Gaps in compressors are generally unfavorable because they lead to energy loss.However,gaps on diffuser blades can broaden the operation range of a compressor.To broaden the operation range of a centrifugal compressor...Gaps in compressors are generally unfavorable because they lead to energy loss.However,gaps on diffuser blades can broaden the operation range of a compressor.To broaden the operation range of a centrifugal compressor with a tandem diffuser,gaps with different sections and widths on the diffuser blades were examined to determine their influence on the compressor performance.The results show that the compressor’s surge margin increased from 33.28% to 49.2% for a 2.5%tip gap ratio,while its stability margin increased from 44% to 60.5%.However,pressure ratio and efficiency losses of 1.16% and 1.14%,respectively,were incurred.Gap widths less than 5%of the height of the diffuser blade are adequate for broadening the operation range,whereas gap ratios greater than 5%cause more energy loss without broadening the operation range further.Gaps can also reduce the Mach number in the diffuser blade channels and can be influenced by the impeller-tip gap.Moreover,diffuser gaps on the shroud side yield better performance than those on the hub side.An experiment was conducted to investigate the reliability of the calculation and conclusions in this study,and the results proved that the conclusions are valid for different types of centrifugal compressors.展开更多
Squealer tip is widely used in turbines to reduce tip leakage loss.In typical turbine environment,the squealer tip leakage flow is affected by multiple factors such as the relative casing motion and the wide range of ...Squealer tip is widely used in turbines to reduce tip leakage loss.In typical turbine environment,the squealer tip leakage flow is affected by multiple factors such as the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles.The development of experimental methods which can accurately model the real turbine environment and influencing factors is of great significance to study the squealer tip leakage flow mechanism.In the present paper,a low-speed turbine cascade test facility which can model the relative casing motion and wide range of variable incidence angles(-25°to 55°)is built.Based on the similarity criteria,a high-low speed similarity transformation method of the turbine cascade is established by considering the thickness of the turbine blade.A combined testing method of Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)and local pressure measurement is proposed to obtain the complex flow structures within the tip cavity.The results show that the experimental method can successfully model the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles.The low-speed cascade obtained by the similarity transformation can model the high-speed flow accurately.The measurement technique developed can obtain the complex flow field and successfully capture the scraping vortex within the squealer tip.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to investigate the design in similarity of a centrifugal compressor for micro gas turbine and the related scaling effects on performance using CFD investigations. This work is part of a resear...The aim of this paper is to investigate the design in similarity of a centrifugal compressor for micro gas turbine and the related scaling effects on performance using CFD investigations. This work is part of a research project carried out by the Department DIME of the University of Genova, with the purpose of investigating the performance of a micro gas turbine in the change from 100 kW electrical output to 250 kW, while maintaining the compressor pressure ratio and geometry in similarity. The first part of the work focuses on the comparison between the original and the scaled machine, while the second part of the study deeply investigates the tip gap effect in the new configuration. The aim is to provide information about the performance of the compressor designed in geometrical similarity and to evaluate the tip gap height impact. From the efficiency point of view, the scaled-up machine has higher efficiency (up to 1.4% increment in design conditions) keeping the same technological limit for impeller manufacturing. However, the variation of tip gap height in the range 0 ÷ 1 mm strongly affects this parameter, leading to 10% alteration in design conditions between the ideal and worst case. The results, both in terms of overall performance and flow fields, are widely discussed in order to obtain simple yet reliable correlation for preliminary design.展开更多
为研究棒尖端外形对低气压下棒-板间隙直流放电特性的影响,利用低气压放电试验平台在2~20 k Pa气压下对锥尖头、半球头以及平头3种棒电极在100~300 mm间隙内进行直流电压放电试验,并通过仿真对不同棒尖端的放电特性试验结果进行验证。...为研究棒尖端外形对低气压下棒-板间隙直流放电特性的影响,利用低气压放电试验平台在2~20 k Pa气压下对锥尖头、半球头以及平头3种棒电极在100~300 mm间隙内进行直流电压放电试验,并通过仿真对不同棒尖端的放电特性试验结果进行验证。结果表明:棒尖端外形会对低气压下棒-板间隙的放电电压产生影响,击穿电压幅值从小到大依次为:锥尖头、半球头、平头;锥尖头棒和平头棒尖端存在局部电场极不均匀点,而半球头棒尖端电场分布较为均匀;随着气压的上升,棒-板间隙的U50%-P曲线呈稳定上升趋势。展开更多
文摘Gaps in compressors are generally unfavorable because they lead to energy loss.However,gaps on diffuser blades can broaden the operation range of a compressor.To broaden the operation range of a centrifugal compressor with a tandem diffuser,gaps with different sections and widths on the diffuser blades were examined to determine their influence on the compressor performance.The results show that the compressor’s surge margin increased from 33.28% to 49.2% for a 2.5%tip gap ratio,while its stability margin increased from 44% to 60.5%.However,pressure ratio and efficiency losses of 1.16% and 1.14%,respectively,were incurred.Gap widths less than 5%of the height of the diffuser blade are adequate for broadening the operation range,whereas gap ratios greater than 5%cause more energy loss without broadening the operation range further.Gaps can also reduce the Mach number in the diffuser blade channels and can be influenced by the impeller-tip gap.Moreover,diffuser gaps on the shroud side yield better performance than those on the hub side.An experiment was conducted to investigate the reliability of the calculation and conclusions in this study,and the results proved that the conclusions are valid for different types of centrifugal compressors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51676005)。
文摘Squealer tip is widely used in turbines to reduce tip leakage loss.In typical turbine environment,the squealer tip leakage flow is affected by multiple factors such as the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles.The development of experimental methods which can accurately model the real turbine environment and influencing factors is of great significance to study the squealer tip leakage flow mechanism.In the present paper,a low-speed turbine cascade test facility which can model the relative casing motion and wide range of variable incidence angles(-25°to 55°)is built.Based on the similarity criteria,a high-low speed similarity transformation method of the turbine cascade is established by considering the thickness of the turbine blade.A combined testing method of Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)and local pressure measurement is proposed to obtain the complex flow structures within the tip cavity.The results show that the experimental method can successfully model the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles.The low-speed cascade obtained by the similarity transformation can model the high-speed flow accurately.The measurement technique developed can obtain the complex flow field and successfully capture the scraping vortex within the squealer tip.
文摘The aim of this paper is to investigate the design in similarity of a centrifugal compressor for micro gas turbine and the related scaling effects on performance using CFD investigations. This work is part of a research project carried out by the Department DIME of the University of Genova, with the purpose of investigating the performance of a micro gas turbine in the change from 100 kW electrical output to 250 kW, while maintaining the compressor pressure ratio and geometry in similarity. The first part of the work focuses on the comparison between the original and the scaled machine, while the second part of the study deeply investigates the tip gap effect in the new configuration. The aim is to provide information about the performance of the compressor designed in geometrical similarity and to evaluate the tip gap height impact. From the efficiency point of view, the scaled-up machine has higher efficiency (up to 1.4% increment in design conditions) keeping the same technological limit for impeller manufacturing. However, the variation of tip gap height in the range 0 ÷ 1 mm strongly affects this parameter, leading to 10% alteration in design conditions between the ideal and worst case. The results, both in terms of overall performance and flow fields, are widely discussed in order to obtain simple yet reliable correlation for preliminary design.
文摘为研究棒尖端外形对低气压下棒-板间隙直流放电特性的影响,利用低气压放电试验平台在2~20 k Pa气压下对锥尖头、半球头以及平头3种棒电极在100~300 mm间隙内进行直流电压放电试验,并通过仿真对不同棒尖端的放电特性试验结果进行验证。结果表明:棒尖端外形会对低气压下棒-板间隙的放电电压产生影响,击穿电压幅值从小到大依次为:锥尖头、半球头、平头;锥尖头棒和平头棒尖端存在局部电场极不均匀点,而半球头棒尖端电场分布较为均匀;随着气压的上升,棒-板间隙的U50%-P曲线呈稳定上升趋势。
