STEM教育是美国教育政策的重要议题。Tinker教育(Tinker Education)与创客教育(Maker Education)均是实现STEM教育的有效形式,二者之间既有内在关联又有所区别。国内对创客教育的理论与实践研究成果已十分丰富,但对Tinker教育的关注不...STEM教育是美国教育政策的重要议题。Tinker教育(Tinker Education)与创客教育(Maker Education)均是实现STEM教育的有效形式,二者之间既有内在关联又有所区别。国内对创客教育的理论与实践研究成果已十分丰富,但对Tinker教育的关注不足。基于此,从比较的视角,剖析了Tinker教育的本质内涵,梳理美国Tinkering理念的萌生及走进教育领域的发展演变,并以美国马萨诸塞州幼儿"Keep It Together——Make a Train"Tinkering活动的设计与实施为例,分析Tinker教育的开展过程,探析Tinker教育的价值目标、价值存在与价值理想等价值意蕴,以便为我国创新教育的研究与实践提供一些借鉴。展开更多
Tinker v.Des Moines School District一案是美国宪法史上的重要案例。美国联邦最高法院通过此案,重新讨论了象征性表达的言论地位,并且认为应对于佩戴袖章这样的象征性表达行为施予第一修正案的言论自由之保护。法院还进行了校园管理...Tinker v.Des Moines School District一案是美国宪法史上的重要案例。美国联邦最高法院通过此案,重新讨论了象征性表达的言论地位,并且认为应对于佩戴袖章这样的象征性表达行为施予第一修正案的言论自由之保护。法院还进行了校园管理秩序与表达自由两种价值的取舍,认为应对校方限制表达自由之禁令进行程序与实质的严格标准审查。最后,此案还讨论了学校作为合格公民培训所的重要职责,并且再一次对于校园内的表达自由给予了肯定与保护。展开更多
Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of...Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of great importance in maintaining the main function of the biological network. We propose a new algorithm, the tinker algorithm, to determine this core structure and apply it in the cell-cycle system. With this algorithm, the backbone network of the cell-cycle network can be determined accurately and efficiently in various models such as the Boolean model, stochastic model, and ordinary differential equation model. Results show that our algorithm is more efficient than that used in the previous research. We hope this method can be put into practical use in relevant future studies.展开更多
Meet the proud creators of some of the country’s most curious inventions从捞海参潜水艇到'女神'机器人,这些发明略带喜感Homemade helicopters,replica tanks and biplanes built from scratch:These are just some of t...Meet the proud creators of some of the country’s most curious inventions从捞海参潜水艇到'女神'机器人,这些发明略带喜感Homemade helicopters,replica tanks and biplanes built from scratch:These are just some of the many whacky products cranked out by China’s less-celebrated innovation sector,the amateur inventor,often an old farmer展开更多
文摘STEM教育是美国教育政策的重要议题。Tinker教育(Tinker Education)与创客教育(Maker Education)均是实现STEM教育的有效形式,二者之间既有内在关联又有所区别。国内对创客教育的理论与实践研究成果已十分丰富,但对Tinker教育的关注不足。基于此,从比较的视角,剖析了Tinker教育的本质内涵,梳理美国Tinkering理念的萌生及走进教育领域的发展演变,并以美国马萨诸塞州幼儿"Keep It Together——Make a Train"Tinkering活动的设计与实施为例,分析Tinker教育的开展过程,探析Tinker教育的价值目标、价值存在与价值理想等价值意蕴,以便为我国创新教育的研究与实践提供一些借鉴。
文摘Tinker v.Des Moines School District一案是美国宪法史上的重要案例。美国联邦最高法院通过此案,重新讨论了象征性表达的言论地位,并且认为应对于佩戴袖章这样的象征性表达行为施予第一修正案的言论自由之保护。法院还进行了校园管理秩序与表达自由两种价值的取舍,认为应对校方限制表达自由之禁令进行程序与实质的严格标准审查。最后,此案还讨论了学校作为合格公民培训所的重要职责,并且再一次对于校园内的表达自由给予了肯定与保护。
基金This study was supported partially by the National Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 11475253, 11405263, and 11675112） and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （Grant No. LY16A050001）.
文摘Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of great importance in maintaining the main function of the biological network. We propose a new algorithm, the tinker algorithm, to determine this core structure and apply it in the cell-cycle system. With this algorithm, the backbone network of the cell-cycle network can be determined accurately and efficiently in various models such as the Boolean model, stochastic model, and ordinary differential equation model. Results show that our algorithm is more efficient than that used in the previous research. We hope this method can be put into practical use in relevant future studies.
文摘Meet the proud creators of some of the country’s most curious inventions从捞海参潜水艇到'女神'机器人,这些发明略带喜感Homemade helicopters,replica tanks and biplanes built from scratch:These are just some of the many whacky products cranked out by China’s less-celebrated innovation sector,the amateur inventor,often an old farmer
