With TiCl4/MgCl2(Ti)and Al(i-Bu)3(Al)as catalysts,the thermoplastic copolymer of 1-butene(Bt)and 1-hexene(He)was synthesized successfully.The effects of Bt/He,Ti/(He+Bt),Al/Ti,temperature and reaction time on conversi...With TiCl4/MgCl2(Ti)and Al(i-Bu)3(Al)as catalysts,the thermoplastic copolymer of 1-butene(Bt)and 1-hexene(He)was synthesized successfully.The effects of Bt/He,Ti/(He+Bt),Al/Ti,temperature and reaction time on conversion,catalyst efficiency(CE),intrinsic viscosity([g])and insoluble content were studied.The copolymer was analyzed with Fourier transform-infrared(FTIR)and nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR).Results showed that the optimal polymerization conditions were:He/Bt=0.25,temperature 40℃–50℃,Al/Ti=400–500,Ti/(Bt+He)=3x10-5-4x10-5,time 4 h.Intrinsic viscosity was found to increase with increasing Ti/(Bt+He)and decreasing Al/Ti and polymerization temperature.When the molar content of He,Al/Ti and polymerization temperature increased,the insoluble content in CH2Cl2 of copolymers decreased.When Ti/(Bt+He)and reaction time increased,the insoluble con-tent in CH2Cl2 of copolymers also increased.The crystal-lization and stereoregularity of poly(1-butene)decreased with the addition of He.展开更多
Magnesium chloride supported vanadium/titanium bimetallic Ziegler-Natta catalysts with di-i-butyl phthalate as internal donor for copolymerization of ethylene and propylene were prepared. The effects of reaction tempe...Magnesium chloride supported vanadium/titanium bimetallic Ziegler-Natta catalysts with di-i-butyl phthalate as internal donor for copolymerization of ethylene and propylene were prepared. The effects of reaction temperature, ethylene/propylene molar ratio, aluminium/vanadium （Al/V） molar ratio and titanium/vanadium molar ratio on the catalytic activity were investigated. The molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, sequence composition and crystallinity of the products were measured by gel permeation chromatography, ^13C-NMR and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, respectively. In comparison to the vanadium and titanium catalysts, the bimetallic catalyst showed higher catalytic activity and better copolymerization performance. The obtained ethylene/propylene copolymers have high molecular weight （105）, broad molecular weight distribution, high propylene content with random or short blocked sequence structures （rErp = 1.919）, low melting temperatures and low crystallinities （Xc 〈 20%）.展开更多
Vanadium-titanium-based catalysts are the most widely used industrial materials for NO_x removal from coal-fired power plants. Owing to their relatively poor low-temperature deNO_x activity, low thermal stability, ins...Vanadium-titanium-based catalysts are the most widely used industrial materials for NO_x removal from coal-fired power plants. Owing to their relatively poor low-temperature deNO_x activity, low thermal stability, insufficient Hg^0 oxidation activity, SO_2 oxidation, ammonia slip, and other disadvantages,modifications to traditional vanadium-titanium-based selective catalytic reduction（SCR）catalysts have been attempted by many researchers to promote their relevant performance. This article reviewed the research progress of modified vanadium-titanium-based SCR catalysts from seven aspects, namely,（1） improving low-temperature deNO_x efficiency,（2） enhancing thermal stability,（3） improving Hg^0 oxidation efficiency,（4） oxidizing slip ammonia,（5） reducing SO_2 oxidation,（6） increasing alkali resistance, and（7） others. Their catalytic performance and the influence mechanisms have been discussed in detail. These catalysts were also divided into different categories according to their modified components such as noble metals（e.g., silver, ruthenium）, transition metals（e.g., manganese, iron, copper, zirconium, etc.）, rare earth metals（e.g., cerium, praseodymium）,and other metal chlorides（e.g., calcium chloride, copper chloride） and non-metals（fluorine,sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, etc.）. The advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts were summarized.Based on previous studies and the author＇s point of view, doping the appropriate modified components is beneficial to further improve the overall performance of vanadium-titanium-based SCR catalysts. This has enormous development potential and is a promising way to realize the control of multiple pollutants on the basis of the existing flue gas treatment system.展开更多
The ethylene/cyclopentadiene （CPD） copolymerization behavior by using fluoro-substituted bis（fl- enaminoketonato） titanium complexes [FC6H4NC（CH3）CHCO（CF3）]2TiC12 （la-lc） has been investigated in detail. Upo...The ethylene/cyclopentadiene （CPD） copolymerization behavior by using fluoro-substituted bis（fl- enaminoketonato） titanium complexes [FC6H4NC（CH3）CHCO（CF3）]2TiC12 （la-lc） has been investigated in detail. Upon utilizing MMAO as a cocatalyst, complexes la-lc exhibit high catalytic activities, affording the copolymers with high molecular weight and unimodal molecular weight distribution. Compared with non-substituted complex [C6HsNC（CH3）CHCO（CF3）]2TiC12 （1）, complexes la-lc can produce the copolymers with CPD incorporation adjusted in a wide range due to the enhancement of electrophilicity of metal center caused by introducing electron-withdrawing groups. Especially complex lc bearing fluorine at the para-position of N-aryl moiety provides the highest CPD incorporation, which is nearly two times （18.5 mol%） higher than the non-substituted complex 1 （8.9 mol%） under the same conditions. The highest CPD incorporation up to 24.6 mol% can be easily achieved using this complex. 1H-and 13C-NMR spectra demonstrate that these fluoro-substituted complexes possess regioselective nature with exclusive 1,2-insertion fashion, and alternating ethylene-CPD sequence can be detected at high CPD incorporation.展开更多
The synthesis and characterization of(thiolfan*)Zr(OtBu)_(2)(thiolfan*=1,1’-di(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-thiophenoxide)ferrocene)is reported,as well as its activity toward the ring-opening polymerizations of L-lactide and...The synthesis and characterization of(thiolfan*)Zr(OtBu)_(2)(thiolfan*=1,1’-di(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-thiophenoxide)ferrocene)is reported,as well as its activity toward the ring-opening polymerizations of L-lactide andε-caprolactone.展开更多
In this paper, the principle of preparation of titanium catalyst is described, and some possible influencing factors in the preparation process of titanium catalyst are analyzed, and the influence of these factors on ...In this paper, the principle of preparation of titanium catalyst is described, and some possible influencing factors in the preparation process of titanium catalyst are analyzed, and the influence of these factors on the performance of catalyst is discussed and analyzed from the perspective of molecular structure principle. Finally, some suggestions and optimization measures are given.展开更多
The effect of chemical composition of highly active supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts with controlled morphology on the MWD of PE has been studied.It was shown the variation of transition metal compound in the MgCl_2-...The effect of chemical composition of highly active supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts with controlled morphology on the MWD of PE has been studied.It was shown the variation of transition metal compound in the MgCl_2-supported catalyst affect of MWD of PE produced in broad range:Vanadium-magnesium catalyst(VMC)produce PE with broad and bimodal MWD(M_w/M_n=14-21).MWD of PE,produced over titanium-magnesium catalyst(TMC)is narrow or medium depending on Ti content in the catalyst(M_w/M_n=3.1-4.8).The oxidation ...展开更多
TiO2/V2O5 catalyst doped with rare earth ions was prepared by sol-gel method. Titanium tetrapropoxide and vanadium pentoxide were used as precursor of the composite catalyst and rare earth ions were used as dopant. Th...TiO2/V2O5 catalyst doped with rare earth ions was prepared by sol-gel method. Titanium tetrapropoxide and vanadium pentoxide were used as precursor of the composite catalyst and rare earth ions were used as dopant. The crystal phases, crystalline sizes, microstructure, absorption spectra of doped composite catalyst were studied by XRD, EDS, FT-IR and UV-Vis. Photoactivity of the prepared catalyst under ultraviolet irradiation were evaluated by degradation of methyl orange （MO） in aqueous solution. It is shown that the prepared catalyst is composed of anatase and futile. The rare earth ions are highly dispersed in composite catalyst. All the doped catalysts appear higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2/V2O5 catalyst and catalyst doped with Ce^4＋ present the best activity to MO.展开更多
Precise,efficient copolymerizations of ethylene with cyclic olefins[norbornene(NBE),cyclopentene(CPE)]using nonbridged half-titanocenes of type,Cp TiCl_2(L)(Cp =cyclopentadienyl group,L=aryloxo,ketimide)-MAO catalyst ...Precise,efficient copolymerizations of ethylene with cyclic olefins[norbornene(NBE),cyclopentene(CPE)]using nonbridged half-titanocenes of type,Cp TiCl_2(L)(Cp =cyclopentadienyl group,L=aryloxo,ketimide)-MAO catalyst systems have been summarized.CpTiCl_2(N=C Bu_2)exhibited both remarkable catalytic activity and efficient NBE incorporation for ethylene/NBE copolymerization:the NBE incorporation by Cp TiCl_2(X)(X=N=C Bu_2,O-2,6- Pr_2C_6H_3; Cp =Cp,C_5Me_5,indenyl)was related to the calculated coordination ene...展开更多
A monocyclopentadienyl titanium complex containing 8-quinolinolato (QCpTiCl_2) was synthesized. Its activities in ethylene polymerization at various Al/Ti molar ratios, different temperatures and activation time were ...A monocyclopentadienyl titanium complex containing 8-quinolinolato (QCpTiCl_2) was synthesized. Its activities in ethylene polymerization at various Al/Ti molar ratios, different temperatures and activation time were investigated. The activity with a Al/Ti molar ratio of 500 exhibited a maximum of 2.8×10~5 g/(mol.h) at 30℃. The activation time of QCpTiCl_2 with MAO before polymerization also plays a role on the activity. The structural properties of the produced polyethylene (molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and melting point) were discussed. Kinetic behaviors of ethylene polymerization with the QCpTiCl_2/MAO system at different Al/Ti molar ratios were studied. For the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system and the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system, binding energies of the examined intermediates were calculated by quantum-mechanical method based on ADF program, respectively. It is confirmed that the chlorinebridged adduct formed by the reaction of QCpTiMeCl with MAO is thermodynamically steady. In the case of the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system, olefin-separated ion pair (OSIP) mechanism is much favorable than ion-pair dissociation (IPD) mechanism. The experimental result on the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system showed lower activity for ethylene polymerization than that on the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system, which revealed that the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system is unfavorable to form active species with ethylene.展开更多
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of calcination/acid-activation on the composition, structure, and photocatalytic （PC） reduction property of an anodic oxidation TiO2/Ti film catalyst. The surface ...The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of calcination/acid-activation on the composition, structure, and photocatalytic （PC） reduction property of an anodic oxidation TiO2/Ti film catalyst. The surface morphology and phase composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The catalytic property of the film catalysts was evaluated through the removal rate of potassium chromate during the PC reduction process. The results showed that the film catalysts were composed of anatase and rutile TiO2 with a micro-porous surface structure. The calcination treatment increased the content of TiO2 in the film, changed the relative ratio of anatase and rutile TiO2, and decreased the size of the micro pores of the film catalysts. The removal rate of potassium chromate was related to the technique parameters of calcination/acid-activation treatment. When the anodic oxidation TiO2/Ti film catalyst was calcined at 873 K for 30 min and then acid-activated in the concentrated H2SO4 for 60 min, it presented the highest catalytic property, with the removal rate of potassium chromate of 96.3% during the PC reduction process under the experimental conditions.展开更多
Catalysts of carbon monoxide oxidation were synthesized by deposition of platinum on titanium nitride (TiN). Two substrates with an average particle size of 18 and 36 nm were obtained by hydrogen reduction of titanium...Catalysts of carbon monoxide oxidation were synthesized by deposition of platinum on titanium nitride (TiN). Two substrates with an average particle size of 18 and 36 nm were obtained by hydrogen reduction of titanium tetrachloride in a stream of microwave plasma of nitrogen. The surface of the catalysts was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The data obtained by us in the present work indicate the presence of oxynitride as a transition layer between nitride and oxide. It was found that the CO oxidation rate on the 9 - 15 wt.% Pt loaded TiN catalysts is 120 times higher than that on the platinum black with a specific surface of 30 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Increase in the reaction rate of CO oxidation on Pt/TiN catalysts as compared to platinum black can be associated with both an increase in the concentration of CO molecules adsorbed and a decrease in the activation energy of the reaction. Catalysts are promising for use in catalytic air purification systems.展开更多
he deactivation of highly active multicomponent oxide LiLa_0.5 Ti_0.5 O_(2+λ) cata-lyst at high reaction temperatures has been studied. The surface and bulk structureof the catalyst were characterized by means of XRD...he deactivation of highly active multicomponent oxide LiLa_0.5 Ti_0.5 O_(2+λ) cata-lyst at high reaction temperatures has been studied. The surface and bulk structureof the catalyst were characterized by means of XRD, IR, XPS, BET, O_2-TPD,SEM etc.. The results show that the deactivation of the catalyst at high reactiontemperatures is mainly due to the loss of surface lithium. As a result , the diffusionof lithium from bulk to surface leads to the decompositiqn of the active phase con-taining lithium, which lowers tlie number of oxygen vacancies and decreases themobility of lattice oxygen.展开更多
Ti-containing mesoporous silica materials(Ti-MSs) with isolated tetrahedrally coordinated Ti species have been widely applied in bulk molecular catalysis. Herein, Ti-MSs were synthesized using anionic surfactant SDS a...Ti-containing mesoporous silica materials(Ti-MSs) with isolated tetrahedrally coordinated Ti species have been widely applied in bulk molecular catalysis. Herein, Ti-MSs were synthesized using anionic surfactant SDS as the co-template. The SDS molecular assembled structures can interact with silica species through the interface hydrogen bonds leading to the formation of mesoporous silica structure with compact Ti-O bonds, lower hydrophilicity and low template cost. The influence of adding SDS as the co-template on the oxidation of styrene with aqueous H_2O_2 as the oxidant was investigated. Ti-MSs using SDS as the co-template showed better catalytic performance as compared with mesoporous titanium silicate synthesized with CTAB serving as the sole template. Moreover, the Ti-MSs synthesized at a Ti/Si ratio of 0.005 demonstrated an optimized performance for styrene oxidation with styrene conversion improved by 14.8%, benzaldehyde selectivity improved by 13.7% and styrene oxide selectivity improved by 9.2% when the reaction time was 6 h.展开更多
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Grant No.2006AA03Z546).
文摘With TiCl4/MgCl2(Ti)and Al(i-Bu)3(Al)as catalysts,the thermoplastic copolymer of 1-butene(Bt)and 1-hexene(He)was synthesized successfully.The effects of Bt/He,Ti/(He+Bt),Al/Ti,temperature and reaction time on conversion,catalyst efficiency(CE),intrinsic viscosity([g])and insoluble content were studied.The copolymer was analyzed with Fourier transform-infrared(FTIR)and nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR).Results showed that the optimal polymerization conditions were:He/Bt=0.25,temperature 40℃–50℃,Al/Ti=400–500,Ti/(Bt+He)=3x10-5-4x10-5,time 4 h.Intrinsic viscosity was found to increase with increasing Ti/(Bt+He)and decreasing Al/Ti and polymerization temperature.When the molar content of He,Al/Ti and polymerization temperature increased,the insoluble content in CH2Cl2 of copolymers decreased.When Ti/(Bt+He)and reaction time increased,the insoluble con-tent in CH2Cl2 of copolymers also increased.The crystal-lization and stereoregularity of poly(1-butene)decreased with the addition of He.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(NCET-07-0142)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Heilongjiang Provincial Universities(NCET-06-010)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20972025)the Science Foundation of Tianjin University of Science & Technology(No.20090420)
文摘Magnesium chloride supported vanadium/titanium bimetallic Ziegler-Natta catalysts with di-i-butyl phthalate as internal donor for copolymerization of ethylene and propylene were prepared. The effects of reaction temperature, ethylene/propylene molar ratio, aluminium/vanadium （Al/V） molar ratio and titanium/vanadium molar ratio on the catalytic activity were investigated. The molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, sequence composition and crystallinity of the products were measured by gel permeation chromatography, ^13C-NMR and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, respectively. In comparison to the vanadium and titanium catalysts, the bimetallic catalyst showed higher catalytic activity and better copolymerization performance. The obtained ethylene/propylene copolymers have high molecular weight （105）, broad molecular weight distribution, high propylene content with random or short blocked sequence structures （rErp = 1.919）, low melting temperatures and low crystallinities （Xc 〈 20%）.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Plan Project of Hebei Province of China(16273703D)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2015ZD24,2017XS123)~~
文摘Vanadium-titanium-based catalysts are the most widely used industrial materials for NO_x removal from coal-fired power plants. Owing to their relatively poor low-temperature deNO_x activity, low thermal stability, insufficient Hg^0 oxidation activity, SO_2 oxidation, ammonia slip, and other disadvantages,modifications to traditional vanadium-titanium-based selective catalytic reduction（SCR）catalysts have been attempted by many researchers to promote their relevant performance. This article reviewed the research progress of modified vanadium-titanium-based SCR catalysts from seven aspects, namely,（1） improving low-temperature deNO_x efficiency,（2） enhancing thermal stability,（3） improving Hg^0 oxidation efficiency,（4） oxidizing slip ammonia,（5） reducing SO_2 oxidation,（6） increasing alkali resistance, and（7） others. Their catalytic performance and the influence mechanisms have been discussed in detail. These catalysts were also divided into different categories according to their modified components such as noble metals（e.g., silver, ruthenium）, transition metals（e.g., manganese, iron, copper, zirconium, etc.）, rare earth metals（e.g., cerium, praseodymium）,and other metal chlorides（e.g., calcium chloride, copper chloride） and non-metals（fluorine,sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, etc.）. The advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts were summarized.Based on previous studies and the author＇s point of view, doping the appropriate modified components is beneficial to further improve the overall performance of vanadium-titanium-based SCR catalysts. This has enormous development potential and is a promising way to realize the control of multiple pollutants on the basis of the existing flue gas treatment system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21234006)
文摘The ethylene/cyclopentadiene （CPD） copolymerization behavior by using fluoro-substituted bis（fl- enaminoketonato） titanium complexes [FC6H4NC（CH3）CHCO（CF3）]2TiC12 （la-lc） has been investigated in detail. Upon utilizing MMAO as a cocatalyst, complexes la-lc exhibit high catalytic activities, affording the copolymers with high molecular weight and unimodal molecular weight distribution. Compared with non-substituted complex [C6HsNC（CH3）CHCO（CF3）]2TiC12 （1）, complexes la-lc can produce the copolymers with CPD incorporation adjusted in a wide range due to the enhancement of electrophilicity of metal center caused by introducing electron-withdrawing groups. Especially complex lc bearing fluorine at the para-position of N-aryl moiety provides the highest CPD incorporation, which is nearly two times （18.5 mol%） higher than the non-substituted complex 1 （8.9 mol%） under the same conditions. The highest CPD incorporation up to 24.6 mol% can be easily achieved using this complex. 1H-and 13C-NMR spectra demonstrate that these fluoro-substituted complexes possess regioselective nature with exclusive 1,2-insertion fashion, and alternating ethylene-CPD sequence can be detected at high CPD incorporation.
基金NSF,Grant 1362999 to PLD and CHE-1048804 for NMR spectroscopythe John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.We thank Jonathan Brosmer,who assisted with the synthesis of the metal complexes,Mark Abubekerov,who assisted with polymer workups,and Junnian Wei,who offered helpful advice for both polymerization reactions and syntheses.
文摘The synthesis and characterization of(thiolfan*)Zr(OtBu)_(2)(thiolfan*=1,1’-di(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-thiophenoxide)ferrocene)is reported,as well as its activity toward the ring-opening polymerizations of L-lactide andε-caprolactone.
文摘In this paper, the principle of preparation of titanium catalyst is described, and some possible influencing factors in the preparation process of titanium catalyst are analyzed, and the influence of these factors on the performance of catalyst is discussed and analyzed from the perspective of molecular structure principle. Finally, some suggestions and optimization measures are given.
文摘The effect of chemical composition of highly active supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts with controlled morphology on the MWD of PE has been studied.It was shown the variation of transition metal compound in the MgCl_2-supported catalyst affect of MWD of PE produced in broad range:Vanadium-magnesium catalyst(VMC)produce PE with broad and bimodal MWD(M_w/M_n=14-21).MWD of PE,produced over titanium-magnesium catalyst(TMC)is narrow or medium depending on Ti content in the catalyst(M_w/M_n=3.1-4.8).The oxidation ...
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50571003)
文摘TiO2/V2O5 catalyst doped with rare earth ions was prepared by sol-gel method. Titanium tetrapropoxide and vanadium pentoxide were used as precursor of the composite catalyst and rare earth ions were used as dopant. The crystal phases, crystalline sizes, microstructure, absorption spectra of doped composite catalyst were studied by XRD, EDS, FT-IR and UV-Vis. Photoactivity of the prepared catalyst under ultraviolet irradiation were evaluated by degradation of methyl orange （MO） in aqueous solution. It is shown that the prepared catalyst is composed of anatase and futile. The rare earth ions are highly dispersed in composite catalyst. All the doped catalysts appear higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2/V2O5 catalyst and catalyst doped with Ce^4＋ present the best activity to MO.
基金Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS,No.18350055).
文摘Precise,efficient copolymerizations of ethylene with cyclic olefins[norbornene(NBE),cyclopentene(CPE)]using nonbridged half-titanocenes of type,Cp TiCl_2(L)(Cp =cyclopentadienyl group,L=aryloxo,ketimide)-MAO catalyst systems have been summarized.CpTiCl_2(N=C Bu_2)exhibited both remarkable catalytic activity and efficient NBE incorporation for ethylene/NBE copolymerization:the NBE incorporation by Cp TiCl_2(X)(X=N=C Bu_2,O-2,6- Pr_2C_6H_3; Cp =Cp,C_5Me_5,indenyl)was related to the calculated coordination ene...
基金The work is sub sidized by Special Funds for Major State Basis Research Projects of China(No.G1999064801)
文摘A monocyclopentadienyl titanium complex containing 8-quinolinolato (QCpTiCl_2) was synthesized. Its activities in ethylene polymerization at various Al/Ti molar ratios, different temperatures and activation time were investigated. The activity with a Al/Ti molar ratio of 500 exhibited a maximum of 2.8×10~5 g/(mol.h) at 30℃. The activation time of QCpTiCl_2 with MAO before polymerization also plays a role on the activity. The structural properties of the produced polyethylene (molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and melting point) were discussed. Kinetic behaviors of ethylene polymerization with the QCpTiCl_2/MAO system at different Al/Ti molar ratios were studied. For the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system and the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system, binding energies of the examined intermediates were calculated by quantum-mechanical method based on ADF program, respectively. It is confirmed that the chlorinebridged adduct formed by the reaction of QCpTiMeCl with MAO is thermodynamically steady. In the case of the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system, olefin-separated ion pair (OSIP) mechanism is much favorable than ion-pair dissociation (IPD) mechanism. The experimental result on the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system showed lower activity for ethylene polymerization than that on the QCpTiMeCl/MAO system, which revealed that the CpTiMe_2Cl/MAO system is unfavorable to form active species with ethylene.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2007AA03Z337)the Harbin Special Creation Foundation for Science and Technology of Fellow in China (No. 2006RFQXG032)
文摘The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of calcination/acid-activation on the composition, structure, and photocatalytic （PC） reduction property of an anodic oxidation TiO2/Ti film catalyst. The surface morphology and phase composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The catalytic property of the film catalysts was evaluated through the removal rate of potassium chromate during the PC reduction process. The results showed that the film catalysts were composed of anatase and rutile TiO2 with a micro-porous surface structure. The calcination treatment increased the content of TiO2 in the film, changed the relative ratio of anatase and rutile TiO2, and decreased the size of the micro pores of the film catalysts. The removal rate of potassium chromate was related to the technique parameters of calcination/acid-activation treatment. When the anodic oxidation TiO2/Ti film catalyst was calcined at 873 K for 30 min and then acid-activated in the concentrated H2SO4 for 60 min, it presented the highest catalytic property, with the removal rate of potassium chromate of 96.3% during the PC reduction process under the experimental conditions.
文摘Catalysts of carbon monoxide oxidation were synthesized by deposition of platinum on titanium nitride (TiN). Two substrates with an average particle size of 18 and 36 nm were obtained by hydrogen reduction of titanium tetrachloride in a stream of microwave plasma of nitrogen. The surface of the catalysts was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The data obtained by us in the present work indicate the presence of oxynitride as a transition layer between nitride and oxide. It was found that the CO oxidation rate on the 9 - 15 wt.% Pt loaded TiN catalysts is 120 times higher than that on the platinum black with a specific surface of 30 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Increase in the reaction rate of CO oxidation on Pt/TiN catalysts as compared to platinum black can be associated with both an increase in the concentration of CO molecules adsorbed and a decrease in the activation energy of the reaction. Catalysts are promising for use in catalytic air purification systems.
文摘he deactivation of highly active multicomponent oxide LiLa_0.5 Ti_0.5 O_(2+λ) cata-lyst at high reaction temperatures has been studied. The surface and bulk structureof the catalyst were characterized by means of XRD, IR, XPS, BET, O_2-TPD,SEM etc.. The results show that the deactivation of the catalyst at high reactiontemperatures is mainly due to the loss of surface lithium. As a result , the diffusionof lithium from bulk to surface leads to the decompositiqn of the active phase con-taining lithium, which lowers tlie number of oxygen vacancies and decreases themobility of lattice oxygen.
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Shandong University of Science and Technology for Recruited Talents (No. 2014RCJJ017)
文摘Ti-containing mesoporous silica materials(Ti-MSs) with isolated tetrahedrally coordinated Ti species have been widely applied in bulk molecular catalysis. Herein, Ti-MSs were synthesized using anionic surfactant SDS as the co-template. The SDS molecular assembled structures can interact with silica species through the interface hydrogen bonds leading to the formation of mesoporous silica structure with compact Ti-O bonds, lower hydrophilicity and low template cost. The influence of adding SDS as the co-template on the oxidation of styrene with aqueous H_2O_2 as the oxidant was investigated. Ti-MSs using SDS as the co-template showed better catalytic performance as compared with mesoporous titanium silicate synthesized with CTAB serving as the sole template. Moreover, the Ti-MSs synthesized at a Ti/Si ratio of 0.005 demonstrated an optimized performance for styrene oxidation with styrene conversion improved by 14.8%, benzaldehyde selectivity improved by 13.7% and styrene oxide selectivity improved by 9.2% when the reaction time was 6 h.
