Correction to“Liu QQ,Li YD,Chen JX,Zhang LL,Guan RC,Zhao W,Meng LY.Prognostic value of preoperative fibrinogen,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,serum alpha-fetoprotein,and prealbumin for patients with primary liver can...Correction to“Liu QQ,Li YD,Chen JX,Zhang LL,Guan RC,Zhao W,Meng LY.Prognostic value of preoperative fibrinogen,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,serum alpha-fetoprotein,and prealbumin for patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transarterial chemoembolization.World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025;17(6):103198 PMID:40547171 DOI:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i6.103198”.The funding number listed in the"Supported by"section of this article needs to be corrected.展开更多
The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navi...The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navigational safety.Despite the availability of numerous SIC products in China,these datasets still lag behind mainstream international products in terms of data accuracy,spatiotemporal resolution,and time span.To enhance the accuracy of China's domestic SIC remote sensing data,this study used the SIC data derived from the passive microwave remote sensing dataset provided by the University of Bremen(BRM-SIC)as a reference to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of two additional SIC datasets:the dataset derived from the microwave radiation imager(MWRI)aboard the FY-3D satellite,provided by the National Satellite Meteorological Center(FY-SIC),and the dataset obtained through the DT-ASI algorithm from the microwave imager of the FY-3D satellite,provided by Ocean University of China(OUC-SIC).Based on the evaluation results,a TransUnet fusion correction model was developed.The performance of this model was then compared against Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),Random Forest(RF),and UNet correction models,through spatial and temporal analyses.Results indicate that,compared to FY-SIC data,the RMSE of the OUC-SIC data and the standard data is reduced by24.245%,while the R is increased by 12.516%.Overall,the accuracy of OUC-SIC data is superior to that of FY-SIC data.During the research period(2020–2022),the standard deviation(SD)and coefficient of variation(CV)of OUC-SIC were 3.877%and 10.582%,respectively,while those for FY-SIC were 7.836%and 7.982%,respectively.In the study area,compared with OUC-SIC data,FYSIC data exhibited a larger standard deviation of deviation and a smaller coefficient of variation of deviation across most sea areas.These results indicate that the OUC-SIC data exhibit better temporal and spatial stability,whereas the FY-SIC data show stronger relative dimensionless stability.Among the four correction models,all showed improvements over the original,unfused corrected data.The fusion corrections using the OLS,RF,UNet,and TransUnet models reduced RMSE by 5.563%,14.601%,42.927%,and48.316%,respectively.Correspondingly,R increased by 0.463%,1.176%,3.951%,and 4.342%,respectively.Among these models,TransUnet performed the best,effectively integrating the advantages of FY-SIC and OUC-SIC data and notably improving the overall accuracy and spatiotemporal stability of SIC data.展开更多
Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages ha...Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages have difficulties in predicting comprehensively Reynolds number effects on airfoils,matching and characteristics curves.This study proposes Re-correction models for loss,deviation angle and endwall blockage based on classical theories and cascade tests,and loss and deviation models show good agreement in test data of NACA65 and C4 cascades.Throughflow method considering Reynolds number effects is developed by integrating the correction models into a verified Streamline Curvature(SLC)tool.A three-stage axial compressor is investigated through SLC and CFD methods from design Reynolds number(Red=2106)to low Re=4104,and the numerical methods are validated with test data of characteristic curves and spanwise distributions at Red.With Re reduction,SLC method with correction models well predicts variation in overall performances compared with CFD calculations and Wassell's model.Streamwise and spanwise matching such as total pressure and loss distributions in SLC predictions are basically consistent with those in CFD results at near-stall points under design and low Reynolds numbers.SLC and CFD methods share similar detections of stall risks in the third stage(Stg3),and their analyses of diffusion processes deviate to some extent due to different predictions in separated endwall flow.The correction models can be adopted to consider Reynolds number effects in through-flow design and analysis of axial compressors.展开更多
The infrared channels of the FY-4B advanced geosynchronous radiation imagers(AGRI) play a crucial role in temperature and humidity analyses for mesoscale numerical weather prediction, particularly in enhancing the ini...The infrared channels of the FY-4B advanced geosynchronous radiation imagers(AGRI) play a crucial role in temperature and humidity analyses for mesoscale numerical weather prediction, particularly in enhancing the initial field quality and the forecasting accuracy of the model. This study assimilated FY-4B AGRI data into the CMA-MESO model and analyzed the bias characteristics and correction methods. Analysis of the AGRI data revealed a clear diurnal variation in the bias, which was positively correlated with the solar elevation angle. However, the diurnal variation in the bias lagged behind the solar elevation angle, likely owing to temperature changes and delayed instrument responses resulting from solar radiation. To address this issue, we propose a correction method that utilizes the solar elevation angle after an optimal time shift. Using the time-shifted solar elevation angle as a predictor effectively reduces the diurnal variation in bias and significantly improves the correction effect. This approach provides theoretical support for the assimilation of FY-4B AGRI data into mesoscale numerical weather predictions, thereby enhancing the reliability of the assimilation results.展开更多
Marine forecasting is critical for navigation safety and disaster prevention.However,traditional ocean numerical forecasting models are often limited by substantial errors and inadequate capture of temporal-spatial fe...Marine forecasting is critical for navigation safety and disaster prevention.However,traditional ocean numerical forecasting models are often limited by substantial errors and inadequate capture of temporal-spatial features.To address the limitations,the paper proposes a TimeXer-based numerical forecast correction model optimized by an exogenous-variable attention mechanism.The model treats target forecast values as internal variables,and incorporates historical temporal-spatial data and seven-day numerical forecast results from traditional models as external variables based on the embedding strategy of TimeXer.Using a self-attention structure,the model captures correlations between exogenous variables and target sequences,explores intrinsic multi-dimensional relationships,and subsequently corrects endogenous variables with the mined exogenous features.The model’s performance is evaluated using metrics including MSE(Mean Squared Error),MAE(Mean Absolute Error),RMSE(Root Mean Square Error),MAPE(Mean Absolute Percentage Error),MSPE(Mean Square Percentage Error),and computational time,with TimeXer and PatchTST models serving as benchmarks.Experiment results show that the proposed model achieves lower errors and higher correction accuracy for both one-day and seven-day forecasts.展开更多
In ultrasonic non-destructive testing of high-temperature industrial equipment,sound velocity drift induced by non-uniform temperature fields can severely compromise defect localization accuracy.Conventional approache...In ultrasonic non-destructive testing of high-temperature industrial equipment,sound velocity drift induced by non-uniform temperature fields can severely compromise defect localization accuracy.Conventional approaches that rely on room-temperature sound velocities introduce systematic errors,potentially leading to misjudgment of safety-critical components.Two primary challenges hinder current methods:first,it is difficult to monitor real-time changes in sound velocity distribution within a thermal gradient;second,traditional uniform-temperature correction models fail to capture the nonlinear dependence of material properties on temperature and their effect on ultrasonic velocity fields.Here,we propose a defect localization correction method based on multiphysics coupling.A two-dimensional coupled heat transfer–wave propagation model is established in COMSOL,and a one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer condition is used to design a numerical pulse–echo experiment in 1020 steel.Temperature-dependent material properties are incorporated,and the intrinsic relationship between sound velocity and temperature is derived,confirming consistency with classical theories.To account for gradient temperature fields,a micro-element integration algorithm discretizes the propagation path into segments,each associated with a locally computed temperature from the steady-state heat conduction solution.Defect positions are dynamically corrected through cumulative displacement along the propagation path.By integrating heat conduction and elastic wave propagation in a multiphysics framework,this method overcomes the limitations of uniform-temperature assumptions.The micro-element integration approach enables dynamic tracking of spatially varying sound velocities,offering a robust strategy to enhance ultrasonic testing accuracy in high-temperature industrial environments.展开更多
According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing ...According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing differential equations are derived by the Hamilton's variational principle,and then solved by the iterative Separation-of-Variable(i SOV)method,which are applicable to arbitrary combinations of homogeneous Boundary Conditions(BCs).However,only the simply-support,clamped and cantilever panels are considered in this work for the sake of clarity.With the closed-form eigensolutions,the flutter frequency,flutter mode and flutter boundary are presented,and the effect of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping on flutter frequencies is investigated.Besides,the relation between panel energy and the work of aerodynamic load is discussed.The numerical comparisons reveal the following.(A)The flutter eigenvalues obtained by the present method are accurate,validated by the Finite Element Method(FEM)and the Galerkin method.(B)When the span-chord ratio is larger than 3,simplifying a 3D panel to 2D(two-dimensional)panel is reasonable and the relative differences of the flutter points predicted by the two models are less than one percent.(C)The reciprocal relationship between the mechanical energy of the panel and the work done by aerodynamic load is verified by using the present flutter eigenvalues and modes,further indicating the high accuracy of the present solutions.(D)The coupling of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping prevents frequency coalescing.展开更多
Sensor noise is a critical factor that degrades the performance of image processing systems.In traditional computing systems,noise correction is implemented in the digital domain,resulting in redundant latency and pow...Sensor noise is a critical factor that degrades the performance of image processing systems.In traditional computing systems,noise correction is implemented in the digital domain,resulting in redundant latency and power consumption overhead in the analog-to-digital conversion.In this work,we propose an analog-domain image correction architecture based on a proposed small-scale UNet,which implements a compact noise correction network within a one-transistor-one-memristor(1T1R)array.The statistical non-idealities of the fabricated 1T1R array(e.g.,device variability)are rigorously incorporated into the network's training and inference simulations.This correction network architecture leverages memristors for conducting multiply-accumulate operations aimed at rectifying non-uniform noise,defective pixels(stuck-at-bright/dark),and exposure mismatch.Compared to systems without correction,the proposed architecture achieves up to 50.13%improvement in recognition accuracy while demonstrating robust tolerance to memristor device-level errors.The proposed system achieves a 2.13-fold latency reduction and three orders of magnitude higher energy efficiency compared to conventional architecture.This work establishes a new paradigm for advancing the development of low-power,low-latency,and high-precision image processing systems.展开更多
It has been shown that non-rotating black holes Recently study showed that thermal fluctuations would give in three or four dimensions possess a canonical entropy. rise to logarithmic corrections to Bekenstein Hawking...It has been shown that non-rotating black holes Recently study showed that thermal fluctuations would give in three or four dimensions possess a canonical entropy. rise to logarithmic corrections to Bekenstein Hawking entropy in area with a model-dependent uncertain coefficient. In this paper, the thermal fluctuations on Bekenstein-Hawking entropy in three-dimensional AdS black holes, Schwarzschild-de Sitter space and Kerr-de Sitter （KdS） spacetime with J = 0 will be considered based on a uniformly spaced area spectrum approach. Our conclusion shows that there is the same correction form in all cases we considered.展开更多
Quantum error correction technology is an important method to eliminate errors during the operation of quantum computers.In order to solve the problem of influence of errors on physical qubits,we propose an approximat...Quantum error correction technology is an important method to eliminate errors during the operation of quantum computers.In order to solve the problem of influence of errors on physical qubits,we propose an approximate error correction scheme that performs dimension mapping operations on surface codes.This error correction scheme utilizes the topological properties of error correction codes to map the surface code dimension to three dimensions.Compared to previous error correction schemes,the present three-dimensional surface code exhibits good scalability due to its higher redundancy and more efficient error correction capabilities.By reducing the number of ancilla qubits required for error correction,this approach achieves savings in measurement space and reduces resource consumption costs.In order to improve the decoding efficiency and solve the problem of the correlation between the surface code stabilizer and the 3D space after dimension mapping,we employ a reinforcement learning(RL)decoder based on deep Q-learning,which enables faster identification of the optimal syndrome and achieves better thresholds through conditional optimization.Compared to the minimum weight perfect matching decoding,the threshold of the RL trained model reaches 0.78%,which is 56%higher and enables large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation.展开更多
Three-dimensional Information Decoupling System Based on PSD were designed based on LabVIEW, in order to achieve precision, timeliness, reliability require-ments of the PSD used in the ATP system of Satellite Earth qu...Three-dimensional Information Decoupling System Based on PSD were designed based on LabVIEW, in order to achieve precision, timeliness, reliability require-ments of the PSD used in the ATP system of Satellite Earth quantum communication. Firstly, the laser light source was driven by a stepper motor to scan on the PSD photosensitive surface, and the voltage value was collected and calculated to get the spot position. Analyzing the cause of nonlinear, a mathematical model was built between the actual value and the measured value by using binary quadratic polynomial method, PSD nonlinear correction function would be got. Then, the object micro displacement and angle offset were measured by combining optical triangulation method, and the error of the measurement results was corrected. Experimental results showed that, after the correction, the measuring deviation could be significantly reduced, the PSD performance calibration requirements was achieved, the efficiency of the system was developed greatly by using LabVIEW.展开更多
This letter compares the clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of the scoliocorrector fatma-UI(SCFUI)with direct vertebral rotation(DVR)in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).SCFUI has shown promising r...This letter compares the clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of the scoliocorrector fatma-UI(SCFUI)with direct vertebral rotation(DVR)in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).SCFUI has shown promising results in threedimensional spinal correction,providing superior rotational alignment compared to DVR and achieving significant improvements in coronal and sagittal planes.Additionally,SCFUI’s advanced design reduces risks associated with AIS surgeries and enhances overall patient outcomes.Economic analysis reveals SCFUI as a cost-effective option,potentially lowering long-term healthcare costs by minimizing complications and revisions.Our findings suggest that SCFUI is a viable,innovative approach in AIS treatment,meeting clinical and economic demands in orthopedic care.展开更多
To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D lea...To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significan...Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significant gap in detailed and consistent data on 3D building space structures with global coverage due to the challenges inherent in the data collection and model calibration processes.In this study,we constructed a global urban structure(GUS-3D)dataset,including building volume,height,and footprint information,at a 500 m spatial resolution using extensive satellite observation products and numerous reference building samples.Our analysis indicated that the total volume of buildings worldwide in2015 exceeded 1×10^(12)m^(3).Over the 1985 to 2015 period,we observed a slight increase in the magnitude of 3D building volume growth(i.e.,it increased from 166.02 km3 during the 1985–2000 period to 175.08km3 during the 2000–2015 period),while the expansion magnitudes of the two-dimensional(2D)building footprint(22.51×10^(3) vs 13.29×10^(3)km^(2))and urban extent(157×10^(3) vs 133.8×10^(3)km^(2))notably decreased.This trend highlights the significant increase in intensive vertical utilization of urban land.Furthermore,we identified significant heterogeneity in building space provision and inequality across cities worldwide.This inequality is particularly pronounced in many populous Asian cities,which has been overlooked in previous studies on economic inequality.The GUS-3D dataset shows great potential to deepen our understanding of the urban environment and creates new horizons for numerous 3D urban studies.展开更多
Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination...Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.展开更多
Accurate seasonal precipitation forecasts,especially for extreme events,are crucial to preventing meteorological hazards and their potential impacts on national development,social activity,and security.However,the int...Accurate seasonal precipitation forecasts,especially for extreme events,are crucial to preventing meteorological hazards and their potential impacts on national development,social activity,and security.However,the intensity of summer precipitation is often largely underestimated in many current dynamic models.This study uses a deep learning method called Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks(CycleGAN)to improve the seasonal forecasts for June-JulyAugust precipitation in southeastern China by the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Climate Forecast System(NUIST-CFS 1.0).The results suggest that the CycleGAN-based model significantly improves the accuracy in predicting the spatiotemporal distribution of summer precipitation compared to the traditional quantile mapping(QM)method.Using the unpaired bias-correction model,we can also obtain advanced forecasts of the frequency,intensity,and duration of extreme precipitation events over the dynamic model predictions.This study expands the potential applications of deep learning models toward improving seasonal precipitation forecasts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are ne...BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.展开更多
Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronar...Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image classification.Image denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image denoising.Attenuation correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of classification.Finally,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is proposed.It merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more efficiently.Three scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract features.All three steps are compared with state-of-the-art methods.The proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of 39.7.The proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and F1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.展开更多
The Zenith Hydrostatic Delay(ZHD)is essential for high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)and Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI)data processing.Accurate estimation of ZHD relies on in situ atmosphe...The Zenith Hydrostatic Delay(ZHD)is essential for high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)and Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI)data processing.Accurate estimation of ZHD relies on in situ atmospheric pressure,which is primarily variable in the vertical direction.Current atmospheric pressure is either site-specific or has limited spatial coverage,necessitating vertical corrections for broader applicability.This study introduces a model that uses a Gaussian function for the vertical correction of atmospheric pressure when in situ meteorological observations are unavailable.Validation with the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis(ERA5)reveals an average Bias and RMS for the new model of 0.31 h Pa and 2.96 h Pa,respectively.This corresponds to improvements of 37.5%and 80.3%in terms of RMS compared to two commonly used models(T0and Tvmodels)that require in situ meteorological observations,respectively.Additional validation with radiosonde data shows an average Bias and RMS of 1.85 h Pa and 4.87 h Pa,corresponding to the improvement of 42.8%and 71.1%in RMS compared with T0and Tv models,respectively.These accuracies are sufficient for calculating ZHD to an accuracy of 1 mm by performing atmospheric pressure vertical correction.The new model can correct atmospheric pressure from meteorological stations or numerical weather forecasts to different heights of the troposphere.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evalu...BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evaluate accurately using conventional two-dimensional imaging criteria due to the tumor’s diffuse and multifocal growth pattern.Volumetric imaging,especially enhanced tumor volume(ETV),offers a more comprehensive assessment.Nonetheless,bias field inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)poses challenges,potentially skewing volumetric measurements and undermining prognostic evaluation.AIM To investigate whether MRI bias field correction enhances the accuracy of volumetric assessment of infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE,and to analyze how this improved measurement impacts prognostic prediction.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 105 patients with invasive liver cancer who underwent TACE treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to January 2024.The improved N4 bias field correction algorithm was applied to process MRI images,and the ETV before and after treatment was calculated.The ETV measurements before and after correction were compared,and their relationship with patient prognosis was analyzed.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate prognostic factors,with Martingale residual analysis determining the optimal cutoff value,followed by survival analysis.RESULTS Bias field correction significantly affected ETV measurements,with the corrected baseline ETV mean(505.235 cm^(3))being significantly lower than before correction(825.632 cm^(3),P<0.001).Cox analysis showed that the hazard ratio(HR)for corrected baseline ETV(HR=1.165,95%CI:1.069-1.268)was higher than before correction(HR=1.063,95%CI:1.031-1.095).Using 412 cm^(3) as the cutoff,the group with baseline ETV<415 cm^(3) had a longer median survival time compared to the≥415 cm^(3) group(18.523 months vs 8.926 months,P<0.001).The group with an ETV reduction rate≥41%had better prognosis than the<41%group(17.862 months vs 9.235 months,P=0.006).Multivariate analysis confirmed that ETV reduction rate(HR=0.412,P<0.001),Child-Pugh classification(HR=0.298,P<0.001),and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage(HR=0.578,P=0.045)were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Volume imaging based on MRI bias field correction can improve the accuracy of evaluating the efficacy of TACE treatment for invasive liver cancer.The corrected ETV and its reduction rate can serve as independent indicators for predicting patient prognosis,providing important reference for developing individualized treatment strategies.展开更多
基金Supported by Health Commission of Heilongjiang Province,No.20230404080031.
文摘Correction to“Liu QQ,Li YD,Chen JX,Zhang LL,Guan RC,Zhao W,Meng LY.Prognostic value of preoperative fibrinogen,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,serum alpha-fetoprotein,and prealbumin for patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transarterial chemoembolization.World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025;17(6):103198 PMID:40547171 DOI:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i6.103198”.The funding number listed in the"Supported by"section of this article needs to be corrected.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971339)the SDUST Research Fund(No.2019TDJH103)。
文摘The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navigational safety.Despite the availability of numerous SIC products in China,these datasets still lag behind mainstream international products in terms of data accuracy,spatiotemporal resolution,and time span.To enhance the accuracy of China's domestic SIC remote sensing data,this study used the SIC data derived from the passive microwave remote sensing dataset provided by the University of Bremen(BRM-SIC)as a reference to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of two additional SIC datasets:the dataset derived from the microwave radiation imager(MWRI)aboard the FY-3D satellite,provided by the National Satellite Meteorological Center(FY-SIC),and the dataset obtained through the DT-ASI algorithm from the microwave imager of the FY-3D satellite,provided by Ocean University of China(OUC-SIC).Based on the evaluation results,a TransUnet fusion correction model was developed.The performance of this model was then compared against Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),Random Forest(RF),and UNet correction models,through spatial and temporal analyses.Results indicate that,compared to FY-SIC data,the RMSE of the OUC-SIC data and the standard data is reduced by24.245%,while the R is increased by 12.516%.Overall,the accuracy of OUC-SIC data is superior to that of FY-SIC data.During the research period(2020–2022),the standard deviation(SD)and coefficient of variation(CV)of OUC-SIC were 3.877%and 10.582%,respectively,while those for FY-SIC were 7.836%and 7.982%,respectively.In the study area,compared with OUC-SIC data,FYSIC data exhibited a larger standard deviation of deviation and a smaller coefficient of variation of deviation across most sea areas.These results indicate that the OUC-SIC data exhibit better temporal and spatial stability,whereas the FY-SIC data show stronger relative dimensionless stability.Among the four correction models,all showed improvements over the original,unfused corrected data.The fusion corrections using the OLS,RF,UNet,and TransUnet models reduced RMSE by 5.563%,14.601%,42.927%,and48.316%,respectively.Correspondingly,R increased by 0.463%,1.176%,3.951%,and 4.342%,respectively.Among these models,TransUnet performed the best,effectively integrating the advantages of FY-SIC and OUC-SIC data and notably improving the overall accuracy and spatiotemporal stability of SIC data.
基金supported by the National Science and Tech-nology Major Project of China(Nos.2017-II-0007-0021 and J2019-II-0017-0038)。
文摘Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages have difficulties in predicting comprehensively Reynolds number effects on airfoils,matching and characteristics curves.This study proposes Re-correction models for loss,deviation angle and endwall blockage based on classical theories and cascade tests,and loss and deviation models show good agreement in test data of NACA65 and C4 cascades.Throughflow method considering Reynolds number effects is developed by integrating the correction models into a verified Streamline Curvature(SLC)tool.A three-stage axial compressor is investigated through SLC and CFD methods from design Reynolds number(Red=2106)to low Re=4104,and the numerical methods are validated with test data of characteristic curves and spanwise distributions at Red.With Re reduction,SLC method with correction models well predicts variation in overall performances compared with CFD calculations and Wassell's model.Streamwise and spanwise matching such as total pressure and loss distributions in SLC predictions are basically consistent with those in CFD results at near-stall points under design and low Reynolds numbers.SLC and CFD methods share similar detections of stall risks in the third stage(Stg3),and their analyses of diffusion processes deviate to some extent due to different predictions in separated endwall flow.The correction models can be adopted to consider Reynolds number effects in through-flow design and analysis of axial compressors.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3004004)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42075155,12241104)National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund (U2342213)。
文摘The infrared channels of the FY-4B advanced geosynchronous radiation imagers(AGRI) play a crucial role in temperature and humidity analyses for mesoscale numerical weather prediction, particularly in enhancing the initial field quality and the forecasting accuracy of the model. This study assimilated FY-4B AGRI data into the CMA-MESO model and analyzed the bias characteristics and correction methods. Analysis of the AGRI data revealed a clear diurnal variation in the bias, which was positively correlated with the solar elevation angle. However, the diurnal variation in the bias lagged behind the solar elevation angle, likely owing to temperature changes and delayed instrument responses resulting from solar radiation. To address this issue, we propose a correction method that utilizes the solar elevation angle after an optimal time shift. Using the time-shifted solar elevation angle as a predictor effectively reduces the diurnal variation in bias and significantly improves the correction effect. This approach provides theoretical support for the assimilation of FY-4B AGRI data into mesoscale numerical weather predictions, thereby enhancing the reliability of the assimilation results.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program Project(2023YFC3107804)Planning Fund Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(24YJA880097)the Graduate Education Reform Project in North China University of Technology(217051360025XN095-17)。
文摘Marine forecasting is critical for navigation safety and disaster prevention.However,traditional ocean numerical forecasting models are often limited by substantial errors and inadequate capture of temporal-spatial features.To address the limitations,the paper proposes a TimeXer-based numerical forecast correction model optimized by an exogenous-variable attention mechanism.The model treats target forecast values as internal variables,and incorporates historical temporal-spatial data and seven-day numerical forecast results from traditional models as external variables based on the embedding strategy of TimeXer.Using a self-attention structure,the model captures correlations between exogenous variables and target sequences,explores intrinsic multi-dimensional relationships,and subsequently corrects endogenous variables with the mined exogenous features.The model’s performance is evaluated using metrics including MSE(Mean Squared Error),MAE(Mean Absolute Error),RMSE(Root Mean Square Error),MAPE(Mean Absolute Percentage Error),MSPE(Mean Square Percentage Error),and computational time,with TimeXer and PatchTST models serving as benchmarks.Experiment results show that the proposed model achieves lower errors and higher correction accuracy for both one-day and seven-day forecasts.
基金supported by the following projects:National Natural Science Foundation of China[U24A20135]Science and Technology Program of the State Administration for Market Regulation[2024MK016]+9 种基金Basic Scientific Research Fund Project for Higher Education Institutions of Inner Mongolia(2024YXXS057)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia[2023ZD12]2023 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Program[2023YFHH0090]Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia[2022MS05006]Talent Development Fund of Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionFundamental Research Funds for Universities[2023RCTD012]Fundamental Research Funds for Universities[2023QNJS075]Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Postgraduate Research Innovation Project[KC2024053B]Fundamental Research Funds for Universities[2024YXXS012]Open Project of the National Key Laboratory of Special Vehicle Design and Manufacturing Integration Technology[GZ2023KF012].
文摘In ultrasonic non-destructive testing of high-temperature industrial equipment,sound velocity drift induced by non-uniform temperature fields can severely compromise defect localization accuracy.Conventional approaches that rely on room-temperature sound velocities introduce systematic errors,potentially leading to misjudgment of safety-critical components.Two primary challenges hinder current methods:first,it is difficult to monitor real-time changes in sound velocity distribution within a thermal gradient;second,traditional uniform-temperature correction models fail to capture the nonlinear dependence of material properties on temperature and their effect on ultrasonic velocity fields.Here,we propose a defect localization correction method based on multiphysics coupling.A two-dimensional coupled heat transfer–wave propagation model is established in COMSOL,and a one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer condition is used to design a numerical pulse–echo experiment in 1020 steel.Temperature-dependent material properties are incorporated,and the intrinsic relationship between sound velocity and temperature is derived,confirming consistency with classical theories.To account for gradient temperature fields,a micro-element integration algorithm discretizes the propagation path into segments,each associated with a locally computed temperature from the steady-state heat conduction solution.Defect positions are dynamically corrected through cumulative displacement along the propagation path.By integrating heat conduction and elastic wave propagation in a multiphysics framework,this method overcomes the limitations of uniform-temperature assumptions.The micro-element integration approach enables dynamic tracking of spatially varying sound velocities,offering a robust strategy to enhance ultrasonic testing accuracy in high-temperature industrial environments.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172023)。
文摘According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing differential equations are derived by the Hamilton's variational principle,and then solved by the iterative Separation-of-Variable(i SOV)method,which are applicable to arbitrary combinations of homogeneous Boundary Conditions(BCs).However,only the simply-support,clamped and cantilever panels are considered in this work for the sake of clarity.With the closed-form eigensolutions,the flutter frequency,flutter mode and flutter boundary are presented,and the effect of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping on flutter frequencies is investigated.Besides,the relation between panel energy and the work of aerodynamic load is discussed.The numerical comparisons reveal the following.(A)The flutter eigenvalues obtained by the present method are accurate,validated by the Finite Element Method(FEM)and the Galerkin method.(B)When the span-chord ratio is larger than 3,simplifying a 3D panel to 2D(two-dimensional)panel is reasonable and the relative differences of the flutter points predicted by the two models are less than one percent.(C)The reciprocal relationship between the mechanical energy of the panel and the work done by aerodynamic load is verified by using the present flutter eigenvalues and modes,further indicating the high accuracy of the present solutions.(D)The coupling of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping prevents frequency coalescing.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA1208800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62404253,62304254,U23A20322)。
文摘Sensor noise is a critical factor that degrades the performance of image processing systems.In traditional computing systems,noise correction is implemented in the digital domain,resulting in redundant latency and power consumption overhead in the analog-to-digital conversion.In this work,we propose an analog-domain image correction architecture based on a proposed small-scale UNet,which implements a compact noise correction network within a one-transistor-one-memristor(1T1R)array.The statistical non-idealities of the fabricated 1T1R array(e.g.,device variability)are rigorously incorporated into the network's training and inference simulations.This correction network architecture leverages memristors for conducting multiply-accumulate operations aimed at rectifying non-uniform noise,defective pixels(stuck-at-bright/dark),and exposure mismatch.Compared to systems without correction,the proposed architecture achieves up to 50.13%improvement in recognition accuracy while demonstrating robust tolerance to memristor device-level errors.The proposed system achieves a 2.13-fold latency reduction and three orders of magnitude higher energy efficiency compared to conventional architecture.This work establishes a new paradigm for advancing the development of low-power,low-latency,and high-precision image processing systems.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10573004
文摘It has been shown that non-rotating black holes Recently study showed that thermal fluctuations would give in three or four dimensions possess a canonical entropy. rise to logarithmic corrections to Bekenstein Hawking entropy in area with a model-dependent uncertain coefficient. In this paper, the thermal fluctuations on Bekenstein-Hawking entropy in three-dimensional AdS black holes, Schwarzschild-de Sitter space and Kerr-de Sitter （KdS） spacetime with J = 0 will be considered based on a uniformly spaced area spectrum approach. Our conclusion shows that there is the same correction form in all cases we considered.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant Nos.ZR2021MF049,ZR2022LLZ012,and ZR2021LLZ001)。
文摘Quantum error correction technology is an important method to eliminate errors during the operation of quantum computers.In order to solve the problem of influence of errors on physical qubits,we propose an approximate error correction scheme that performs dimension mapping operations on surface codes.This error correction scheme utilizes the topological properties of error correction codes to map the surface code dimension to three dimensions.Compared to previous error correction schemes,the present three-dimensional surface code exhibits good scalability due to its higher redundancy and more efficient error correction capabilities.By reducing the number of ancilla qubits required for error correction,this approach achieves savings in measurement space and reduces resource consumption costs.In order to improve the decoding efficiency and solve the problem of the correlation between the surface code stabilizer and the 3D space after dimension mapping,we employ a reinforcement learning(RL)decoder based on deep Q-learning,which enables faster identification of the optimal syndrome and achieves better thresholds through conditional optimization.Compared to the minimum weight perfect matching decoding,the threshold of the RL trained model reaches 0.78%,which is 56%higher and enables large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation.
文摘Three-dimensional Information Decoupling System Based on PSD were designed based on LabVIEW, in order to achieve precision, timeliness, reliability require-ments of the PSD used in the ATP system of Satellite Earth quantum communication. Firstly, the laser light source was driven by a stepper motor to scan on the PSD photosensitive surface, and the voltage value was collected and calculated to get the spot position. Analyzing the cause of nonlinear, a mathematical model was built between the actual value and the measured value by using binary quadratic polynomial method, PSD nonlinear correction function would be got. Then, the object micro displacement and angle offset were measured by combining optical triangulation method, and the error of the measurement results was corrected. Experimental results showed that, after the correction, the measuring deviation could be significantly reduced, the PSD performance calibration requirements was achieved, the efficiency of the system was developed greatly by using LabVIEW.
文摘This letter compares the clinical efficacy and economic feasibility of the scoliocorrector fatma-UI(SCFUI)with direct vertebral rotation(DVR)in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).SCFUI has shown promising results in threedimensional spinal correction,providing superior rotational alignment compared to DVR and achieving significant improvements in coronal and sagittal planes.Additionally,SCFUI’s advanced design reduces risks associated with AIS surgeries and enhances overall patient outcomes.Economic analysis reveals SCFUI as a cost-effective option,potentially lowering long-term healthcare costs by minimizing complications and revisions.Our findings suggest that SCFUI is a viable,innovative approach in AIS treatment,meeting clinical and economic demands in orthopedic care.
文摘To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(42225107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001326,42371414,42171409,and 42271419)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(2022A1515012207)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning(202201011539)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significant gap in detailed and consistent data on 3D building space structures with global coverage due to the challenges inherent in the data collection and model calibration processes.In this study,we constructed a global urban structure(GUS-3D)dataset,including building volume,height,and footprint information,at a 500 m spatial resolution using extensive satellite observation products and numerous reference building samples.Our analysis indicated that the total volume of buildings worldwide in2015 exceeded 1×10^(12)m^(3).Over the 1985 to 2015 period,we observed a slight increase in the magnitude of 3D building volume growth(i.e.,it increased from 166.02 km3 during the 1985–2000 period to 175.08km3 during the 2000–2015 period),while the expansion magnitudes of the two-dimensional(2D)building footprint(22.51×10^(3) vs 13.29×10^(3)km^(2))and urban extent(157×10^(3) vs 133.8×10^(3)km^(2))notably decreased.This trend highlights the significant increase in intensive vertical utilization of urban land.Furthermore,we identified significant heterogeneity in building space provision and inequality across cities worldwide.This inequality is particularly pronounced in many populous Asian cities,which has been overlooked in previous studies on economic inequality.The GUS-3D dataset shows great potential to deepen our understanding of the urban environment and creates new horizons for numerous 3D urban studies.
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82201135)"2015"Cultivation Program for Reserve Talents for Academic Leaders of Nanjing Stomatological School,Medical School of Nanjing University(No.0223A204).
文摘Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0608000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42030605)+1 种基金CAAI-MindSpore Academic Fund Research Projects(CAAIXSJLJJ2023MindSpore11)the program of China Scholarships Council(No.CXXM2101180001)。
文摘Accurate seasonal precipitation forecasts,especially for extreme events,are crucial to preventing meteorological hazards and their potential impacts on national development,social activity,and security.However,the intensity of summer precipitation is often largely underestimated in many current dynamic models.This study uses a deep learning method called Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks(CycleGAN)to improve the seasonal forecasts for June-JulyAugust precipitation in southeastern China by the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Climate Forecast System(NUIST-CFS 1.0).The results suggest that the CycleGAN-based model significantly improves the accuracy in predicting the spatiotemporal distribution of summer precipitation compared to the traditional quantile mapping(QM)method.Using the unpaired bias-correction model,we can also obtain advanced forecasts of the frequency,intensity,and duration of extreme precipitation events over the dynamic model predictions.This study expands the potential applications of deep learning models toward improving seasonal precipitation forecasts.
基金Supported by the 2022 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2022sx031the 2023 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2023jyxm1071.
文摘BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.
基金the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2024.
文摘Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image classification.Image denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image denoising.Attenuation correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of classification.Finally,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is proposed.It merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more efficiently.Three scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract features.All three steps are compared with state-of-the-art methods.The proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of 39.7.The proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and F1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42304018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42330105,42064002,42074035)+3 种基金the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(Guike AD23026177,2020GXNSFBA297145)the Foundation of Guilin University of Technology(GUTQDJJ6616032)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics(21238-21-05)the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCSW2023341)。
文摘The Zenith Hydrostatic Delay(ZHD)is essential for high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)and Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI)data processing.Accurate estimation of ZHD relies on in situ atmospheric pressure,which is primarily variable in the vertical direction.Current atmospheric pressure is either site-specific or has limited spatial coverage,necessitating vertical corrections for broader applicability.This study introduces a model that uses a Gaussian function for the vertical correction of atmospheric pressure when in situ meteorological observations are unavailable.Validation with the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis(ERA5)reveals an average Bias and RMS for the new model of 0.31 h Pa and 2.96 h Pa,respectively.This corresponds to improvements of 37.5%and 80.3%in terms of RMS compared to two commonly used models(T0and Tvmodels)that require in situ meteorological observations,respectively.Additional validation with radiosonde data shows an average Bias and RMS of 1.85 h Pa and 4.87 h Pa,corresponding to the improvement of 42.8%and 71.1%in RMS compared with T0and Tv models,respectively.These accuracies are sufficient for calculating ZHD to an accuracy of 1 mm by performing atmospheric pressure vertical correction.The new model can correct atmospheric pressure from meteorological stations or numerical weather forecasts to different heights of the troposphere.
文摘BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evaluate accurately using conventional two-dimensional imaging criteria due to the tumor’s diffuse and multifocal growth pattern.Volumetric imaging,especially enhanced tumor volume(ETV),offers a more comprehensive assessment.Nonetheless,bias field inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)poses challenges,potentially skewing volumetric measurements and undermining prognostic evaluation.AIM To investigate whether MRI bias field correction enhances the accuracy of volumetric assessment of infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE,and to analyze how this improved measurement impacts prognostic prediction.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 105 patients with invasive liver cancer who underwent TACE treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to January 2024.The improved N4 bias field correction algorithm was applied to process MRI images,and the ETV before and after treatment was calculated.The ETV measurements before and after correction were compared,and their relationship with patient prognosis was analyzed.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate prognostic factors,with Martingale residual analysis determining the optimal cutoff value,followed by survival analysis.RESULTS Bias field correction significantly affected ETV measurements,with the corrected baseline ETV mean(505.235 cm^(3))being significantly lower than before correction(825.632 cm^(3),P<0.001).Cox analysis showed that the hazard ratio(HR)for corrected baseline ETV(HR=1.165,95%CI:1.069-1.268)was higher than before correction(HR=1.063,95%CI:1.031-1.095).Using 412 cm^(3) as the cutoff,the group with baseline ETV<415 cm^(3) had a longer median survival time compared to the≥415 cm^(3) group(18.523 months vs 8.926 months,P<0.001).The group with an ETV reduction rate≥41%had better prognosis than the<41%group(17.862 months vs 9.235 months,P=0.006).Multivariate analysis confirmed that ETV reduction rate(HR=0.412,P<0.001),Child-Pugh classification(HR=0.298,P<0.001),and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage(HR=0.578,P=0.045)were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Volume imaging based on MRI bias field correction can improve the accuracy of evaluating the efficacy of TACE treatment for invasive liver cancer.The corrected ETV and its reduction rate can serve as independent indicators for predicting patient prognosis,providing important reference for developing individualized treatment strategies.
