The three-dimensional ordered macroporous CeO2：Yb,Er materials were prepared, and the influence of doping concentra- tion of Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions on upconversion property was investigated. Green and red upconversion e...The three-dimensional ordered macroporous CeO2：Yb,Er materials were prepared, and the influence of doping concentra- tion of Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions on upconversion property was investigated. Green and red upconversion emissions were observed under the excitation of 980 nm at room temperature. It was found that the ratio of red to green upconversion emission intensity increased with increasing of concentration of the Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions in the three-dimensional ordered macroporous CeO2：Yb,Er materials. When the concentration of Yb3＋ was 10 mol%, pure red upconversion emission was obtained. The varied mechanism of ratio of red to green upconversion emission intensity was discussed with the concentration of Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions.展开更多
Three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) La1?xKxNiO3 perovskite-type catalysts were successfully prepared by a colloidal crystal template method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission elec...Three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) La1?xKxNiO3 perovskite-type catalysts were successfully prepared by a colloidal crystal template method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray scattering elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction of H2. Further, their catalytic activity in soot combustion was determined by temperature-programmed oxidation reaction. K substitution into the LaNiO3 lattice led to remarkably improved catalytic activity of this catalyst in soot combustion. Amongst various catalysts, La0.95K0.05NiO3 exhibited the highest activity in soot combustion (with its T50 and CO2 S values being 338 °C and 98.2%, respectively), which is comparable to the catalytic activities of Pt-based catalysts under the condition of poor contact between the soot and the catalyst. K-substitution improves the valence state of Ni and increases the number of oxygen vacancies, thereby leading to increased density of surface-active oxygen species. The active oxygen species play a vital role in catalyzing the elimination of soot. The perovskite-type La1?xKxNiO3 nanocatalysts with 3DOM structure without noble metals have potential for practical applications in the catalytic combustion of diesel soot particles.展开更多
A series of three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3 DOM)W-TiO_(2)catalysts have been prepared through a facile colloidal crystal template method.The prepared materials characterized in detail exhibited enhanced cataly...A series of three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3 DOM)W-TiO_(2)catalysts have been prepared through a facile colloidal crystal template method.The prepared materials characterized in detail exhibited enhanced catalytic activity in aerobic oxidative desulfurization process.The experimental results indicated that the as-prepared materials possessed excellent 3 DOM structure,which is beneficial for the catalytic activity.The sample 3 DOM W-TiO_(2)-20 exhibited the highest activity in ODS process,and the sulfur removal can reach 98%in 6 h.Furthermore,the oxidative product was also analyzed in the reaction process.展开更多
A series of K-doped Mn0.5Ce0.5Oδ （K-MCO） catalysts with three-dimensionally ordered macroporous （3DOM） structure and different K loadings were successfully synthesized using simple methods. These catalysts exhibi...A series of K-doped Mn0.5Ce0.5Oδ （K-MCO） catalysts with three-dimensionally ordered macroporous （3DOM） structure and different K loadings were successfully synthesized using simple methods. These catalysts exhibited well-defined 3DOM nanostructure, which consisted of extensive interconnecting networks of spherical voids. The effects of the calcination temperature and calcination time on the morphological characteristics and crystalline forms of the catalysts were systematically studied. The catalysts showed high catalytic activity for the combustion of soot. 3DOM 20% K-MCO-4h catalyst, in particular, showed the highest catalytic activity of all of the catalysts studied （e.g., Ts0 = 331 ~C and Smco2 = 95.3%）. The occurrence of structural and synergistic effects among the K, Mn, and Ce atoms in the catalysts was favorable for enhancing their catalytic activity towards the combustion of diesel soot. Furthermore, the temperatures required for the complete combustion of the soot （〈400 ℃） were well within the exhaust temperature range （175-400 ℃）, which means that the accumulated soot can be removed under the conditions of the diesel exhaust gas. These catalysts could therefore be used in numerous practical applications because they are easy to synthesize, exhibit high catalytic activity, and can be made from low cost materials.展开更多
Three-dimensionally ordered（3DOM） macroporous phosphotungstic acid/SiO_2（HPW/SiO_2） materials were prepared by using colloidal crystal as templates and applied for oxidative desulfurization（ODS） of the model fue...Three-dimensionally ordered（3DOM） macroporous phosphotungstic acid/SiO_2（HPW/SiO_2） materials were prepared by using colloidal crystal as templates and applied for oxidative desulfurization（ODS） of the model fuel oil. The obtained HPW/SiO_2 materials were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, N_2 sorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that 3 DOM HPW/SiO_2 possessed hierarchical pore architectures which contained ordered macropores and disordered mesopores, with the Keggin type HPW embedded in the framework of pore structure. The removal rate of dibenzothiophene（DBT） could reach 100% under the optimum conditions, moreover. The performance was only slightly decreased for the regenerated catalyst after 7 cycles.展开更多
A novel type of glucose sensor was fabricated based on a glucose oxidase(GOD)-N,N-dimethtylformamide(DMF)-[BMIm][BF4] composites modified three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3DOM) gold film electrode.The immobilized...A novel type of glucose sensor was fabricated based on a glucose oxidase(GOD)-N,N-dimethtylformamide(DMF)-[BMIm][BF4] composites modified three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3DOM) gold film electrode.The immobilized GOD exhibits a pair of well-defined reversible peaks in 50 mM pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions(PBS),which could be attributed to the redox of flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD) in GOD.The research results show that ionic liquid([BMIm][BF4]),DMF and 3DOM gold film are crucial for GOD to exhibit a pair of stable and reversible peaks.It is believed that the large active area of 3DOM gold film can increase the amount of immobilized GOD.Simultaneously,the application of IL enhances the stability of GOD and facilitates the electron transfer between GOD and the electrode.The synergetic effect of DMF can help the GOD to maintain its bioactivity better.GOD immobilized on the electrode exhibits the favorable electrocatalytic property to glucose,and the prepared sensor has a linear range from 10 to 125 nM with a detection limit of 3.3 nM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3σ.The apparent Km(Michaelis-Menten constant) for the enzymatic reaction is 0.018 mM.展开更多
A versatile and effective method for incorporating functional groups on the pore wall of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene（3DOM CLPS） by hydrophilic spacer arm has been investigated.Th...A versatile and effective method for incorporating functional groups on the pore wall of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene（3DOM CLPS） by hydrophilic spacer arm has been investigated.The 3DOM CLPS with pore size 865 nm was prepared by sacrifice template method.The hydrophilic spacer arm（polyethylene glycol,molecular weight is 600） was grafted to the 3DOM CLPS via nucleophilic substitution reaction.The other side of active hydroxyl can be further converted into a lot of other functional groups.In this report,the chelating ligand 2-mercaptobenzothiazole（MBZ） group was introduced on the end of the PGE chain to evidence the versatile functionalization approach.The functionalized ordered macroporous materials were characterized by FT-IR,element analyzer,SEM.The results reveal that the pores were successfully bonded with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole groups via hydrophilic spacer arms and the original morphology of ordered macroporous materials were remained after functionalization.The MBZ group density is 0.052 mmol/m^2.The functionalized 3DOM CLPS are expected to application as heavy metal ions adsorbent.展开更多
A series of catalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)x‐CeO2/Al2O3‐supported Au nanoparticles(x=2,10,20,and40wt%)were successfully synthesized using a reduction‐deposition method.These c...A series of catalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)x‐CeO2/Al2O3‐supported Au nanoparticles(x=2,10,20,and40wt%)were successfully synthesized using a reduction‐deposition method.These catalysts were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller method,X‐ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy,and temperature‐programmed reduction by H2.Au nanoparticles of mean particle size5nm were well dispersed and supported on the inner walls of uniform macropores.The3DOM structure improved the contact efficiency between soot and the catalyst.An Al‐Ce‐O solid solution was formed in the multilayer support,i.e.,x‐CeO2/Al2O3,by the incorporation of Al3+ions into the CeO2lattice,which resulted in the creation of extrinsic oxygen vacancies.Strong interactions between the metal(Au)and the support(Ce)increased the amount of active oxygen species,and this promoted soot oxidation.The catalytic performance in soot combustion was evaluated using a temperature‐programmed oxidation technique.The presence of CeO2nanolayers in the3DOM Au/x‐CeO2/Al2O3catalysts clearly improved the catalytic activities in soot oxidation.Among the prepared catalysts,3DOM Au/20%CeO2/Al2O3showed high catalytic activity and stability in diesel soot oxidation.展开更多
The performance of catalysts used in after-treatment systems is the key factor for the removal of diesel soot,which is an important component of atmosphericfine particle emissions.Herein,three-dimensionally ordered ma...The performance of catalysts used in after-treatment systems is the key factor for the removal of diesel soot,which is an important component of atmosphericfine particle emissions.Herein,three-dimensionally ordered macroporous–mesoporous Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2)(3DOM-m Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2))and its supported MnO_(x)catalysts doped with different alkali/alkaline-earth metals(AMnO_(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)(A:Li,Na,K,Ru,Cs,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba))were prepared by mesoporous template(P123)-assisted colloidal crystal template(CCT)and incipient wetness impregnation methods,respectively.Physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts were performed using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,N_(2)adsorption–desorption,H_(2)temperature-programmed reduction,O_(2)temperature-programmed desorption,NO temperature-programmed oxidation,and Raman spectroscopy techniques;then,we evaluated their catalytic performances for the removal of diesel soot particles.The results show that the 3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)supports exhibited a well-defined 3DOM-m nanostructure,and AMnO_(x)nanoparticles with 10–50 nm were evenly dispersed on the inner walls of the uniform macropores.In addition,the as-prepared catalysts exhibited good catalytic performance for soot combustion.Among the prepared catalysts,CsMnO_(x)/3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)had the highest catalytic activity for soot combustion,with T10,T50,and T90(the temperatures corresponding to soot conversion rates of 10%,50%,and 90%)values of 285,355,and 393℃,respectively.The high catalytic activity of the CsMnO_(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)catalysts was attributed to their excellent low-temperature reducibility and homogeneous macroporous–mesoporous structure,as well as to the synergistic effects between Cs and Mn species and between CsMnO_(x)and the Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)support.展开更多
A series of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SnO2‐based catalysts modified by the cations Ce4+,Mn3+,and Cu2+have been prepared by using a colloidal crystal templating method and tested for soot combustio...A series of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SnO2‐based catalysts modified by the cations Ce4+,Mn3+,and Cu2+have been prepared by using a colloidal crystal templating method and tested for soot combustion under loose contact condition.XRD and STEM mapping results confirm that all the secondary metal cations have entered the lattice matrix of tetragonal rutile SnO2 to form non‐continuous solid solutions,thus impeding crystallization and improving the surface areas and pore volumes of the modified catalysts.In comparison with regular SnO2 nanoparticles,the 3DOM SnO2 displays evidently improved activity,testifying that the formation of the 3DOM structure can anchor the soot particulates in the macro‐pores,which ensures that the contact of the soot particles with the active sites on the 3DOM skeleton is more easily formed,thus benefiting the target reaction.With the incorporation of the secondary metal cations,the activity of the catalyst can be further improved due to the formation of more abundant mobile oxygen species.In summary,these effects are believed to be the major factors responsible for the activity of the catalyst.展开更多
The silica opal templates were prepared from three silica colloids of different diameters of 230 nm, 500 nm and 1.5 mm by a filtration route. The large-scale stable opal template membranes after sintering the deposite...The silica opal templates were prepared from three silica colloids of different diameters of 230 nm, 500 nm and 1.5 mm by a filtration route. The large-scale stable opal template membranes after sintering the deposited SiO2 opal template can be successfully obtained by optimizing the pH value and NaCl concentration in silica colloidal solutions. The three-dimensionally ordered macroporous（3DOM） polyimide membranes without crack were fabricated by reproducing the structure of silica opal template. We prepared the pore-filling composite proton exchange membranes by filling the 3DOM structure with proton conducting organosilane sol. The result indicates that the composite membranes exhibit higher water uptake than pure filling organosilane gel. The proton conductivity increased with the increasing of pore cell in composite membranes.展开更多
Three-dimensional（3D）ordered mesoporous MnO2 was prepared using KIT-6 mesoporous molecular sieves as a hard template.The material was used for catalytic oxidation of HCHO.The material has high surface areas and the ...Three-dimensional（3D）ordered mesoporous MnO2 was prepared using KIT-6 mesoporous molecular sieves as a hard template.The material was used for catalytic oxidation of HCHO.The material has high surface areas and the mesoporous characteristics of the template,with cubic symmetry（ia3d）.It consists of a β-MnO2 crystalline phase corresponding to pyrolusite,with a rutile structure.Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the 3D-MnO2 catalyst has a large number of exposed Mn4＋ ions on the（110）crystal plane surfaces,with a lattice spacing of 0.311 nm; this enhances oxidation of HCHO.Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O was achieved at 130 °C on 3D-MnO2; the same conversions on α-MnO2 and β-MnO2 nanorods were obtained at 140 and 180 °C,respectively,under the same conditions.The specific mesoporous structure,high specific surface area,and large number of surface Mn4＋ ions are responsible for the catalytic activity of 3D-MnO2 in HCHO oxidation.展开更多
Three-dimensional ordered macro/mesoporous carbon(3DOM/m-C)with high specific surface area was synthesized by colloid crystal template method with chemical activation by KOH and used as the adsorbent for removing mala...Three-dimensional ordered macro/mesoporous carbon(3DOM/m-C)with high specific surface area was synthesized by colloid crystal template method with chemical activation by KOH and used as the adsorbent for removing malachite green(MG)in aqueous solution.The microstructures of the adsorbents were characterized by FESEM,TEM and BET,and the effects of initial dye concentration,contact time,solution pH,and temperature on adsorption performance were investigated.The results show that the 3DOM/m-C exhibits extremely high adsorption capacity of 3541.1 mg/g within 2 h,which could be attributed to the novel ordered hierarchical structure with mesopores on three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon walls.And the adsorption behavior conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm.3DOM/m-C can be recycled after being desorbed by absolute ethanol,and still maintains a high capacity of 2762.06 mg/g after 5 cycles.展开更多
Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor(SIHC)is one of the most promising alternatives for large-scale energy storage due to its high energy and power densities,natural abundance,and low cost.However,overcoming the imbalance betw...Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor(SIHC)is one of the most promising alternatives for large-scale energy storage due to its high energy and power densities,natural abundance,and low cost.However,overcoming the imbalance between slow Na^(+)reaction kinetics of battery-type anodes and rapid ion adsorption/desorption of capacitive cathodes is a significant challenge.Here,we propose the high-rate-performance NiS_(2)@OMGC anode material composed of monodispersed NiS_(2) nanocrystals(8.8±1.7 nm in size)and N,S-co-doped graphenic carbon(GC).The NiS_(2)@OMGC material has a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)morphology,and numerous NiS_(2) nanocrystals are uniformly embedded in GC,forming a core-shell structure in the local area.Ultrafine NiS_(2) nanocrystals and their nano-microstructure demonstrate high pseudocapacitive Na-storage capability and thus excellent rate performance(355.7 mAh/g at 20.0 A/g).A SIHC device fabricated using NiS_(2)@OMGC and commercial activated carbon(AC)cathode exhibits ultrahigh energy densities(197.4 Wh/kg at 398.8 W/kg)and power densities(43.9 kW/kg at 41.3 Wh/kg),together with a long life span.This outcome exemplifies the rational architecture and composition design of this type of anode material.This strategy can be extended to the design and synthesis of a wide range of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage applications.展开更多
Ordered macroporous materials with rapid mass transport and enhanced active site accessibility are essential for achieving improved catalytic activity.In this study,boron phosphate crystals with a three-dimensionally ...Ordered macroporous materials with rapid mass transport and enhanced active site accessibility are essential for achieving improved catalytic activity.In this study,boron phosphate crystals with a three-dimensionally interconnected ordered macroporous structure and a robust framework were fabricated and used as stable and selective catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH)of propane.Due to the improved mass diffusion and higher number of exposed active sites in the ordered macroporous structure,the catalyst exhibited a remarkable olefin productivity of^16 golefin gcat^-1 h^-1,which is up to 2–100 times higher than that of ODH catalysts reported to date.The selectivity for olefins was 91.5%(propene:82.5%,ethene:9.0%)at 515℃,with a propane conversion of 14.3%.At the same time,the selectivity for the unwanted deep-oxidized CO2 product remained less than 1.0%.The tri-coordinated surface boron species were identified as the active catalytic sites for the ODH of propane.This study provides a route for preparing a new type of metal-free catalyst with stable structure against oxidation and remarkable catalytic activity,which may represent a potential candidate to promote the industrialization of the ODH process.展开更多
The highly ordered silver-coated colloidal crystals arrays and macroporous silver films were derived through an electrostatics-induced adsorption effect using polystyrene(PS) as templates. Carboxyl-modified PS microsp...The highly ordered silver-coated colloidal crystals arrays and macroporous silver films were derived through an electrostatics-induced adsorption effect using polystyrene(PS) as templates. Carboxyl-modified PS microspheres were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization using methacrylic acid(MAA) as the functional monomer. PS microspheres were self-assembled into close packing colloidal crystals of facecentered cubic arrays to the substrate with vertical deposition method. These colloidal crystals were modified using dopamine(DA) to form poly-dopamine(PDA) during its oxidative polymerization. Through electrostatic interaction, the silver nanoparticles were deposited and adsorbed onto the surfaces of colloidal crystals templates by exposing [Ag(NH_3)_2]^+solution to infrared irradiation. Removal of the polymeric template by etching with methylbenzene solvent resulted in 3D ordered macroporous silver films. The structural and properties of the ordered silver-coated arrays and macroporous silver films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS). The results indicate that the prepared silver-coated arrays and macroporous silver films possess the features of ordered multilayer arrangement, uniformity and repeatability as well as an ideal SERS effect.展开更多
Simultaneously enhancing the reaction kinetics,mass transport,and gas release during alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is critical to minimizing the reaction polarization resistance,but remains a big challenge....Simultaneously enhancing the reaction kinetics,mass transport,and gas release during alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is critical to minimizing the reaction polarization resistance,but remains a big challenge.Through rational design of a hierarchical multiheterogeneous three-dimensionally(3D)ordered macroporous Mo_(2)C-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon with ultrafine Ru nanoclusters anchored on its surface(OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru),we realize both electronic and morphologic engineering of the catalyst to maximize the electrocatalysis performance.The formed Ru-NC heterostructure shows regulative electronic states and optimized adsorption energy with the intermediate H*,and the Mo_(2)C-NC heterostructure accelerates the Volmer reaction due to the strong water dissociation ability as confirmed by theoretical calculations.Consequently,superior HER activity in alkaline solution with an extremely low overpotential of 15.5 mV at 10 mAcm^(−2)with the mass activity more than 17 times higher than that of the benchmark Pt/C,an ultrasmall Tafel slope of 22.7 mV dec−1,and excellent electrocatalytic durability were achieved,attributing to the enhanced mass transport and favorable gas release process endowed from the unique OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru structure.By oxidizing OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru into OMS MoO_(3)-RuO_(2)catalyst,it can also be applied as efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalyst,enabling the construction of a quasi-symmetric electrolyzer for overall water splitting.Such a device's performance surpassed the state-of-the-art Pt/C||RuO2 electrolyzer.This study provides instructive guidance for designing 3D-ordered macroporous multicomponent catalysts for efficient catalytic applications.展开更多
Nanocatalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)TiO2‐supported ultrafine Pd nanoparticles(Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR)were readily fabricated by gas bubbling‐assisted membrane reduction(GBMR)method...Nanocatalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)TiO2‐supported ultrafine Pd nanoparticles(Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR)were readily fabricated by gas bubbling‐assisted membrane reduction(GBMR)method.These catalysts had a well‐defined and highly ordered macroporous nanostructure with an average pore size of 280 nm.In addition,ultrafine hemispherical Pd nanoparticles(NPs)with a mean particle size of 1.1 nm were found to be well dispersed over the surface of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support and deposited on the inner walls of the material.The nanostructure of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support ensured efficient contact between soot particles and the catalyst.The large interface area between the ultrafine Pd NPs and the TiO2 also increased the density of sites for O2 activation as a result of the strong metal(Pd)‐support(TiO2)interaction(SMSI).A Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst with ultrafine Pd NPs(1.1 nm)exhibited higher catalytic activity during diesel soot combustion compared with that obtained from a specimen having relatively large Pd NPs(5.0 nm).The T10,T50 and T90 values obtained from the former were 295,370 and 415°C.Both the activity and nanostructure of the Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst were stable over five replicate soot oxidation trials.These results suggest that nanocatalysts having a 3DOM structure together with ultrafine Pd NPs can decrease the amount of Pd required,and that this approach has potential practical applications in the catalytic combustion of diesel soot particles.展开更多
Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a clean and cost-efficient alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation approach.Herein,a step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunction photocat-alyst is f...Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a clean and cost-efficient alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation approach.Herein,a step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunction photocat-alyst is fabricated by coupling TiO_(2)with three dimensionally ordered macroporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride(3DOM SCN/T)by electrostatic self-assembly.The optimized photocatalyst achieved a high photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production activity with a yield of 2128μmol h^(−1)g^(−1)without the addition of hole scavengers.The remarkable performance was attributed to the synergy between the 3DOM framework and the S-scheme heterojunction.The former enhances light harvesting and provides abundant active sites for surface reactions,while the latter promotes the spatial separation of photogenerated carriers and enhances the redox power.Finally,the mechanism of photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production over the 3DOM SCN/T S-scheme composite is proposed.This work provides novel insights into the development of effi-cient photocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2)production from water and O_(2).展开更多
This review summarizes recent progress of the ordered macroporous composites with the opals and inverse opal structure. Synthesis and performance of the composites are emphasized. Composition of the ordered composites...This review summarizes recent progress of the ordered macroporous composites with the opals and inverse opal structure. Synthesis and performance of the composites are emphasized. Composition of the ordered composites is tunable ranging within metal, metal alloy, metal oxide, polymer, carbon and hydrogel. The ordered structure gives brilliant color effects, which is useful for sensors and photonic crystals. The interconnected macroporous structure provides easiness for mass transportation and species culturing.展开更多
基金supported by the Reserve Talents Project of Yunnan Province(2013HB068)Applied Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province(2014FB127)
文摘The three-dimensional ordered macroporous CeO2：Yb,Er materials were prepared, and the influence of doping concentra- tion of Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions on upconversion property was investigated. Green and red upconversion emissions were observed under the excitation of 980 nm at room temperature. It was found that the ratio of red to green upconversion emission intensity increased with increasing of concentration of the Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions in the three-dimensional ordered macroporous CeO2：Yb,Er materials. When the concentration of Yb3＋ was 10 mol%, pure red upconversion emission was obtained. The varied mechanism of ratio of red to green upconversion emission intensity was discussed with the concentration of Yb3＋ or Er3＋ ions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673142)National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology(NELMS2017A05)+1 种基金PetroChina Innovation Foundation(2018D-5007-0505)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(242017QNXZ02,2462018BJC005)~~
文摘Three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) La1?xKxNiO3 perovskite-type catalysts were successfully prepared by a colloidal crystal template method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray scattering elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction of H2. Further, their catalytic activity in soot combustion was determined by temperature-programmed oxidation reaction. K substitution into the LaNiO3 lattice led to remarkably improved catalytic activity of this catalyst in soot combustion. Amongst various catalysts, La0.95K0.05NiO3 exhibited the highest activity in soot combustion (with its T50 and CO2 S values being 338 °C and 98.2%, respectively), which is comparable to the catalytic activities of Pt-based catalysts under the condition of poor contact between the soot and the catalyst. K-substitution improves the valence state of Ni and increases the number of oxygen vacancies, thereby leading to increased density of surface-active oxygen species. The active oxygen species play a vital role in catalyzing the elimination of soot. The perovskite-type La1?xKxNiO3 nanocatalysts with 3DOM structure without noble metals have potential for practical applications in the catalytic combustion of diesel soot particles.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21722604 and 21776116)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671365)+2 种基金Jiangsu Postdoctoral Research Funding Program(No.2021K343C)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20190243)the Society Development Fund of Zhenjiang City(SH2020020)。
文摘A series of three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3 DOM)W-TiO_(2)catalysts have been prepared through a facile colloidal crystal template method.The prepared materials characterized in detail exhibited enhanced catalytic activity in aerobic oxidative desulfurization process.The experimental results indicated that the as-prepared materials possessed excellent 3 DOM structure,which is beneficial for the catalytic activity.The sample 3 DOM W-TiO_(2)-20 exhibited the highest activity in ODS process,and the sulfur removal can reach 98%in 6 h.Furthermore,the oxidative product was also analyzed in the reaction process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21177160,21303263,21477164)Beijing Nova Program(Z141109001814072)+1 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of High Education of China(20130007120011)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum-Beijing(2462013YJRC13,2462013BJRC003)~~
文摘A series of K-doped Mn0.5Ce0.5Oδ （K-MCO） catalysts with three-dimensionally ordered macroporous （3DOM） structure and different K loadings were successfully synthesized using simple methods. These catalysts exhibited well-defined 3DOM nanostructure, which consisted of extensive interconnecting networks of spherical voids. The effects of the calcination temperature and calcination time on the morphological characteristics and crystalline forms of the catalysts were systematically studied. The catalysts showed high catalytic activity for the combustion of soot. 3DOM 20% K-MCO-4h catalyst, in particular, showed the highest catalytic activity of all of the catalysts studied （e.g., Ts0 = 331 ~C and Smco2 = 95.3%）. The occurrence of structural and synergistic effects among the K, Mn, and Ce atoms in the catalysts was favorable for enhancing their catalytic activity towards the combustion of diesel soot. Furthermore, the temperatures required for the complete combustion of the soot （〈400 ℃） were well within the exhaust temperature range （175-400 ℃）, which means that the accumulated soot can be removed under the conditions of the diesel exhaust gas. These catalysts could therefore be used in numerous practical applications because they are easy to synthesize, exhibit high catalytic activity, and can be made from low cost materials.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.21476177)
文摘Three-dimensionally ordered（3DOM） macroporous phosphotungstic acid/SiO_2（HPW/SiO_2） materials were prepared by using colloidal crystal as templates and applied for oxidative desulfurization（ODS） of the model fuel oil. The obtained HPW/SiO_2 materials were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, N_2 sorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that 3 DOM HPW/SiO_2 possessed hierarchical pore architectures which contained ordered macropores and disordered mesopores, with the Keggin type HPW embedded in the framework of pore structure. The removal rate of dibenzothiophene（DBT） could reach 100% under the optimum conditions, moreover. The performance was only slightly decreased for the regenerated catalyst after 7 cycles.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20635020)
文摘A novel type of glucose sensor was fabricated based on a glucose oxidase(GOD)-N,N-dimethtylformamide(DMF)-[BMIm][BF4] composites modified three-dimensional ordered macroporous(3DOM) gold film electrode.The immobilized GOD exhibits a pair of well-defined reversible peaks in 50 mM pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions(PBS),which could be attributed to the redox of flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD) in GOD.The research results show that ionic liquid([BMIm][BF4]),DMF and 3DOM gold film are crucial for GOD to exhibit a pair of stable and reversible peaks.It is believed that the large active area of 3DOM gold film can increase the amount of immobilized GOD.Simultaneously,the application of IL enhances the stability of GOD and facilitates the electron transfer between GOD and the electrode.The synergetic effect of DMF can help the GOD to maintain its bioactivity better.GOD immobilized on the electrode exhibits the favorable electrocatalytic property to glucose,and the prepared sensor has a linear range from 10 to 125 nM with a detection limit of 3.3 nM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3σ.The apparent Km(Michaelis-Menten constant) for the enzymatic reaction is 0.018 mM.
基金supported by National Natural Science Funds for Young Scholar(No.50903027)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2010000058)Education Department Science Research Plan of Hebei Province(No.2007307).
文摘A versatile and effective method for incorporating functional groups on the pore wall of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene（3DOM CLPS） by hydrophilic spacer arm has been investigated.The 3DOM CLPS with pore size 865 nm was prepared by sacrifice template method.The hydrophilic spacer arm（polyethylene glycol,molecular weight is 600） was grafted to the 3DOM CLPS via nucleophilic substitution reaction.The other side of active hydroxyl can be further converted into a lot of other functional groups.In this report,the chelating ligand 2-mercaptobenzothiazole（MBZ） group was introduced on the end of the PGE chain to evidence the versatile functionalization approach.The functionalized ordered macroporous materials were characterized by FT-IR,element analyzer,SEM.The results reveal that the pores were successfully bonded with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole groups via hydrophilic spacer arms and the original morphology of ordered macroporous materials were remained after functionalization.The MBZ group density is 0.052 mmol/m^2.The functionalized 3DOM CLPS are expected to application as heavy metal ions adsorbent.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,2015AA034603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21477146,21673142 and 21303263)+2 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(Z141109001814072)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20130007120011)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum-Beijing(YJRC-2013-13,2462013BJRC003)~~
文摘A series of catalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)x‐CeO2/Al2O3‐supported Au nanoparticles(x=2,10,20,and40wt%)were successfully synthesized using a reduction‐deposition method.These catalysts were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller method,X‐ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy,and temperature‐programmed reduction by H2.Au nanoparticles of mean particle size5nm were well dispersed and supported on the inner walls of uniform macropores.The3DOM structure improved the contact efficiency between soot and the catalyst.An Al‐Ce‐O solid solution was formed in the multilayer support,i.e.,x‐CeO2/Al2O3,by the incorporation of Al3+ions into the CeO2lattice,which resulted in the creation of extrinsic oxygen vacancies.Strong interactions between the metal(Au)and the support(Ce)increased the amount of active oxygen species,and this promoted soot oxidation.The catalytic performance in soot combustion was evaluated using a temperature‐programmed oxidation technique.The presence of CeO2nanolayers in the3DOM Au/x‐CeO2/Al2O3catalysts clearly improved the catalytic activities in soot oxidation.Among the prepared catalysts,3DOM Au/20%CeO2/Al2O3showed high catalytic activity and stability in diesel soot oxidation.
基金supported by Key Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(MOST)(No.2017YFE0131200)for collaboration between China and PolandNational Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.22072095,U1908204,21761162016)+3 种基金General Projects of Liaoning Province Natural Fund(No.2019-MS-284)National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology(No.NELMS2018A04)University level innovation team of Shenyang Normal University,Major Incubation Program of Shenyang Normal University(No.ZD201901)supported by the Research Grants Council(RGC)of Hong Kong through NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme(No.N_CUHK451/17)。
文摘The performance of catalysts used in after-treatment systems is the key factor for the removal of diesel soot,which is an important component of atmosphericfine particle emissions.Herein,three-dimensionally ordered macroporous–mesoporous Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2)(3DOM-m Ti_(x)Si+(1-x)O_(2))and its supported MnO_(x)catalysts doped with different alkali/alkaline-earth metals(AMnO_(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)(A:Li,Na,K,Ru,Cs,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba))were prepared by mesoporous template(P123)-assisted colloidal crystal template(CCT)and incipient wetness impregnation methods,respectively.Physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts were performed using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,N_(2)adsorption–desorption,H_(2)temperature-programmed reduction,O_(2)temperature-programmed desorption,NO temperature-programmed oxidation,and Raman spectroscopy techniques;then,we evaluated their catalytic performances for the removal of diesel soot particles.The results show that the 3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)supports exhibited a well-defined 3DOM-m nanostructure,and AMnO_(x)nanoparticles with 10–50 nm were evenly dispersed on the inner walls of the uniform macropores.In addition,the as-prepared catalysts exhibited good catalytic performance for soot combustion.Among the prepared catalysts,CsMnO_(x)/3DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)had the highest catalytic activity for soot combustion,with T10,T50,and T90(the temperatures corresponding to soot conversion rates of 10%,50%,and 90%)values of 285,355,and 393℃,respectively.The high catalytic activity of the CsMnO_(x)/3 DOM-m Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)catalysts was attributed to their excellent low-temperature reducibility and homogeneous macroporous–mesoporous structure,as well as to the synergistic effects between Cs and Mn species and between CsMnO_(x)and the Ti_(0.7)Si_(0.3)O_(2)support.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(21567016,21503106)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20171BAB213013)+3 种基金the Education Department Foundation of Jiangxi Province(KJLD14005)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0209302)the Innovation Fund Designated for Graduate Students of Jiangxi Province(YC2015-B017)the Innovation Fund Designated for Undergraduate Students of China(201701035)~~
文摘A series of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SnO2‐based catalysts modified by the cations Ce4+,Mn3+,and Cu2+have been prepared by using a colloidal crystal templating method and tested for soot combustion under loose contact condition.XRD and STEM mapping results confirm that all the secondary metal cations have entered the lattice matrix of tetragonal rutile SnO2 to form non‐continuous solid solutions,thus impeding crystallization and improving the surface areas and pore volumes of the modified catalysts.In comparison with regular SnO2 nanoparticles,the 3DOM SnO2 displays evidently improved activity,testifying that the formation of the 3DOM structure can anchor the soot particulates in the macro‐pores,which ensures that the contact of the soot particles with the active sites on the 3DOM skeleton is more easily formed,thus benefiting the target reaction.With the incorporation of the secondary metal cations,the activity of the catalyst can be further improved due to the formation of more abundant mobile oxygen species.In summary,these effects are believed to be the major factors responsible for the activity of the catalyst.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20704004, 21074019)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province, China(No.20101539)
文摘The silica opal templates were prepared from three silica colloids of different diameters of 230 nm, 500 nm and 1.5 mm by a filtration route. The large-scale stable opal template membranes after sintering the deposited SiO2 opal template can be successfully obtained by optimizing the pH value and NaCl concentration in silica colloidal solutions. The three-dimensionally ordered macroporous（3DOM） polyimide membranes without crack were fabricated by reproducing the structure of silica opal template. We prepared the pore-filling composite proton exchange membranes by filling the 3DOM structure with proton conducting organosilane sol. The result indicates that the composite membranes exhibit higher water uptake than pure filling organosilane gel. The proton conductivity increased with the increasing of pore cell in composite membranes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21325731,21221004 and 51478241)~~
文摘Three-dimensional（3D）ordered mesoporous MnO2 was prepared using KIT-6 mesoporous molecular sieves as a hard template.The material was used for catalytic oxidation of HCHO.The material has high surface areas and the mesoporous characteristics of the template,with cubic symmetry（ia3d）.It consists of a β-MnO2 crystalline phase corresponding to pyrolusite,with a rutile structure.Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the 3D-MnO2 catalyst has a large number of exposed Mn4＋ ions on the（110）crystal plane surfaces,with a lattice spacing of 0.311 nm; this enhances oxidation of HCHO.Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O was achieved at 130 °C on 3D-MnO2; the same conversions on α-MnO2 and β-MnO2 nanorods were obtained at 140 and 180 °C,respectively,under the same conditions.The specific mesoporous structure,high specific surface area,and large number of surface Mn4＋ ions are responsible for the catalytic activity of 3D-MnO2 in HCHO oxidation.
基金Projects(U1802254,51871201)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LY18E040003)supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China
文摘Three-dimensional ordered macro/mesoporous carbon(3DOM/m-C)with high specific surface area was synthesized by colloid crystal template method with chemical activation by KOH and used as the adsorbent for removing malachite green(MG)in aqueous solution.The microstructures of the adsorbents were characterized by FESEM,TEM and BET,and the effects of initial dye concentration,contact time,solution pH,and temperature on adsorption performance were investigated.The results show that the 3DOM/m-C exhibits extremely high adsorption capacity of 3541.1 mg/g within 2 h,which could be attributed to the novel ordered hierarchical structure with mesopores on three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon walls.And the adsorption behavior conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm.3DOM/m-C can be recycled after being desorbed by absolute ethanol,and still maintains a high capacity of 2762.06 mg/g after 5 cycles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.20JCQNJC01280)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21905201)+1 种基金the support of the scientifi c research project from China Three Gorges Corporation(No.202103406)supported by Tohoku University and JSPS KAKENHI(No.JP16J06828).
文摘Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor(SIHC)is one of the most promising alternatives for large-scale energy storage due to its high energy and power densities,natural abundance,and low cost.However,overcoming the imbalance between slow Na^(+)reaction kinetics of battery-type anodes and rapid ion adsorption/desorption of capacitive cathodes is a significant challenge.Here,we propose the high-rate-performance NiS_(2)@OMGC anode material composed of monodispersed NiS_(2) nanocrystals(8.8±1.7 nm in size)and N,S-co-doped graphenic carbon(GC).The NiS_(2)@OMGC material has a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)morphology,and numerous NiS_(2) nanocrystals are uniformly embedded in GC,forming a core-shell structure in the local area.Ultrafine NiS_(2) nanocrystals and their nano-microstructure demonstrate high pseudocapacitive Na-storage capability and thus excellent rate performance(355.7 mAh/g at 20.0 A/g).A SIHC device fabricated using NiS_(2)@OMGC and commercial activated carbon(AC)cathode exhibits ultrahigh energy densities(197.4 Wh/kg at 398.8 W/kg)and power densities(43.9 kW/kg at 41.3 Wh/kg),together with a long life span.This outcome exemplifies the rational architecture and composition design of this type of anode material.This strategy can be extended to the design and synthesis of a wide range of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage applications.
文摘Ordered macroporous materials with rapid mass transport and enhanced active site accessibility are essential for achieving improved catalytic activity.In this study,boron phosphate crystals with a three-dimensionally interconnected ordered macroporous structure and a robust framework were fabricated and used as stable and selective catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH)of propane.Due to the improved mass diffusion and higher number of exposed active sites in the ordered macroporous structure,the catalyst exhibited a remarkable olefin productivity of^16 golefin gcat^-1 h^-1,which is up to 2–100 times higher than that of ODH catalysts reported to date.The selectivity for olefins was 91.5%(propene:82.5%,ethene:9.0%)at 515℃,with a propane conversion of 14.3%.At the same time,the selectivity for the unwanted deep-oxidized CO2 product remained less than 1.0%.The tri-coordinated surface boron species were identified as the active catalytic sites for the ODH of propane.This study provides a route for preparing a new type of metal-free catalyst with stable structure against oxidation and remarkable catalytic activity,which may represent a potential candidate to promote the industrialization of the ODH process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50873085 and 21375116)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘The highly ordered silver-coated colloidal crystals arrays and macroporous silver films were derived through an electrostatics-induced adsorption effect using polystyrene(PS) as templates. Carboxyl-modified PS microspheres were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization using methacrylic acid(MAA) as the functional monomer. PS microspheres were self-assembled into close packing colloidal crystals of facecentered cubic arrays to the substrate with vertical deposition method. These colloidal crystals were modified using dopamine(DA) to form poly-dopamine(PDA) during its oxidative polymerization. Through electrostatic interaction, the silver nanoparticles were deposited and adsorbed onto the surfaces of colloidal crystals templates by exposing [Ag(NH_3)_2]^+solution to infrared irradiation. Removal of the polymeric template by etching with methylbenzene solvent resulted in 3D ordered macroporous silver films. The structural and properties of the ordered silver-coated arrays and macroporous silver films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS). The results indicate that the prepared silver-coated arrays and macroporous silver films possess the features of ordered multilayer arrangement, uniformity and repeatability as well as an ideal SERS effect.
基金University of Macao,Grant/Award Numbers:MYRG2018-00192-IAPME,MYRG2020-00187-IAPMEScience and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR,Grant/Award Numbers:0021/2019/AIR,0041/2019/A1,0046/2019/AFJ,0191/2017/A3UEA funding。
文摘Simultaneously enhancing the reaction kinetics,mass transport,and gas release during alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is critical to minimizing the reaction polarization resistance,but remains a big challenge.Through rational design of a hierarchical multiheterogeneous three-dimensionally(3D)ordered macroporous Mo_(2)C-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon with ultrafine Ru nanoclusters anchored on its surface(OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru),we realize both electronic and morphologic engineering of the catalyst to maximize the electrocatalysis performance.The formed Ru-NC heterostructure shows regulative electronic states and optimized adsorption energy with the intermediate H*,and the Mo_(2)C-NC heterostructure accelerates the Volmer reaction due to the strong water dissociation ability as confirmed by theoretical calculations.Consequently,superior HER activity in alkaline solution with an extremely low overpotential of 15.5 mV at 10 mAcm^(−2)with the mass activity more than 17 times higher than that of the benchmark Pt/C,an ultrasmall Tafel slope of 22.7 mV dec−1,and excellent electrocatalytic durability were achieved,attributing to the enhanced mass transport and favorable gas release process endowed from the unique OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru structure.By oxidizing OMS Mo_(2)C/NC-Ru into OMS MoO_(3)-RuO_(2)catalyst,it can also be applied as efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalyst,enabling the construction of a quasi-symmetric electrolyzer for overall water splitting.Such a device's performance surpassed the state-of-the-art Pt/C||RuO2 electrolyzer.This study provides instructive guidance for designing 3D-ordered macroporous multicomponent catalysts for efficient catalytic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673142,21477164)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,2015AA030903)~~
文摘Nanocatalysts consisting of three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)TiO2‐supported ultrafine Pd nanoparticles(Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR)were readily fabricated by gas bubbling‐assisted membrane reduction(GBMR)method.These catalysts had a well‐defined and highly ordered macroporous nanostructure with an average pore size of 280 nm.In addition,ultrafine hemispherical Pd nanoparticles(NPs)with a mean particle size of 1.1 nm were found to be well dispersed over the surface of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support and deposited on the inner walls of the material.The nanostructure of the 3DOM‐TiO2 support ensured efficient contact between soot particles and the catalyst.The large interface area between the ultrafine Pd NPs and the TiO2 also increased the density of sites for O2 activation as a result of the strong metal(Pd)‐support(TiO2)interaction(SMSI).A Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst with ultrafine Pd NPs(1.1 nm)exhibited higher catalytic activity during diesel soot combustion compared with that obtained from a specimen having relatively large Pd NPs(5.0 nm).The T10,T50 and T90 values obtained from the former were 295,370 and 415°C.Both the activity and nanostructure of the Pd/3DOM‐TiO2‐GBMR catalyst were stable over five replicate soot oxidation trials.These results suggest that nanocatalysts having a 3DOM structure together with ultrafine Pd NPs can decrease the amount of Pd required,and that this approach has potential practical applications in the catalytic combustion of diesel soot particles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22278324,51932007,22238009,U1905215,52073223,52073034,and 22208332)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2022CFA001)the Innovative Research Funds of SKLWUT(No.2022-CL-A1-01).
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a clean and cost-efficient alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation approach.Herein,a step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunction photocat-alyst is fabricated by coupling TiO_(2)with three dimensionally ordered macroporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride(3DOM SCN/T)by electrostatic self-assembly.The optimized photocatalyst achieved a high photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production activity with a yield of 2128μmol h^(−1)g^(−1)without the addition of hole scavengers.The remarkable performance was attributed to the synergy between the 3DOM framework and the S-scheme heterojunction.The former enhances light harvesting and provides abundant active sites for surface reactions,while the latter promotes the spatial separation of photogenerated carriers and enhances the redox power.Finally,the mechanism of photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production over the 3DOM SCN/T S-scheme composite is proposed.This work provides novel insights into the development of effi-cient photocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2)production from water and O_(2).
文摘This review summarizes recent progress of the ordered macroporous composites with the opals and inverse opal structure. Synthesis and performance of the composites are emphasized. Composition of the ordered composites is tunable ranging within metal, metal alloy, metal oxide, polymer, carbon and hydrogel. The ordered structure gives brilliant color effects, which is useful for sensors and photonic crystals. The interconnected macroporous structure provides easiness for mass transportation and species culturing.
