This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic biomaterials.During the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very hig...This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic biomaterials.During the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample dimensions.In the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more detail.Considering that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is given.Moreover,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.展开更多
Efficient and innovative nano-catalytic oxidation technologies offer a breakthrough in removing emerging contaminants(ECs)from water,surpassing the limitations of traditional methods.Environmental functional materials...Efficient and innovative nano-catalytic oxidation technologies offer a breakthrough in removing emerging contaminants(ECs)from water,surpassing the limitations of traditional methods.Environmental functional materials(EFMs),particularly high-end oxidation systems using eco-friendly nanomaterials,show promise for absorbing and degrading ECs.This literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of diverse traditional restoration techniques-biological,physical,and chemical-assessing their respective applications and limitations in pesticide-contaminated water purification.Through meticulous comparison,we unequivocally advocate for the imperative integration of environmentally benign nanomaterials,notably titanium-based variants,in forthcoming methodologies.Our in-depth exploration scrutinizes the catalytic efficacy,underlying mechanisms,and adaptability of pioneering titanium-based nanomaterials across a spectrum of environmental contexts.Additionally,strategic recommendations are furnished to surmount challenges and propel the frontiers of implementing eco-friendly nanomaterials in practical water treatment scenarios.展开更多
The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.T...The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.The FMLs were fabricated with various stacking configurations(2/1,3/2,4/3,and 5/4)to examine their influence on mechanical properties.Kevlar-reinforced laminates consistently demonstrated superior tensile and flexural strengths,with the highest tensile strength of 772 MPa observed in the 3/2 configuration,attributed to Kevlar's excellent load-bearing capacity.Jute-reinforced laminates exhibited lower performance due to poor bonding and early delamination,while the FMLs reinforced with woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat achieved a balance between mechanical strength and cost-effectiveness by attaining a tensile strength of 718 MPa in the 3/2 configuration.Impact energy absorption results revealed that Kevlar-reinforced FMLs provided the highest energy absorption under Charpy tests,reaching 13.5 J in the 3/2 configuration.The 4/3 configu ration exhibited superior resistance under drop-weight impacts,absorbing 104.7 J of energy.Failure analysis using SEM revealed key mechanisms such as fiber debonding,delamination,and fiber pull-out,with increased severity observed in laminates with a higher number of fiber-epoxy layers,especially in the 5/4 configuration.This study highlights the potential of Kevlar-Jute hybrid fiber-reinforced FMLs for applications requiring high mechanical performance and impact resistance.Future research should explore advanced surface treatments and the environmental durability of these laminates for aerospace and automotive applications.展开更多
Three adsorbents including TiO_(2),Ti-Ce,and Ti-La hybrid oxides were prepared to remove fluoride from aqueous solution.The Ti-Ce and Ti-La hybrid adsorbents obtained by the hydrolysis-precipitation method had much hi...Three adsorbents including TiO_(2),Ti-Ce,and Ti-La hybrid oxides were prepared to remove fluoride from aqueous solution.The Ti-Ce and Ti-La hybrid adsorbents obtained by the hydrolysis-precipitation method had much higher sorption capacity for fluoride than the TiO_(2) adsorbent prepared through hydrolysis.Rare earth(Ce and La)oxides and TiO_(2) exhibited a synergistic effect in the hybrid adsorbents for fluoride sorption.The sorption equilibrium of fluoride on the three adsorbents was achieved within 4 h,and the pseudo-second-order model described the sorption kinetics well.The sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir model well,and the adsorption capacities of fluoride on the Ti-Ce and Ti-La adsorbents were about 9.6 and 15.1 mg·g^(-1),respectively,at the equilibrium fluoride concentration of 1.0 mg·L^(-1),much higher than the 1.7 mg·g^(-1) on the TiO_(2).The sorption capacities of fluoride on the three adsorbents decreased significantly when the solution pH increased from 3 to 9.5.The electrostatic interaction played an important role in fluoride removal by the three adsorbents,and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)analysis indicated that the hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent surface were involved in fluoride adsorption.展开更多
Ti-Gd alloys with Gd contents of 2 wt%-8 wt% were prepared,and the influence of Gd content on the microstructure,mechanical properties,corrosion behavior,neutron absorption property and density of the alloy weas inves...Ti-Gd alloys with Gd contents of 2 wt%-8 wt% were prepared,and the influence of Gd content on the microstructure,mechanical properties,corrosion behavior,neutron absorption property and density of the alloy weas investigated.The micro structure changes from full lamellar α phase to fine equiaxed crystals,and the area fraction of Gd-rich phase decreases from 3.2% to 1.8% and then increases to 9.1%.Gd has three existing forms:pure Gd,compound oxide of Gd_(2)TiO_(5)and/or Gd_(2)O_(3)and solidifies in the Ti matrix.Ti-4Gd exhibits the best mechanical properties,its tensile strength and elongation is 102 MPa and 49%,respectively.The neutron transmittancy of Ti-8Gd alloy in water is the lowest,which is 3.75%.The corrosion rate of Ti-Gd alloy is 0.00097-0.00238 mm/a,which meets the corrosion standard of small-scale nuclear reactors and containers for spent fuel.展开更多
The long-lasting expectation“the hotter the engine,the better”calls for the development of high-temperature metallic alloys.Although the high specific strengths of titanium alloys are compelling for such application...The long-lasting expectation“the hotter the engine,the better”calls for the development of high-temperature metallic alloys.Although the high specific strengths of titanium alloys are compelling for such applications,their deleterious softening beyond 600℃ imposes serious limitations.Much has been known for decades regarding the phase metallurgy for precipitation strengthening design in titanium alloys,however,the other facile strength promotion mechanism,dispersion strengthening,remains comparatively less-explored and unutilized.The present research concerns the multi-scale dispersion strengthening in titanium alloys,with mechanistic emphases on the critical plasticity micro-events that affect strength preservation.Due to the simultaneous introduction of intragranular dispersoids and intergranular reinforcers,the current titanium alloys present superior engineering tensile strength of 519 MPa at 700℃.Throughout the examined 25-800℃ temperature range,noticeable softening induced by the thermal activation occurs above 600℃,accompanied by evident strength loss.The temperature-dependence transition of dominated softening mechanisms from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization has been clarified by theoretical calculations.Furthermore,the strengthening effect of multi-scale architectures is underpinned as the enhanced dislocation strengthening owing to the introduction of thermally-stable heterointerfaces,which could generically guide the design of similar heat-resistant titanium alloys.展开更多
Currently,precise ablation of tumors without damaging the surrounding normal tissue is still an urgent problem for clinical microwave therapy of liver cancer.Herein,we synthesized Mn-doped Ti MOFs(Mn-Ti MOFs)nanosheet...Currently,precise ablation of tumors without damaging the surrounding normal tissue is still an urgent problem for clinical microwave therapy of liver cancer.Herein,we synthesized Mn-doped Ti MOFs(Mn-Ti MOFs)nanosheets by in-situ doping method and applied them for microwave therapy.Infrared thermal imaging results indicate Mn-Ti MOFs can rapidly increase the temperature of normal saline,attributing to the porous structure improving microwave-induced ion collision frequency.Moreover,Mn-Ti MOFs show higher 1O2 output than Ti MOFs under 2 W of low-power microwave irradiation due to the narrower band-gap after Mn doping.At the same time,Mn endows the MOFs with a desirable T1 contrast of magnetic resonance imaging(r2/r1=2.315).Further,results on HepG2 tumor-bearing mice prove that microwave-triggered Mn-Ti MOFs nearly eradicate the tumors after 14 days of treatment.Our study offers a promising sensitizer for synergistic microwave thermal and microwave dynamic therapy of liver cancer.展开更多
In this study,TiNCl was designed and applied in high-rate lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),and the mechanism of the energy storage in TiNCl was uncovered.The Ti-N layer serves as the electronic conductive unit for its high...In this study,TiNCl was designed and applied in high-rate lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),and the mechanism of the energy storage in TiNCl was uncovered.The Ti-N layer serves as the electronic conductive unit for its high conductivity,while the polyhedral channels constructed with Cl facilitate the transmission of Li ions serving as the ionic conductive units.In addition,due to the negatively charged nature of Cl,the TiNCl anode has a capacitive contribution up to 99.5%at 1 mV s.Even at a high rate of 50 C,it still retains a remarkable reversible capacity of 202 mA h gafter 1000 cycles.The concept based on the structure design develops new electrode materials with desired properties.展开更多
基金Funded by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia(Nos.451-03-47/2023-01/200135,451-03-47/2023-01/200017 and 451-03-47/2023-01/200287)。
文摘This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic biomaterials.During the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample dimensions.In the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more detail.Considering that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is given.Moreover,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.
基金supported by the Research Platform Open Fund Project of Zhejiang Industry and Trade Vocation College(No.Kf202203)the Scientific Research Project of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Company Ltd.(No.2022-7-2)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22406142)the Fellowship of China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20230262)the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732636)the Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program(No.2023755).
文摘Efficient and innovative nano-catalytic oxidation technologies offer a breakthrough in removing emerging contaminants(ECs)from water,surpassing the limitations of traditional methods.Environmental functional materials(EFMs),particularly high-end oxidation systems using eco-friendly nanomaterials,show promise for absorbing and degrading ECs.This literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of diverse traditional restoration techniques-biological,physical,and chemical-assessing their respective applications and limitations in pesticide-contaminated water purification.Through meticulous comparison,we unequivocally advocate for the imperative integration of environmentally benign nanomaterials,notably titanium-based variants,in forthcoming methodologies.Our in-depth exploration scrutinizes the catalytic efficacy,underlying mechanisms,and adaptability of pioneering titanium-based nanomaterials across a spectrum of environmental contexts.Additionally,strategic recommendations are furnished to surmount challenges and propel the frontiers of implementing eco-friendly nanomaterials in practical water treatment scenarios.
基金the aid of Research and Development Fund-Seed Money provided by Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology。
文摘The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.The FMLs were fabricated with various stacking configurations(2/1,3/2,4/3,and 5/4)to examine their influence on mechanical properties.Kevlar-reinforced laminates consistently demonstrated superior tensile and flexural strengths,with the highest tensile strength of 772 MPa observed in the 3/2 configuration,attributed to Kevlar's excellent load-bearing capacity.Jute-reinforced laminates exhibited lower performance due to poor bonding and early delamination,while the FMLs reinforced with woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat achieved a balance between mechanical strength and cost-effectiveness by attaining a tensile strength of 718 MPa in the 3/2 configuration.Impact energy absorption results revealed that Kevlar-reinforced FMLs provided the highest energy absorption under Charpy tests,reaching 13.5 J in the 3/2 configuration.The 4/3 configu ration exhibited superior resistance under drop-weight impacts,absorbing 104.7 J of energy.Failure analysis using SEM revealed key mechanisms such as fiber debonding,delamination,and fiber pull-out,with increased severity observed in laminates with a higher number of fiber-epoxy layers,especially in the 5/4 configuration.This study highlights the potential of Kevlar-Jute hybrid fiber-reinforced FMLs for applications requiring high mechanical performance and impact resistance.Future research should explore advanced surface treatments and the environmental durability of these laminates for aerospace and automotive applications.
文摘Three adsorbents including TiO_(2),Ti-Ce,and Ti-La hybrid oxides were prepared to remove fluoride from aqueous solution.The Ti-Ce and Ti-La hybrid adsorbents obtained by the hydrolysis-precipitation method had much higher sorption capacity for fluoride than the TiO_(2) adsorbent prepared through hydrolysis.Rare earth(Ce and La)oxides and TiO_(2) exhibited a synergistic effect in the hybrid adsorbents for fluoride sorption.The sorption equilibrium of fluoride on the three adsorbents was achieved within 4 h,and the pseudo-second-order model described the sorption kinetics well.The sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir model well,and the adsorption capacities of fluoride on the Ti-Ce and Ti-La adsorbents were about 9.6 and 15.1 mg·g^(-1),respectively,at the equilibrium fluoride concentration of 1.0 mg·L^(-1),much higher than the 1.7 mg·g^(-1) on the TiO_(2).The sorption capacities of fluoride on the three adsorbents decreased significantly when the solution pH increased from 3 to 9.5.The electrostatic interaction played an important role in fluoride removal by the three adsorbents,and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)analysis indicated that the hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent surface were involved in fluoride adsorption.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB3506703)。
文摘Ti-Gd alloys with Gd contents of 2 wt%-8 wt% were prepared,and the influence of Gd content on the microstructure,mechanical properties,corrosion behavior,neutron absorption property and density of the alloy weas investigated.The micro structure changes from full lamellar α phase to fine equiaxed crystals,and the area fraction of Gd-rich phase decreases from 3.2% to 1.8% and then increases to 9.1%.Gd has three existing forms:pure Gd,compound oxide of Gd_(2)TiO_(5)and/or Gd_(2)O_(3)and solidifies in the Ti matrix.Ti-4Gd exhibits the best mechanical properties,its tensile strength and elongation is 102 MPa and 49%,respectively.The neutron transmittancy of Ti-8Gd alloy in water is the lowest,which is 3.75%.The corrosion rate of Ti-Gd alloy is 0.00097-0.00238 mm/a,which meets the corrosion standard of small-scale nuclear reactors and containers for spent fuel.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3701203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20113,52261135543,52171137 and 52071116)the Heilongjiang Touyan Team Program,Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.TD2020E001).
文摘The long-lasting expectation“the hotter the engine,the better”calls for the development of high-temperature metallic alloys.Although the high specific strengths of titanium alloys are compelling for such applications,their deleterious softening beyond 600℃ imposes serious limitations.Much has been known for decades regarding the phase metallurgy for precipitation strengthening design in titanium alloys,however,the other facile strength promotion mechanism,dispersion strengthening,remains comparatively less-explored and unutilized.The present research concerns the multi-scale dispersion strengthening in titanium alloys,with mechanistic emphases on the critical plasticity micro-events that affect strength preservation.Due to the simultaneous introduction of intragranular dispersoids and intergranular reinforcers,the current titanium alloys present superior engineering tensile strength of 519 MPa at 700℃.Throughout the examined 25-800℃ temperature range,noticeable softening induced by the thermal activation occurs above 600℃,accompanied by evident strength loss.The temperature-dependence transition of dominated softening mechanisms from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization has been clarified by theoretical calculations.Furthermore,the strengthening effect of multi-scale architectures is underpinned as the enhanced dislocation strengthening owing to the introduction of thermally-stable heterointerfaces,which could generically guide the design of similar heat-resistant titanium alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32025021,31971292,32171359)the Zhejiang Province Financial Supporting(2020C03110)+5 种基金the Key Scientific and Technological Special Project of Ningbo City(2020Z094)the Science&Technology Bureau of Ningbo City(202003N4001)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313483)Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province(2019E10020)Finally,the authors also thank National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory in Hefei(2021-HLS-PT-004282)Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility at Line BL15U(2018-SSRF-ZD-000182).
文摘Currently,precise ablation of tumors without damaging the surrounding normal tissue is still an urgent problem for clinical microwave therapy of liver cancer.Herein,we synthesized Mn-doped Ti MOFs(Mn-Ti MOFs)nanosheets by in-situ doping method and applied them for microwave therapy.Infrared thermal imaging results indicate Mn-Ti MOFs can rapidly increase the temperature of normal saline,attributing to the porous structure improving microwave-induced ion collision frequency.Moreover,Mn-Ti MOFs show higher 1O2 output than Ti MOFs under 2 W of low-power microwave irradiation due to the narrower band-gap after Mn doping.At the same time,Mn endows the MOFs with a desirable T1 contrast of magnetic resonance imaging(r2/r1=2.315).Further,results on HepG2 tumor-bearing mice prove that microwave-triggered Mn-Ti MOFs nearly eradicate the tumors after 14 days of treatment.Our study offers a promising sensitizer for synergistic microwave thermal and microwave dynamic therapy of liver cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21871008 and 51972326)the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC013)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22ZR1471300)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS。
文摘In this study,TiNCl was designed and applied in high-rate lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),and the mechanism of the energy storage in TiNCl was uncovered.The Ti-N layer serves as the electronic conductive unit for its high conductivity,while the polyhedral channels constructed with Cl facilitate the transmission of Li ions serving as the ionic conductive units.In addition,due to the negatively charged nature of Cl,the TiNCl anode has a capacitive contribution up to 99.5%at 1 mV s.Even at a high rate of 50 C,it still retains a remarkable reversible capacity of 202 mA h gafter 1000 cycles.The concept based on the structure design develops new electrode materials with desired properties.
