A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source di...A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for d...This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for detailed examination.Initially,utilizing Hamilton’s variational principle,a nonlinear vibration control model of suspended cables under multi-frequency excitations and longitudinal time-delayed velocity feedback is developed,and the Galerkin method is employed to obtain the discrete model.Subsequently,focusing solely on single-mode discretization,analytical solutions for the two simultaneous resonances are derived using the method of multiple scales.The frequency response equations are derived,and the stability analysis is presented for two simultaneous resonance cases.The results demonstrate that suspended cables exhibit complex nonlinearity under multi-frequency excitations.Multiple solutions under multi-frequency excitation can be distinguished through the frequency–response and the detuning-phase curves.By adjusting the control gain and time delay,the resonance range,response amplitude,and phase of suspended cables can be modified.展开更多
In the industrial roller kiln,the time-delay characteristic in heat transfer causes the temperature field to be affected by both the current and historical temperature states.It presents a poor control performance and...In the industrial roller kiln,the time-delay characteristic in heat transfer causes the temperature field to be affected by both the current and historical temperature states.It presents a poor control performance and brings a significant challenge to the process precise control.Considering high complexity of precise modeling,a data-driven time-delay optimal control method for temperature field of roller kiln is proposed based on a large amount of process data.First,the control challenges and problem description brought by time-delay are demonstrated,where the cost function for the time-delay partial differential equation system is constructed.To obtain the optimal control law,the policy iteration in adaptive dynamic programming is adopted to design the time-delay temperature field controller,and neural network is used for the critic network in policy iteration to approximate the optimal time-delay cost function.The closed-loop system stability is proved by designing the Lyapunov function which contains the time-delay information.Finally,through establishing the time-delay temperature field model for roller kiln,the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed method is verified and proved.展开更多
To ensure the safety of power energy transmission channel and mitigate the harm caused by galloping of iced transmission lines,the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is adopted to suppress the galloping.The p...To ensure the safety of power energy transmission channel and mitigate the harm caused by galloping of iced transmission lines,the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is adopted to suppress the galloping.The par-tial differential equation of galloping with axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is established based on the variational principle for Hamiltonian.Then,the partial differential equation of galloping is transformed into or-dinary differential equation based on normalization and the Galerkin method.The primary amplitude-frequency response equation,the first-order steady-state approximate solution,and the harmonic amplitude-frequency re-sponse equation are derived by the multiscale method.The impact of different parameters such as time-delay value,control coefficient,and amplitude of external excitation on the galloping response are analyzed.The am-plitude under the primary resonance exhibits periodicity as time-delay value varies.The amplitude diminishes with increased control coefficient and increases with external excitation.Comprehensive consideration of vari-ous influences of parameters on vibration characteristics is crucial when employing the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy to suppress galloping.Therefore,to achieve the best vibration suppression effect,it is crucial to adjust the time-delay parameter for modifying the range and amplitude of the resonance zone.The conclusions obtained by this study are expected to advance the refinement of active control techniques for iced transmission lines,and may provide valuable insights for practical engineering applications.展开更多
This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems posses...This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems possess two important characteristics: (i) The uncertain nonlinear terms meet the linearly unmeasurable-states dependent growth with the growth rate being an unknown function of the input and output. (ii) There exist input matching uncertainty and unknown measurement sensitivity. By introducing a single dynamic gain and employing a cleverly devised event-triggering mechanism (ETM), we design a new gain-based event-triggered output-feedback controller, which globally regulates all states of the considered systems and maintains global boundedness of the closed-loop system. Furthermore, the estimation of input matching uncertainty achieves convergence towards its actual value, and Zeno behavior does not happen. Two simulation examples including a practical one show that the proposed approach is effective.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a significant global health concern and serves as a critical risk factor for cardiovascular diseases,stroke,and renal failure.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized for an extend...BACKGROUND Hypertension is a significant global health concern and serves as a critical risk factor for cardiovascular diseases,stroke,and renal failure.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized for an extended period to address hypertension,with the syndrome known as Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity syndrome(YDYHS)frequently observed in individuals with elevated blood pressure.This syndrome is characterized by symptoms including dizziness,tinnitus,irritability,and insomnia,which are thought to result from an imbalance between Yin,representing the cooling and nourishing aspects,and Yang,denoting the active and warming aspects of the body.Despite the prevalent application of TCM in clinical settings,the metabolic mechanisms underlying the YDYHS in the context of hypertension remain inadequately elucidated.AIM To explore the differential plasma metabolites and associated pathways in hypertensive patients with YDYHS using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)to elucidate the distinctive blood metabolite pattern in this patient population.METHODS GC-MS was used to analyze plasma samples from 51 hypertensive patients with YDYHS and 20 healthy controls.Chemometric methods,including principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis,were employed to identify potential biochemical patterns.Simultaneously,the high-quality Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathways database was used to identify associated metabolic pathways.Using variable importance in projection and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses,potential biomarkers were extracted to assess their clinical utility.RESULTS Metabolomic profiling of hypertensive patients with YDYHS identified 20 potential biomarkers(4-hydroxybenzoic acid,pectin,1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene,D-ribose,3-hydroxybutyric acid,quinic acid,L-lysine,oleic acid,2-hydroxybutyric acid,linoleic acid,citric acid,alpha-tocopherol,D-glucuronic acid,glycerol,N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid,betamannosylglycerate,indolelactic acid,L-glutamic acid,D-maltose,L-aspartic acid)and four metabolic pathways(linoleic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism;D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism;arginine biosynthesis).The identified differential metabolites may serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing hypertensive patients with YDYHS from healthy controls.The area under the curve values ranged from 0.750 to 0.866.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that these differential metabolites can effectively classify hypertensive patients with YDYHS and healthy individuals.CONCLUSION The metabolomic analysis revealed a distinct blood metabolite pattern in hypertensive patients with YDYHS compared to the healthy control group,highlighting the potential role of the identified 20 biomarkers and four metabolic pathways in these patients.These findings may serve as an important material basis for understanding the occurrence and development of the disease,providing a scientific foundation for future clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Objective:This study explores the mechanism and clinical efficacy of combined external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine(such as moxibustion,acupoint application,etc.)in intervening renal Yang deficiency hyper...Objective:This study explores the mechanism and clinical efficacy of combined external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine(such as moxibustion,acupoint application,etc.)in intervening renal Yang deficiency hypertension through regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RASS).Methods:Sixty-one patients with renal Yang deficiency hypertension admitted to the hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into a Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine group(n=30)and a conventional Western medicine treatment group(n=31)based on a random number table method.The enrollment information,blood pressure changes,and differences in aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity during follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in gender,past history,pre-study medication,hypertension grading,aldosterone,angiotensin II,renin activity levels,and blood pressure between the two groups at baseline(P>0.05).Aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity levels were significantly reduced in both groups after treatment compared to pre-treatment levels.Moreover,the aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity levels in the Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those in the conventional Western medicine treatment group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine may regulate the RASS system through multiple targets,restoring renal Yang Qi transformation function and providing a new strategy for the integrated treatment of renal Yang deficiency hypertension with Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitution on cognitive impairment(CI)in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)and its underlying neuroimaging mechanism and to provide ...OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitution on cognitive impairment(CI)in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)and its underlying neuroimaging mechanism and to provide countermeasures for health management of CSVD patients.METHODS:A total of 241 CSVD patients were recruited from the Department of Neurology.All subjects underwent head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)and cognitive function examination.The CSVD patients were divided according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)score into a normal cognitive group(73 cases)and a CI group(168 cases).Logistic regression was used to analyse the risk constitution of CSVD-CI and to construct a risk prediction model.3DT1 MRI images and FreeSurfer 6.0 software(Athinoula A.Martinos,Boston,MA,USA)were used to further explore the involvement of hippocampal subregion volume in patients with at-risk constitution and its correlation with cognitive function.RESULTS:Logistic regression analysis showed that Yang-deficiency constitution(YADC)(P=0.020),older age(P=0.008)and hypertension(P=0.011)were risk factors for CSVD-CI but that balanced constitution(P=0.003)and education(P<0.001)were protective factors.A receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn,and the area under the curve was 0.820.Further comparison of overall hippocampal and 12 hippocampal subregion volumes between YADC and non-YADC patients revealed decreased total volume of the left and right hippocampus,bilateral subiculum,presubiculum,molecular layer and right fimbria in the YADC group(P<0.05/13,13 is the number of hypothesis tests).Moreover,in the YADC group,the cognitive function of CSVD patients correlated positively with the overall volume of the left hippocampus(r=0.304,P<0.05)and the molecular layer volume of the left hippocampus(r=0.288,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:CSVD patients with YADC are more prone towards developing CI,and asymmetric atrophy of the hippocampus might be the underlying neuroimaging mechanism.In particular,the volume of the left whole hippocampus and the left hippocampal molecular layer correlated significantly with general cognitive function.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To utilize the Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution(TCMC)as a complementary and alternative approach for early disease detection and treatment,with a focus on Yin and Yang deficiency constitutions,which...OBJECTIVE:To utilize the Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution(TCMC)as a complementary and alternative approach for early disease detection and treatment,with a focus on Yin and Yang deficiency constitutions,which serve as key references for disease prevention and management.METHODS:The dataset containing the data of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution was identified through the Gene Expression Omnibus database.This database was used for differential expression genes(DEGs)analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and the characteristic genes were then obtained in the dataset using a machine learning method.The hub genes of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution were obtained after analysis using the above three methods,and the hub genes were enriched and analyzed.Subsequently,the hub genes of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution were validated using external datasets.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was used on each hub genes of the two groups to further understand their diagnostic performance.The mi RNA–lnc RNA-gene network was used to further analyze the hub genes.Immunoinfiltration and gene set enrichment analysis were performed on the shared hub genes.RESULTS:The GSE87474 dataset was used for DEGs analysis and WGCNA.Using machine learning analyses,we identified 15 and 14 hub genes for Yin and Yang deficiency constitutions,respectively.The results of enrichment analyses showed that Yin deficiency constitution was associated with interleukin-17 signaling pathway,whereas Yang deficiency constitution was associated with glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis–keratan sulfate.The validation dataset GSE56116 showed statistically significant data for s-adenosylmethionine sensor upstream of MTORC1(SAMTOR,also named C7orf60),cofilin 2(CFL2),cytohesin 1 interacting protein(CYTIP),G protein-coupled receptor 183(GPR183),hippocampus abundant transcript 1(HIAT1),kelch like family member 15(KLHL15),mitogen-activated protein kinase 6(MAPK6),and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2)in Yin deficiency and fucosyltransferase 8(FUT8),TATA-box binding protein associated factor,RNA polymerase I subunit D(TAF1D),zinc finger protein 24(ZNF24),MAPK6,and leptin receptor overlapping transcript like 1(LEPROTL1)in Yang deficiency.The ROC results indicated that these genes have diagnostic value.MAPK6 is a shared hub gene for Yin and Yang deficiencies.CONCLUSIONS:This study identified C7orf60,CFL2,CYTIP,GPR183,HIAT1,KLHL15,MAPK6,and PTGS2 in Yin deficiency and FUT8,TAF1D,ZNF24,MAPK6,and LEPROTL1 in Yang deficiency as potential biomarkers,providing insights into their pathogenesis.This theory not only guides the diagnostic approach in TCM but also extends its influence to various scientific research fields.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is a lack of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment regimens supported by high-level evidence-based medicine in the maintenance therapy phase of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).Based on ...BACKGROUND There is a lack of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment regimens supported by high-level evidence-based medicine in the maintenance therapy phase of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory of“Yin tumor”,we believe that“Yang does not transform Yin,and it is blocked in the intestines”is the core pathogenesis of mCRC.Based on the basic treatment principle of“warming Yang and dredging intestines”,we developed the Quxie Capsule.Previous randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrated that the Quxie Capsule can significantly prolong the overall survival of patients with mCRC,but it remains to be verified whether the combination of the“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription with Western medicine standard regimen can prolong the efficacy and safety of the mCRC during the period of maintenance therapy.AIM To confirm and clinically validate that the combination of“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription with Western medicine standard regimen can prolong progression-free survival(PFS)during maintenance treatment of mCRC.The safety of“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription is also assessed.METHODS The study has a prospective,open-label,randomized,controlled study design.Patients have been recruited beginning November 2023 from Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The study period is from March 2024 to March 2026.After screening in outpatient clinics or wards,subjects who met the inclusion criteria are randomized into the treatment or control group in a 2:1 ratio.The treatment group receives the“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”formula combined with Western standard maintenance therapy.The control group receives Western standard maintenance therapy formulated by the investigators based on the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines for colorectal cancer.All participants receive treatment until the occurrence of disease progression,death,or unmanageable adverse effects,with post-treatment monitoring continued until mortality.An independent panel of chief physicians with extensive clinical experience evaluates the progression of the disease.RESULTS This study aims to clarify whether the combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula with standard Western medicine regimens can prolong PFS during maintenance therapy for mCRC and whether the treatment has a favorable safety profile.The goal is to provide a combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment option for clinical physicians and mCRC patients.Notably,with the actual sample size,this study has an 80%probability of detecting a significant difference if a true difference exists.Small sample sizes may lead to increased instability of the results of subgroup analyses,and may also result in findings that are only applicable to patients with characteristics highly similar to those of the present study population(e.g.,specific genotypes,therapeutic backgrounds,etc.),making it difficult to generalize to the broader mCRC population.In the future,it may be possible to expand the sample size based on this study to further validate the efficacy and safety of combining Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of mCRC.Basic research on the therapeutic combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula and standard Western regimen will be performed in parallel.CONCLUSION This study aims to clarify whether the combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula with standard Western medicine regimens can prolong PFS during maintenance therapy for mCRC and whether the treatment has a favorable safety profile.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor t...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor that acts as a promoter or suppressor of cancer progression.However,the role of YY1 in the inflammatory transformation associated with H.pylori-induced gastric cancer remains unclear.AIM To explore the expression of YY1 in gastric cancer and its impact on cancer progression with H.pylori infection.METHODS H.pylori bacteria were cocultured with GSE1 cells,AGS cells,and SGC7901 cells,as well as in infected and xenograft mouse models.Expression of YY1,members of the Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in gastric cancer was examined using Western blotting,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction,and immunohistochemistry.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test.The role of YY1 in gastric cancer cell proliferation was further evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays.RESULTS YY1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that high YY1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis.YY1 expression showed a gradually increasing trend in H.pyloriinduced gastritis and gastric tumors.In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that H.pylori infection promoted phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3,thereby activating the EMT pathway,in which YY1 played a key role.YY1 and JAK2 interaction was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation.YY1 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition reversed EMT and suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.CONCLUSION These results suggest that YY1 plays an important role in progression of H.pylori-induced gastric cancer by activating EMT.展开更多
Focusing on the rehabilitation training of hemiplegia patients,this paper proposes a gait-planning strategy based on a central pattern generator and an adaptive time-delay control scheme that utilizes recursive termin...Focusing on the rehabilitation training of hemiplegia patients,this paper proposes a gait-planning strategy based on a central pattern generator and an adaptive time-delay control scheme that utilizes recursive terminal sliding mode for lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots.The central pattern generator network plans a reference gait trajectory for the affected leg,synchronized with the movement of the healthy leg.The proposed adaptive time-delay control scheme possesses a model-independent property due to the mechanism of time-delay estimation,with adaptive control gains that enhance the resilience against system perturbations and a recursive terminal sliding mode control component to achieve a fast convergence rate.According to the Lyapunov stability criterion,it is proved that the gait trajectory-tracking error is uniformly ultimately bounded.Experiments are conducted on a lower limb exoskeleton experimental platform,and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategies.展开更多
The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected hepatocytes remains a major obstacle to effective antiviral treatment.Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating HBV c...The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected hepatocytes remains a major obstacle to effective antiviral treatment.Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating HBV cccDNA transcription is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.In this study,we investigated the role of RNA binding motif protein 25(RBM25)in HBV replication,focusing on its interaction with cccDNA and its regulation of host transcription factors.The results demonstrated that RBM25 knockdown markedly inhibited HBV replication,reducing levels of HBV DNA,hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),HBV RNA,and L-HBs in HBV-replicating and infected cell models.Consistent results were observed in a mouse model hydrodynamically injected with 1.2HBV plasmid.Conversely,RBM25 overexpression significantly enhanced HBV replication.Mechanistically,RBM25 promoted HBV promoter activities by binding to cccDNA through its RE/RD and PWI domains.This effect was mediated by increased Yin Yang 1(YY1)expression,which enhanced acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones,promoting HBV transcription.Furthermore,RBM25 expression was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus following core protein expression and accumulation,while overexpression of RBM25 promoted core protein degradation.In conclusion,this study demonstrates that RBM25 is a novel host factor that enhances HBV replication by upregulating YY1-dependent transcriptional activation of cccDNA.It also reveales a reciprocal regulatory mechanism between the HBV core protein and RBM25,which helps sustain HBV replication.展开更多
In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue...In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue integration, in some equations concerning various sectors of Chern-Simons theory and Yang-Mills gauge theory, precisely the two dimensional quantum Yang-Mills theory. In conclusion, in Section 3, we have described also the possible mathematical connections with some sectors of String Theory and Number Theory, principally with some equations concerning the Ramanujan’s modular equations that are related to the physical vibrations of the bosonic strings and of the superstrings, some Ramanujan’s identities concerning π and the zeta strings.展开更多
基金co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4704400)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24F030012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(No.62373033)。
文摘A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12432001)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant Nos.2023JJ60527,2023JJ30152,and 2023JJ30259)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha(KQ2202133).
文摘This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for detailed examination.Initially,utilizing Hamilton’s variational principle,a nonlinear vibration control model of suspended cables under multi-frequency excitations and longitudinal time-delayed velocity feedback is developed,and the Galerkin method is employed to obtain the discrete model.Subsequently,focusing solely on single-mode discretization,analytical solutions for the two simultaneous resonances are derived using the method of multiple scales.The frequency response equations are derived,and the stability analysis is presented for two simultaneous resonance cases.The results demonstrate that suspended cables exhibit complex nonlinearity under multi-frequency excitations.Multiple solutions under multi-frequency excitation can be distinguished through the frequency–response and the detuning-phase curves.By adjusting the control gain and time delay,the resonance range,response amplitude,and phase of suspended cables can be modified.
基金supported in part by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62033014)the Application Projects of Integrated Standardization and New Paradigm for Intelligent Manufacturing from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China in 2016the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(2021zzts0700).
文摘In the industrial roller kiln,the time-delay characteristic in heat transfer causes the temperature field to be affected by both the current and historical temperature states.It presents a poor control performance and brings a significant challenge to the process precise control.Considering high complexity of precise modeling,a data-driven time-delay optimal control method for temperature field of roller kiln is proposed based on a large amount of process data.First,the control challenges and problem description brought by time-delay are demonstrated,where the cost function for the time-delay partial differential equation system is constructed.To obtain the optimal control law,the policy iteration in adaptive dynamic programming is adopted to design the time-delay temperature field controller,and neural network is used for the critic network in policy iteration to approximate the optimal time-delay cost function.The closed-loop system stability is proved by designing the Lyapunov function which contains the time-delay information.Finally,through establishing the time-delay temperature field model for roller kiln,the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed method is verified and proved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51507106)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M702371)。
文摘To ensure the safety of power energy transmission channel and mitigate the harm caused by galloping of iced transmission lines,the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is adopted to suppress the galloping.The par-tial differential equation of galloping with axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy is established based on the variational principle for Hamiltonian.Then,the partial differential equation of galloping is transformed into or-dinary differential equation based on normalization and the Galerkin method.The primary amplitude-frequency response equation,the first-order steady-state approximate solution,and the harmonic amplitude-frequency re-sponse equation are derived by the multiscale method.The impact of different parameters such as time-delay value,control coefficient,and amplitude of external excitation on the galloping response are analyzed.The am-plitude under the primary resonance exhibits periodicity as time-delay value varies.The amplitude diminishes with increased control coefficient and increases with external excitation.Comprehensive consideration of vari-ous influences of parameters on vibration characteristics is crucial when employing the axial time-delay velocity feedback strategy to suppress galloping.Therefore,to achieve the best vibration suppression effect,it is crucial to adjust the time-delay parameter for modifying the range and amplitude of the resonance zone.The conclusions obtained by this study are expected to advance the refinement of active control techniques for iced transmission lines,and may provide valuable insights for practical engineering applications.
基金supported by the fund of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KM202210017001 and 22019821001)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(222300420253).
文摘This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems possess two important characteristics: (i) The uncertain nonlinear terms meet the linearly unmeasurable-states dependent growth with the growth rate being an unknown function of the input and output. (ii) There exist input matching uncertainty and unknown measurement sensitivity. By introducing a single dynamic gain and employing a cleverly devised event-triggering mechanism (ETM), we design a new gain-based event-triggered output-feedback controller, which globally regulates all states of the considered systems and maintains global boundedness of the closed-loop system. Furthermore, the estimation of input matching uncertainty achieves convergence towards its actual value, and Zeno behavior does not happen. Two simulation examples including a practical one show that the proposed approach is effective.
基金Supported by the Projects of Design and Statistics of Clinical Trials in Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.A YXC2022-01-0110Exploring the Mechanism by which Pingyang Yuyin Granules Improve Hypertensive Kidney Injury Based on the'Balance'Theory of PPARγ/HGF and TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathways,No.Y2022ZR09.
文摘BACKGROUND Hypertension is a significant global health concern and serves as a critical risk factor for cardiovascular diseases,stroke,and renal failure.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized for an extended period to address hypertension,with the syndrome known as Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity syndrome(YDYHS)frequently observed in individuals with elevated blood pressure.This syndrome is characterized by symptoms including dizziness,tinnitus,irritability,and insomnia,which are thought to result from an imbalance between Yin,representing the cooling and nourishing aspects,and Yang,denoting the active and warming aspects of the body.Despite the prevalent application of TCM in clinical settings,the metabolic mechanisms underlying the YDYHS in the context of hypertension remain inadequately elucidated.AIM To explore the differential plasma metabolites and associated pathways in hypertensive patients with YDYHS using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)to elucidate the distinctive blood metabolite pattern in this patient population.METHODS GC-MS was used to analyze plasma samples from 51 hypertensive patients with YDYHS and 20 healthy controls.Chemometric methods,including principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis,were employed to identify potential biochemical patterns.Simultaneously,the high-quality Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathways database was used to identify associated metabolic pathways.Using variable importance in projection and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses,potential biomarkers were extracted to assess their clinical utility.RESULTS Metabolomic profiling of hypertensive patients with YDYHS identified 20 potential biomarkers(4-hydroxybenzoic acid,pectin,1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene,D-ribose,3-hydroxybutyric acid,quinic acid,L-lysine,oleic acid,2-hydroxybutyric acid,linoleic acid,citric acid,alpha-tocopherol,D-glucuronic acid,glycerol,N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid,betamannosylglycerate,indolelactic acid,L-glutamic acid,D-maltose,L-aspartic acid)and four metabolic pathways(linoleic acid metabolism;alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism;D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism;arginine biosynthesis).The identified differential metabolites may serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing hypertensive patients with YDYHS from healthy controls.The area under the curve values ranged from 0.750 to 0.866.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that these differential metabolites can effectively classify hypertensive patients with YDYHS and healthy individuals.CONCLUSION The metabolomic analysis revealed a distinct blood metabolite pattern in hypertensive patients with YDYHS compared to the healthy control group,highlighting the potential role of the identified 20 biomarkers and four metabolic pathways in these patients.These findings may serve as an important material basis for understanding the occurrence and development of the disease,providing a scientific foundation for future clinical diagnosis.
文摘Objective:This study explores the mechanism and clinical efficacy of combined external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine(such as moxibustion,acupoint application,etc.)in intervening renal Yang deficiency hypertension through regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RASS).Methods:Sixty-one patients with renal Yang deficiency hypertension admitted to the hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into a Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine group(n=30)and a conventional Western medicine treatment group(n=31)based on a random number table method.The enrollment information,blood pressure changes,and differences in aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity during follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in gender,past history,pre-study medication,hypertension grading,aldosterone,angiotensin II,renin activity levels,and blood pressure between the two groups at baseline(P>0.05).Aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity levels were significantly reduced in both groups after treatment compared to pre-treatment levels.Moreover,the aldosterone,angiotensin II,and renin activity levels in the Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those in the conventional Western medicine treatment group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Western medicine combined with external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine may regulate the RASS system through multiple targets,restoring renal Yang Qi transformation function and providing a new strategy for the integrated treatment of renal Yang deficiency hypertension with Chinese and Western medicine.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:Role and Mechanism of Microglial Environmental Sensing Element P2RY13 in Ischemic Brain Injury (No.81920108017)Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province of China:Research on the Early Diagnosis, Treatment and Evaluation System and Early Warning Model of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease (No.BE2020620)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitution on cognitive impairment(CI)in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)and its underlying neuroimaging mechanism and to provide countermeasures for health management of CSVD patients.METHODS:A total of 241 CSVD patients were recruited from the Department of Neurology.All subjects underwent head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)and cognitive function examination.The CSVD patients were divided according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)score into a normal cognitive group(73 cases)and a CI group(168 cases).Logistic regression was used to analyse the risk constitution of CSVD-CI and to construct a risk prediction model.3DT1 MRI images and FreeSurfer 6.0 software(Athinoula A.Martinos,Boston,MA,USA)were used to further explore the involvement of hippocampal subregion volume in patients with at-risk constitution and its correlation with cognitive function.RESULTS:Logistic regression analysis showed that Yang-deficiency constitution(YADC)(P=0.020),older age(P=0.008)and hypertension(P=0.011)were risk factors for CSVD-CI but that balanced constitution(P=0.003)and education(P<0.001)were protective factors.A receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn,and the area under the curve was 0.820.Further comparison of overall hippocampal and 12 hippocampal subregion volumes between YADC and non-YADC patients revealed decreased total volume of the left and right hippocampus,bilateral subiculum,presubiculum,molecular layer and right fimbria in the YADC group(P<0.05/13,13 is the number of hypothesis tests).Moreover,in the YADC group,the cognitive function of CSVD patients correlated positively with the overall volume of the left hippocampus(r=0.304,P<0.05)and the molecular layer volume of the left hippocampus(r=0.288,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:CSVD patients with YADC are more prone towards developing CI,and asymmetric atrophy of the hippocampus might be the underlying neuroimaging mechanism.In particular,the volume of the left whole hippocampus and the left hippocampal molecular layer correlated significantly with general cognitive function.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:Establishment and Validation of a High-throughput Screening System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Dry Eye Disease based on transforming growth factor-βand B-cell lymphoma-2(No.81574031)2023 Hunan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project:Yiguanjian Decoction Regulates Th17/Treg Cell Balance and Its Intervention Mechanism in Dry Eye with Liver Yin Deficiency Syndrome(No.23A0300)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To utilize the Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution(TCMC)as a complementary and alternative approach for early disease detection and treatment,with a focus on Yin and Yang deficiency constitutions,which serve as key references for disease prevention and management.METHODS:The dataset containing the data of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution was identified through the Gene Expression Omnibus database.This database was used for differential expression genes(DEGs)analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and the characteristic genes were then obtained in the dataset using a machine learning method.The hub genes of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution were obtained after analysis using the above three methods,and the hub genes were enriched and analyzed.Subsequently,the hub genes of Yin and Yang deficiency constitution were validated using external datasets.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was used on each hub genes of the two groups to further understand their diagnostic performance.The mi RNA–lnc RNA-gene network was used to further analyze the hub genes.Immunoinfiltration and gene set enrichment analysis were performed on the shared hub genes.RESULTS:The GSE87474 dataset was used for DEGs analysis and WGCNA.Using machine learning analyses,we identified 15 and 14 hub genes for Yin and Yang deficiency constitutions,respectively.The results of enrichment analyses showed that Yin deficiency constitution was associated with interleukin-17 signaling pathway,whereas Yang deficiency constitution was associated with glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis–keratan sulfate.The validation dataset GSE56116 showed statistically significant data for s-adenosylmethionine sensor upstream of MTORC1(SAMTOR,also named C7orf60),cofilin 2(CFL2),cytohesin 1 interacting protein(CYTIP),G protein-coupled receptor 183(GPR183),hippocampus abundant transcript 1(HIAT1),kelch like family member 15(KLHL15),mitogen-activated protein kinase 6(MAPK6),and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2)in Yin deficiency and fucosyltransferase 8(FUT8),TATA-box binding protein associated factor,RNA polymerase I subunit D(TAF1D),zinc finger protein 24(ZNF24),MAPK6,and leptin receptor overlapping transcript like 1(LEPROTL1)in Yang deficiency.The ROC results indicated that these genes have diagnostic value.MAPK6 is a shared hub gene for Yin and Yang deficiencies.CONCLUSIONS:This study identified C7orf60,CFL2,CYTIP,GPR183,HIAT1,KLHL15,MAPK6,and PTGS2 in Yin deficiency and FUT8,TAF1D,ZNF24,MAPK6,and LEPROTL1 in Yang deficiency as potential biomarkers,providing insights into their pathogenesis.This theory not only guides the diagnostic approach in TCM but also extends its influence to various scientific research fields.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82174461Capacity Enhancement Program of Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.XYZX0201-22Science and Technology Innovation Project of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.CI2021A01811.
文摘BACKGROUND There is a lack of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment regimens supported by high-level evidence-based medicine in the maintenance therapy phase of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory of“Yin tumor”,we believe that“Yang does not transform Yin,and it is blocked in the intestines”is the core pathogenesis of mCRC.Based on the basic treatment principle of“warming Yang and dredging intestines”,we developed the Quxie Capsule.Previous randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrated that the Quxie Capsule can significantly prolong the overall survival of patients with mCRC,but it remains to be verified whether the combination of the“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription with Western medicine standard regimen can prolong the efficacy and safety of the mCRC during the period of maintenance therapy.AIM To confirm and clinically validate that the combination of“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription with Western medicine standard regimen can prolong progression-free survival(PFS)during maintenance treatment of mCRC.The safety of“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”prescription is also assessed.METHODS The study has a prospective,open-label,randomized,controlled study design.Patients have been recruited beginning November 2023 from Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The study period is from March 2024 to March 2026.After screening in outpatient clinics or wards,subjects who met the inclusion criteria are randomized into the treatment or control group in a 2:1 ratio.The treatment group receives the“warming Yang and dredging intestines method”formula combined with Western standard maintenance therapy.The control group receives Western standard maintenance therapy formulated by the investigators based on the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines for colorectal cancer.All participants receive treatment until the occurrence of disease progression,death,or unmanageable adverse effects,with post-treatment monitoring continued until mortality.An independent panel of chief physicians with extensive clinical experience evaluates the progression of the disease.RESULTS This study aims to clarify whether the combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula with standard Western medicine regimens can prolong PFS during maintenance therapy for mCRC and whether the treatment has a favorable safety profile.The goal is to provide a combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment option for clinical physicians and mCRC patients.Notably,with the actual sample size,this study has an 80%probability of detecting a significant difference if a true difference exists.Small sample sizes may lead to increased instability of the results of subgroup analyses,and may also result in findings that are only applicable to patients with characteristics highly similar to those of the present study population(e.g.,specific genotypes,therapeutic backgrounds,etc.),making it difficult to generalize to the broader mCRC population.In the future,it may be possible to expand the sample size based on this study to further validate the efficacy and safety of combining Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of mCRC.Basic research on the therapeutic combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula and standard Western regimen will be performed in parallel.CONCLUSION This study aims to clarify whether the combination of warming Yang and dredging intestines method formula with standard Western medicine regimens can prolong PFS during maintenance therapy for mCRC and whether the treatment has a favorable safety profile.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82372646Research Fund of Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine,No.2023zhyx-C70 and No.2023zhyx-C80.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor that acts as a promoter or suppressor of cancer progression.However,the role of YY1 in the inflammatory transformation associated with H.pylori-induced gastric cancer remains unclear.AIM To explore the expression of YY1 in gastric cancer and its impact on cancer progression with H.pylori infection.METHODS H.pylori bacteria were cocultured with GSE1 cells,AGS cells,and SGC7901 cells,as well as in infected and xenograft mouse models.Expression of YY1,members of the Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in gastric cancer was examined using Western blotting,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction,and immunohistochemistry.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test.The role of YY1 in gastric cancer cell proliferation was further evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays.RESULTS YY1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that high YY1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis.YY1 expression showed a gradually increasing trend in H.pyloriinduced gastritis and gastric tumors.In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that H.pylori infection promoted phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3,thereby activating the EMT pathway,in which YY1 played a key role.YY1 and JAK2 interaction was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation.YY1 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition reversed EMT and suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.CONCLUSION These results suggest that YY1 plays an important role in progression of H.pylori-induced gastric cancer by activating EMT.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62473337,62003305)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2024C03040,2022C03029)the funding of Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang Province(2023R01006).
文摘Focusing on the rehabilitation training of hemiplegia patients,this paper proposes a gait-planning strategy based on a central pattern generator and an adaptive time-delay control scheme that utilizes recursive terminal sliding mode for lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots.The central pattern generator network plans a reference gait trajectory for the affected leg,synchronized with the movement of the healthy leg.The proposed adaptive time-delay control scheme possesses a model-independent property due to the mechanism of time-delay estimation,with adaptive control gains that enhance the resilience against system perturbations and a recursive terminal sliding mode control component to achieve a fast convergence rate.According to the Lyapunov stability criterion,it is proved that the gait trajectory-tracking error is uniformly ultimately bounded.Experiments are conducted on a lower limb exoskeleton experimental platform,and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategies.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1303600 and No.2023YFC2306800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82372235 and No.82272315)the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM202311032).
文摘The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected hepatocytes remains a major obstacle to effective antiviral treatment.Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating HBV cccDNA transcription is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.In this study,we investigated the role of RNA binding motif protein 25(RBM25)in HBV replication,focusing on its interaction with cccDNA and its regulation of host transcription factors.The results demonstrated that RBM25 knockdown markedly inhibited HBV replication,reducing levels of HBV DNA,hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),HBV RNA,and L-HBs in HBV-replicating and infected cell models.Consistent results were observed in a mouse model hydrodynamically injected with 1.2HBV plasmid.Conversely,RBM25 overexpression significantly enhanced HBV replication.Mechanistically,RBM25 promoted HBV promoter activities by binding to cccDNA through its RE/RD and PWI domains.This effect was mediated by increased Yin Yang 1(YY1)expression,which enhanced acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones,promoting HBV transcription.Furthermore,RBM25 expression was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus following core protein expression and accumulation,while overexpression of RBM25 promoted core protein degradation.In conclusion,this study demonstrates that RBM25 is a novel host factor that enhances HBV replication by upregulating YY1-dependent transcriptional activation of cccDNA.It also reveales a reciprocal regulatory mechanism between the HBV core protein and RBM25,which helps sustain HBV replication.
文摘In this paper, in Section 1, we have described some equations and theorems concerning the Lebesgue integral and the Lebesgue measure. In Section 2, we have described the possible mathematical applications, of Lebesgue integration, in some equations concerning various sectors of Chern-Simons theory and Yang-Mills gauge theory, precisely the two dimensional quantum Yang-Mills theory. In conclusion, in Section 3, we have described also the possible mathematical connections with some sectors of String Theory and Number Theory, principally with some equations concerning the Ramanujan’s modular equations that are related to the physical vibrations of the bosonic strings and of the superstrings, some Ramanujan’s identities concerning π and the zeta strings.
