Heat stress seriously affects wheat production in many regions of the world. At present, heat tolerance research remains one of the least understood fields in wheat genetics and breeding and there is a lack of effecti...Heat stress seriously affects wheat production in many regions of the world. At present, heat tolerance research remains one of the least understood fields in wheat genetics and breeding and there is a lack of effective methods to quantify heat stress and heat tolerance in different wheat cultivars. The objective of this study was to use various wheat cultivars to evaluate stress intensity(δ) and a new method for quantification of heat tolerance and compare this technique with three other currently utilized methods. This new parameter for heat tolerance quantification is referred to as the heat tolerance index(HTI) and is an indicator of both yield potential and yield stability. Heat treatments were applied in a controlled setting when anthesis had been reached for 80% of the wheat. The stress intensity evaluation indicated heat shock was the main factor associated with kernel weight reduction while grain yield reduction was mainly associated with chronic high temperature. The methods evaluation showed that a temperature difference of 5°C from natural temperatures was a suitable heat treatment to compare to the untreated controls. HTI was positively correlated with yield under heat stress(r=0.8657, δ=0.15, in 2009–2010; r=0.8418, δ=0.20, in 2010–2011; P<0.01), and negatively correlated with yield reduction rate(r=–0.8344, in 2009–2010; r=–0.7158, in 2010–2011; P<0.01). The results of this study validated the use of HTI and temperature difference control for quantifying wheat heat tolerance that included the yield potential and the stability of different wheat cultivars under heat stress. Additionally, 10 wheat cultivars showed high HTI and should be further tested for their heat confirming characteristics for use in wheat heat tolerance breeding.展开更多
As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardne...As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardness problem of matching association between target and measurement in the process of scouting to data-link, which has complicated technical architecture of network construction. In this paper, taking advantage of cooperation mechanism on signal level in the aviation multi-station sympathetic network, a method of obtaining target time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurement using multi-station collaborative detecting based on time-frequency association is proposed. The method can not only achieve matching between target and its measurement, but also obtain TDOA measurement by further evolutionary transaction through refreshing sequential pulse time of arrival (TOA) measurement matrix for matching and correlating. Simulation results show that the accuracy of TDOA measurement has significant superiority over TOA, and detection probability of false TDOA measurement introduced by noise and fake measurement can be reduced effectively.展开更多
目的 建立灵香草Lysimachia foenum-graecum一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker,QAMS)多指标成分定量控制方法,采用多元统计分析模型评价不同产地灵香草质量差异。方法 以Prep Scalar C18柱为色谱...目的 建立灵香草Lysimachia foenum-graecum一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker,QAMS)多指标成分定量控制方法,采用多元统计分析模型评价不同产地灵香草质量差异。方法 以Prep Scalar C18柱为色谱柱,乙腈-0.2%磷酸为流动相(梯度洗脱),以槲皮素和熊果酸为内参物,采用QAMS法同时测定灵香草中绿原酸、杨梅素、槲皮素、山柰酚、foenumoside B、零陵香皂苷C、齐墩果酸、熊果酸、豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇含量,同时用外标法验证QAMS法的准确性。依据《中国药典》检测浸出物、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分。进一步应用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、因子分析(factor analysis,FA)和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)法对15批不同产地的灵香草进行区分比较,寻找差异因子。结果 建立的相对校正因子可用于定量分析,且耐用性良好;QAMS法与外标法结果无显著差异,但各批次间差异较大。PCA结果显示15批灵香草聚为3类,FA结果显示广东和广西产地的灵香草质量较优,OPLS-DA结果显示foenumoside B、山柰酚、零陵香皂苷C、绿原酸、槲皮素和豆甾醇是影响灵香草产品质量的差异性标志物。结论 基于多指标成分定量、多元统计分析评价灵香草质量的方法,为灵香草质量标准统一和提升提供基础资料。展开更多
基金partially supported by the Generation Challenge Program,CIMMYT(International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center)(GCP,G7010.02.01)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-3-2-3)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2016YFD0100502,2016YFD0300407)
文摘Heat stress seriously affects wheat production in many regions of the world. At present, heat tolerance research remains one of the least understood fields in wheat genetics and breeding and there is a lack of effective methods to quantify heat stress and heat tolerance in different wheat cultivars. The objective of this study was to use various wheat cultivars to evaluate stress intensity(δ) and a new method for quantification of heat tolerance and compare this technique with three other currently utilized methods. This new parameter for heat tolerance quantification is referred to as the heat tolerance index(HTI) and is an indicator of both yield potential and yield stability. Heat treatments were applied in a controlled setting when anthesis had been reached for 80% of the wheat. The stress intensity evaluation indicated heat shock was the main factor associated with kernel weight reduction while grain yield reduction was mainly associated with chronic high temperature. The methods evaluation showed that a temperature difference of 5°C from natural temperatures was a suitable heat treatment to compare to the untreated controls. HTI was positively correlated with yield under heat stress(r=0.8657, δ=0.15, in 2009–2010; r=0.8418, δ=0.20, in 2010–2011; P<0.01), and negatively correlated with yield reduction rate(r=–0.8344, in 2009–2010; r=–0.7158, in 2010–2011; P<0.01). The results of this study validated the use of HTI and temperature difference control for quantifying wheat heat tolerance that included the yield potential and the stability of different wheat cultivars under heat stress. Additionally, 10 wheat cultivars showed high HTI and should be further tested for their heat confirming characteristics for use in wheat heat tolerance breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61472443)the Basic Research Priorities Program of Shaanxi Province Natural Science Foundation of China(2013JQ8042)
文摘As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardness problem of matching association between target and measurement in the process of scouting to data-link, which has complicated technical architecture of network construction. In this paper, taking advantage of cooperation mechanism on signal level in the aviation multi-station sympathetic network, a method of obtaining target time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurement using multi-station collaborative detecting based on time-frequency association is proposed. The method can not only achieve matching between target and its measurement, but also obtain TDOA measurement by further evolutionary transaction through refreshing sequential pulse time of arrival (TOA) measurement matrix for matching and correlating. Simulation results show that the accuracy of TDOA measurement has significant superiority over TOA, and detection probability of false TDOA measurement introduced by noise and fake measurement can be reduced effectively.
