 10 Hz improved negative symptoms and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia;however,further studies on the mechanism of action are required to validate our observations.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD),an acute neuropsychiatric complication in elderly surgical patients,manifests as attention and cognitive disturbances that may last 24-72 hours after surgery,potentially progressing to dementia.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),a non-invasive neuromodulation technique,enhances cortical excitability and cognitive function by modulating brain networks and synaptic plasticity.Elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery face elevated POD risks due to prolonged anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum-induced cerebral hypoperfusion.This study investigates whether pre-anesthesia tDCS can reduce POD incidence in this population.AIM To investigate the effect of preoperative tDCS on reducing the incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 220 elderly patients who underwent major laparoscopic surgery between April 2024 and December 2024.Patients were randomly assigned to the active-tDCS(group A)and sham-tDCS(group S)groups.A single session of tDCS or sham stimulation was administered 30 minutes before anesthesia induction.The primary outcome was the incidence of POD during within 3 days postoperatively.RESULTS A total of 201 patients were included in the final analysis,with 100 patients in group A and 101 in group S.The incidence of POD within 3 days postoperatively was 7.0%in group A,which was significantly lower than 22.8%in group S.On postoperative day 1,the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores significantly differed between the two groups,but the pain scores showed no significant difference.CONCLUSION A single session of preoperative tDCS can reduce the incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing major laparoscopic surgery and can also reduce postoperative anxiety and depression in these patients.
文摘Parkinson’s disease patients,in addition to typical motor symptoms,often experience various psychological symptoms,including depression,anxiety,cognitive impairment,impulse control disorders,and psychotic symptoms.These symptoms severely affect patients’quality of life and may even cause a greater disease burden than motor symptoms.This review focuses on the application progress of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique in the treatment of psychological symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.Studies have shown that repetitive TMS(rTMS)has significant improvement effects on Parkinson’s disease-related depressive symptoms,with mechanisms possibly related to the regulation of the prefrontal-striatal dopamine pathway and the promotion of neuroplasticity.For anxiety symptoms,continuous theta burst stimulation has shown potential in indirect regulation of the amygdala and hippocampal regions.For cognitive impairment,high-frequency rTMS applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can improve executive function deficits,while bilateral coordinated stimulation protocols help enhance attention and memory functions.For impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease patients,inhibitory stimulation applied to the orbitofrontal cortex can alleviate pathological gambling and compulsive behaviors.In terms of sleep disorders,TMS has also shown potential efficacy in regulating circadian rhythms and improving rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.However,current research still has limitations such as small sample sizes,non-standardized stimulation protocols,and insufficient evaluation of long-term efficacy.Future research directions should focus on optimizing stimulation parameters,exploring individualized treatment protocols,integrating multimodal imaging assessments,and conducting large-sample randomized controlled trials to clarify the clinical application value of TMS in the rehabilitation of psychological symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,providing new approaches for the comprehensive management of this common neurodegenerative disease.
文摘BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)in patients with MCI.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 180 patients with MCI who were admitted to The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023.Participants were allocated into the research(n=98,receiving rTMS)and control groups(n=82,receiving sham stimulation).Memory tests,cognitive function assessments,event-related potential–P300 tests,and electroencephalogram(EEG)examinations were conducted pre-treatment and post-treatment.Further,memory quotient(MQ),cognitive function scores,and EEG grading results were compared,along with adverse reaction incidences.RESULTS Pre-treatment MQ scores,long-term and short-term memory,as well as immediate memory scores,demonstrated no notable differences between the groups.Post-treatment,the research group exhibited significant increases in MQ scores,long-term memory,and short-term memory compared to baseline(P<0.05),with these improvements being statistically superior to those in the control group.However,immediate memory scores exhibited no significant change(P>0.05).Further,the research group demonstrated statistically better post-treatment scores on the Revised Wechsler Memory Scale than the control group.Furthermore,post-treatment P300 latency and amplitude improved significantly in the research group,surpassing the control group.EEG grading in the research group improved,and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than in the control group.CONCLUSION Patients with MCI receiving rTMS therapy demonstrated improved memory and cognitive functions and EEG grading and exhibited high safety with fewer adverse reactions.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.
文摘Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disorder associated with stroke,decompression sickness and migraine.Combining synchronized contrast transcranial Doppler with contrast transthoracic echocardiography has important clinical significance and can improve the accuracy of detecting right-left shunts(RLSs)in patients with PFO.In this letter,regarding an original study presented by Yao et al,we present our insights and discuss how to better help clinicians evaluate changes in PFO-related RLS.
基金Supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Project,No.20230404040027the Scientific Technology Project of Qiqihar City,No.CSFGG-2025030.
文摘Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a significant proportion of patients with MCI progress to dementia.However,current pharmacological treatments are characterized by side effects and poor patient compliance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective,noninvasive alternative treatments.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is becoming a widely studied noninvasive treatment for central nervous system disease.The therapeutic effects of rTMS on patients with MCI and its underlying mechanism are noteworthy issues.Recently,a growing number of studies have shown that meningeal lymphatic vessel damage may be related to cognitive dysfunction.Whether the improvement of the meningeal lymphatic system is an important mechanism through which rTMS improves the clinical manifestations of MCI is worthy of further study.
基金supported by Start-Up Grant From ShanghaiTech University,2021F0209-000-09Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality,23ZR1442000。
文摘Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aberrations and pressure attenuation;these can distort and shift the acoustic focus,thus hindering the efficiency of tFUS therapy.To achieve effective treatments,phased array transducers combined with aberration correction algorithms are commonly implemented.The present report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods used for tFUS phase aberration correction.We first searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies on phase aberration correction algorithms,identifying 54 articles for review.Relevant information,including the principles of algorithms and refocusing performances,were then extracted from the selected articles.The phase correction algorithms involved two main steps:acoustic field estimation and transmitted pulse adjustment.Our review identified key benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of these algorithms,each of which was used in at least three studies.These benchmarks included pressure and intensity,positioning error,focal region size,peak sidelobe ratio,and computational efficiency.Algorithm performances varied under different benchmarks,thus highlighting the importance of application-specific algorithm selection for achieving optimal tFUS therapy outcomes.The present review provides a thorough overview and comparison of various phase correction algorithms,and may offer valuable guidance to tFUS researchers when selecting appropriate phase correction algorithms for specific applications.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)on improving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:60 PD patients who visited the hospital from September 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A received conventional medication plus TMS treatment,while Group B received medication only.The efficacy of motor function improvement,neurological symptoms,mental state,sleep quality,quality of life,and adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of Group A was higher than that of Group B(P<0.05).The scores of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic(SCOPA-AUT),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The quality of life scale(SF-36)score in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:TMS used in the treatment of PD patients can improve patients’mental state and motor function,optimize sleep quality and quality of life,and is safe and efficient.
