BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector compu...BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector computed tomography(MDCT)and gastrointestinal endoscopy for GC screening,preoperative staging,and lymph node metastasis detection,thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS In this retrospective study clinical and imaging data of 134 patients with suspected GC who were admitted between January 2023 and October 2024 were initially reviewed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,102 patients were finally enrolled in the analysis.All enrolled patients had undergone both MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy examinations prior to surgical intervention.Preoperative clinical staging and lymph node metastasis findings were compared with pathological results.RESULTS The combined use of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.53%,specificity of 97.06%,accuracy of 98.04%,positive predictive value of 98.53%,and negative predictive value of 97.06%for diagnosing GC.These factors were all significantly higher than those of MDCT or endoscopy alone(P<0.05).The accuracy rates of the combined approach for detecting clinical T and N stages were 97.06%and 92.65%,respectively,outperforming MDCT alone(86.76% and 79.41%)and endoscopy alone(85.29% and 70.59%)(P<0.05).Among 68 patients with confirmed GC,50(73.53%)were pathologically diagnosed with lymph node metastasis.The accuracy for detecting lymph node metastasis was 66.00%with endoscopy,76.00%with MDCT,and 92.00% with the combined approach,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined application of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy enhanced diagnostic accuracy for GC,provided greater consistency in preoperative staging,and improved the detection of lymph node metastasis,thereby demonstrating significant clinical utility.展开更多
The paper presents experimental investigation results of crack pattern change in cement pastes caused by external sulfate attack(ESA).To visualize the formation and development of cracks in cement pastes under ESA,an ...The paper presents experimental investigation results of crack pattern change in cement pastes caused by external sulfate attack(ESA).To visualize the formation and development of cracks in cement pastes under ESA,an X-ray computed tomography(X-ray CT)was used,i e,the tomography system of Zeiss Xradia 510 versa.The results indicate that X-CT can monitor the development process and distribution characteristics of the internal cracks of cement pastes under ESA with attack time.In addition,the C3A content in the cement significantly affects the damage mode of cement paste specimens during sulfate erosion.The damage of ordinary Portland cement(OPC)pastes subjected to sulfate attack with high C3A content are severe,while the damage of sulfate resistant Portland cement(SRPC)pastes is much smaller than that of OPC pastes.Furthermore,a quadratic function describes the correlation between the crack volume fraction and development depth for two cement pastes immermed in sulfate solution.展开更多
Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration w...Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration within a heterogenous mixture of MX80 bentonite pellets and powder with a ratio of 80/20 in dry mass was investigated.A novel X-ray transparent constant volume cell has been developed to assess the effect of gas pressure,material heterogeneities,and water vapor gas saturation on breakthrough pressure and gas pathways.The new cell allows to perform high-resolution X-ray computed micro-tomography(X-ray μCT)scans to track microstructural changes during different phases of saturation and gas injection.Experimental results showed that the gas breakthrough occurred when the pressure was raised to 3 MPa.This is slightly higher than the expected swelling pressure(2.9 MPa)of the bentonite sample.Each gas injection was followed by a long resaturation phase restoring material homogeneity at μCT resolution scale(16 mm).However,the elapsed time needed for gas to breakthrough at 3 MPa diminished at each subsequent injection test.X-ray μCT results also revealed the opening of the specimen/cell wall interface during gas passage.This opening expanded as the injection pressure increased.The gas flow along the interface was associated with the development of dilatant pathways inside the sample,although they did not reach the outlet surface.It was observed that the water vapor gas saturation had no effect on the breakthrough pressure.These findings enhance the understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and gas pathway development within the highly heterogeneous mixture.The experimental outcomes highlight the effectiveness of X-ray μCT to improve quality protocols for engineering design and safety assessments of engineered barriers.展开更多
Chaotic microcavities play a crucial role in several research areas,including the study of unidirectional microlasers,nonlinear optics,sensing,quantum chaos,and non-Hermitian physics.To date,most theoretical and exper...Chaotic microcavities play a crucial role in several research areas,including the study of unidirectional microlasers,nonlinear optics,sensing,quantum chaos,and non-Hermitian physics.To date,most theoretical and experimental explorations have focused on two-dimensional(2D)chaotic dielectric microcavities,but there have been minimal studies on three-dimensional(3D)ones because precise geometrical information of a 3D microcavity can be difficult to obtain.Here,we image 3D microcavities with submicron resolution using X-ray microcomputed tomography(μCT),enabling nondestructive imaging that preserves the sample for subsequent use.By analyzing the ray dynamics of a typical deformed microsphere,we demonstrate that a sufficient deformation along all three dimensions can lead to chaotic ray trajectories over extended time scales.Notably,using the X-rayμCT reconstruction results,the phase space chaotic ray dynamics of a deformed microsphere are accurately established.X-rayμCT could become a unique platform for the characterization of such deformed 3D microcavities by providing a precise means for determining the degree of deformation necessary for potential applications in ray chaos and quantum chaos.展开更多
Correctly tracking the evolution of spatial heterogeneity of local degree of saturation(Sr)in unsaturated soils is essential to explain the seepage phenomenon,which is crucial to assessing slope stability.Several meth...Correctly tracking the evolution of spatial heterogeneity of local degree of saturation(Sr)in unsaturated soils is essential to explain the seepage phenomenon,which is crucial to assessing slope stability.Several methods exist for quantifying the heterogeneity of local S_(r).However,a comprehensive comparison of these methods in terms of accuracy,relative advantages,and disadvantages is currently lacking.This paper presents a comparative analysis of local Sr obtained at multiple scales,ranging from the element scale to the slice,representative element volume(REV),pore,and voxel scales.The spatial heterogeneity of Sr in an unsaturated glass beads specimen at different matric suctions was visualised and quantified by multiscale X-ray micro-focus computed tomography image-based analysis methods.Local Sr obtained at different scales displayed a comparable trend along the sample depth,yet the REV-scale method showed a much scattered and discontinuous distribution.In contrast,the pore-scale method detected a distinct two-clustered,bimodal distribution of S_(r).The pore-scale method has the highest integrated resolution,as it has the highest spatial resolution(i.e.number of data points)and provides more information(i.e.number of extractable physical parameters).This method thus provides a more effective approach for tracking the spatial heterogeneity of S_(r).Based on this method,pore-scale water retention curves were determined,offering new quantitative means to characterise pore water heterogeneity and explainwater drainage processes such as hysteresis at the pore scale.展开更多
Biliary tract cancer(BTC)is a group of heterogeneous sporadic diseases,including intrahepatic,hilar,and distal cholangiocarcinoma,as well as gallbladder cancer.BTC is characterized by high invasiveness and extremely p...Biliary tract cancer(BTC)is a group of heterogeneous sporadic diseases,including intrahepatic,hilar,and distal cholangiocarcinoma,as well as gallbladder cancer.BTC is characterized by high invasiveness and extremely poor prognosis,with a global increased incidence due to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).The 18Ffludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)combines glucose metabolic information(reflecting the glycolytic activity of tumor cells)with anatomical structure to assess tumor metabolic heterogeneity,systemic metastasis,and molecular characteristics noninvasively,overcoming the limitations of traditional imaging in the detection of micrometastases and recurrent lesions.18F-FDG PET/CT offers critical insights in clinical staging,therapeutic evaluation,and prognostic prediction of BTC.This article reviews research progress in this field over the past decade,with a particular focus on the advances made in the last 3 years,which have not been adequately summarized and recognized.The research paradigm in this field is shifting from qualitative to quantitative studies,and there have been significant breakthroughs in using 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic information to predict gene expression in ICC.Radiomics and deep learning techniques have been applied to ICC for prognostic prediction and differential diagnosis.Additionally,PET/magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly demonstrating its value in this field.展开更多
Photon-counting computed tomography(PCCT)represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular imaging.Traditional CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible ligh...Photon-counting computed tomography(PCCT)represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular imaging.Traditional CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible light,whereas PCCT utilizes photon-counting detectors that directly transform X-ray photons into electric signals.This direct conversion allows photon-counting detectors to sort photons into discrete energy levels,thereby enhancing image quality through superior noise reduction,improved spatial and contrast resolution,and reduced artifacts.In pediatric applications,PCCT offers substantial benefits,including lower radiation doses,which may help reduce the risk of malignancy in pediatric patients,with perhaps greater potential to benefit those with repeated exposure from a young age.Enhanced spatial resolution facilitates better visualization of small structures,vital for diagnosing congenital heart defects.Additionally,PCCT’s spectral capabilities improve tissue characterization and enable the creation of virtual monoenergetic images,which enhance soft-tissue contrast and potentially reduce contrast media doses.Initial clinical results indicate that PCCT provides superior image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared to conven-tional CT,particularly in challenging pediatric cardiovascular cases.As PCCT technology matures,further research and standardized protocols will be essential to fully integrate it into pediatric imaging practices,ensuring optimized diagnostic outcomes and patient safety.展开更多
Soft tissue sarcomas(STS)are rare malignant tumors originating from mesoder-mal tissues with a poor prognosis,accounting for approximately 1%of all malig-nancies and comprising around 50 distinct subtypes.Conventional...Soft tissue sarcomas(STS)are rare malignant tumors originating from mesoder-mal tissues with a poor prognosis,accounting for approximately 1%of all malig-nancies and comprising around 50 distinct subtypes.Conventional imaging mo-dalities,such as computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),primarily provide anatomical information,whereas 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT(18F-FDG PET/CT)integrates functional metabolic and anatomical imaging,serving as a critical complementary tool in the diagnosis and management of STS.This article reviews recent advances in the application of 18F-FDG PET/CT for STS.The advantages of 18F-FDG PET/CT in STS include:(1)Early detection of metabolic activity changes in tumors,partic-ularly when morphological alterations are insignificant;(2)Effective differen-tiation between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors,as well as aiding in distinguishing high-grade from low-grade sarcomas;(3)Identification of occult metastatic lesions,improving staging accuracy,and facilitating restaging in cases of recurrence or metastasis;(4)Utilization of parameters such as maximum stan-dardized uptake value and metabolic tumor volume to assist in tumor grading and prognostic evaluation;and(5)Monitoring treatment response to guide adjust-ments in personalized therapeutic strategies.However,18F-FDG PET/CT has limitations in diagnosis of certain STS subtypes(e.g.,myxoid liposarcoma),detection and biopsy of metastatic lymph nodes,necessitating integration with clinical evaluation and other imaging techniques.18F-FDG PET/CT is poised to play an increasingly vital role in the precision diagnosis and treatment of STS.展开更多
Purpose To propose a method for simultaneous fluorescence and Compton scattering computed tomography by using linearly polarized X-rays.Methods Monte Carlo simulations were adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of th...Purpose To propose a method for simultaneous fluorescence and Compton scattering computed tomography by using linearly polarized X-rays.Methods Monte Carlo simulations were adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.In the simulations,the phantom is a polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder inside which are cylindrical columns containing aluminum,water,and gold(Au)-loaded water solutions with Au concentrations ranging between 0.5 and 4.0 wt%,and a parallel-hole collimator imaging geometry was adopted.The light source was modeled based on a Thomson scattering X-ray source.The phantom images for both imaging modalities were reconstructed using a maximumlikelihood expectation maximization algorithm.Results Both the X-ray fluorescence computed tomography(XFCT)and Compton scattering computed tomography(CSCT)images of the phantom were accurately reconstructed.A similar attenuation contrast problem for the different cylindrical columns in the phantom can be resolved in the XFCT and CSCT images.The interplay between XFCT and CSCT was analyzed,and the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the reconstruction was improved by correcting for the mutual influence between the two imaging modalities.Compared with K-edge subtraction imaging,XFCT exhibits a CNR advantage for the phantom.Conclusion Simultaneous XFCT and CSCT can be realized by using linearly polarized X-rays.The synergy between the two imaging modalities would have an important application in cancer radiation therapy.展开更多
A small problem about soil particle regularization and contacts but essential to geotechnical engineering was studied.The soils sourced from Guangzhou and Xiamen were sieved into five different particle scale ranges(d...A small problem about soil particle regularization and contacts but essential to geotechnical engineering was studied.The soils sourced from Guangzhou and Xiamen were sieved into five different particle scale ranges(d<0.075 mm,0.075 mm≤d<0.1 mm,0.1 mm≤d<0.2 mm,0.2 mm≤d<0.5 mm and 0.5 mm≤d<1.0 mm)to study the structures and particle contacts of granite residual soil.The X-ray micro computed tomography method was used to reconstruct the microstructure of granite residual soil.The particle was identified and regularized using principal component analysis(PCA).The particle contacts and geometrical characteristics in 3D space were analyzed and summarized using statistical analyses.The results demonstrate that the main types of contact among the particles are face-face,face-angle,face-edge,edge-edge,edge-angle and angle-angle contacts for particle sizes less than 0.2 mm.When the particle sizes are greater than 0.2 mm,the contacts are effectively summarized as face-face,face-angle,face-edge,edge-edge,edge-angle,angle-angle,sphere-sphere,sphere-face,sphere-edge and sphere-angle contacts.The differences in porosity among the original sample,reconstructed sample and regularized sample are closely related to the water-swelling and water-disintegrable characteristics of granite residual soil.展开更多
Due to seasonal climate alterations,the microstructure and permeability of granite residual soil are easily affected by multiple dry-wet cycles.The X-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)acted as a nondestructive to...Due to seasonal climate alterations,the microstructure and permeability of granite residual soil are easily affected by multiple dry-wet cycles.The X-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)acted as a nondestructive tool for characterizing the microstructure of soil samples exposed to a range of damage levels induced by dry-wet cycles.Subsequently,the variations of pore distribution and permeability due to drywet cycling effects were revealed based on three-dimensional(3D)pore distribution analysis and seepage simulations.According to the results,granite residual soils could be separated into four different components,namely,pores,clay,quartz,and hematite,from micro-CT images.The reconstructed 3D pore models dynamically demonstrated the expanding and connecting patterns of pore structures during drywet cycles.The values of porosity and connectivity are positively correlated with the number of dry-wet cycles,which were expressed by exponential and linear functions,respectively.The pore volume probability distribution curves of granite residual soil coincide with the χ^(2)distribution curve,which verifies the effectiveness of the assumption of χ^(2)distribution probability.The pore volume distribution curves suggest that the pores in soils were divided into four types based on their volumes,i.e.micropores,mesopores,macropores,and cracks.From a quantitative and visual perspective,considerable small pores are gradually transformed into cracks with a large volume and a high connectivity.Under the action of dry-wet cycles,the number of seepage flow streamlines which contribute to water permeation in seepage simulation increases distinctly,as well as the permeability and hydraulic conductivity.The calculated hydraulic conductivity is comparable with measured ones with an acceptable error margin in general,verifying the accuracy of seepage simulations based on micro-CT results.展开更多
Mineral dissemination and pore space distribution in ore particles are important features that influence heap leaching performance.To quantify the mineral dissemination and pore space distribution of an ore particle,a...Mineral dissemination and pore space distribution in ore particles are important features that influence heap leaching performance.To quantify the mineral dissemination and pore space distribution of an ore particle,a cylindrical copper oxide ore sample(I center dot 4.6 mm x 5.6 mm)was scanned using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography(HRXCT),a nondestructive imaging technology,at a spatial resolution of 4.85 mu m.Combined with three-dimensional(3D)image analysis techniques,the main mineral phases and pore space were segmented and the volume fraction of each phase was calculated.In addition,the mass fraction of each mineral phase was estimated and the result was validated with that obtained using traditional techniques.Furthermore,the pore phase features,including the pore size distribution,pore surface area,pore fractal dimension,pore centerline,and the pore connectivity,were investigated quantitatively.The pore space analysis results indicate that the pore size distribution closely fits a log-normal distribution and that the pore space morphology is complicated,with a large surface area and low connectivity.This study demonstrates that the combination of HRXCT and 3D image analysis is an effective tool for acquiring 3D mineralogical and pore structural data.展开更多
The bio-sandstone, which was cemented by microbe cement, was firstly prepared, and then the microstructure evolution process was studied by X-ray computed tomography （X-CT） technique. The experimental results indica...The bio-sandstone, which was cemented by microbe cement, was firstly prepared, and then the microstructure evolution process was studied by X-ray computed tomography （X-CT） technique. The experimental results indicate that the microstructure of bio-sandstone becomes dense with the development of age. The evolution of inner structure at different positions is different due to the different contents of microbial induced precipitation calcite. Besides, the increase rate of microbial induced precipitation calcite gradually decreases because of the reduction of microbe absorption content with the decreasing pore size in bio-sandstone.展开更多
Porosity is a major issue in solidification processing of metallic materials.In this work,wedge die casting experiments were designed to investigate the effect of cooling rate on microporosity in an aluminum alloy A35...Porosity is a major issue in solidification processing of metallic materials.In this work,wedge die casting experiments were designed to investigate the effect of cooling rate on microporosity in an aluminum alloy A356.Microstructure information including dendrites and porosity were measured and observed by optical microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography(XMCT).The effects of cooling rate on secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS)and porosity were discussed.The relationship between SDAS and cooling rate was established and validated using a mathematical model.Three-dimensional(3-D)porosity information,including porosity percentage,pore volume,and pore number,was determined by XMCT.With the cooling rate decreasing from a lower to a higher position of the wedge die,the observed pore number decreases,the porosity percentage increases,and the equivalent pore radius increases.Sphericity of the pores was discussed as an empirical criterion to distinguish the types of porosity.For different cooling rates,the larger the equivalent pore radius is,the lower the sphericity of the pores.This research suggests that XMCT is a useful tool to provide critical 3-D porosity information for integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)design and process optimization of solidification products.展开更多
Angiomyolipomas(AMLs)represent the most common benign solid renal tumors.The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology.The objective of this review is...Angiomyolipomas(AMLs)represent the most common benign solid renal tumors.The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology.The objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs,along with their associated complications.AMLs are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels,smooth muscle components and adipose tissue.In an adult,a classical renal AML appears as a solid,heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic fat.However,up to 5%of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by imaging.Fat-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI;other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic components.Hemorrhage is the most common complication,and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors,making their diagnosis challenging.Understanding the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.展开更多
As healthcare professionals continue to combat the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection worldwide,there is an increasing interest in the role of imaging and the relevance of various modalities.Since imaging not...As healthcare professionals continue to combat the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection worldwide,there is an increasing interest in the role of imaging and the relevance of various modalities.Since imaging not only helps assess the disease at the time of diagnosis but also aids evaluation of response to management,it is critical to examine the role of different modalities currently in use,such as baseline X-rays and computed tomography scans carefully.In this article,we will draw attention to the critical findings for the radiologist.Further,we will look at point of care ultrasound,an increasingly a popular tool in diagnostic medicine,as a component of COVID-19 management.展开更多
The particle morphological properties,such as sphericity,concavity and convexity,of a granular assembly significantly affect its macroscopic and microscopic compressive behaviors under isotropic loading condition.Howe...The particle morphological properties,such as sphericity,concavity and convexity,of a granular assembly significantly affect its macroscopic and microscopic compressive behaviors under isotropic loading condition.However,limited studies on investigating the microscopic behavior of the granular assembly with real particle shapes under isotropic compression were reported.In this study,X-ray computed tomography(mCT)and discrete element modeling(DEM)were utilized to investigate isotropic compression behavior of the granular assembly with regard to the particle morphological properties,such as particle sphericity,concavity and interparticle frictions.The mCT was first used to extract the particle morphological parameters and then the DEM was utilized to numerically investigate the influences of the particle morphological properties on the isotropic compression behavior.The image reconstruction from mCT images indicated that the presented particle quantification algorithm was robust,and the presented microscopic analysis via the DEM simulation demonstrated that the particle surface concavity significantly affected the isotropic compression behavior.The observations of the particle connectivity and local void ratio distribution also provided insights into the granular assembly under isotropic compression.Results found that the particle concavity and interparticle friction influenced the most of the isotropic compression behavior of the granular assemblies.展开更多
The three dimensional （3D） geometry of soil macropores largely controls preferential flow, which is a significant infiltrating mechanism for rainfall in forest soils and affects slope stability. However, detailed st...The three dimensional （3D） geometry of soil macropores largely controls preferential flow, which is a significant infiltrating mechanism for rainfall in forest soils and affects slope stability. However, detailed studies on the 3D geometry of macropore networks in forest soils are rare. The intense rainfall-triggered potentially unstable slopes were threatening the villages at the downstream of Touzhai valley （Yunnan, China）. We visualized and quantified the 3D macropore networks in undisturbed soil columns （Histosols） taken from a forest hillslope in Touzhai valley, and compared them with those in agricultural soils （corn and soybean in USA; barley, fodder beet and red fescue in Denmark） and grassland soils in USA. We took two large undisturbed soil columns （250 mm^25o mmxsoo mm）, and scanned the soil columns at in-situ soil water content conditions using X-ray computed tomography at a voxel resolution of 0.945 × 0.945 × 1.500o mm^3. After reconstruction and visualization, we quantified the characteristics of macropore networks. In the studied forest soils, the main types of maeropores were root channels, inter-aggregate voids, maeropores without knowing origin, root-soil interfaee and stone-soil interface. While maeropore networks tend to be more eomplex, larger, deeper and longer. The forest soils have high maeroporosity, total maeropore wall area density, node density, and large maeropore volume, hydraulie radius, mean maeropore length, angle, and low tortuosity. The findings suggest that maeropore networks in the forest soils have high inter- connectivity, vertical continuity, linearity and less vertically oriented.展开更多
Pericoronary adipose tissue(PCAT)plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases due to its bidirectional communication with the coronary artery wall.In recent years,PCAT paramet...Pericoronary adipose tissue(PCAT)plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases due to its bidirectional communication with the coronary artery wall.In recent years,PCAT parameters measured using coronary computed tomography have emerged as potential noninvasive imaging biomarkers for quantifying coronary artery inflammation,with significant clinical value in the early detection,disease progression assessment,treatment efficacy evaluation,and prognosis prediction of cardiovascular diseases.Furthermore,new technologies such as PCAT radiomics analysis have broadened its potential applications in evaluating coronary plaque vulnerability,predicting cardiovascular events,and improving risk stratification.This review discusses recent advances in PCAT research,focusing on its role in coronary artery disease risk identification and inflammation monitoring,and aims to offer imaging-based insights to support its future clinical use in cardiovascular disease management.展开更多
Damage assessments in three dimensional (3D) textile composites subjected to mechanical loading can be performed by non-destructive and destructive techniques.This paper applies the two techniques to investigate the f...Damage assessments in three dimensional (3D) textile composites subjected to mechanical loading can be performed by non-destructive and destructive techniques.This paper applies the two techniques to investigate the fracture behavior of 3D tufted textile composites.X-ray computed tomography as a non-destructive evaluation method is appropriate to detect damage locations and identify their progression in 3D textile composites.Destructive methods such as sectioning toward observing damage provide valuable information about damage patterns.The results of this research could be utilized to evaluate the initial cause of rupture in 3D tufted composites used in aerospace structures and analyze fracture modes and damage progression.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector computed tomography(MDCT)and gastrointestinal endoscopy for GC screening,preoperative staging,and lymph node metastasis detection,thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS In this retrospective study clinical and imaging data of 134 patients with suspected GC who were admitted between January 2023 and October 2024 were initially reviewed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,102 patients were finally enrolled in the analysis.All enrolled patients had undergone both MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy examinations prior to surgical intervention.Preoperative clinical staging and lymph node metastasis findings were compared with pathological results.RESULTS The combined use of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.53%,specificity of 97.06%,accuracy of 98.04%,positive predictive value of 98.53%,and negative predictive value of 97.06%for diagnosing GC.These factors were all significantly higher than those of MDCT or endoscopy alone(P<0.05).The accuracy rates of the combined approach for detecting clinical T and N stages were 97.06%and 92.65%,respectively,outperforming MDCT alone(86.76% and 79.41%)and endoscopy alone(85.29% and 70.59%)(P<0.05).Among 68 patients with confirmed GC,50(73.53%)were pathologically diagnosed with lymph node metastasis.The accuracy for detecting lymph node metastasis was 66.00%with endoscopy,76.00%with MDCT,and 92.00% with the combined approach,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined application of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy enhanced diagnostic accuracy for GC,provided greater consistency in preoperative staging,and improved the detection of lymph node metastasis,thereby demonstrating significant clinical utility.
基金Funded by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2006224)。
文摘The paper presents experimental investigation results of crack pattern change in cement pastes caused by external sulfate attack(ESA).To visualize the formation and development of cracks in cement pastes under ESA,an X-ray computed tomography(X-ray CT)was used,i e,the tomography system of Zeiss Xradia 510 versa.The results indicate that X-CT can monitor the development process and distribution characteristics of the internal cracks of cement pastes under ESA with attack time.In addition,the C3A content in the cement significantly affects the damage mode of cement paste specimens during sulfate erosion.The damage of ordinary Portland cement(OPC)pastes subjected to sulfate attack with high C3A content are severe,while the damage of sulfate resistant Portland cement(SRPC)pastes is much smaller than that of OPC pastes.Furthermore,a quadratic function describes the correlation between the crack volume fraction and development depth for two cement pastes immermed in sulfate solution.
基金funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program European Joint Program on RadioactiveWaste Management(EURAD)(2019e2024)WP-Gas‘Mechanistic understanding of gas transport in clay materials’under Grant agreement No.847593.
文摘Understanding the mechanisms of gas transport and the resulting preferential pathways formation through bentonite-based barriers is essential for their performance evaluation.In this experimental study,gas migration within a heterogenous mixture of MX80 bentonite pellets and powder with a ratio of 80/20 in dry mass was investigated.A novel X-ray transparent constant volume cell has been developed to assess the effect of gas pressure,material heterogeneities,and water vapor gas saturation on breakthrough pressure and gas pathways.The new cell allows to perform high-resolution X-ray computed micro-tomography(X-ray μCT)scans to track microstructural changes during different phases of saturation and gas injection.Experimental results showed that the gas breakthrough occurred when the pressure was raised to 3 MPa.This is slightly higher than the expected swelling pressure(2.9 MPa)of the bentonite sample.Each gas injection was followed by a long resaturation phase restoring material homogeneity at μCT resolution scale(16 mm).However,the elapsed time needed for gas to breakthrough at 3 MPa diminished at each subsequent injection test.X-ray μCT results also revealed the opening of the specimen/cell wall interface during gas passage.This opening expanded as the injection pressure increased.The gas flow along the interface was associated with the development of dilatant pathways inside the sample,although they did not reach the outlet surface.It was observed that the water vapor gas saturation had no effect on the breakthrough pressure.These findings enhance the understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and gas pathway development within the highly heterogeneous mixture.The experimental outcomes highlight the effectiveness of X-ray μCT to improve quality protocols for engineering design and safety assessments of engineered barriers.
基金support from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University(OIST),the China Scholarship Council(CSC)(Grant No.202306680004)the Korea Basic Science Institute(National Research Facilities and Equipment Center)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(Grant Nos.RS-2024-00403036 and RS-202500521202)+2 种基金support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI through Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)(Grant No.23K04617)Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists(Grant No.22K14621)Grant-in-Aid for JSPS fellows(Grant No.25KJ2244)。
文摘Chaotic microcavities play a crucial role in several research areas,including the study of unidirectional microlasers,nonlinear optics,sensing,quantum chaos,and non-Hermitian physics.To date,most theoretical and experimental explorations have focused on two-dimensional(2D)chaotic dielectric microcavities,but there have been minimal studies on three-dimensional(3D)ones because precise geometrical information of a 3D microcavity can be difficult to obtain.Here,we image 3D microcavities with submicron resolution using X-ray microcomputed tomography(μCT),enabling nondestructive imaging that preserves the sample for subsequent use.By analyzing the ray dynamics of a typical deformed microsphere,we demonstrate that a sufficient deformation along all three dimensions can lead to chaotic ray trajectories over extended time scales.Notably,using the X-rayμCT reconstruction results,the phase space chaotic ray dynamics of a deformed microsphere are accurately established.X-rayμCT could become a unique platform for the characterization of such deformed 3D microcavities by providing a precise means for determining the degree of deformation necessary for potential applications in ray chaos and quantum chaos.
基金support provided by the research funds from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(Grant Nos.16206623,N_HKUST603/22,and C6006-20G).
文摘Correctly tracking the evolution of spatial heterogeneity of local degree of saturation(Sr)in unsaturated soils is essential to explain the seepage phenomenon,which is crucial to assessing slope stability.Several methods exist for quantifying the heterogeneity of local S_(r).However,a comprehensive comparison of these methods in terms of accuracy,relative advantages,and disadvantages is currently lacking.This paper presents a comparative analysis of local Sr obtained at multiple scales,ranging from the element scale to the slice,representative element volume(REV),pore,and voxel scales.The spatial heterogeneity of Sr in an unsaturated glass beads specimen at different matric suctions was visualised and quantified by multiscale X-ray micro-focus computed tomography image-based analysis methods.Local Sr obtained at different scales displayed a comparable trend along the sample depth,yet the REV-scale method showed a much scattered and discontinuous distribution.In contrast,the pore-scale method detected a distinct two-clustered,bimodal distribution of S_(r).The pore-scale method has the highest integrated resolution,as it has the highest spatial resolution(i.e.number of data points)and provides more information(i.e.number of extractable physical parameters).This method thus provides a more effective approach for tracking the spatial heterogeneity of S_(r).Based on this method,pore-scale water retention curves were determined,offering new quantitative means to characterise pore water heterogeneity and explainwater drainage processes such as hysteresis at the pore scale.
文摘Biliary tract cancer(BTC)is a group of heterogeneous sporadic diseases,including intrahepatic,hilar,and distal cholangiocarcinoma,as well as gallbladder cancer.BTC is characterized by high invasiveness and extremely poor prognosis,with a global increased incidence due to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).The 18Ffludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)combines glucose metabolic information(reflecting the glycolytic activity of tumor cells)with anatomical structure to assess tumor metabolic heterogeneity,systemic metastasis,and molecular characteristics noninvasively,overcoming the limitations of traditional imaging in the detection of micrometastases and recurrent lesions.18F-FDG PET/CT offers critical insights in clinical staging,therapeutic evaluation,and prognostic prediction of BTC.This article reviews research progress in this field over the past decade,with a particular focus on the advances made in the last 3 years,which have not been adequately summarized and recognized.The research paradigm in this field is shifting from qualitative to quantitative studies,and there have been significant breakthroughs in using 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic information to predict gene expression in ICC.Radiomics and deep learning techniques have been applied to ICC for prognostic prediction and differential diagnosis.Additionally,PET/magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly demonstrating its value in this field.
文摘Photon-counting computed tomography(PCCT)represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular imaging.Traditional CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible light,whereas PCCT utilizes photon-counting detectors that directly transform X-ray photons into electric signals.This direct conversion allows photon-counting detectors to sort photons into discrete energy levels,thereby enhancing image quality through superior noise reduction,improved spatial and contrast resolution,and reduced artifacts.In pediatric applications,PCCT offers substantial benefits,including lower radiation doses,which may help reduce the risk of malignancy in pediatric patients,with perhaps greater potential to benefit those with repeated exposure from a young age.Enhanced spatial resolution facilitates better visualization of small structures,vital for diagnosing congenital heart defects.Additionally,PCCT’s spectral capabilities improve tissue characterization and enable the creation of virtual monoenergetic images,which enhance soft-tissue contrast and potentially reduce contrast media doses.Initial clinical results indicate that PCCT provides superior image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared to conven-tional CT,particularly in challenging pediatric cardiovascular cases.As PCCT technology matures,further research and standardized protocols will be essential to fully integrate it into pediatric imaging practices,ensuring optimized diagnostic outcomes and patient safety.
文摘Soft tissue sarcomas(STS)are rare malignant tumors originating from mesoder-mal tissues with a poor prognosis,accounting for approximately 1%of all malig-nancies and comprising around 50 distinct subtypes.Conventional imaging mo-dalities,such as computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),primarily provide anatomical information,whereas 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT(18F-FDG PET/CT)integrates functional metabolic and anatomical imaging,serving as a critical complementary tool in the diagnosis and management of STS.This article reviews recent advances in the application of 18F-FDG PET/CT for STS.The advantages of 18F-FDG PET/CT in STS include:(1)Early detection of metabolic activity changes in tumors,partic-ularly when morphological alterations are insignificant;(2)Effective differen-tiation between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors,as well as aiding in distinguishing high-grade from low-grade sarcomas;(3)Identification of occult metastatic lesions,improving staging accuracy,and facilitating restaging in cases of recurrence or metastasis;(4)Utilization of parameters such as maximum stan-dardized uptake value and metabolic tumor volume to assist in tumor grading and prognostic evaluation;and(5)Monitoring treatment response to guide adjust-ments in personalized therapeutic strategies.However,18F-FDG PET/CT has limitations in diagnosis of certain STS subtypes(e.g.,myxoid liposarcoma),detection and biopsy of metastatic lymph nodes,necessitating integration with clinical evaluation and other imaging techniques.18F-FDG PET/CT is poised to play an increasingly vital role in the precision diagnosis and treatment of STS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12375157,12027902,and 11905011)。
文摘Purpose To propose a method for simultaneous fluorescence and Compton scattering computed tomography by using linearly polarized X-rays.Methods Monte Carlo simulations were adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.In the simulations,the phantom is a polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder inside which are cylindrical columns containing aluminum,water,and gold(Au)-loaded water solutions with Au concentrations ranging between 0.5 and 4.0 wt%,and a parallel-hole collimator imaging geometry was adopted.The light source was modeled based on a Thomson scattering X-ray source.The phantom images for both imaging modalities were reconstructed using a maximumlikelihood expectation maximization algorithm.Results Both the X-ray fluorescence computed tomography(XFCT)and Compton scattering computed tomography(CSCT)images of the phantom were accurately reconstructed.A similar attenuation contrast problem for the different cylindrical columns in the phantom can be resolved in the XFCT and CSCT images.The interplay between XFCT and CSCT was analyzed,and the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the reconstruction was improved by correcting for the mutual influence between the two imaging modalities.Compared with K-edge subtraction imaging,XFCT exhibits a CNR advantage for the phantom.Conclusion Simultaneous XFCT and CSCT can be realized by using linearly polarized X-rays.The synergy between the two imaging modalities would have an important application in cancer radiation therapy.
基金Projects(41572277,41877229)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015A030313118)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,ChinaProject(201607010023)supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China
文摘A small problem about soil particle regularization and contacts but essential to geotechnical engineering was studied.The soils sourced from Guangzhou and Xiamen were sieved into five different particle scale ranges(d<0.075 mm,0.075 mm≤d<0.1 mm,0.1 mm≤d<0.2 mm,0.2 mm≤d<0.5 mm and 0.5 mm≤d<1.0 mm)to study the structures and particle contacts of granite residual soil.The X-ray micro computed tomography method was used to reconstruct the microstructure of granite residual soil.The particle was identified and regularized using principal component analysis(PCA).The particle contacts and geometrical characteristics in 3D space were analyzed and summarized using statistical analyses.The results demonstrate that the main types of contact among the particles are face-face,face-angle,face-edge,edge-edge,edge-angle and angle-angle contacts for particle sizes less than 0.2 mm.When the particle sizes are greater than 0.2 mm,the contacts are effectively summarized as face-face,face-angle,face-edge,edge-edge,edge-angle,angle-angle,sphere-sphere,sphere-face,sphere-edge and sphere-angle contacts.The differences in porosity among the original sample,reconstructed sample and regularized sample are closely related to the water-swelling and water-disintegrable characteristics of granite residual soil.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12102312 and 41372314)State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Open Foundation, Chengdu University of Technology, China (Grant No. SKLGP2021K011)
文摘Due to seasonal climate alterations,the microstructure and permeability of granite residual soil are easily affected by multiple dry-wet cycles.The X-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)acted as a nondestructive tool for characterizing the microstructure of soil samples exposed to a range of damage levels induced by dry-wet cycles.Subsequently,the variations of pore distribution and permeability due to drywet cycling effects were revealed based on three-dimensional(3D)pore distribution analysis and seepage simulations.According to the results,granite residual soils could be separated into four different components,namely,pores,clay,quartz,and hematite,from micro-CT images.The reconstructed 3D pore models dynamically demonstrated the expanding and connecting patterns of pore structures during drywet cycles.The values of porosity and connectivity are positively correlated with the number of dry-wet cycles,which were expressed by exponential and linear functions,respectively.The pore volume probability distribution curves of granite residual soil coincide with the χ^(2)distribution curve,which verifies the effectiveness of the assumption of χ^(2)distribution probability.The pore volume distribution curves suggest that the pores in soils were divided into four types based on their volumes,i.e.micropores,mesopores,macropores,and cracks.From a quantitative and visual perspective,considerable small pores are gradually transformed into cracks with a large volume and a high connectivity.Under the action of dry-wet cycles,the number of seepage flow streamlines which contribute to water permeation in seepage simulation increases distinctly,as well as the permeability and hydraulic conductivity.The calculated hydraulic conductivity is comparable with measured ones with an acceptable error margin in general,verifying the accuracy of seepage simulations based on micro-CT results.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51304076)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.14JJ4064)
文摘Mineral dissemination and pore space distribution in ore particles are important features that influence heap leaching performance.To quantify the mineral dissemination and pore space distribution of an ore particle,a cylindrical copper oxide ore sample(I center dot 4.6 mm x 5.6 mm)was scanned using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography(HRXCT),a nondestructive imaging technology,at a spatial resolution of 4.85 mu m.Combined with three-dimensional(3D)image analysis techniques,the main mineral phases and pore space were segmented and the volume fraction of each phase was calculated.In addition,the mass fraction of each mineral phase was estimated and the result was validated with that obtained using traditional techniques.Furthermore,the pore phase features,including the pore size distribution,pore surface area,pore fractal dimension,pore centerline,and the pore connectivity,were investigated quantitatively.The pore space analysis results indicate that the pore size distribution closely fits a log-normal distribution and that the pore space morphology is complicated,with a large surface area and low connectivity.This study demonstrates that the combination of HRXCT and 3D image analysis is an effective tool for acquiring 3D mineralogical and pore structural data.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51072035),the Ph D Program’s Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20090092110029)the Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province(No.CXZZ_0145)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University(Nos.YBJJ1127 and YBPY1208)
文摘The bio-sandstone, which was cemented by microbe cement, was firstly prepared, and then the microstructure evolution process was studied by X-ray computed tomography （X-CT） technique. The experimental results indicate that the microstructure of bio-sandstone becomes dense with the development of age. The evolution of inner structure at different positions is different due to the different contents of microbial induced precipitation calcite. Besides, the increase rate of microbial induced precipitation calcite gradually decreases because of the reduction of microbe absorption content with the decreasing pore size in bio-sandstone.
文摘Porosity is a major issue in solidification processing of metallic materials.In this work,wedge die casting experiments were designed to investigate the effect of cooling rate on microporosity in an aluminum alloy A356.Microstructure information including dendrites and porosity were measured and observed by optical microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography(XMCT).The effects of cooling rate on secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS)and porosity were discussed.The relationship between SDAS and cooling rate was established and validated using a mathematical model.Three-dimensional(3-D)porosity information,including porosity percentage,pore volume,and pore number,was determined by XMCT.With the cooling rate decreasing from a lower to a higher position of the wedge die,the observed pore number decreases,the porosity percentage increases,and the equivalent pore radius increases.Sphericity of the pores was discussed as an empirical criterion to distinguish the types of porosity.For different cooling rates,the larger the equivalent pore radius is,the lower the sphericity of the pores.This research suggests that XMCT is a useful tool to provide critical 3-D porosity information for integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)design and process optimization of solidification products.
文摘Angiomyolipomas(AMLs)represent the most common benign solid renal tumors.The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology.The objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs,along with their associated complications.AMLs are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels,smooth muscle components and adipose tissue.In an adult,a classical renal AML appears as a solid,heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic fat.However,up to 5%of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by imaging.Fat-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI;other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic components.Hemorrhage is the most common complication,and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors,making their diagnosis challenging.Understanding the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.
文摘As healthcare professionals continue to combat the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection worldwide,there is an increasing interest in the role of imaging and the relevance of various modalities.Since imaging not only helps assess the disease at the time of diagnosis but also aids evaluation of response to management,it is critical to examine the role of different modalities currently in use,such as baseline X-rays and computed tomography scans carefully.In this article,we will draw attention to the critical findings for the radiologist.Further,we will look at point of care ultrasound,an increasingly a popular tool in diagnostic medicine,as a component of COVID-19 management.
基金the Universidad Nacional de San Agustín(UNSA)through the joint Center for Mining Sustainability with the Colorado School of Mines is highly acknowledged.
文摘The particle morphological properties,such as sphericity,concavity and convexity,of a granular assembly significantly affect its macroscopic and microscopic compressive behaviors under isotropic loading condition.However,limited studies on investigating the microscopic behavior of the granular assembly with real particle shapes under isotropic compression were reported.In this study,X-ray computed tomography(mCT)and discrete element modeling(DEM)were utilized to investigate isotropic compression behavior of the granular assembly with regard to the particle morphological properties,such as particle sphericity,concavity and interparticle frictions.The mCT was first used to extract the particle morphological parameters and then the DEM was utilized to numerically investigate the influences of the particle morphological properties on the isotropic compression behavior.The image reconstruction from mCT images indicated that the presented particle quantification algorithm was robust,and the presented microscopic analysis via the DEM simulation demonstrated that the particle surface concavity significantly affected the isotropic compression behavior.The observations of the particle connectivity and local void ratio distribution also provided insights into the granular assembly under isotropic compression.Results found that the particle concavity and interparticle friction influenced the most of the isotropic compression behavior of the granular assemblies.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund(U1502232)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2014FD007)the Natural Science Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(KKSY201406009)
文摘The three dimensional （3D） geometry of soil macropores largely controls preferential flow, which is a significant infiltrating mechanism for rainfall in forest soils and affects slope stability. However, detailed studies on the 3D geometry of macropore networks in forest soils are rare. The intense rainfall-triggered potentially unstable slopes were threatening the villages at the downstream of Touzhai valley （Yunnan, China）. We visualized and quantified the 3D macropore networks in undisturbed soil columns （Histosols） taken from a forest hillslope in Touzhai valley, and compared them with those in agricultural soils （corn and soybean in USA; barley, fodder beet and red fescue in Denmark） and grassland soils in USA. We took two large undisturbed soil columns （250 mm^25o mmxsoo mm）, and scanned the soil columns at in-situ soil water content conditions using X-ray computed tomography at a voxel resolution of 0.945 × 0.945 × 1.500o mm^3. After reconstruction and visualization, we quantified the characteristics of macropore networks. In the studied forest soils, the main types of maeropores were root channels, inter-aggregate voids, maeropores without knowing origin, root-soil interfaee and stone-soil interface. While maeropore networks tend to be more eomplex, larger, deeper and longer. The forest soils have high maeroporosity, total maeropore wall area density, node density, and large maeropore volume, hydraulie radius, mean maeropore length, angle, and low tortuosity. The findings suggest that maeropore networks in the forest soils have high inter- connectivity, vertical continuity, linearity and less vertically oriented.
基金Supported by the Health Commission of the Sichuan Province Medical Science and Technology Program,China,No.24WXXT10the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program,China,No.2021YJ0242the 23rd Batch of Student Scientific Research Project Approval of Jiangsu University,China,No.Y23A164.
文摘Pericoronary adipose tissue(PCAT)plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases due to its bidirectional communication with the coronary artery wall.In recent years,PCAT parameters measured using coronary computed tomography have emerged as potential noninvasive imaging biomarkers for quantifying coronary artery inflammation,with significant clinical value in the early detection,disease progression assessment,treatment efficacy evaluation,and prognosis prediction of cardiovascular diseases.Furthermore,new technologies such as PCAT radiomics analysis have broadened its potential applications in evaluating coronary plaque vulnerability,predicting cardiovascular events,and improving risk stratification.This review discusses recent advances in PCAT research,focusing on its role in coronary artery disease risk identification and inflammation monitoring,and aims to offer imaging-based insights to support its future clinical use in cardiovascular disease management.
文摘Damage assessments in three dimensional (3D) textile composites subjected to mechanical loading can be performed by non-destructive and destructive techniques.This paper applies the two techniques to investigate the fracture behavior of 3D tufted textile composites.X-ray computed tomography as a non-destructive evaluation method is appropriate to detect damage locations and identify their progression in 3D textile composites.Destructive methods such as sectioning toward observing damage provide valuable information about damage patterns.The results of this research could be utilized to evaluate the initial cause of rupture in 3D tufted composites used in aerospace structures and analyze fracture modes and damage progression.
