The international US executive in foreign assignments faces more obstacles than his counterpart for domestic assignments. He has to pursue better coping skills for： cultural, communication and language, self-capabili...The international US executive in foreign assignments faces more obstacles than his counterpart for domestic assignments. He has to pursue better coping skills for： cultural, communication and language, self-capability, stress management, and adjustment issues in the foreign settings. Premature return can be obviated through improved pre-departure training and post-arrival mentoring. US expatriates who are selected for foreign assignments in culturally distant and operationally different countries have an especially important need for their development and training. The challenge to adapt and become functional and fluent in the local surroundings in a very short time is very difficult for the expatriate. The expatriate＇s strange and difficult-to-fathom foreign environment causes him to be anxious as he works hard to adjust and be effective. The obstacles of dealing with the different business customs, social etiquette, and language differences make it difficult for communication, operating environments, and building professional relationships in an appropriate manner. He has to deal with the strangeness and unfamiliarity during the initial period after his arrival in the foreign country. This is further compounded by the pressing need for him to show good performance and produce results in his foreign assignment. He struggles to adjust and to perform the technical aspects of his task.展开更多
In the presence of dynamic organizational environment and a growing supply of‘knowledgeable employees’which require more professional managers to address their fast changing and increasing needs,senior and middle le...In the presence of dynamic organizational environment and a growing supply of‘knowledgeable employees’which require more professional managers to address their fast changing and increasing needs,senior and middle level managers are now required to keep up with the dynamic and learning environment more than ever.In order to train senior and middle level managers,the article has recommended four perspectives to encourage the development of learning manager.The first aspect for senior and middle level mangers is to integrate learning talents into their practices.The second point is to encourage managers to provide strong support for individuals and teams to develop a learning organization.The third point encourages learning managers and organizations to be composed into the culture of the organization.The last point advocates for more open and free dissemination of information and knowledge to be allowed within an organization.展开更多
The children’s Go training market is experiencing vigorous growth but also faces several challenges.As the importance of Go in cultural education increases,the market expands,with growing demand and involvement from ...The children’s Go training market is experiencing vigorous growth but also faces several challenges.As the importance of Go in cultural education increases,the market expands,with growing demand and involvement from training and educational institutions.However,the market encounters difficulties such as a shortage of high-quality Go coaches,uniformity in training content and methods,and high training costs.To address these issues,measures can be taken to strengthen the team of Go coaches,diversify training content and methods,and optimize the training cost structure,thereby promoting the healthy development of the children’s Go training market.展开更多
Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memor...Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memory training. In the present study, thirty dyslexic children aged 8-11 years were recruited from an elementary school in Wuhan, China. They received working-memory training including training in visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and central executive tasks. The difficulty of the tasks was adjusted based on the performance of each subject, and the training sessions lasted 40 minutes per day, for 5 weeks. The results showed that working-memory training significantly enhanced performance on the nontrained working memory tasks such as the visuospatial, the verbal domains, and central executive tasks in children with developmental dyslexia. More importantly, the visual rhyming task and reading fluency task were also significantly improved by training. Progress on working memory measures was related to changes in reading skills. These experimental findings indicate that working memory is a pivotal factor in reading development among children with developmental dyslexia, and interventions to improve working memory may help dyslexic children to become more proficient in reading.展开更多
目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=...目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。2组均给予认知训练、作业治疗、感觉统合训练的常规疗法,观察组在常规疗法的基础上给予体适能训练,治疗均1次/d,训练时长40 min/次,每周休息2 d,连续治疗8周。治疗前、治疗8周后分别采用Gesell发育量表中的粗大运动能区、大肌肉动作发展量表第2版(Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition,TGMD-2)、Berg平衡量表得分进行评定。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果连续治疗8周后,观察组患儿粗大运动发育年龄高于对照组[(33.10±7.72)个月与(27.57±7.03)个月,t=-2.987,P=0.003)]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于治疗前[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.07±4.03)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.24±3.81)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(46.31±6.92)分,t值分别为-5.951、-3.103、-4.978,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于对照组[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.51±2.58)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.56±2.33)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(47.07±3.65)分,t值分别为2.922、2.039、2.723,P值均<0.05]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于治疗前[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.24±4.52)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.67±4.17)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(40.91±8.43)分,t值分别为-2.729、-2.842、-3.025,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于对照组[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.20±4.89)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.87±2.43)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(41.07±5.76)分,t值分别为2.020、2.919、2.957,P值均<0.05]。结论医体结合模式能有效提高智力发育障碍儿童的基本动作技能,改善平衡功能,促进运动发育,值得临床推广。展开更多
With the development of computer science,the software technology changes with each passing day,itput forward higher and higher technical requirements for the software developers.Aim at each link in the process of deve...With the development of computer science,the software technology changes with each passing day,itput forward higher and higher technical requirements for the software developers.Aim at each link in the process of development,the present paper put forward a kind of software engineering personnel training system,the system can build a unified learning,management and evaluation system,to avoid the disadvantages of the traditional single system structure;the training process is more flexible,and it couldreduce the complexity of the artificial training and cause it to become more practical value.展开更多
发育性语言障碍(developmental language disorder,DLD)是最常见的神经发育障碍之一,有效的干预对改善发育性语言障碍儿童的生活质量至关重要。近年来,计算机辅助训练(computer-aided training,CAT)已被广泛应用于语言治疗中,成为一种...发育性语言障碍(developmental language disorder,DLD)是最常见的神经发育障碍之一,有效的干预对改善发育性语言障碍儿童的生活质量至关重要。近年来,计算机辅助训练(computer-aided training,CAT)已被广泛应用于语言治疗中,成为一种创新的治疗手段。然而,CAT在不同语言能力领域的有效性尚未明确。通过对CAT在DLD儿童语言治疗中的效果及其影响因素进行综述。阐明,CAT可有效改善DLD儿童的语音能力和词汇能力,但对语法等高级语言能力的疗效尚不明确。目前CAT在改善DLD患儿表达性语言能力的方面的证据较少,未来需要研发更多针对表达性语言的CAT应用程序。影响CAT语言治疗效果的因素包括干预领域、提供干预的人员和地点、干预持续时间和强度。未来可引入语音分析和文本分析技术,以实现基于CAT的表达性语言治疗的即时反馈,提高患者参与治疗的积极性。此外,仍需更高循证级别的研究证据来指导未来CAT应用程序的更新和迭代。展开更多
交互模仿训练作为自然发展行为干预框架下的重要方法,基于应用行为分析原理,通过后效模仿、语言映射、示范、提示、强化五大技术,将模仿训练融入自然社交情境,能有效改善孤独症儿童的模仿能力,并促进其社会交往、语言等多领域发展。通...交互模仿训练作为自然发展行为干预框架下的重要方法,基于应用行为分析原理,通过后效模仿、语言映射、示范、提示、强化五大技术,将模仿训练融入自然社交情境,能有效改善孤独症儿童的模仿能力,并促进其社会交往、语言等多领域发展。通过主题词检索法对EBSCO、Web of Science、PubMed、ProQuest等数据库进行系统检索,最终纳入19篇有效文献,围绕干预对象、研究设计、干预实施者与环境、干预目标与效果等方面进行系统梳理与分析。研究发现,交互模仿训练可提升孤独症儿童的模仿能力,且技能泛化与维持效果较好,并具有多领域溢出效应。未来,国内研究应着力推进交互模仿训练的本土化适应性调整,并积极探索数字化干预路径,为我国孤独症儿童模仿能力干预提供借鉴。展开更多
Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research ...Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research practices.Celebrated a day earlier on 28 November,an initiative led by the Laboratory Animal Science Association of Malaysia(LASAM),comprised a coordinated three-month programme from September to November.A series of targeted activities were conducted,including professional exchange visits,competency-based rodent care and use workshops,refinement-centred blood sampling training,and institutional lectures on ethics and welfare.These engagements involved researchers,technicians,ethics committee members,and undergraduate trainees;reflecting ALAD's aim of fostering ethical awareness and technical proficiency across all levels of research personnel.A major highlight of the campaign was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between LASAM and Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM),strengthening long-term collaboration in training,welfare standard harmonisation,and shared ethical governance.The programme also delivered measurable outcomes:over 92%of participants improved their understanding of the 3Rs and humane endpoints,more than 95%attained competency in basic rodent handling,and national interest in laboratory animal science increased,as reflected by rising LASAM membership.Malaysia's ALAD initiatives emphasise the importance of grassroots engagement,refinement-based training,and strong institutional partnerships in advancing ethical and humane science.The country's experience provides a replicable framework for other Asian regions seeking to enhance welfare capacity,harmonise standards,and cultivate responsible research communities.Malaysia remains committed to supporting ALAD's ongoing mission to advance scientific integrity and animal welfare across Asia.展开更多
文摘The international US executive in foreign assignments faces more obstacles than his counterpart for domestic assignments. He has to pursue better coping skills for： cultural, communication and language, self-capability, stress management, and adjustment issues in the foreign settings. Premature return can be obviated through improved pre-departure training and post-arrival mentoring. US expatriates who are selected for foreign assignments in culturally distant and operationally different countries have an especially important need for their development and training. The challenge to adapt and become functional and fluent in the local surroundings in a very short time is very difficult for the expatriate. The expatriate＇s strange and difficult-to-fathom foreign environment causes him to be anxious as he works hard to adjust and be effective. The obstacles of dealing with the different business customs, social etiquette, and language differences make it difficult for communication, operating environments, and building professional relationships in an appropriate manner. He has to deal with the strangeness and unfamiliarity during the initial period after his arrival in the foreign country. This is further compounded by the pressing need for him to show good performance and produce results in his foreign assignment. He struggles to adjust and to perform the technical aspects of his task.
文摘In the presence of dynamic organizational environment and a growing supply of‘knowledgeable employees’which require more professional managers to address their fast changing and increasing needs,senior and middle level managers are now required to keep up with the dynamic and learning environment more than ever.In order to train senior and middle level managers,the article has recommended four perspectives to encourage the development of learning manager.The first aspect for senior and middle level mangers is to integrate learning talents into their practices.The second point is to encourage managers to provide strong support for individuals and teams to develop a learning organization.The third point encourages learning managers and organizations to be composed into the culture of the organization.The last point advocates for more open and free dissemination of information and knowledge to be allowed within an organization.
基金2024 National College Student Innovation Training Program“Three Kingdoms Go”-Enlightenment of Teaching and Learning Go(Project No.G20240402)。
文摘The children’s Go training market is experiencing vigorous growth but also faces several challenges.As the importance of Go in cultural education increases,the market expands,with growing demand and involvement from training and educational institutions.However,the market encounters difficulties such as a shortage of high-quality Go coaches,uniformity in training content and methods,and high training costs.To address these issues,measures can be taken to strengthen the team of Go coaches,diversify training content and methods,and optimize the training cost structure,thereby promoting the healthy development of the children’s Go training market.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30872132
文摘Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memory training. In the present study, thirty dyslexic children aged 8-11 years were recruited from an elementary school in Wuhan, China. They received working-memory training including training in visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and central executive tasks. The difficulty of the tasks was adjusted based on the performance of each subject, and the training sessions lasted 40 minutes per day, for 5 weeks. The results showed that working-memory training significantly enhanced performance on the nontrained working memory tasks such as the visuospatial, the verbal domains, and central executive tasks in children with developmental dyslexia. More importantly, the visual rhyming task and reading fluency task were also significantly improved by training. Progress on working memory measures was related to changes in reading skills. These experimental findings indicate that working memory is a pivotal factor in reading development among children with developmental dyslexia, and interventions to improve working memory may help dyslexic children to become more proficient in reading.
文摘目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。2组均给予认知训练、作业治疗、感觉统合训练的常规疗法,观察组在常规疗法的基础上给予体适能训练,治疗均1次/d,训练时长40 min/次,每周休息2 d,连续治疗8周。治疗前、治疗8周后分别采用Gesell发育量表中的粗大运动能区、大肌肉动作发展量表第2版(Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition,TGMD-2)、Berg平衡量表得分进行评定。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果连续治疗8周后,观察组患儿粗大运动发育年龄高于对照组[(33.10±7.72)个月与(27.57±7.03)个月,t=-2.987,P=0.003)]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于治疗前[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.07±4.03)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.24±3.81)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(46.31±6.92)分,t值分别为-5.951、-3.103、-4.978,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于对照组[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.51±2.58)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.56±2.33)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(47.07±3.65)分,t值分别为2.922、2.039、2.723,P值均<0.05]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于治疗前[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.24±4.52)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.67±4.17)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(40.91±8.43)分,t值分别为-2.729、-2.842、-3.025,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于对照组[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.20±4.89)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.87±2.43)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(41.07±5.76)分,t值分别为2.020、2.919、2.957,P值均<0.05]。结论医体结合模式能有效提高智力发育障碍儿童的基本动作技能,改善平衡功能,促进运动发育,值得临床推广。
文摘With the development of computer science,the software technology changes with each passing day,itput forward higher and higher technical requirements for the software developers.Aim at each link in the process of development,the present paper put forward a kind of software engineering personnel training system,the system can build a unified learning,management and evaluation system,to avoid the disadvantages of the traditional single system structure;the training process is more flexible,and it couldreduce the complexity of the artificial training and cause it to become more practical value.
文摘发育性语言障碍(developmental language disorder,DLD)是最常见的神经发育障碍之一,有效的干预对改善发育性语言障碍儿童的生活质量至关重要。近年来,计算机辅助训练(computer-aided training,CAT)已被广泛应用于语言治疗中,成为一种创新的治疗手段。然而,CAT在不同语言能力领域的有效性尚未明确。通过对CAT在DLD儿童语言治疗中的效果及其影响因素进行综述。阐明,CAT可有效改善DLD儿童的语音能力和词汇能力,但对语法等高级语言能力的疗效尚不明确。目前CAT在改善DLD患儿表达性语言能力的方面的证据较少,未来需要研发更多针对表达性语言的CAT应用程序。影响CAT语言治疗效果的因素包括干预领域、提供干预的人员和地点、干预持续时间和强度。未来可引入语音分析和文本分析技术,以实现基于CAT的表达性语言治疗的即时反馈,提高患者参与治疗的积极性。此外,仍需更高循证级别的研究证据来指导未来CAT应用程序的更新和迭代。
文摘交互模仿训练作为自然发展行为干预框架下的重要方法,基于应用行为分析原理,通过后效模仿、语言映射、示范、提示、强化五大技术,将模仿训练融入自然社交情境,能有效改善孤独症儿童的模仿能力,并促进其社会交往、语言等多领域发展。通过主题词检索法对EBSCO、Web of Science、PubMed、ProQuest等数据库进行系统检索,最终纳入19篇有效文献,围绕干预对象、研究设计、干预实施者与环境、干预目标与效果等方面进行系统梳理与分析。研究发现,交互模仿训练可提升孤独症儿童的模仿能力,且技能泛化与维持效果较好,并具有多领域溢出效应。未来,国内研究应着力推进交互模仿训练的本土化适应性调整,并积极探索数字化干预路径,为我国孤独症儿童模仿能力干预提供借鉴。
文摘Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research practices.Celebrated a day earlier on 28 November,an initiative led by the Laboratory Animal Science Association of Malaysia(LASAM),comprised a coordinated three-month programme from September to November.A series of targeted activities were conducted,including professional exchange visits,competency-based rodent care and use workshops,refinement-centred blood sampling training,and institutional lectures on ethics and welfare.These engagements involved researchers,technicians,ethics committee members,and undergraduate trainees;reflecting ALAD's aim of fostering ethical awareness and technical proficiency across all levels of research personnel.A major highlight of the campaign was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between LASAM and Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM),strengthening long-term collaboration in training,welfare standard harmonisation,and shared ethical governance.The programme also delivered measurable outcomes:over 92%of participants improved their understanding of the 3Rs and humane endpoints,more than 95%attained competency in basic rodent handling,and national interest in laboratory animal science increased,as reflected by rising LASAM membership.Malaysia's ALAD initiatives emphasise the importance of grassroots engagement,refinement-based training,and strong institutional partnerships in advancing ethical and humane science.The country's experience provides a replicable framework for other Asian regions seeking to enhance welfare capacity,harmonise standards,and cultivate responsible research communities.Malaysia remains committed to supporting ALAD's ongoing mission to advance scientific integrity and animal welfare across Asia.
