Objectives:To investigate the impact of a supervised bloodflow restriction(BFR)training program performed at different times of the morning on body composition and muscle performance in older,inactive adults.Methods:A...Objectives:To investigate the impact of a supervised bloodflow restriction(BFR)training program performed at different times of the morning on body composition and muscle performance in older,inactive adults.Methods:A single-arm intervention of supervised BFR resistance training was performed three times per week for six weeks.Participants(n=24;aged 65+years)were categorized into early morning(n=13;05:00–08:59)or late morning(n=11;09:00–12:00)groups.Primary outcomes were changes in body composition,total work,average peak power,average peak torque,muscle strength,and physical function.Results:Mixed model analysis of variance revealed a significant within-subject effect of time for all strength measures(p ranging from 0.017 to<0.001)and some physical function measures including the 30 s chair stand test,30 s bicep curl test,and grip strength(p ranging from 0.015 to<0.001).No between-group or time by group interaction effect was observed for all outcomes.Conclusions:This study showed that only six weeks of BFR training,performed at different time of the morning,did not enhance muscle mass and performance,but provided similar changes in muscle strength and some physical function tests in older adults.展开更多
Here we compare the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs alone or combined with exercise training on body weight and exercise capacity of obese patients.Randomized clinical trials that assessed the impact of any anti-obesit...Here we compare the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs alone or combined with exercise training on body weight and exercise capacity of obese patients.Randomized clinical trials that assessed the impact of any anti-obesity drug alone or combined with exercise training on body weight,body fat,fat-free mass and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese patients were retrieved from Pubmed and EMBASE up to May 2024.Risk of bias assessment was performed with RoB 2.0,and the GRADE approach assessed the certainty of evidence(CoE)of each main outcome.We included four publications summing up 202 patients.Two publications used orlistat as an anti-obesity drug treatment,while the other two adopted GLP-1 receptor agonist(liraglutide or tirzepatide)as a pharmacotherapy for weight management.Orlistat combined with exercise was superior to change body weight(mean difference(MD):−2.27 kg;95%CI:−2.86 to−1.69;CoE:very low),fat mass(MD:−2.89;95%CI:−3.87 to−1.91;CoE:very low),fat-free mass(MD:0.56;95%CI:0.40–0.72;CoE:very low),and VO_(2)Peak(MD:2.64;95%CI:2.52–2.76;CoE:very low).GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs combined with exercise had a great effect on body weight(MD:−3.96 kg;95%CI:−5.07 to−2.85;CoE:low),fat mass(MD:−1.76;95%CI:−2.24 to−1.27;CoE:low),fat-free mass(MD:0.50;95%CI:−0.98 to 1.98;CoE:very low)and VO_(2)Peak(MD:2.47;95%CI:1.31–3.63;CoE:very low).The results reported here suggest that exercise training remains an important approach in weight management when combined with pharmacological treatment.展开更多
The mechanism underlying body weight support treadmill training in elderly hemiplegic stroke patients is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the changes of cortical blood flow in seven elderly patients with...The mechanism underlying body weight support treadmill training in elderly hemiplegic stroke patients is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the changes of cortical blood flow in seven elderly patients with post-stroke hemiplegia before and after body weight support treadmill training by semi-quantitative analysis of regional cerebral blood flow assessed by single photon emission computed tomography. Body weight support treadmill training for 6 months was effective in improving cerebral blood flow and promoting the walking speed and balance recovery in elderly patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.展开更多
Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) w...Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.展开更多
Q345B carbon steel as well as Q450NQR1 and S500AW weathering steels were subjected to outdoor exposure corrosion tests in coal environments and indoor periodic immersion accelerated corrosion tests with a simulated co...Q345B carbon steel as well as Q450NQR1 and S500AW weathering steels were subjected to outdoor exposure corrosion tests in coal environments and indoor periodic immersion accelerated corrosion tests with a simulated coal leaching solution.The corrosion kinetics were studied by the weight loss method,and the corrosion morphology and corrosion product composition were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Afterward,correlation analysis of the indoor and outdoor tests was carried out by the gray correlation analysis method.The results show that the relationship between the corrosion weight loss and corrosion time of the three steels conforms to follow the exponent power law.In particular,Q450NQR1 steel has the best corrosion resistance.The types of corrosion products and the distribution of elements in the rust layer of the three steels are similar in the indoor and outdoor tests.The gray correlation degrees of the three steels in the indoor and outdoor tests are all greater than 0.6;thus,the two corrosion tests have a good correlation.Based on this,the accelerated simulation test method of the coal leaching solution is determined,and life prediction models of three steels in coal leaching solution are established to simulate the corrosion of the bottom board and side board.展开更多
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two types of high intensity interval training （HIIT） on body mass and physiological indexes in inactive female students. 27 inactive female students （mean age 24....The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two types of high intensity interval training （HIIT） on body mass and physiological indexes in inactive female students. 27 inactive female students （mean age 24.81 ±0.66 yr, height 162.09 ±0.67 cm, weight 59.41 ±0.33 kg） were voluntarily selected and randomly assigned to three groups （each group = 9 subjects） of high intensity interval training （type I）, high intensity interval training （type 2） and control. HIIT （type 1） （8 seconds of sprint running and 12 seconds of active recovery） was performed for 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week, 6-9 min. per session with above 90% maxHR. HIlT （type 2） （40-m shuttle run test with maximum speed） was performed with above 90% max HR while the control group did not participate in any training. Data analysis with dependent t test showed that HIIT （type 1） and HIlT （type 2） significantly increased VO2max while they decreased fat percentage and BMI. The intergroup data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at P 〈 0.05. The results showed a significant difference among HIlT （type 1）, HIIT （type 2） and control groups in VO2max, BMI and fat percentage.展开更多
背景伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病是一种日益严重的全球公共卫生问题,患者常伴有胰岛素抵抗、代谢异常及慢性炎症。尽管运动干预被广泛认为能改善这些状况,但同期有氧与抗阻训练对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的具体效果及其机制尚存在...背景伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病是一种日益严重的全球公共卫生问题,患者常伴有胰岛素抵抗、代谢异常及慢性炎症。尽管运动干预被广泛认为能改善这些状况,但同期有氧与抗阻训练对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的具体效果及其机制尚存在争议。目的通过Meta分析评估同期训练对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者身体成分、心肺耐力、糖脂代谢、炎症因子指标的效果,为该类人群非药物无创疗法的制订提供参考。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Ebsco、Embase、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库,检索同期训练运动对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者身体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢、糖尿病相关代谢标志物、炎症因子相关指标干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时间范围为2001年1月—2024年3月。基于Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评估纳入文献质量,Meta分析由Stata16.0软件完成。结果共纳入12项随机对照试验,包括967例伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,同期训练运动干预组身体成分[BMI:WMD=-0.46,P<0.001;体脂百分比(BF%):WMD=-3.49,P<0.001;去脂体质量(FFM%):WMD=3.26,P<0.001;腰围(WC):WMD=-2.73,P<0.001;臀围(HC):WMD=-2.78,P<0.001]、心肺耐力[最大摄氧量(VO_(2max)):WMD=3.85,P<0.001]、脂质代谢[三酰甘油(TG):SMD=-1.48,P=0.007;总胆固醇(TC):SMD=-1.66,P=0.002;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):SMD=1.10,P=0.011;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):SMD=-1.26,P=0.018]、糖尿病代谢标志物[糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1c)):WMD=-0.86,P<0.001;胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR):SMD=-0.97,P<0.004;血糖(Glucose):SMD=-1.32,P=0.014]、炎症标志物[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α):SMD=-1.98,P<0.001]显著改善。结论同期训练可显著改善伴有超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者体质健康相关结局指标,包括BMI、BF%、FFM%、WC、HC、VO_(2max)、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、HbA_(1c)、HOMA-IR、TNF-α,具体干预效果受训练总量及训练顺序影响。展开更多
基金Public Health Agency of Canada:Healthy Seniors Pilot Project(project number:C0089).
文摘Objectives:To investigate the impact of a supervised bloodflow restriction(BFR)training program performed at different times of the morning on body composition and muscle performance in older,inactive adults.Methods:A single-arm intervention of supervised BFR resistance training was performed three times per week for six weeks.Participants(n=24;aged 65+years)were categorized into early morning(n=13;05:00–08:59)or late morning(n=11;09:00–12:00)groups.Primary outcomes were changes in body composition,total work,average peak power,average peak torque,muscle strength,and physical function.Results:Mixed model analysis of variance revealed a significant within-subject effect of time for all strength measures(p ranging from 0.017 to<0.001)and some physical function measures including the 30 s chair stand test,30 s bicep curl test,and grip strength(p ranging from 0.015 to<0.001).No between-group or time by group interaction effect was observed for all outcomes.Conclusions:This study showed that only six weeks of BFR training,performed at different time of the morning,did not enhance muscle mass and performance,but provided similar changes in muscle strength and some physical function tests in older adults.
基金supported by Brazilian agencies CAPES(Finance Code 001)CNPq through PQ productivity scholarship.
文摘Here we compare the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs alone or combined with exercise training on body weight and exercise capacity of obese patients.Randomized clinical trials that assessed the impact of any anti-obesity drug alone or combined with exercise training on body weight,body fat,fat-free mass and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese patients were retrieved from Pubmed and EMBASE up to May 2024.Risk of bias assessment was performed with RoB 2.0,and the GRADE approach assessed the certainty of evidence(CoE)of each main outcome.We included four publications summing up 202 patients.Two publications used orlistat as an anti-obesity drug treatment,while the other two adopted GLP-1 receptor agonist(liraglutide or tirzepatide)as a pharmacotherapy for weight management.Orlistat combined with exercise was superior to change body weight(mean difference(MD):−2.27 kg;95%CI:−2.86 to−1.69;CoE:very low),fat mass(MD:−2.89;95%CI:−3.87 to−1.91;CoE:very low),fat-free mass(MD:0.56;95%CI:0.40–0.72;CoE:very low),and VO_(2)Peak(MD:2.64;95%CI:2.52–2.76;CoE:very low).GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs combined with exercise had a great effect on body weight(MD:−3.96 kg;95%CI:−5.07 to−2.85;CoE:low),fat mass(MD:−1.76;95%CI:−2.24 to−1.27;CoE:low),fat-free mass(MD:0.50;95%CI:−0.98 to 1.98;CoE:very low)and VO_(2)Peak(MD:2.47;95%CI:1.31–3.63;CoE:very low).The results reported here suggest that exercise training remains an important approach in weight management when combined with pharmacological treatment.
文摘The mechanism underlying body weight support treadmill training in elderly hemiplegic stroke patients is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the changes of cortical blood flow in seven elderly patients with post-stroke hemiplegia before and after body weight support treadmill training by semi-quantitative analysis of regional cerebral blood flow assessed by single photon emission computed tomography. Body weight support treadmill training for 6 months was effective in improving cerebral blood flow and promoting the walking speed and balance recovery in elderly patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.
基金Project(61175128) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA040203) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.
基金supported by the National Key ResearchandDevelopmentProgram.of China.(Grant,No.2017YFB0304602)the Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Metal Materials forMarine Equipment and Application(No.SKLMEA-K201908).
文摘Q345B carbon steel as well as Q450NQR1 and S500AW weathering steels were subjected to outdoor exposure corrosion tests in coal environments and indoor periodic immersion accelerated corrosion tests with a simulated coal leaching solution.The corrosion kinetics were studied by the weight loss method,and the corrosion morphology and corrosion product composition were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Afterward,correlation analysis of the indoor and outdoor tests was carried out by the gray correlation analysis method.The results show that the relationship between the corrosion weight loss and corrosion time of the three steels conforms to follow the exponent power law.In particular,Q450NQR1 steel has the best corrosion resistance.The types of corrosion products and the distribution of elements in the rust layer of the three steels are similar in the indoor and outdoor tests.The gray correlation degrees of the three steels in the indoor and outdoor tests are all greater than 0.6;thus,the two corrosion tests have a good correlation.Based on this,the accelerated simulation test method of the coal leaching solution is determined,and life prediction models of three steels in coal leaching solution are established to simulate the corrosion of the bottom board and side board.
文摘The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two types of high intensity interval training （HIIT） on body mass and physiological indexes in inactive female students. 27 inactive female students （mean age 24.81 ±0.66 yr, height 162.09 ±0.67 cm, weight 59.41 ±0.33 kg） were voluntarily selected and randomly assigned to three groups （each group = 9 subjects） of high intensity interval training （type I）, high intensity interval training （type 2） and control. HIIT （type 1） （8 seconds of sprint running and 12 seconds of active recovery） was performed for 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week, 6-9 min. per session with above 90% maxHR. HIlT （type 2） （40-m shuttle run test with maximum speed） was performed with above 90% max HR while the control group did not participate in any training. Data analysis with dependent t test showed that HIIT （type 1） and HIlT （type 2） significantly increased VO2max while they decreased fat percentage and BMI. The intergroup data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at P 〈 0.05. The results showed a significant difference among HIlT （type 1）, HIIT （type 2） and control groups in VO2max, BMI and fat percentage.
文摘背景伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病是一种日益严重的全球公共卫生问题,患者常伴有胰岛素抵抗、代谢异常及慢性炎症。尽管运动干预被广泛认为能改善这些状况,但同期有氧与抗阻训练对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的具体效果及其机制尚存在争议。目的通过Meta分析评估同期训练对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者身体成分、心肺耐力、糖脂代谢、炎症因子指标的效果,为该类人群非药物无创疗法的制订提供参考。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Ebsco、Embase、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库,检索同期训练运动对伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者身体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢、糖尿病相关代谢标志物、炎症因子相关指标干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时间范围为2001年1月—2024年3月。基于Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评估纳入文献质量,Meta分析由Stata16.0软件完成。结果共纳入12项随机对照试验,包括967例伴有超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,同期训练运动干预组身体成分[BMI:WMD=-0.46,P<0.001;体脂百分比(BF%):WMD=-3.49,P<0.001;去脂体质量(FFM%):WMD=3.26,P<0.001;腰围(WC):WMD=-2.73,P<0.001;臀围(HC):WMD=-2.78,P<0.001]、心肺耐力[最大摄氧量(VO_(2max)):WMD=3.85,P<0.001]、脂质代谢[三酰甘油(TG):SMD=-1.48,P=0.007;总胆固醇(TC):SMD=-1.66,P=0.002;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):SMD=1.10,P=0.011;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):SMD=-1.26,P=0.018]、糖尿病代谢标志物[糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1c)):WMD=-0.86,P<0.001;胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR):SMD=-0.97,P<0.004;血糖(Glucose):SMD=-1.32,P=0.014]、炎症标志物[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α):SMD=-1.98,P<0.001]显著改善。结论同期训练可显著改善伴有超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者体质健康相关结局指标,包括BMI、BF%、FFM%、WC、HC、VO_(2max)、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、HbA_(1c)、HOMA-IR、TNF-α,具体干预效果受训练总量及训练顺序影响。
