Timely and reliable estimation of regional crop yield is a vital component of food security assessment, especially in developing regions. The traditional crop forecasting methods need ample time and labor to collect a...Timely and reliable estimation of regional crop yield is a vital component of food security assessment, especially in developing regions. The traditional crop forecasting methods need ample time and labor to collect and process field data to release official yield reports. Satellite remote sensing data is considered a cost-effective and accurate way of predicting crop yield at pixel-level. In this study, maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) during the crop-growing season was integrated with Machine Learning Regression (MLR) models to estimate wheat and rice yields in Pakistan’s Punjab province. Five MLR models were compared using a fivefold cross-validation method for their predictive accuracy. The study results revealed that the regression model based on the Gaussian process outperformed over other models. The best performing model attained coefficient of determination (R^(2)), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE, t/ ha), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE, t/ha) of 0.75, 0.281, and 0.236 for wheat;0.68, 0.112, and 0.091 for rice, respectively. The proposed method made it feasible to predict wheat and rice 6- 8 weeks before the harvest. The early prediction of crop yield and its spatial distribution in the region can help formulate efficient agricultural policies for sustainable social, environmental, and economic progress.展开更多
Background: Ensuring prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment will prevent most cases of uncomplicated malaria from progressing to severe and fatal illness. To avoid this progression, treatment must begin as soon...Background: Ensuring prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment will prevent most cases of uncomplicated malaria from progressing to severe and fatal illness. To avoid this progression, treatment must begin as soon as possible, generally within 24 hours after symptoms onset. The reason why mothers/caretakers delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five is not well studied in the study area as well as in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment among under-five children in Shashogo Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: An unmatched case control study was conducted from March 25-April 25, 2013. A total sample size of 302 with 151 cases and 151 controls were selected by systematic random sampling techniques. Cases were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment after 24 hours of symptoms onset, and controls were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment within 24 hours of symptoms onset. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify determinant of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment. Results: A total of 151 mothers/caretakers of cases and 151 mothers/caretakers of controls were interviewed. Illiterate mothers (AOR = 7.14;95%CI: 1.10, 46.39), monthly income ≤500 ETB (AOR = 5.49;95%CI: 2.09, 14.45), females sex (AOR = 3.45;95%CI: 1.62, 7.34), distance from health facility >5 km (AOR = 4.31;95%CI: 1.22, 15.23), absence of history of child death (AOR = 4.21;95%CI: 1.514, 11.68), side effects of antimalarial drugs (AOR = 2.91;95%CI: 1.15, 7.33) and khat chewing (AOR = 2.38;95%CI: 1.28, 5.79) were determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of under-five children. Conclusion: Mother’s education, monthly income, distance from health facility, absence of history of child death, complained about side effects of drugs and khat chewing were predictors of delay of prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment. Effective malaria control programs revision would be required to avoid delay of prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five children.展开更多
Quorum systems have been used to solve the problem of data consistency in distributed fault-tolerance systems.But when intrusions occur,traditional quorum systems have some disadvantages.For example,synchronous quorum...Quorum systems have been used to solve the problem of data consistency in distributed fault-tolerance systems.But when intrusions occur,traditional quorum systems have some disadvantages.For example,synchronous quorum systems are subject to DOS attacks,while asynchronous quorum systems need a larger system size(at least 3f+1 for generic data,and f fewer for self-verifying data).In order to solve the problems above,an intrusion-tolerance quorum system(ITQS)of hybrid time model based on trust timely computing base is presented(TTCB).The TTCB is a trust secure real-time component inside the server with a well defined interface and separated from the operation system.It is in the synchronous communication environment while the application layer in the server deals with read-write requests and executes update-copy protocols asynchronously.The architectural hybridization of synchrony and asynchrony can achieve the data consistency and availability correctly.We also build two kinds of ITQSes based on TTCB,i.e.,the symmetrical and the asymmetrical TTCB quorum systems.In the performance evaluations,we show that TTCB quorum systems are of smaller size,lower load and higher availability.展开更多
Ideally,firms should discontinue projects that become unprofitable.Managers,however,continue to operate such projects because of their limited employment horizons and empire-building motivations(Jensen,1986; Ball,2001...Ideally,firms should discontinue projects that become unprofitable.Managers,however,continue to operate such projects because of their limited employment horizons and empire-building motivations(Jensen,1986; Ball,2001).Prior studies suggest that timely loss recognition in accounting earnings enables lenders,shareholders,and boards of directors to identify unprofitable projects; thereby,enabling them to force managers to discontinue such projects before large value erosion occurs.However,this conjecture has not been tested empirically.Consistent with this notion,we find that timely loss recognition increases the likelihood of timely closures of unprofitable projects.Moreover,managers,by announcing late discontinuations of such projects,reveal their inability to select good projects and/or to contain losses,when projects turn unprofitable.Accordingly,thereafter,the fund providers and board of directors are likely to demand improved timeliness of loss recognition and stringent scrutiny of firms' capital expenditure plans.Consistently,we find that firms that announce large discontinuation losses reduce capital expenditures and improve timeliness of loss recognition in subsequent years.Our study provides evidence that timely loss reporting affects "real" economic decisions and creates economic benefits.展开更多
After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the tim...After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.展开更多
Background:Early control of haemorrhage and optimisation of physiology are guiding principles of resuscitation after injury.Improved outcomes have been previously associated with single,timely interventions.The aim of...Background:Early control of haemorrhage and optimisation of physiology are guiding principles of resuscitation after injury.Improved outcomes have been previously associated with single,timely interventions.The aim of this study was to assess the association between multiple timely life-saving interventions(LSIs)and outcomes of traumatic haemorrhagic shock patients.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was undertaken of injured patients with haemorrhagic shock who presented to Alfered Emergency&Trauma Centre between July 01,2010 and July 31,2014.LSIs studied included chest decompression,control of external haemorrhage,pelvic binder application,transfusion of red cells and coagulation products and surgical control of bleeding through angio-embolisation or operative intervention.The primary exposure variable was timely initiation of≥50%of the indicated interventions.The association between the primary exposure variable and outcome of death at hospital discharge was adjusted for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression analysis.The association between total pre-hospital times and pre-hospital care times(time from ambulance at scene to trauma centre),in-hospital mortality and timely initiation of≥50%of the indicated interventions were assessed.Results:Of the 168 patients,54(32.1%)patients had≥50%of indicated LSI completed within the specified time period.Timely delivery of LSI was independently associated with improved survival to hospital discharge(adjusted odds ratio(OR)for in-hospital death 0.17;95%confidence interval(CI)0.03–0.83;p=0.028).This association was independent of patient age,pre-hospital care time,injury severity score,initial serum lactate levels and coagulopathy.Among patients with pre-hospital time of≥2 h,2(3.6%)received timely LSIs.Pre-hospital care times of≥2 h were associated with delayed LSIs and with in-hospital death(unadjusted OR 4.3;95%CI 1.4–13.0).Conclusions:Timely completion of LSI when indicated was completed in a small proportion of patients and reflects previous research demonstrating delayed processes and errors even in advanced trauma systems.Timely delivery of a high proportion of LSIs was associated with improved outcomes among patients presenting with haemorrhagic shock after injury.Provision of LSIs in the pre-hospital phase of trauma care has the potential to improve outcomes.展开更多
AIM:To compare the tear film quantity and stability parameters in keratoconus(KCN)and normal eyes using test breakup time(TBUT),noninvasive TBUT(NITBUT),and Schirmer test.METHODS:All participants(n=166),including pati...AIM:To compare the tear film quantity and stability parameters in keratoconus(KCN)and normal eyes using test breakup time(TBUT),noninvasive TBUT(NITBUT),and Schirmer test.METHODS:All participants(n=166),including patients with KCN and age-matched healthy individuals with normal corneas,were recruited from those referred to Farabi Eye Hospital,Iran,in 2023.To better account for genetic and environmental factors,the control group comprised healthy individuals who were relatives of KCN patients and had normal corneal topography.Tear quantity parameters were evaluated in the following order:NITBUT,TBUT,and Schirmer tests.RESULTS:The mean age of cases in KCN(61.7%males)and normal(63.5%males)participants was 27.54±5.44y(range 19 to 38)and 27.52±5.63y(range 20 to 38),respectively(P=0.976).NIBUT,TBUT,and Schirmer’s tests were significantly lower in KCN group compared to normal controls(all P<0.001).The mean difference for NIBUT was-7.81s(P<0.001),and for TBUT was-7.61s(P<0.001).Schirmer test values were also significantly lower in the KCN group,with a mean difference of-5.61 mm compared to normal people(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate significant tear film impairment in KCN.The reductions in NIBUT,TBUT and Schirmer scores highlight an underlying tear film dysfunction in KCN that extends beyond the morphological changes of the cornea.展开更多
Overseas investors are enthusiastic about the Chinese stock market as the equities are attractively priced and investors can expect profitable returns in the long「un. This is the verdict of Mark Makepeace, head of FT...Overseas investors are enthusiastic about the Chinese stock market as the equities are attractively priced and investors can expect profitable returns in the long「un. This is the verdict of Mark Makepeace, head of FTSE Russell, the second largest index provider in the world, whose organization will include Chinese shares in its major benchmarks.展开更多
Dialogue of Asian civilizations encourages inclusiveness to counteract clashes The unprecedented rise of China and several other Asian nations has led to a global transformation.While this has a positive impact on muc...Dialogue of Asian civilizations encourages inclusiveness to counteract clashes The unprecedented rise of China and several other Asian nations has led to a global transformation.While this has a positive impact on much of the world,it has also unsettled a few leading powers that enjoy a privileged position in the international system.展开更多
Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the...Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).展开更多
A timely snow falls whitening the earth, Promises good harvest. Gone is the old year When the firecrackers boom. And the Northern Territory Awaits another prosperous year.
IN Sandu, in Guizhou Province in southern China, I saw poverty, but also hope. Sandu, located in the south part of the province, is the only Shui Nationality Autonomous County in China. The Shui population account for...IN Sandu, in Guizhou Province in southern China, I saw poverty, but also hope. Sandu, located in the south part of the province, is the only Shui Nationality Autonomous County in China. The Shui population account for 62.7 percent of the 280,000 people who live in the county, and the present and past county magistrates have always been people of the $hui nationality. Sandu boasts blue rivers and展开更多
This paper first analyzes the complexity of pathological processes involved in acute hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke,including primary and secondary brain injury manifestations and mechanisms,potential transformations ...This paper first analyzes the complexity of pathological processes involved in acute hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke,including primary and secondary brain injury manifestations and mechanisms,potential transformations between hemorrhage and infarction,and the impact of postbrain injury inflammation on disease progression.Based on decades of extensive clinical and pharmacological research on the usage of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)monomers or formulas that promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis(such as Angong Niuhuang Wan,Buyang Huanwu Tang,Dahuoluo Wan,and Dushen Tang)for stroke treatment,it proposes that tonifying qi,promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,and detoxifying are rational treatment principles of CHM.These principles correspond to the following Western medical implications:tonifying qi corresponds to neuroprotection effects,promoting blood circulation corresponds to anticoagulation and thrombolysis,removing blood stasis addresses hematoma absorption and cerebral edema reduction,and detoxifying corresponds to anti-inflammatory actions.This paper further proposes from a systems medicine perspective that acute stroke is a complex disease requiring individualized CHM treatment with timely modifications rather than a one-sizefits-all approach.CHM monomers or formulas for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,which have various effects such as lowering blood pressure,hemostasis,anticoagulation,antiplatelet,anti-inflammatory,promoting fibrinolysis,and edema reduction,must align with disease progression and be applied within appropriate therapeutic time windows to ensure efficacy and safety.Finally,this paper suggests that a combined use of acupuncture and CHM can potentially synergistically leverage their respective therapeutic strengths.Additionally,acupuncture shows clear benefits in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),such as stimulating the vagus nerve to enhance cerebral blood flow,reducing inflammation,as well as triggering hemostatic effects.By applying these rational treatment principles in an integrated approach,better CHM treatment outcomes and higher efficacy of stroke management may be attained.展开更多
Iced transmission line galloping poses a significant threat to the safety and reliability of power systems,leading directly to line tripping,disconnections,and power outages.Existing early warning methods of iced tran...Iced transmission line galloping poses a significant threat to the safety and reliability of power systems,leading directly to line tripping,disconnections,and power outages.Existing early warning methods of iced transmission line galloping suffer from issues such as reliance on a single data source,neglect of irregular time series,and lack of attention-based closed-loop feedback,resulting in high rates of missed and false alarms.To address these challenges,we propose an Internet of Things(IoT)empowered early warning method of transmission line galloping that integrates time series data from optical fiber sensing and weather forecast.Initially,the method applies a primary adaptive weighted fusion to the IoT empowered optical fiber real-time sensing data and weather forecast data,followed by a secondary fusion based on a Back Propagation(BP)neural network,and uses the K-medoids algorithm for clustering the fused data.Furthermore,an adaptive irregular time series perception adjustment module is introduced into the traditional Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)network,and closed-loop feedback based on attentionmechanism is employed to update network parameters through gradient feedback of the loss function,enabling closed-loop training and time series data prediction of the GRU network model.Subsequently,considering various types of prediction data and the duration of icing,an iced transmission line galloping risk coefficient is established,and warnings are categorized based on this coefficient.Finally,using an IoT-driven realistic dataset of iced transmission line galloping,the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through multi-dimensional simulation scenarios.展开更多
针对低空经济发展涉及的安全管理问题,在总结低空经济相关技术路线原理及落地方案的运行经验,分析低空安防普适性的4个建设方案:雷达与通感一体技术融合方案、广播式自动相关监视技术方案、远程识别技术方案和基于TDOA(time difference ...针对低空经济发展涉及的安全管理问题,在总结低空经济相关技术路线原理及落地方案的运行经验,分析低空安防普适性的4个建设方案:雷达与通感一体技术融合方案、广播式自动相关监视技术方案、远程识别技术方案和基于TDOA(time difference of arrival)无线电技术的多源融合方案的基础上,构建无人飞行器探测技术评价指标体系,并建立了一种基于决策试验评估实验室(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL)和优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS)的多属性评价方法。结果发现,以TDOA为基础的多源融合方案是构建城市低空安防体系的有效路径和普适性方案。研究表明,低空安防体系的建设是一个系统性工程,需要政府、企业和社会各方的共同努力,在技术、数据、运营等多个层面进行整合,以适应未来低空经济的发展需求。展开更多
基金The research is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)General Research(Grant number 41971386)Hong Kong Research Grant Council(RGC)General Research Fund(Grant number 12301820)+2 种基金The work is a part of PhD research funded by Hong Kong PhD Fellowship Scheme(HKPFS)Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)General Program(Grant number 41971386)Hong Kong Research Grant Council(RGC)General Research Fund(Grant number 12301820).
文摘Timely and reliable estimation of regional crop yield is a vital component of food security assessment, especially in developing regions. The traditional crop forecasting methods need ample time and labor to collect and process field data to release official yield reports. Satellite remote sensing data is considered a cost-effective and accurate way of predicting crop yield at pixel-level. In this study, maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) during the crop-growing season was integrated with Machine Learning Regression (MLR) models to estimate wheat and rice yields in Pakistan’s Punjab province. Five MLR models were compared using a fivefold cross-validation method for their predictive accuracy. The study results revealed that the regression model based on the Gaussian process outperformed over other models. The best performing model attained coefficient of determination (R^(2)), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE, t/ ha), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE, t/ha) of 0.75, 0.281, and 0.236 for wheat;0.68, 0.112, and 0.091 for rice, respectively. The proposed method made it feasible to predict wheat and rice 6- 8 weeks before the harvest. The early prediction of crop yield and its spatial distribution in the region can help formulate efficient agricultural policies for sustainable social, environmental, and economic progress.
文摘Background: Ensuring prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment will prevent most cases of uncomplicated malaria from progressing to severe and fatal illness. To avoid this progression, treatment must begin as soon as possible, generally within 24 hours after symptoms onset. The reason why mothers/caretakers delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five is not well studied in the study area as well as in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment among under-five children in Shashogo Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: An unmatched case control study was conducted from March 25-April 25, 2013. A total sample size of 302 with 151 cases and 151 controls were selected by systematic random sampling techniques. Cases were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment after 24 hours of symptoms onset, and controls were under-five children who had clinical malaria and sought treatment within 24 hours of symptoms onset. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify determinant of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment. Results: A total of 151 mothers/caretakers of cases and 151 mothers/caretakers of controls were interviewed. Illiterate mothers (AOR = 7.14;95%CI: 1.10, 46.39), monthly income ≤500 ETB (AOR = 5.49;95%CI: 2.09, 14.45), females sex (AOR = 3.45;95%CI: 1.62, 7.34), distance from health facility >5 km (AOR = 4.31;95%CI: 1.22, 15.23), absence of history of child death (AOR = 4.21;95%CI: 1.514, 11.68), side effects of antimalarial drugs (AOR = 2.91;95%CI: 1.15, 7.33) and khat chewing (AOR = 2.38;95%CI: 1.28, 5.79) were determinants of delay in malaria prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of under-five children. Conclusion: Mother’s education, monthly income, distance from health facility, absence of history of child death, complained about side effects of drugs and khat chewing were predictors of delay of prompt diagnosis and timely malaria treatment. Effective malaria control programs revision would be required to avoid delay of prompt diagnosis and timely treatment for under-five children.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60774091)
文摘Quorum systems have been used to solve the problem of data consistency in distributed fault-tolerance systems.But when intrusions occur,traditional quorum systems have some disadvantages.For example,synchronous quorum systems are subject to DOS attacks,while asynchronous quorum systems need a larger system size(at least 3f+1 for generic data,and f fewer for self-verifying data).In order to solve the problems above,an intrusion-tolerance quorum system(ITQS)of hybrid time model based on trust timely computing base is presented(TTCB).The TTCB is a trust secure real-time component inside the server with a well defined interface and separated from the operation system.It is in the synchronous communication environment while the application layer in the server deals with read-write requests and executes update-copy protocols asynchronously.The architectural hybridization of synchrony and asynchrony can achieve the data consistency and availability correctly.We also build two kinds of ITQSes based on TTCB,i.e.,the symmetrical and the asymmetrical TTCB quorum systems.In the performance evaluations,we show that TTCB quorum systems are of smaller size,lower load and higher availability.
文摘Ideally,firms should discontinue projects that become unprofitable.Managers,however,continue to operate such projects because of their limited employment horizons and empire-building motivations(Jensen,1986; Ball,2001).Prior studies suggest that timely loss recognition in accounting earnings enables lenders,shareholders,and boards of directors to identify unprofitable projects; thereby,enabling them to force managers to discontinue such projects before large value erosion occurs.However,this conjecture has not been tested empirically.Consistent with this notion,we find that timely loss recognition increases the likelihood of timely closures of unprofitable projects.Moreover,managers,by announcing late discontinuations of such projects,reveal their inability to select good projects and/or to contain losses,when projects turn unprofitable.Accordingly,thereafter,the fund providers and board of directors are likely to demand improved timeliness of loss recognition and stringent scrutiny of firms' capital expenditure plans.Consistently,we find that firms that announce large discontinuation losses reduce capital expenditures and improve timeliness of loss recognition in subsequent years.Our study provides evidence that timely loss reporting affects "real" economic decisions and creates economic benefits.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2023YFC3603705(to DX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82302866(to YZ).
文摘After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.
文摘Background:Early control of haemorrhage and optimisation of physiology are guiding principles of resuscitation after injury.Improved outcomes have been previously associated with single,timely interventions.The aim of this study was to assess the association between multiple timely life-saving interventions(LSIs)and outcomes of traumatic haemorrhagic shock patients.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was undertaken of injured patients with haemorrhagic shock who presented to Alfered Emergency&Trauma Centre between July 01,2010 and July 31,2014.LSIs studied included chest decompression,control of external haemorrhage,pelvic binder application,transfusion of red cells and coagulation products and surgical control of bleeding through angio-embolisation or operative intervention.The primary exposure variable was timely initiation of≥50%of the indicated interventions.The association between the primary exposure variable and outcome of death at hospital discharge was adjusted for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression analysis.The association between total pre-hospital times and pre-hospital care times(time from ambulance at scene to trauma centre),in-hospital mortality and timely initiation of≥50%of the indicated interventions were assessed.Results:Of the 168 patients,54(32.1%)patients had≥50%of indicated LSI completed within the specified time period.Timely delivery of LSI was independently associated with improved survival to hospital discharge(adjusted odds ratio(OR)for in-hospital death 0.17;95%confidence interval(CI)0.03–0.83;p=0.028).This association was independent of patient age,pre-hospital care time,injury severity score,initial serum lactate levels and coagulopathy.Among patients with pre-hospital time of≥2 h,2(3.6%)received timely LSIs.Pre-hospital care times of≥2 h were associated with delayed LSIs and with in-hospital death(unadjusted OR 4.3;95%CI 1.4–13.0).Conclusions:Timely completion of LSI when indicated was completed in a small proportion of patients and reflects previous research demonstrating delayed processes and errors even in advanced trauma systems.Timely delivery of a high proportion of LSIs was associated with improved outcomes among patients presenting with haemorrhagic shock after injury.Provision of LSIs in the pre-hospital phase of trauma care has the potential to improve outcomes.
文摘AIM:To compare the tear film quantity and stability parameters in keratoconus(KCN)and normal eyes using test breakup time(TBUT),noninvasive TBUT(NITBUT),and Schirmer test.METHODS:All participants(n=166),including patients with KCN and age-matched healthy individuals with normal corneas,were recruited from those referred to Farabi Eye Hospital,Iran,in 2023.To better account for genetic and environmental factors,the control group comprised healthy individuals who were relatives of KCN patients and had normal corneal topography.Tear quantity parameters were evaluated in the following order:NITBUT,TBUT,and Schirmer tests.RESULTS:The mean age of cases in KCN(61.7%males)and normal(63.5%males)participants was 27.54±5.44y(range 19 to 38)and 27.52±5.63y(range 20 to 38),respectively(P=0.976).NIBUT,TBUT,and Schirmer’s tests were significantly lower in KCN group compared to normal controls(all P<0.001).The mean difference for NIBUT was-7.81s(P<0.001),and for TBUT was-7.61s(P<0.001).Schirmer test values were also significantly lower in the KCN group,with a mean difference of-5.61 mm compared to normal people(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate significant tear film impairment in KCN.The reductions in NIBUT,TBUT and Schirmer scores highlight an underlying tear film dysfunction in KCN that extends beyond the morphological changes of the cornea.
文摘Overseas investors are enthusiastic about the Chinese stock market as the equities are attractively priced and investors can expect profitable returns in the long「un. This is the verdict of Mark Makepeace, head of FTSE Russell, the second largest index provider in the world, whose organization will include Chinese shares in its major benchmarks.
文摘Dialogue of Asian civilizations encourages inclusiveness to counteract clashes The unprecedented rise of China and several other Asian nations has led to a global transformation.While this has a positive impact on much of the world,it has also unsettled a few leading powers that enjoy a privileged position in the international system.
文摘Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).
文摘A timely snow falls whitening the earth, Promises good harvest. Gone is the old year When the firecrackers boom. And the Northern Territory Awaits another prosperous year.
文摘IN Sandu, in Guizhou Province in southern China, I saw poverty, but also hope. Sandu, located in the south part of the province, is the only Shui Nationality Autonomous County in China. The Shui population account for 62.7 percent of the 280,000 people who live in the county, and the present and past county magistrates have always been people of the $hui nationality. Sandu boasts blue rivers and
文摘This paper first analyzes the complexity of pathological processes involved in acute hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke,including primary and secondary brain injury manifestations and mechanisms,potential transformations between hemorrhage and infarction,and the impact of postbrain injury inflammation on disease progression.Based on decades of extensive clinical and pharmacological research on the usage of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)monomers or formulas that promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis(such as Angong Niuhuang Wan,Buyang Huanwu Tang,Dahuoluo Wan,and Dushen Tang)for stroke treatment,it proposes that tonifying qi,promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,and detoxifying are rational treatment principles of CHM.These principles correspond to the following Western medical implications:tonifying qi corresponds to neuroprotection effects,promoting blood circulation corresponds to anticoagulation and thrombolysis,removing blood stasis addresses hematoma absorption and cerebral edema reduction,and detoxifying corresponds to anti-inflammatory actions.This paper further proposes from a systems medicine perspective that acute stroke is a complex disease requiring individualized CHM treatment with timely modifications rather than a one-sizefits-all approach.CHM monomers or formulas for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,which have various effects such as lowering blood pressure,hemostasis,anticoagulation,antiplatelet,anti-inflammatory,promoting fibrinolysis,and edema reduction,must align with disease progression and be applied within appropriate therapeutic time windows to ensure efficacy and safety.Finally,this paper suggests that a combined use of acupuncture and CHM can potentially synergistically leverage their respective therapeutic strengths.Additionally,acupuncture shows clear benefits in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),such as stimulating the vagus nerve to enhance cerebral blood flow,reducing inflammation,as well as triggering hemostatic effects.By applying these rational treatment principles in an integrated approach,better CHM treatment outcomes and higher efficacy of stroke management may be attained.
基金research was funded by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China under grant number 5200-202319382A-2-3-XG.
文摘Iced transmission line galloping poses a significant threat to the safety and reliability of power systems,leading directly to line tripping,disconnections,and power outages.Existing early warning methods of iced transmission line galloping suffer from issues such as reliance on a single data source,neglect of irregular time series,and lack of attention-based closed-loop feedback,resulting in high rates of missed and false alarms.To address these challenges,we propose an Internet of Things(IoT)empowered early warning method of transmission line galloping that integrates time series data from optical fiber sensing and weather forecast.Initially,the method applies a primary adaptive weighted fusion to the IoT empowered optical fiber real-time sensing data and weather forecast data,followed by a secondary fusion based on a Back Propagation(BP)neural network,and uses the K-medoids algorithm for clustering the fused data.Furthermore,an adaptive irregular time series perception adjustment module is introduced into the traditional Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)network,and closed-loop feedback based on attentionmechanism is employed to update network parameters through gradient feedback of the loss function,enabling closed-loop training and time series data prediction of the GRU network model.Subsequently,considering various types of prediction data and the duration of icing,an iced transmission line galloping risk coefficient is established,and warnings are categorized based on this coefficient.Finally,using an IoT-driven realistic dataset of iced transmission line galloping,the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through multi-dimensional simulation scenarios.
文摘针对低空经济发展涉及的安全管理问题,在总结低空经济相关技术路线原理及落地方案的运行经验,分析低空安防普适性的4个建设方案:雷达与通感一体技术融合方案、广播式自动相关监视技术方案、远程识别技术方案和基于TDOA(time difference of arrival)无线电技术的多源融合方案的基础上,构建无人飞行器探测技术评价指标体系,并建立了一种基于决策试验评估实验室(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL)和优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS)的多属性评价方法。结果发现,以TDOA为基础的多源融合方案是构建城市低空安防体系的有效路径和普适性方案。研究表明,低空安防体系的建设是一个系统性工程,需要政府、企业和社会各方的共同努力,在技术、数据、运营等多个层面进行整合,以适应未来低空经济的发展需求。
