Advances in in-vehicle assisted driving technologies provide new opportunities for improving driving performance and traffic efficiency. Human-machine interfaces(HMIs),navigation systems, and signal countdown timers(S...Advances in in-vehicle assisted driving technologies provide new opportunities for improving driving performance and traffic efficiency. Human-machine interfaces(HMIs),navigation systems, and signal countdown timers(SCTs) have changed driver behavior.Although many researchers have attempted to examine the effectiveness of SCT systems,numerous HMI concepts have not been validated. For example, the quantitative impact of SCTs on driving patterns in daily driving tasks remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an HMI navigation system and an SCT on the driver's visual interaction, performance, and behavioral patterns. Three driving tasks were considered: a baseline(without information prompts), navigation system(with information from a navigation system), and navigation + SCT(with information from a navigation system and an SCT). An experimental study was conducted with 35 participants in a static high-fidelity driving simulator. Data on the driver's visual attention, operating characteristics, and vehicle kinematics were collected. A non-parametric test was used to analyze the human-machine interaction characteristics and driving performance. A Bayesian nonparametric driving model was constructed, and a text clustering algorithm was used to distinguish different driving patterns. The results indicated that providing information from the navigation and SCT systems improved driving performance significantly, whereas providing only information from the navigation system improved driving performance negligibly. Drivers required different information in different traffic light phases, and the most information was needed when the light was green. The proposed driving model could distinguish seven driving patterns during an intersection approach. The quantitative results showed that providing SCT information reduced the probability of acceleration by 21.5% and increased the probability of smooth driving by 25.1%. The findings of the study provide valuable insights for developing user-friendly driver assistance systems.展开更多
Social clubs geared to seniors are offering fresh retirees opportunities to socialize,explore new interests and make the most of their golden years.But will their business model age well?
随着分子生物学技术蓬勃发展,越来越多的肿瘤学者通过The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)数据库下载高通量测序数据,运用生物信息学分析的方法,识别肿瘤免疫微环境中各种细胞的表达量,进行肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞的分析工作,但是肿瘤与免疫的相...随着分子生物学技术蓬勃发展,越来越多的肿瘤学者通过The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)数据库下载高通量测序数据,运用生物信息学分析的方法,识别肿瘤免疫微环境中各种细胞的表达量,进行肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞的分析工作,但是肿瘤与免疫的相互作用往往十分复杂,临床工作人员面对庞大数据量展开分析工作仍然充满困难,基于此本文介绍一款全面分析肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞及其可视化的数据库TIMER2.0,旨在为临床研究人员轻松识别多种癌症类型与正常组织及免疫细胞浸润之间的基因组学关系,快速运用多种算法掌握肿瘤概况。展开更多
This research is a continuation to our work which was published in [1]. Eight different timing VIs are designed and tested. These include ON-Delay, OFF-Delay, Single Shot, Retriggerable Monostable, and Accumulative so...This research is a continuation to our work which was published in [1]. Eight different timing VIs are designed and tested. These include ON-Delay, OFF-Delay, Single Shot, Retriggerable Monostable, and Accumulative software-based timers. Using hardware programmable counter/timer chip (DAQ-STC-24bit) and PCI MIO-16E-1 DAQ board, another two precise timers are designed. At the end of the paper, for illustration purposes, an electro-pneumatic drive system was developed and controlled utilizing designed on-delay timers VI functions. Results of experiment show complete coincidence between the PLC-based control and Virtual PLC-based program results.展开更多
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.3244031)the National Funded Postdoctoral Researcher Program of China(No.GZB20230355)the Beijing Science and Technology Star Program(No.20230484418)
文摘Advances in in-vehicle assisted driving technologies provide new opportunities for improving driving performance and traffic efficiency. Human-machine interfaces(HMIs),navigation systems, and signal countdown timers(SCTs) have changed driver behavior.Although many researchers have attempted to examine the effectiveness of SCT systems,numerous HMI concepts have not been validated. For example, the quantitative impact of SCTs on driving patterns in daily driving tasks remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an HMI navigation system and an SCT on the driver's visual interaction, performance, and behavioral patterns. Three driving tasks were considered: a baseline(without information prompts), navigation system(with information from a navigation system), and navigation + SCT(with information from a navigation system and an SCT). An experimental study was conducted with 35 participants in a static high-fidelity driving simulator. Data on the driver's visual attention, operating characteristics, and vehicle kinematics were collected. A non-parametric test was used to analyze the human-machine interaction characteristics and driving performance. A Bayesian nonparametric driving model was constructed, and a text clustering algorithm was used to distinguish different driving patterns. The results indicated that providing information from the navigation and SCT systems improved driving performance significantly, whereas providing only information from the navigation system improved driving performance negligibly. Drivers required different information in different traffic light phases, and the most information was needed when the light was green. The proposed driving model could distinguish seven driving patterns during an intersection approach. The quantitative results showed that providing SCT information reduced the probability of acceleration by 21.5% and increased the probability of smooth driving by 25.1%. The findings of the study provide valuable insights for developing user-friendly driver assistance systems.
文摘Social clubs geared to seniors are offering fresh retirees opportunities to socialize,explore new interests and make the most of their golden years.But will their business model age well?
文摘随着分子生物学技术蓬勃发展,越来越多的肿瘤学者通过The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)数据库下载高通量测序数据,运用生物信息学分析的方法,识别肿瘤免疫微环境中各种细胞的表达量,进行肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞的分析工作,但是肿瘤与免疫的相互作用往往十分复杂,临床工作人员面对庞大数据量展开分析工作仍然充满困难,基于此本文介绍一款全面分析肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞及其可视化的数据库TIMER2.0,旨在为临床研究人员轻松识别多种癌症类型与正常组织及免疫细胞浸润之间的基因组学关系,快速运用多种算法掌握肿瘤概况。
文摘This research is a continuation to our work which was published in [1]. Eight different timing VIs are designed and tested. These include ON-Delay, OFF-Delay, Single Shot, Retriggerable Monostable, and Accumulative software-based timers. Using hardware programmable counter/timer chip (DAQ-STC-24bit) and PCI MIO-16E-1 DAQ board, another two precise timers are designed. At the end of the paper, for illustration purposes, an electro-pneumatic drive system was developed and controlled utilizing designed on-delay timers VI functions. Results of experiment show complete coincidence between the PLC-based control and Virtual PLC-based program results.
