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Probabilistic distribution and stochastic P-bifurcation of a nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension system with time-delayed feedback control
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作者 Zhao-Bin Zeng Ya-Hui Sun Yang Liu 《Chinese Physics B》 2026年第1期322-330,共9页
Energy-regenerative suspension combined with piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction has evolved into a core technological pathway in advancing automotive design paradigms.With the aim of improving energy harve... Energy-regenerative suspension combined with piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction has evolved into a core technological pathway in advancing automotive design paradigms.With the aim of improving energy harvesting performance,time-delayed feedback control is widely used in an energy-regenerative suspension system under different external disturbances in this paper.Meanwhile,limited research has addressed the stochastic dynamics of time-delayed nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension systems.Different from previous studies,this work studies the stochastic response and P-bifurcation of the nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension system with time-delayed feedback control.Firstly,an approximately equivalent dimension reduction system is established by the variable transformation method,and then the stationary probability density function of amplitude is obtained by the stochastic averaging method.Secondly,the precision of the method used in this work is verified by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical results.Finally,based on the stationary probability density function,the influence of system parameters on stochastic P-bifurcation and the mean output power is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 energy-regenerative suspension stochastic P-bifurcation stochastic resonance time-delayed feedback control
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Output feedback control of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties via an event-triggered strategy
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作者 Weiyong Yu Qi Chen +2 位作者 Hongbing Zhou Xiang An Qiang Liu 《Control Theory and Technology》 2025年第2期321-340,共20页
This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems posses... This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems possess two important characteristics: (i) The uncertain nonlinear terms meet the linearly unmeasurable-states dependent growth with the growth rate being an unknown function of the input and output. (ii) There exist input matching uncertainty and unknown measurement sensitivity. By introducing a single dynamic gain and employing a cleverly devised event-triggering mechanism (ETM), we design a new gain-based event-triggered output-feedback controller, which globally regulates all states of the considered systems and maintains global boundedness of the closed-loop system. Furthermore, the estimation of input matching uncertainty achieves convergence towards its actual value, and Zeno behavior does not happen. Two simulation examples including a practical one show that the proposed approach is effective. 展开更多
关键词 Dynamic gain Event-triggered control Input matching uncertainty Nonlinear time-delay systems Output feedback Unknown measurement sensitivity
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Vibration suppression analysis of iced transmission lines under axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy
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作者 Maoming Hu Guangyun Min +3 位作者 Wanyu Bao Bowen Tian Shuguang Yang Mengqi Cai 《Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters》 2025年第1期69-86,共18页
To ensure the safety of power energy transmission channel and mitigate the harm caused by galloping of iced transmission lines,the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is adopted to suppress the galloping.The p... To ensure the safety of power energy transmission channel and mitigate the harm caused by galloping of iced transmission lines,the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is adopted to suppress the galloping.The par-tial differential equation of galloping with axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is established based on the variational principle for Hamiltonian.Then,the partial differential equation of galloping is transformed into or-dinary differential equation based on normalization and the Galerkin method.The primary amplitude-frequency response equation,the first-order steady-state approximate solution,and the harmonic amplitude-frequency re-sponse equation are derived by the multiscale method.The impact of different parameters such as time-delay value,control coefficient,and amplitude of external excitation on the galloping response are analyzed.The am-plitude under the primary resonance exhibits periodicity as time-delay value varies.The amplitude diminishes with increased control coefficient and increases with external excitation.Comprehensive consideration of vari-ous influences of parameters on vibration characteristics is crucial when employing the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy to suppress galloping.Therefore,to achieve the best vibration suppression effect,it is crucial to adjust the time-delay parameter for modifying the range and amplitude of the resonance zone.The conclusions obtained by this study are expected to advance the refinement of active control techniques for iced transmission lines,and may provide valuable insights for practical engineering applications. 展开更多
关键词 Iced transmission lines Galloping characteristics Axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy Primary resonance Harmonic resonance
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Parameter design for a vibration absorber with time-delayed feedback control 被引量:8
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作者 Feng Wang Jian Xu 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第3期624-640,共17页
Traditional passive vibration absorbers are effective only when their natural frequencies are close to those of the excitations. To solve this problem, a vibration absorber with time-delayed feedback control is propos... Traditional passive vibration absorbers are effective only when their natural frequencies are close to those of the excitations. To solve this problem, a vibration absorber with time-delayed feedback control is proposed to suppress vibration of the primary system under excitation with changing frequency. Firstly, the mechanical model of the delay coupled system is established. Then, the displacement transfer ratio of the system is obtained. The stability of the system is analyzed since delay may result in destabilization. Next, in order to design the control parameters, the vibration absorption performances of the proposed time-delayed vibration absorber are studied. The vibration absorption region is shown. The results show that time-delayed feedback control is able to change the response of the system. The effective vibration absorption frequency band is adjustable by tuning the control gain and time delay. The effective frequency band can be widened when choosing appropriate control parameters. The vibration absorption performances can be greatly improved by the time-delayed absorber. In addition, the optimum control parameters are obtained. Finally, the experimental prototype is constructed. Several tests with different control parameters are taken. The experimental and analytical results match quite well. 展开更多
关键词 VIBRATION ABSORBER time-delayed feedback control VIBRATION ABSORPTION EXPERIMENTS PARAMETER design
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Control of Halo-Chaos in Beam Transport Network via Neural Network Adaptation with Time-Delayed Feedback 被引量:4
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作者 FANG Jin-Qing LUO Xiao-Shu Guo-Xian 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第1期117-120,共4页
Subject of the halo-chaos control in beam transport networks (channels) has become a key concerned issue for many important applications of high-current proton beam since 1990'. In this paper, the magnetic field ad... Subject of the halo-chaos control in beam transport networks (channels) has become a key concerned issue for many important applications of high-current proton beam since 1990'. In this paper, the magnetic field adaptive control based on the neural network with time-delayed feedback is proposed for suppressing beam halo-chaos in the beam transport network with periodic focusing channels. The envelope radius of high-current proton beam is controlled to reach the matched beam radius by suitably selecting the control structure and parameter of the neural network, adjusting the delayed-time and control coefficient of the neural network. 展开更多
关键词 beam transport network periodic focusing channels high-current proton beam HALO-CHAOS neural network adaptation control time-delayed feedback
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Controlling Beam Halo-Chaos via Time-Delayed Feedback 被引量:2
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作者 FANGJin-Qing WENGJia-Qiang +1 位作者 ZHULun-Wu LUOXiao-Shu 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第1期55-59,共5页
The study of controlling high-current proton beam halo-chaos has become a key concerned issue for manyimportant applications. In this paper, time-delayed feedback control method is proposed for beam halo-chaos. Partic... The study of controlling high-current proton beam halo-chaos has become a key concerned issue for manyimportant applications. In this paper, time-delayed feedback control method is proposed for beam halo-chaos. Particle incell simulation results show that the method is very effective and has some advantages for high-current beam experimentsand engineering. 展开更多
关键词 high-current proton beam HALO-CHAOS time-delay feedback control particle in cell
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Bifurcation control of solid angle car-following model through a time-delay feedback method 被引量:2
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作者 Qun JI Hao LYU +2 位作者 Hang YANG Qi WEI Rongjun CHENG 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第9期828-840,共13页
In order to alleviate unstable factor-caused bifurcation and reduce oscillations in traffic flow,a feedback control with consideration of time delay is designed for the solid angle model(SAM).The stability and bifurca... In order to alleviate unstable factor-caused bifurcation and reduce oscillations in traffic flow,a feedback control with consideration of time delay is designed for the solid angle model(SAM).The stability and bifurcation condition of the new SAM is derived through linear analysis and bifurcation analysis,and then accurate range of stable region is obtained.In order to explore the mechanism of the influence of multiple parameter combinations on the stability of controlled systems,a definite integral stabilization method is provided to determine the stable interval of time delay and feedback gain.Numerical simulations are explored to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model,which also demonstrate that feedback gain and delay are two key factors to alleviate traffic congestion in the SAM. 展开更多
关键词 Solid angle model(SAM) time-delay Hopf bifurcation feedback control Parameter calibration
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Optimization of time-delayed feedback control of seismically excited building structures
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作者 Xue-ping LI Wei-qiu ZHU Zu-guang YING 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2008年第3期330-337,共8页
An optimization method for time-delayed feedback control of partially observable linear building structures subjected to seismic excitation is proposed. A time-delayed control problem of partially observable linear bu... An optimization method for time-delayed feedback control of partially observable linear building structures subjected to seismic excitation is proposed. A time-delayed control problem of partially observable linear building structure under horizontal ground acceleration excitation is formulated and converted into that of completely observable linear structure by using separation principle. The time-delayed control forces are approximately expressed in terms of control forces without time delay. The control system is then governed by Itoe stochastic differential equations for the conditional means of system states and then transformed into those for the conditional means of modal energies by using the stochastic averaging method for quasi-Hamiltonian systems. The control law is assumed to be modal velocity feedback control with time delay and the unknown control gains are determined by the modal performance indices. A three-storey building structure is taken as example to illustrate the proposal method and the numerical results are confirmed by using Monte Carlo simulation. 展开更多
关键词 time-delayed feedback control Stochastic averaging method HAMILTONIAN EARTHQUAKE
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Global output feedback control of feedforward nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown growth rate and unknown measurement sensitivity
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作者 Weiyong Yu Keao Gao +1 位作者 Hongbing Zhou Qiang Liu 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期122-134,共13页
This paper discusses the problem of global state regulation via output feedback for a class of feedforward nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown measurement sensitivity. Different from previous works, the nonlinea... This paper discusses the problem of global state regulation via output feedback for a class of feedforward nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown measurement sensitivity. Different from previous works, the nonlinear terms are dominated by upper triangular linear unmeasured (delayed) states multiplied by unknown growth rate. The unknown growth rate is composed of an unknown constant, a power function of output, and an input function. Furthermore, due to the measurement uncertainty of the system output, it is more difficult to solve this problem. It is proved that the presented output feedback controller can globally regulate all states of the nonlinear systems using the dynamic gain scaling technique and choosing the appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive control Dynamic gain controllers Feedforward time-delay systems Measurement sensitivity Output feedback
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Delay-dependent H-infinity control for continuous time-delay systems via state feedback
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作者 Xinchun JIA Yibo GAO +1 位作者 Jingmei ZHANG Nanning ZHENG 《控制理论与应用(英文版)》 EI 2007年第3期221-226,共6页
The delay-dependent H-infinity analysis and H-infinity control problems for continuous time-delay systems are studied. By introducing an equality with some free weighting matrices, an improved criterion of delay-depen... The delay-dependent H-infinity analysis and H-infinity control problems for continuous time-delay systems are studied. By introducing an equality with some free weighting matrices, an improved criterion of delay-dependent stability with H-infinity performance for such systems is presented, and a criterion of existence and some design methods of delay-dependent H-infinity controller for such systems are proposed in term of a set of matrix inequalities, which is solved efficiently by an iterative algorithm. Further, the corresponding results for the delay-dependent robust H-infinity analysis and robust H-infinity control problems for continuous time-delay uncertain systems are given. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method by comparing with the other existing results. 展开更多
关键词 time-delay system Delay-dependent stability H-infinity control State feedback LMI approach
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Performance enhancement of a viscoelastic bistable energy harvester using time-delayed feedback control
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作者 黄美玲 杨勇歌 刘洋 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期142-154,共13页
This paper focuses on the stochastic analysis of a viscoelastic bistable energy harvesting system under colored noise and harmonic excitation, and adopts the time-delayed feedback control to improve its harvesting eff... This paper focuses on the stochastic analysis of a viscoelastic bistable energy harvesting system under colored noise and harmonic excitation, and adopts the time-delayed feedback control to improve its harvesting efficiency. Firstly, to obtain the dimensionless governing equation of the system, the original bistable system is approximated as a system without viscoelastic term by using the stochastic averaging method of energy envelope, and then is further decoupled to derive an equivalent system. The credibility of the proposed method is validated by contrasting the consistency between the numerical and the analytical results of the equivalent system under different noise conditions. The influence of system parameters on average output power is analyzed, and the control effect of the time-delayed feedback control on system performance is compared. The output performance of the system is improved with the occurrence of stochastic resonance(SR). Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio expression for measuring SR is derived, and the dependence of its SR behavior on different parameters is explored. 展开更多
关键词 energy harvesting BISTABILITY stochastic averaging method stochastic resonance time-delayed feedback control
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Feedback control strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time for coke oven and its application
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作者 FangHuo ZhiWen +3 位作者 DongChen YuelingShen YongqinZhang XiaomingZhi 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2004年第2期110-114,共5页
Based on the detailed analysis of the third coke oven in BaoSteel, a feedbackcontrol strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time of coke ovens wasproposed and it was applied to the third coke ... Based on the detailed analysis of the third coke oven in BaoSteel, a feedbackcontrol strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time of coke ovens wasproposed and it was applied to the third coke oven in BaoSteel. As a result, the ratio of theinstance that the absolute deviation of the longitudinal temperature is within +- 7 deg C and thefinished carbonization time within +- 10 min is more than 80 percent, having acquired the patentsaving effect of an energy consumption lowered by 2.92 percent. At the same time, it can provide anexample for the same coke ovens inside and outside the nation. 展开更多
关键词 coke oven longitudinal temperature mathematical model finishedcarbonization time feedback control strategy
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Experimental studies on active control of a dynamic system via a time-delayed absorber 被引量:9
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作者 Jian Xu Yixia Sun 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第2期229-247,共19页
The traditional passive absorber is fully effective within a narrow and certain frequency band.To solve this problem,a time-delayed acceleration feedback is introduced to convert a passive absorber into an active one.... The traditional passive absorber is fully effective within a narrow and certain frequency band.To solve this problem,a time-delayed acceleration feedback is introduced to convert a passive absorber into an active one.Both the inherent and the intentional time delays are included.The former mainly comes from signal acquiring and processing,computing,and applying the actuation force,and its value is fixed.The latter is introduced in the controller,and its value is actively adjustable.Firstly,the mechanical model is established and the frequency response equations are obtained.The regions of stability are delineated in the plane of control parameters.Secondly,the design scheme of control parameters is performed to help select the values of the feedback gain and time delay.Thirdly,the experimental studies are conducted.Effects of both negative and positive feedback control are investigated.Experimental results show that the proper choices of control parameters may broaden the effective frequency band of vibration absorption.Moreover,the time-delayed absorber greatly suppresses the resonant response of the primary system when the passive absorber totally fails.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions and numerical simulations. 展开更多
关键词 Vibration absorber time-delayed feedback Vibration control Stability
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Feedback stabilization of N-dimensional stochastic quantum systems based on bang-bang control 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaqing SUN Sen KUANG +2 位作者 Yanan LIU Juan ZHOU Shuang CONG 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2017年第3期206-218,共13页
For an N-dimensional quantum system under the influence of continuous measurement, this paper presents a switching control scheme where the control law is of bang-bang type and achieves asymptotic preparation of an ar... For an N-dimensional quantum system under the influence of continuous measurement, this paper presents a switching control scheme where the control law is of bang-bang type and achieves asymptotic preparation of an arbitrarily given eigenstate of a non-degenerate and degenerate measurement operator, respectively. In the switching control strategy, we divide the state space into two parts: a set containing a target state, and its complementary set. By analyzing the stability of the stochastic system model under consideration, we design a constant control law and give some conditions that the control Hamiltonian satisfies so that the system trajectories in the complementary set converge to the set which contains the target state. Further, for the case of a non-degenerate measurement operator, we show that the system trajectories in the set containing the target state will automatically converge to the target state via quantum continuous measurement theory; while for the case of a degenerate measurement operator, the corresponding system trajectories will also converge to the target state via the construction of the control Hamiltonians. The convergence of the whole closed-loop systems under the cases of a non-degenerate and a degenerate measurement operator is strictly proved. The effectiveness of the proposed switching control scheme is verified by the simulation experiments on a finite-dimensional angular momentum system and a two-qubit system. 展开更多
关键词 Quantum systems feedback stabilization bang-bang control switching strategy
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New type of adaptive control for a class of distributed time-delay systems with adaptation regard to delay parameter 被引量:1
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作者 Lin Chai Shumin Fei +2 位作者 Haiyan Jin Ruimin Wang Yanhong Li 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2010年第6期1054-1062,共9页
The problem on stabilization for the system with distributed delays is researched.The distributed time-delay under consideration is assumed to be a constant time-delay,but not known exactly.A design method is proposed... The problem on stabilization for the system with distributed delays is researched.The distributed time-delay under consideration is assumed to be a constant time-delay,but not known exactly.A design method is proposed for a memory proportional and integral(PI)feedback controller with adaptation to distributed time-delay.The feedback controller with memory simultaneously contains the current state and the past distributed information of the addressed systems.The design for adaptation law to distributed delay is very concise.The controller can be derived by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs).Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the design method. 展开更多
关键词 distributed delay linear matrix inequality(LMI) adaptive control time-delay systems memory PI feedback.
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Suppression of high order disturbances and tracking for nonchaotic systems:a time-delayed state feedback approach
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作者 Zahed Dastan Mahsan Tavakoli-Kakhki 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2022年第1期54-68,共15页
Time-delayed state feedback is an easy realizable control method that generates control force by differencing the current and the delayed versions of the system states.In this paper,a new form of the time-delayed stat... Time-delayed state feedback is an easy realizable control method that generates control force by differencing the current and the delayed versions of the system states.In this paper,a new form of the time-delayed state feedback structure is introduced.Based on the proposed time-delayed state feedback method,a new robust tracking system is designed.This tracking system improves the conventional state feedback with integral action disturbance rejection characteristics in the presence of the disturbance signals imposed on the system dynamics or on the sensors that measure the system states.Also,the proposed tracking system tracks the ramp-shaped reference input signal,which is not achievable through conventional state feedback.Moreover,since the proposed method adds delays to the closed-loop system dynamics,the ordinary differential equation of the system changes to a delay differential equation with an infinite number of characteristic roots.Thus,conventional pole placement techniques cannot be used to design the time-delayed state feedback controller parameters.In this paper,the simulated annealing algorithm is used to determine the proposed control system parameters and move the unstable roots of the delay differential equation to the left half-plane.Finally,the efficiency of the proposed reference input tracker is demonstrated by presenting two numerical examples. 展开更多
关键词 time-delayed state feedback Integral control Disturbance rejection Robust tracking
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Control and Stabilization of Chaotic System Based on Linear Feedback Control Method
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作者 WEI Xingmin LI Dekui 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS CSCD 2024年第3期284-292,共9页
In this paper, two kinds of chaotic systems are controlled respectively with and without time-delay to eliminate their chaotic behaviors. First of all, according to the first-order approximation method and the stabili... In this paper, two kinds of chaotic systems are controlled respectively with and without time-delay to eliminate their chaotic behaviors. First of all, according to the first-order approximation method and the stabilization condition of the linear system, one linear feedback controller is structured to control the chaotic system without time-delay, its chaotic behavior is eliminated and stabilized to its equilibrium. After that, based on the first-order approximation method, the Lyapunov stability theorem, and the matrix inequality theory, the other linear feedback controller is structured to control the chaotic system with time-delay and make it stabilized at its equilibrium. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the correctness and effectiveness of the two linear feedback controllers. 展开更多
关键词 chaotic system without time-delay chaotic system with time-delay STABILIZATION linear feedback control method
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H-infinity output feedback control for descriptor systems with delayed states
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作者 Jun' e FENG Peng CUI Zhaolin CHENG 《控制理论与应用(英文版)》 EI 2005年第4期341-347,共7页
This paper considers the H-infinity dynamic output feedback control for descriptor systems with delay in states. The controller is a descriptor system without delay. Several equivalent sufficient conditions for the ex... This paper considers the H-infinity dynamic output feedback control for descriptor systems with delay in states. The controller is a descriptor system without delay. Several equivalent sufficient conditions for the existence of one descriptor dynamic controller without impulsive models are given. Furthermore the explicit expression of the desired controller is obtained. The detailed design of the controller is presented using the cone complementarity linearization iterative algorithm and the LMI method. A ntumerical example is shown to illustrate the designed method. 展开更多
关键词 Descriptor systems time-delay system H-infinity output feedback control LMI Cone complementarity linearization iterafive algorithm
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Optimal Control for Time-Delay Bilinear Systems with Sinusoidal Disturbances
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作者 Dexin Gao Min Wang Leilei Li 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2013年第1期32-35,共4页
This paper considers the optimal control problem for time-delay bilinear systems affected by sinusoidal disturbances with known frequency and measurable amplitude and phase. Firstly, using the differential homeomorphi... This paper considers the optimal control problem for time-delay bilinear systems affected by sinusoidal disturbances with known frequency and measurable amplitude and phase. Firstly, using the differential homeomorphism, a time-delay bilinear system affected by sinusoidal disturbances is changed to a time-delay pseudo linear system through the coordinate transformation. Then the system with time-delay in control variable is transformed to a linear controllable system without delay using model transformation. At last based on the theory of linear quadratic optimal control, an optimal control law which is used to eliminate the influence of the disturbances is derived from a Riccati equation and Matrix equations. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the method. 展开更多
关键词 time-delay BILINEAR System feedback LINEARIZATION Sinusoidal Disturbances OPTIMAL control
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基于STM32的自主轻简灌溉控制器构建
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作者 刘天翔 徐巍 +3 位作者 郭冬茹 韩晓蓓 张建华 李锋 《中国农机化学报》 北大核心 2026年第2期349-356,共8页
针对农业生产中简易灌溉设备(文丘里管、注肥泵、施肥罐等)难以进行自主决策,灌溉量主要是通过人工经验或手动预设方式控制等问题,通过研究番茄的需水规律和智能控制技术,与简易配肥设备相结合,制定改进型时间灌溉策略与实时重量反馈灌... 针对农业生产中简易灌溉设备(文丘里管、注肥泵、施肥罐等)难以进行自主决策,灌溉量主要是通过人工经验或手动预设方式控制等问题,通过研究番茄的需水规律和智能控制技术,与简易配肥设备相结合,制定改进型时间灌溉策略与实时重量反馈灌溉策略,基于STM32单片机开发低成本、轻量化自主灌溉控制器。以植物生长量(株高、茎粗、单穗重)、灌溉量与回液量为试验指标,验证改进型时间灌溉策略与实时重量反馈灌溉策略的应用效果。结果表明,与手动预设灌溉相比,改进型时间灌溉策略在日均灌溉量减少9.3%、回液比降低9.4%条件下,番茄株高、茎粗、单穗重均无显著性差异(P>0.05);与手动预设灌溉相比,实时重量反馈灌溉策略在日均灌溉量减少20.3%、回液比降低17.4%条件下,番茄株高、茎粗、单穗重均无显著性差异(P>0.05);改进型时间灌溉策略与实时重量反馈灌溉策略相比于手动预设灌溉,农业产业园日光温室每年预计分别节约2.055万元/hm^(2)、4.305万元/hm^(2)。该控制器轻简高效,提高简易配肥设备水肥利用效率,减少资源消耗和浪费。 展开更多
关键词 灌溉控制器 灌溉策略 番茄 重量反馈 单片机
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