Stroke-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow trigger neurovascular remodeling,as manifested by the blood-brain barrier dysfunction and subs equent neurovascular repair activities such as angiogenesis.This process...Stroke-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow trigger neurovascular remodeling,as manifested by the blood-brain barrier dysfunction and subs equent neurovascular repair activities such as angiogenesis.This process involves neurovascular communication that facilitates the transport of mediators among cerebrovascular endothelial cells,pericytes,glial cells,and neurons,thereby transmitting signals from donor to recipient cells to elicit a collaborative response.展开更多
The development of sustainable sludge management systems requires looking at them with a new vision in which the concepts of SD(Sustainable Development)must integrate those of CE(Circular Economy),both concepts subjec...The development of sustainable sludge management systems requires looking at them with a new vision in which the concepts of SD(Sustainable Development)must integrate those of CE(Circular Economy),both concepts subject to the principles of TD(Thermodynamics),thus allowing the adoption of actions that are all the more effective the more complete the evaluation of the social dimension has been.This involves a new“Way of thinking”which sees the sludge system as the“Locomotive”of the entire wastewater/sludge treatment train and is developed through“Ways of acting”which includes both“Technical”actions to maximize recoveries of useful materials and/or or energy,and“Socio/Institutional”actions to overcome barriers linked to local cultures and traditions,also considering that the specific local context heavily influences the choices capable of satisfying the concepts of CE.It follows the need of issuing realistic and applicable regulations and overcoming social barriers,such as lack of infrastructure and/or qualified personnel,to achieve an effective integration of the concepts of CE with the more general ones of sustainability.展开更多
Urban areas worldwide face escalating challenges in managing municipal solid waste (MSW) due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and changing consumption patterns. Inefficient waste management systems contribute...Urban areas worldwide face escalating challenges in managing municipal solid waste (MSW) due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and changing consumption patterns. Inefficient waste management systems contribute to environmental degradation, public health risks, and resource depletion, underscoring the need for innovative solutions. This review employing AI-driven sorting technologies in urban waste management as a transformative framework for sustainable MSW management, emphasizing waste reduction, resource recovery, and closed-loop systems. The paper synthesizes existing literature, case studies, and technological advancements to explore strategies for integrating CE principles into MSW management. Key areas of focus include the application of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics;advancements in waste-to-resource technologies;the development of scalable and adaptable CE models tailored to diverse urban contexts;and fostering collaboration among governments, private sectors, and communities. Findings highlight the potential of CE frameworks to minimize waste generation, enhance resource efficiency, and create resilient urban systems. However, significant barriers remain, including technological, financial, and policy challenges. The review concludes by identifying future research directions and actionable recommendations for stakeholders, aiming to advance the global transition toward sustainable urban waste management.展开更多
The fracture behavior of natural fracture in the geological reservoir subjected to filling property,affects the crack initiation and propagation under stress perturbation.Partial filling flaws were intermediate betwee...The fracture behavior of natural fracture in the geological reservoir subjected to filling property,affects the crack initiation and propagation under stress perturbation.Partial filling flaws were intermediate between open fractures and filled fractures,the fracture response may be worth exploring.In this work,the effect of the filling property of sandstone with partial filling flaws on the fracture behavior was systematically investigated based on three-point bending tests and the numerical approach of discrete element method(DEM).In the laboratory,semi-circular three-point bending tests were carried out with partial filling flaws of various filling strengths.Based on this,numerical simulations were used to further investigate the effect of the filling ratio and the inclination of the partial filling flaw on the mechanical and fracture responses,and the effect of the partial filling flaw under mixed-mode loading on the fracture mechanism was elucidated coupled with acoustic emission(AE)characteristics.The obtained results showed that the increase in filling strength and filling ratio of partial filling flaw led to an increase in peak strength,with a decreasing trend in peak strength with the inclination of partial filling flaw.In terms of crack propagation pattern,the increasing filling strength of the partial filling flaw induced the transformation of the fracture mechanism toward deflection,with a tortuosity path,while the filling ratio and inclination of partial filling flaw led to fracture mechanism change from deflection to penetration and attraction,accompanied with a larger AE event source in filler.Accordingly,the b-value based on the Gutenberg-Richter equation fluctuated between 5 and 4 at low filling ratio and inclination and remained around 5 at high filling ratio and inclination of partial filling flaw.Related results may provide an application prospective for reservoir stimulation using the natural fracture system.展开更多
To address the challenges of varied aircraft skin hole detection types and susceptibility to noise,this paper proposes a method based on the perspective of dual contour edge information fusion.The core method combines...To address the challenges of varied aircraft skin hole detection types and susceptibility to noise,this paper proposes a method based on the perspective of dual contour edge information fusion.The core method combines stereoscopic vision and structured light dual contour information consistently,focusing on extracting edge point information around the hole edge to achieve precise detection of circular holes.In this approach,a line multi-directional gradient feature detector (LMGFD) is introduced for locating the holes from plane stereoscopic image.Furthermore,we establish a three-dimensional (3D) circular hole detection method (BPCircle) based on the dual contour edge information fusion.Finally,experiments demonstrate that our proposed method achieves superior accuracy and robustness based on public benchmark dataset and our own collected standard IPCDS dataset (including two-dimensional (2D)images,3D point clouds,and measured data of three-coordinate measuring machine).The dataset and code can be found from https://github.com/Nicholsdqw/123.展开更多
Bending is a crucial deformation process in metal sheet forming.In this study,the microstructural evolution of a highly ductile Mg–Er–Zr alloy sheet was examined in various bending regions under different bending st...Bending is a crucial deformation process in metal sheet forming.In this study,the microstructural evolution of a highly ductile Mg–Er–Zr alloy sheet was examined in various bending regions under different bending strains using electron backscatter diffraction and optical microscopy.The results show that the Mg–Er–Zr extruded sheet has excellent bending properties,with a failure bending strain of 39.3%,bending yield strength,and ultimate bending strength of 75.1 MPa and 250.5 MPa,respectively.The exceptional bending properties of the Mg–Er–Zr extruded sheets are primarily due to their fine grain size and the formation of rare-earth(RE)textures resulting from Er addition.Specifically,the in-grain misorientation axes(IGMA)and the twinning behaviors in various regions of the specimen during bending were thoroughly analyzed.Due to the polarity of the tensile twins and their low activation stress,a significant number of tensile twins are activated in the compression zone to regulate plastic deformation.The addition of Er weakens the basal texture of the sheet and reduces the critical resolved shear stress difference between non-basal slip and basal slip.Consequently,in the tensile zone,the basal and non-basal slips co-operate to coordinate the plastic deformation,effectively impeding crack initiation and propagation,and thereby enhancing the bending toughness of the Mg–Er–Zr sheet.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Circulating biomarkers for sepsis are lacking,and research on circular RNAs(circR NAs)as potential biomarkers of pneumonia-induced sepsis is limited.This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognos...BACKGROUND:Circulating biomarkers for sepsis are lacking,and research on circular RNAs(circR NAs)as potential biomarkers of pneumonia-induced sepsis is limited.This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circRNAs in patients with pneumonia-induced sepsis.METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 40 healthy individuals,60 patients with pneumonia,and 80 patients with pneumonia-induced sepsis.CircRNAs identified through RNA-sequencing were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the associations between circRNAs,inflammatory markers,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)scores,and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)scores.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis were used to assess the diagnostic performance of circRNAs,while ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to evaluate their prognostic value of 28-day mortality.RESULTS:qRT-PCR confirmed the significant upregulation of Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and downregulation of Circ-0075723 and Circ-0008679 in sepsis patients.Spearman correlation analysis showed that Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 was positively correlated with inflammatory markers and severity scores,whereas Circ-0075723 and Circ-0008679 were negatively correlated with these parameters.The area under the curve(AUC)values for Circ-CTD-2281E23.2,Circ-0075723,and Circ-0008679 in diagnosing pneumonia-induced sepsis were 0.728,0.706,and 0.793,respectively.The combination of these circRNAs(AUC=0.846)and the combination with other clinical indicators(AUC=0.990)demostrated enhanced AUC values.The AUC values for Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and Circ-0075723 in predicting 28-day mortality were 0.664 and 0.765,respectively.CONCLUSION:This study suggest the additional diagnostic and prognostic value of circRNAs in pneumonia-induced sepsis.Circ-CTD-2281E23.2,Circ-0075723,and Circ-0008679 exhibit diagnostic potential,with Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and Circ-0075723 showing positive prognostic value for 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.展开更多
Active matter exhibits collective motions at various scales.Geometric confinement has been identified as an effective way to control and manipulate active fluids,with much attention given to external factors.However,t...Active matter exhibits collective motions at various scales.Geometric confinement has been identified as an effective way to control and manipulate active fluids,with much attention given to external factors.However,the impact of the inherent properties of active particles on collective motion under confined conditions remains elusive.Here,we use a highly tunable active nematics model to study active systems under confinement,focusing on the effect of the self-driven speed of active particles.We identify three distinct states characterized by unique particle and flow fields within confined active nematic systems,among which circular rotation emerges as a collective motion involving rotational movement in both particle and flow fields.The theoretical phase diagram shows that increasing the self-driven speed of active particles significantly enhances the region of the circular rotation state and improves its stability.Our results provide insights into the formation of high quality vortices in confined active nematic systems.展开更多
Layered rock formations are frequently encountered during the excavation of underground structures. The stability of such structures is influenced not only by the stress concentration caused by the cavities in the str...Layered rock formations are frequently encountered during the excavation of underground structures. The stability of such structures is influenced not only by the stress concentration caused by the cavities in the strata but also by the anisotropy of the layered rock mass. The interaction between them can lead to critical structural failure, such as rupture, collapse, or significant deformation within the adjacent rock mass, thereby jeopardizing operational safety. However, the coupling law and mechanism between the stress concentration resulting from the cavities and the anisotropy of a layered rock mass remain unclear. In this study, a uniaxial compression test was performed on shale specimens containing a circular hole to investigate the effects of layer inclination and circular holes on the mechanical properties, elastic energy storage, and failure behaviors of these specimens. The failure mechanism of the rock surrounding the hole was analyzed on the basis of the single plane of weakness theory and the Kirsch solution. The test results indicated pronounced anisotropy in the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and elastic strain energy of the specimens, with distinct “V”, “M” and “U”-shaped patterns correlated with varying layer inclination angles. In addition, the combined effect of stress concentration and layer inclination resulted in different failure types, which were classified into four groups according to their failure behavior. Theoretical analysis revealed that failure around circular holes in layered rock is affected by a range of variables, such as layer inclination, layer strength, lateral pressure coefficient, azimuth, and loading stress.展开更多
Sustainable alternatives have grown more prevalent due to an urgent need to address climate change,environmental degradation,and the depletion of non-renewable resources.As an inexhaustible and renewable resource,biom...Sustainable alternatives have grown more prevalent due to an urgent need to address climate change,environmental degradation,and the depletion of non-renewable resources.As an inexhaustible and renewable resource,biomass has become an attractive option for energy production within the framework of a circular economy that emphasizes resource efficiency and environmental sustainability.Various kinds and sources of biomass,from forestry waste and agricultural residue to animal dung and microalgae,are fully explored in this mini review,along with their potential for biofuel production in both developed and developing countries.The processes for thermochemical and biochemical conversion,the sustainability of using biomass,and the socioeconomic advantages,especially for African countries,are highlighted.Key case studies demonstrating the value and potential of biomass waste in promoting sustainable energy transitions worldwide are also discussed in this review.Despite its potential,the use of biomass is restricted due to challenges including low conversion efficiency,high transportation costs,seasonal variability,and insufficient advancements in technology.Nonetheless,biomass offers an innovative approach for developing an environmentally friendly,efficient,and low-carbon economy that promotes sustainable development and energy security.Holistic approaches,such as increased regional cooperation,capacity building,technical innovation,and policy reform,must be implemented to address existing challenges.展开更多
Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a distinct type of nonlinear and noncoding RNAs endogenously expressed by pre-mRNA back-splicing and crucial in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation.CircRNAs can regulate cellu...Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a distinct type of nonlinear and noncoding RNAs endogenously expressed by pre-mRNA back-splicing and crucial in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation.CircRNAs can regulate cellular and molecular pathways through various mechanisms,such as microRNA sponging.Numerous studies have indicated the regulatory roles of circRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells(SCs)isolated from different sources.Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal SCs(MSCs)have received considerable attention in artificial bone engineering,in which SCs are used to manufacture functional bone tissues to repair bone defects.Recently,studies have reported the regulatory roles of circRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived MSCs,such as apical papillae,dental pulp,and dental follicle SCs.This review aimed to discuss the findings of studies evaluating the contribution of circRNAs to the osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived MSCs.展开更多
Owing to eccentricity and inclination, circularity of a cylindrical workpiece cannot be measured precisely by a circularity measuring machine when the workpiece has a small dimension(diameter ≤ 3 mm). In this paper, ...Owing to eccentricity and inclination, circularity of a cylindrical workpiece cannot be measured precisely by a circularity measuring machine when the workpiece has a small dimension(diameter ≤ 3 mm). In this paper, with the aim of solving this problem, circularity metrology of a small cylindrical workpiece using a segmenting scanning method is analyzed. The cross-sectional circle of the cylinder is segmented into several equivalent arcs for measurement by a two-dimensional coordinate measuring machine(profilometer). The circularity contour is obtained by stitching together arc contours obtained by data processing of the coordinates. Different segmenting patterns for coordinate scanning are considered. Measurement results are presented for three segmentation patterns, with 8, 10, and 12 equal segments, respectively.These results are evaluated in terms of the matching coefficient between neighboring arc contours on circumferential stitching, the Euclidean distance between neighboring arc contours on radial stitching, and the curvature of the arcs. From these evaluations, it is found that as the number of segments is increased, the matching coefficient increases from 0.14 to 0.50, the Euclidean distance decreases from 32 nm to 26 nm,and the curvature becomes close to the standard value.展开更多
With the increasing complexity of hotel selection,traditional decision-making models often struggle to account for uncertainty and interrelated criteria.Multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)techniques,particularly thos...With the increasing complexity of hotel selection,traditional decision-making models often struggle to account for uncertainty and interrelated criteria.Multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)techniques,particularly those based on fuzzy logic,provide a robust framework for handling such challenges.This paper presents a novel approach to MCDM within the framework of Circular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets(C-IFS)by combining three distinct methodologies:Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment(WASPAS),an Alternative Ranking Order Method Accounting for Two-Step Normalization(AROMAN),and the CRITIC method(Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation).To address the dynamic nature of traveler preferences in hotel selection,the study employs a comprehensive set of criteria encompassing aspects such as location proximity,amenities,pricing,customer reviews,environmental impact,safety,booking flexibility,and cultural experiences.The CRITIC method is used to determine the importance of each criterion by assessing intercriteria correlations.AROMAN is employed for the systematic evaluation of alternatives,considering their additive relationships and providing a weighted assessment.WASPAS further analyzes the results obtained from AROMAN,incorporating both positive and negative aspects for a comprehensive evaluation.The integration of C-IFS enhances the model’s ability to manage uncertainty and imprecision in the decision-making process.Through a case study,we demonstrate the effectiveness of this integrated approach,offering decision-makers valuable insights for selecting the most suitable hotel option in alignment with the diverse preferences of contemporary travelers.This research contributes to the evolving field of decision science by showcasing the practical applicability of these methodologies within a C-IFS framework for complex decision scenarios.展开更多
Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are formed by splicing of precursor RNAs and covalently linked at the 5′and 3′ends.Dysregulated circRNAs are closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of gastrointestinal ma...Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are formed by splicing of precursor RNAs and covalently linked at the 5′and 3′ends.Dysregulated circRNAs are closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of gastrointestinal malignancies.CircRNAs,including circRNA_0008717,circGOT1,circ-DOCK5,circVPS33B,circPVT1,circMET,circ-OXCT1,circ_67835,circRTN4,circ_0087502,circFNDC38,circ_PTEN1,circPGPEP1,and circ-E-Cad are involved in the EMT process of gastrointestinal malignancies through a variety of mechanisms,such as regulating EMT-inducing transcription factors,signaling pathways,and tumor microenvironments.Gastrointestinal(GI)malignancies are common malignant tumors worldwide,and the heterogeneity and easy metastasis of gastrointestinal malignancies limit the effectiveness of medical treatments.Therefore,investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancies is essential for clinical treatment.This article summarizes the biological roles and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in EMT of gastrointestinal malignancies,providing a theoretical basis for applying EMT-related circRNAs in targeted therapy.展开更多
Linear mRNA vaccines are constrained by exonuclease susceptibility and instability,leading to compromised antigen expression.Circular RNA(circRNA) lacking canonical 5' and 3' untranslated regions demonstrates ...Linear mRNA vaccines are constrained by exonuclease susceptibility and instability,leading to compromised antigen expression.Circular RNA(circRNA) lacking canonical 5' and 3' untranslated regions demonstrates intrinsic exonuclease resistance.Current circularization strategies face three principal limitations:chemical methods produce non-native 2',5'-phosphodiester bonds;ribozyme-mediated approaches are restricted to RNA fragments shorter than 500 nucleotides;the Anabaena Group I intron system retains immunogenic exon sequences.In contrast,the self-splicing Group I intron ribozyme from Tetrahymena enables precisely controlled circularization through autonomous structural rearrangement,yielding exonfree constructs.Through optimized purification protocols,historical scalability challenges are systematically addressed.This Perspective establishes the mechanistic rationale and therapeutic superiority of this engineered RNA circularization platform.展开更多
Circulose,a global leader in recycled pulp production,hasreached a strategic partnership agreement with Tangshan SanyouChemical Fiber,a front-runner in the cellulose fiber industry.Thiscollaboration marks a significan...Circulose,a global leader in recycled pulp production,hasreached a strategic partnership agreement with Tangshan SanyouChemical Fiber,a front-runner in the cellulose fiber industry.Thiscollaboration marks a significant milestone in the commercializa-tion and scaling of CIRCULOSER,whle also propelling TangshanSanyou's brand toward greater international recognition.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mech...BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),which are formed from protein-coding genes,can sequester microRNAs or proteins,modulate transcription and interfere with splicing.Authoritative studies suggest that circRNAs may play an important role in myocardial I/R injury.AIM To explore the role and mechanism of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury.METHODS We constructed a myocardial I/R injury model using ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery,and evaluated the success of the validated model using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin-eosin staining.Then,left ventricular samples from different groups were selected for mRNA-sequence,and differential gene screening was performed on the obtained results.The differentially obtained mRNAs were divided into up-regulated and down-regulated according to their expression levels,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis were performed,respectively.Then,the obtained circRNA and microRNA(miRNA)were paired for analysis,and the binding sites of miRNA and mRNA were virtual screened.Finally,the obtained circRNA,miRNA and mRNA were constructed by ceRNA mutual most useful network.RESULTS We used an RNA sequencing array to investigate the expression signatures of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury using three samples from the I/R group and three samples from the sham group.A total of 142 upregulated and 121 downregulated circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed(fold change≥2,P<0.05).GO and KEGG functional analyses of these circRNAs were performed.GO analysis revealed that these circRNAs were involved mainly in cellular and intracellular processes.KEGG analysis demonstrated that 6 of the top 20 pathways were correlated with cell apoptosis.Furthermore,a circRNA-miRNA coexpression network and ceRNA network based on these genes were constructed,revealing that mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 might be key regulators of myocardial I/R injury.CONCLUSION This research provides new insights into the mechanism of myocardial I/R,which mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 are expected to be new therapeutic targets for myocardial I/R injury.展开更多
Waste management strategies employed by emerging economies worldwide are often insufficient to address the new-age sustainability challenges.Especially in chemicalintensive manufacturing industries,increasing levels o...Waste management strategies employed by emerging economies worldwide are often insufficient to address the new-age sustainability challenges.Especially in chemicalintensive manufacturing industries,increasing levels of waste production are a significant environmental threat.Adopting a circular supply chain(CSC)can be a viable solution to this problem since it incorporates the components of the circular economy into an organization's supply chain,bringing an engaging viewpoint to the supply chain sustainability field.Nevertheless,the adoption of CSC in chemical-intensive manufacturing industries faces various intricate challenges in emerging economies.This study,therefore,aims to explore and evaluate the challenges associated with adopting CSC in the chemical-intensive manufacturing industries,using the empirical case of an emerging economy,Bangladesh.After a thorough literature review and expert validation,26 challenges were analyzed using a probabilistic group decision-making approach,i.e.,the Bayesian best-worst method(BWM).The result showed that the most significant challenge is the chemical composition-related complexity(global weight=0.0801),followed by strong emphasis on the take-make-dispose policy(0.0705),and insufficient investment and financial resources(0.0697).On the contrary,the least important challenge is the resistance toward the transition from conventional supply chain to CSC(0.0078).The outcomes of this study are expected to enrich existing knowledge and comprehension of the challenges linked to implementing CSC practices in Bangladesh and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),such as SDG 3(good health and wellbeing),SDG 11(sustainable cities and communities),SDG 12(responsible consumption and production),SDG 13(climate action),and so on.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171344(to ZY),82471313(to CKT)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China,Nos.2023B1515120035,2024A1515012035(to CKT)The Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou Nos.2025A03J4169(to ZY)。
文摘Stroke-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow trigger neurovascular remodeling,as manifested by the blood-brain barrier dysfunction and subs equent neurovascular repair activities such as angiogenesis.This process involves neurovascular communication that facilitates the transport of mediators among cerebrovascular endothelial cells,pericytes,glial cells,and neurons,thereby transmitting signals from donor to recipient cells to elicit a collaborative response.
文摘The development of sustainable sludge management systems requires looking at them with a new vision in which the concepts of SD(Sustainable Development)must integrate those of CE(Circular Economy),both concepts subject to the principles of TD(Thermodynamics),thus allowing the adoption of actions that are all the more effective the more complete the evaluation of the social dimension has been.This involves a new“Way of thinking”which sees the sludge system as the“Locomotive”of the entire wastewater/sludge treatment train and is developed through“Ways of acting”which includes both“Technical”actions to maximize recoveries of useful materials and/or or energy,and“Socio/Institutional”actions to overcome barriers linked to local cultures and traditions,also considering that the specific local context heavily influences the choices capable of satisfying the concepts of CE.It follows the need of issuing realistic and applicable regulations and overcoming social barriers,such as lack of infrastructure and/or qualified personnel,to achieve an effective integration of the concepts of CE with the more general ones of sustainability.
文摘Urban areas worldwide face escalating challenges in managing municipal solid waste (MSW) due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and changing consumption patterns. Inefficient waste management systems contribute to environmental degradation, public health risks, and resource depletion, underscoring the need for innovative solutions. This review employing AI-driven sorting technologies in urban waste management as a transformative framework for sustainable MSW management, emphasizing waste reduction, resource recovery, and closed-loop systems. The paper synthesizes existing literature, case studies, and technological advancements to explore strategies for integrating CE principles into MSW management. Key areas of focus include the application of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics;advancements in waste-to-resource technologies;the development of scalable and adaptable CE models tailored to diverse urban contexts;and fostering collaboration among governments, private sectors, and communities. Findings highlight the potential of CE frameworks to minimize waste generation, enhance resource efficiency, and create resilient urban systems. However, significant barriers remain, including technological, financial, and policy challenges. The review concludes by identifying future research directions and actionable recommendations for stakeholders, aiming to advance the global transition toward sustainable urban waste management.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0128300).
文摘The fracture behavior of natural fracture in the geological reservoir subjected to filling property,affects the crack initiation and propagation under stress perturbation.Partial filling flaws were intermediate between open fractures and filled fractures,the fracture response may be worth exploring.In this work,the effect of the filling property of sandstone with partial filling flaws on the fracture behavior was systematically investigated based on three-point bending tests and the numerical approach of discrete element method(DEM).In the laboratory,semi-circular three-point bending tests were carried out with partial filling flaws of various filling strengths.Based on this,numerical simulations were used to further investigate the effect of the filling ratio and the inclination of the partial filling flaw on the mechanical and fracture responses,and the effect of the partial filling flaw under mixed-mode loading on the fracture mechanism was elucidated coupled with acoustic emission(AE)characteristics.The obtained results showed that the increase in filling strength and filling ratio of partial filling flaw led to an increase in peak strength,with a decreasing trend in peak strength with the inclination of partial filling flaw.In terms of crack propagation pattern,the increasing filling strength of the partial filling flaw induced the transformation of the fracture mechanism toward deflection,with a tortuosity path,while the filling ratio and inclination of partial filling flaw led to fracture mechanism change from deflection to penetration and attraction,accompanied with a larger AE event source in filler.Accordingly,the b-value based on the Gutenberg-Richter equation fluctuated between 5 and 4 at low filling ratio and inclination and remained around 5 at high filling ratio and inclination of partial filling flaw.Related results may provide an application prospective for reservoir stimulation using the natural fracture system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Youth (No.62303330)。
文摘To address the challenges of varied aircraft skin hole detection types and susceptibility to noise,this paper proposes a method based on the perspective of dual contour edge information fusion.The core method combines stereoscopic vision and structured light dual contour information consistently,focusing on extracting edge point information around the hole edge to achieve precise detection of circular holes.In this approach,a line multi-directional gradient feature detector (LMGFD) is introduced for locating the holes from plane stereoscopic image.Furthermore,we establish a three-dimensional (3D) circular hole detection method (BPCircle) based on the dual contour edge information fusion.Finally,experiments demonstrate that our proposed method achieves superior accuracy and robustness based on public benchmark dataset and our own collected standard IPCDS dataset (including two-dimensional (2D)images,3D point clouds,and measured data of three-coordinate measuring machine).The dataset and code can be found from https://github.com/Nicholsdqw/123.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071037).
文摘Bending is a crucial deformation process in metal sheet forming.In this study,the microstructural evolution of a highly ductile Mg–Er–Zr alloy sheet was examined in various bending regions under different bending strains using electron backscatter diffraction and optical microscopy.The results show that the Mg–Er–Zr extruded sheet has excellent bending properties,with a failure bending strain of 39.3%,bending yield strength,and ultimate bending strength of 75.1 MPa and 250.5 MPa,respectively.The exceptional bending properties of the Mg–Er–Zr extruded sheets are primarily due to their fine grain size and the formation of rare-earth(RE)textures resulting from Er addition.Specifically,the in-grain misorientation axes(IGMA)and the twinning behaviors in various regions of the specimen during bending were thoroughly analyzed.Due to the polarity of the tensile twins and their low activation stress,a significant number of tensile twins are activated in the compression zone to regulate plastic deformation.The addition of Er weakens the basal texture of the sheet and reduces the critical resolved shear stress difference between non-basal slip and basal slip.Consequently,in the tensile zone,the basal and non-basal slips co-operate to coordinate the plastic deformation,effectively impeding crack initiation and propagation,and thereby enhancing the bending toughness of the Mg–Er–Zr sheet.
基金supported by grants from the municipal Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Scientific Committee of China(22ZR1451000 to TL)the peak supporting clinical discipline of Shanghai Health Bureau(2023ZDFC0104 to TL)+3 种基金the key clinical discipline of Shanghai Pudong Health Bureau(PWZxk2022-17 to TL)the clinical peak discipline of Shanghai Pudong Heath Bureau(PWYgf2021-03)the top-notch innovative medical talents of Shanghai Pudong Health Bureau(2025PDWSYCBJ-03 to TL)the leading medical talent project of Shanghai Pudong Heath Bureau(PWR12020-07 to LS)。
文摘BACKGROUND:Circulating biomarkers for sepsis are lacking,and research on circular RNAs(circR NAs)as potential biomarkers of pneumonia-induced sepsis is limited.This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circRNAs in patients with pneumonia-induced sepsis.METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 40 healthy individuals,60 patients with pneumonia,and 80 patients with pneumonia-induced sepsis.CircRNAs identified through RNA-sequencing were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the associations between circRNAs,inflammatory markers,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)scores,and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)scores.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis were used to assess the diagnostic performance of circRNAs,while ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to evaluate their prognostic value of 28-day mortality.RESULTS:qRT-PCR confirmed the significant upregulation of Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and downregulation of Circ-0075723 and Circ-0008679 in sepsis patients.Spearman correlation analysis showed that Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 was positively correlated with inflammatory markers and severity scores,whereas Circ-0075723 and Circ-0008679 were negatively correlated with these parameters.The area under the curve(AUC)values for Circ-CTD-2281E23.2,Circ-0075723,and Circ-0008679 in diagnosing pneumonia-induced sepsis were 0.728,0.706,and 0.793,respectively.The combination of these circRNAs(AUC=0.846)and the combination with other clinical indicators(AUC=0.990)demostrated enhanced AUC values.The AUC values for Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and Circ-0075723 in predicting 28-day mortality were 0.664 and 0.765,respectively.CONCLUSION:This study suggest the additional diagnostic and prognostic value of circRNAs in pneumonia-induced sepsis.Circ-CTD-2281E23.2,Circ-0075723,and Circ-0008679 exhibit diagnostic potential,with Circ-CTD-2281E23.2 and Circ-0075723 showing positive prognostic value for 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2022YFA1405000Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology under Grant No.2024ZD0300101the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.12274212,12174184,12347102。
文摘Active matter exhibits collective motions at various scales.Geometric confinement has been identified as an effective way to control and manipulate active fluids,with much attention given to external factors.However,the impact of the inherent properties of active particles on collective motion under confined conditions remains elusive.Here,we use a highly tunable active nematics model to study active systems under confinement,focusing on the effect of the self-driven speed of active particles.We identify three distinct states characterized by unique particle and flow fields within confined active nematic systems,among which circular rotation emerges as a collective motion involving rotational movement in both particle and flow fields.The theoretical phase diagram shows that increasing the self-driven speed of active particles significantly enhances the region of the circular rotation state and improves its stability.Our results provide insights into the formation of high quality vortices in confined active nematic systems.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2244099)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023T0025)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074020).
文摘Layered rock formations are frequently encountered during the excavation of underground structures. The stability of such structures is influenced not only by the stress concentration caused by the cavities in the strata but also by the anisotropy of the layered rock mass. The interaction between them can lead to critical structural failure, such as rupture, collapse, or significant deformation within the adjacent rock mass, thereby jeopardizing operational safety. However, the coupling law and mechanism between the stress concentration resulting from the cavities and the anisotropy of a layered rock mass remain unclear. In this study, a uniaxial compression test was performed on shale specimens containing a circular hole to investigate the effects of layer inclination and circular holes on the mechanical properties, elastic energy storage, and failure behaviors of these specimens. The failure mechanism of the rock surrounding the hole was analyzed on the basis of the single plane of weakness theory and the Kirsch solution. The test results indicated pronounced anisotropy in the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and elastic strain energy of the specimens, with distinct “V”, “M” and “U”-shaped patterns correlated with varying layer inclination angles. In addition, the combined effect of stress concentration and layer inclination resulted in different failure types, which were classified into four groups according to their failure behavior. Theoretical analysis revealed that failure around circular holes in layered rock is affected by a range of variables, such as layer inclination, layer strength, lateral pressure coefficient, azimuth, and loading stress.
文摘Sustainable alternatives have grown more prevalent due to an urgent need to address climate change,environmental degradation,and the depletion of non-renewable resources.As an inexhaustible and renewable resource,biomass has become an attractive option for energy production within the framework of a circular economy that emphasizes resource efficiency and environmental sustainability.Various kinds and sources of biomass,from forestry waste and agricultural residue to animal dung and microalgae,are fully explored in this mini review,along with their potential for biofuel production in both developed and developing countries.The processes for thermochemical and biochemical conversion,the sustainability of using biomass,and the socioeconomic advantages,especially for African countries,are highlighted.Key case studies demonstrating the value and potential of biomass waste in promoting sustainable energy transitions worldwide are also discussed in this review.Despite its potential,the use of biomass is restricted due to challenges including low conversion efficiency,high transportation costs,seasonal variability,and insufficient advancements in technology.Nonetheless,biomass offers an innovative approach for developing an environmentally friendly,efficient,and low-carbon economy that promotes sustainable development and energy security.Holistic approaches,such as increased regional cooperation,capacity building,technical innovation,and policy reform,must be implemented to address existing challenges.
文摘Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a distinct type of nonlinear and noncoding RNAs endogenously expressed by pre-mRNA back-splicing and crucial in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation.CircRNAs can regulate cellular and molecular pathways through various mechanisms,such as microRNA sponging.Numerous studies have indicated the regulatory roles of circRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells(SCs)isolated from different sources.Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal SCs(MSCs)have received considerable attention in artificial bone engineering,in which SCs are used to manufacture functional bone tissues to repair bone defects.Recently,studies have reported the regulatory roles of circRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived MSCs,such as apical papillae,dental pulp,and dental follicle SCs.This review aimed to discuss the findings of studies evaluating the contribution of circRNAs to the osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived MSCs.
基金supported by the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(Grant No.JCKY2019427D002).
文摘Owing to eccentricity and inclination, circularity of a cylindrical workpiece cannot be measured precisely by a circularity measuring machine when the workpiece has a small dimension(diameter ≤ 3 mm). In this paper, with the aim of solving this problem, circularity metrology of a small cylindrical workpiece using a segmenting scanning method is analyzed. The cross-sectional circle of the cylinder is segmented into several equivalent arcs for measurement by a two-dimensional coordinate measuring machine(profilometer). The circularity contour is obtained by stitching together arc contours obtained by data processing of the coordinates. Different segmenting patterns for coordinate scanning are considered. Measurement results are presented for three segmentation patterns, with 8, 10, and 12 equal segments, respectively.These results are evaluated in terms of the matching coefficient between neighboring arc contours on circumferential stitching, the Euclidean distance between neighboring arc contours on radial stitching, and the curvature of the arcs. From these evaluations, it is found that as the number of segments is increased, the matching coefficient increases from 0.14 to 0.50, the Euclidean distance decreases from 32 nm to 26 nm,and the curvature becomes close to the standard value.
基金supported by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project Number(PNURSP2025R259)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia+1 种基金supported by the Researchers Supporting Project Number(UM-DSR-IG-2023-07)Almaarefa University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘With the increasing complexity of hotel selection,traditional decision-making models often struggle to account for uncertainty and interrelated criteria.Multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)techniques,particularly those based on fuzzy logic,provide a robust framework for handling such challenges.This paper presents a novel approach to MCDM within the framework of Circular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets(C-IFS)by combining three distinct methodologies:Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment(WASPAS),an Alternative Ranking Order Method Accounting for Two-Step Normalization(AROMAN),and the CRITIC method(Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation).To address the dynamic nature of traveler preferences in hotel selection,the study employs a comprehensive set of criteria encompassing aspects such as location proximity,amenities,pricing,customer reviews,environmental impact,safety,booking flexibility,and cultural experiences.The CRITIC method is used to determine the importance of each criterion by assessing intercriteria correlations.AROMAN is employed for the systematic evaluation of alternatives,considering their additive relationships and providing a weighted assessment.WASPAS further analyzes the results obtained from AROMAN,incorporating both positive and negative aspects for a comprehensive evaluation.The integration of C-IFS enhances the model’s ability to manage uncertainty and imprecision in the decision-making process.Through a case study,we demonstrate the effectiveness of this integrated approach,offering decision-makers valuable insights for selecting the most suitable hotel option in alignment with the diverse preferences of contemporary travelers.This research contributes to the evolving field of decision science by showcasing the practical applicability of these methodologies within a C-IFS framework for complex decision scenarios.
基金supported by grants from the Key Scientific and Technological Projects of Ningbo(No.2021Z133)Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program(No.2023020612)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81702367)the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2024KY319)the Youth Medical Backbone Talents Training Program of Ningbo.
文摘Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are formed by splicing of precursor RNAs and covalently linked at the 5′and 3′ends.Dysregulated circRNAs are closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of gastrointestinal malignancies.CircRNAs,including circRNA_0008717,circGOT1,circ-DOCK5,circVPS33B,circPVT1,circMET,circ-OXCT1,circ_67835,circRTN4,circ_0087502,circFNDC38,circ_PTEN1,circPGPEP1,and circ-E-Cad are involved in the EMT process of gastrointestinal malignancies through a variety of mechanisms,such as regulating EMT-inducing transcription factors,signaling pathways,and tumor microenvironments.Gastrointestinal(GI)malignancies are common malignant tumors worldwide,and the heterogeneity and easy metastasis of gastrointestinal malignancies limit the effectiveness of medical treatments.Therefore,investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancies is essential for clinical treatment.This article summarizes the biological roles and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in EMT of gastrointestinal malignancies,providing a theoretical basis for applying EMT-related circRNAs in targeted therapy.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFC2302400,2021YFA1201000,2023YFC2606004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022CX01013)。
文摘Linear mRNA vaccines are constrained by exonuclease susceptibility and instability,leading to compromised antigen expression.Circular RNA(circRNA) lacking canonical 5' and 3' untranslated regions demonstrates intrinsic exonuclease resistance.Current circularization strategies face three principal limitations:chemical methods produce non-native 2',5'-phosphodiester bonds;ribozyme-mediated approaches are restricted to RNA fragments shorter than 500 nucleotides;the Anabaena Group I intron system retains immunogenic exon sequences.In contrast,the self-splicing Group I intron ribozyme from Tetrahymena enables precisely controlled circularization through autonomous structural rearrangement,yielding exonfree constructs.Through optimized purification protocols,historical scalability challenges are systematically addressed.This Perspective establishes the mechanistic rationale and therapeutic superiority of this engineered RNA circularization platform.
文摘Circulose,a global leader in recycled pulp production,hasreached a strategic partnership agreement with Tangshan SanyouChemical Fiber,a front-runner in the cellulose fiber industry.Thiscollaboration marks a significant milestone in the commercializa-tion and scaling of CIRCULOSER,whle also propelling TangshanSanyou's brand toward greater international recognition.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LQ23H020004The Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang province,No.2024KY983Basic Medical Health Technology Project of Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.Y20210818 and No.Y20210140.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),which are formed from protein-coding genes,can sequester microRNAs or proteins,modulate transcription and interfere with splicing.Authoritative studies suggest that circRNAs may play an important role in myocardial I/R injury.AIM To explore the role and mechanism of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury.METHODS We constructed a myocardial I/R injury model using ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery,and evaluated the success of the validated model using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin-eosin staining.Then,left ventricular samples from different groups were selected for mRNA-sequence,and differential gene screening was performed on the obtained results.The differentially obtained mRNAs were divided into up-regulated and down-regulated according to their expression levels,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis were performed,respectively.Then,the obtained circRNA and microRNA(miRNA)were paired for analysis,and the binding sites of miRNA and mRNA were virtual screened.Finally,the obtained circRNA,miRNA and mRNA were constructed by ceRNA mutual most useful network.RESULTS We used an RNA sequencing array to investigate the expression signatures of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury using three samples from the I/R group and three samples from the sham group.A total of 142 upregulated and 121 downregulated circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed(fold change≥2,P<0.05).GO and KEGG functional analyses of these circRNAs were performed.GO analysis revealed that these circRNAs were involved mainly in cellular and intracellular processes.KEGG analysis demonstrated that 6 of the top 20 pathways were correlated with cell apoptosis.Furthermore,a circRNA-miRNA coexpression network and ceRNA network based on these genes were constructed,revealing that mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 might be key regulators of myocardial I/R injury.CONCLUSION This research provides new insights into the mechanism of myocardial I/R,which mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 are expected to be new therapeutic targets for myocardial I/R injury.
文摘Waste management strategies employed by emerging economies worldwide are often insufficient to address the new-age sustainability challenges.Especially in chemicalintensive manufacturing industries,increasing levels of waste production are a significant environmental threat.Adopting a circular supply chain(CSC)can be a viable solution to this problem since it incorporates the components of the circular economy into an organization's supply chain,bringing an engaging viewpoint to the supply chain sustainability field.Nevertheless,the adoption of CSC in chemical-intensive manufacturing industries faces various intricate challenges in emerging economies.This study,therefore,aims to explore and evaluate the challenges associated with adopting CSC in the chemical-intensive manufacturing industries,using the empirical case of an emerging economy,Bangladesh.After a thorough literature review and expert validation,26 challenges were analyzed using a probabilistic group decision-making approach,i.e.,the Bayesian best-worst method(BWM).The result showed that the most significant challenge is the chemical composition-related complexity(global weight=0.0801),followed by strong emphasis on the take-make-dispose policy(0.0705),and insufficient investment and financial resources(0.0697).On the contrary,the least important challenge is the resistance toward the transition from conventional supply chain to CSC(0.0078).The outcomes of this study are expected to enrich existing knowledge and comprehension of the challenges linked to implementing CSC practices in Bangladesh and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),such as SDG 3(good health and wellbeing),SDG 11(sustainable cities and communities),SDG 12(responsible consumption and production),SDG 13(climate action),and so on.
