Thermal characterization becomes challenging as the material size is reduced to micro/nanoscales.Based on scanning probe microscopy(SPM),scanning thermal microscopy(STh M)is able to collect thermophysical characterist...Thermal characterization becomes challenging as the material size is reduced to micro/nanoscales.Based on scanning probe microscopy(SPM),scanning thermal microscopy(STh M)is able to collect thermophysical characteristics of the microscopic domain with high spatial resolution.Starting from its development history,this review introduces the operation mechanism of the instrument in detail,including working principles,thermal probes,quantitative study,and applications.As the core principle of STh M,the heat transfer mechanism section is discussed emphatically.Additionally,the emerging technologies based on the STh M platform are clearly reviewed and corresponding examples are presented in detail.Finally,the current challenges and future opportunities of STh M are discussed.展开更多
A study of the interfacial behavior and internal thermal stress distribution in fiber-reinforced composites is essential to assess their performance and reliability.CNT/carbon fiber(CF)hybrid fibers were constructed u...A study of the interfacial behavior and internal thermal stress distribution in fiber-reinforced composites is essential to assess their performance and reliability.CNT/carbon fiber(CF)hybrid fibers were constructed using electrophoretic deposition.The interfacial properties of CF/epoxy and CNT/CF/epoxy composites were statistically investigated and compared using in-situ thermal Raman mapping by dispersing CNTs as a Raman sensing medium(CNT_(R))in a resin.The associated local thermal stress changes can be simulated by capturing the G'band position distribution of CNT_(R) in the epoxy at different temperatures.It was found that the G'band shifted to lower positions with increasing temperature,reaching a maximum difference of 2.43 cm^(−1) at 100℃.The interfacial bonding between CNT/CF and the matrix and the stress distribution and changes during heat treatment(20-100℃)were investig-ated in detail.This work is important for studying thermal stress in fiber-reinforced composites by in-situ thermal Raman mapping technology.展开更多
Analytical thermal traveling-wave distribution in biological tissues through a bio-heat transfer (BHT) model with linear/quadratic temperature-dependent blood perfusion is discussed in this paper. Using the extended g...Analytical thermal traveling-wave distribution in biological tissues through a bio-heat transfer (BHT) model with linear/quadratic temperature-dependent blood perfusion is discussed in this paper. Using the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method, we find analytical traveling wave solutions of the considered BHT equation. All the travelling wave solutions obtained have been used to explicitly investigate the effect of linear and quadratic coefficients of temperature dependence on temperature distribution in tissues. We found that the parameter of the nonlinear superposition formula for Riccati can be used to control the temperature of living tissues. Our results prove that the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method is a powerful tool for investigating thermal traveling-wave distribution in biological tissues.展开更多
Extreme environments like active volcanoes exhibit many difficulties in being studied by in situ techniques. For example, during eruptions, summit areas are very hard to be accessed because of logistics problems and/o...Extreme environments like active volcanoes exhibit many difficulties in being studied by in situ techniques. For example, during eruptions, summit areas are very hard to be accessed because of logistics problems and/or volcanic hazards. The use of remote sensing techniques in the last 20 years by satellite or airborne platforms has proven their capabilities in mapping and monitoring the evolution of volcanic activity. This approach has become increasingly important, as much interest is actually focused on understanding precursory signals to volcanic eruptions. In this work we verify the use of cutting-edge technology like unmanned flying system thermally equipped for volcanic applications. We present the results of a flight test performed by INGV in collaboration with the University of Bologna (Aerospace Division) by using a multi-rotor aircraft in a hexacopter configuration. The experiment was realized in radio controlled mode to overcome many regulation problems which, especially in Italy, limit the use of this system in autonomous mode. The overall goal was not only qualitative but also quantitative oriented. The system flew above an Italian mud volcano, named Le Salinelle, located on the lower South West flank of Mt. Etna volcano, which was chosen as representative site, providing not only a discrimination between hot and cold areas, but also the corresponding temperature values. The in-flight measurements have been cross-validated with contemporaneous in-situ acquisition of thermal data and from independent measurements of mud/water temperature.展开更多
The present work introduces a novel concurrent optimization formulation to meet the requirements of lightweight design and various constraints simultaneously.Nodal displacement of macrostructure and effective thermal ...The present work introduces a novel concurrent optimization formulation to meet the requirements of lightweight design and various constraints simultaneously.Nodal displacement of macrostructure and effective thermal conductivity of microstructure are regarded as the constraint functions, which means taking into account both the loadcarrying capabilities and the thermal insulation properties.The effective properties of porous material derived from numerical homogenization are used for macrostructural analysis. Meanwhile, displacement vectors of macrostructures from original and adjoint load cases are used for sensitivity analysis of the microstructure. Design variables in the form of reciprocal functions of relative densities are introduced and used for linearization of the constraint function. The objective function of total mass is approximately expressed by the second order Taylor series expansion. Then, the proposed concurrent optimization problem is solved using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm, by splitting into a series of sub-problems in the form of the quadratic program. Finally, several numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. The various effects including initial designs, prescribed limits of nodal displacement, and effective thermal conductivity on optimized designs are also investigated. An amount of optimized macrostructures and their corresponding microstructures are achieved.展开更多
The fuzzy numerical value analysis method is adopted for the first time, which solves the problem of nanometer electro-thermal in filming process, The key technique is embodied by controlling the time distribution, te...The fuzzy numerical value analysis method is adopted for the first time, which solves the problem of nanometer electro-thermal in filming process, The key technique is embodied by controlling the time distribution, temperature and press in the filming process. The concrete technique of filming is showed by establishing the fuzzy mumbership function of above three indexes, which improves the precision of the materials of nanometer electro-thermal in hot-working. At the same time, the principles of the fuzzy relationship mapping inversion （FRMI） is put forward, Therefore, the standardization and continuity can be met.展开更多
浅部煤炭资源逐渐枯竭,开采深度持续增加,井下热环境问题需要重点关注。以Web of Science和中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)数据库为基础,采用文献计量方法,运用CiteSpace工具进行可视化的分析,依托研究主题、...浅部煤炭资源逐渐枯竭,开采深度持续增加,井下热环境问题需要重点关注。以Web of Science和中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)数据库为基础,采用文献计量方法,运用CiteSpace工具进行可视化的分析,依托研究主题、研究热点及前沿,对比国内外文献深部煤矿热环境研究框架。结果表明:(1)国内文献在该领域发文量较多,已形成核心作者群,研究机构分布在高校、煤矿集团等,国外文献发文量呈指数增长,国内外均缺乏跨学科和区域合作;(2)国内外文献煤矿深井热环境研究框架为理论与技术、深井热环境、实施降温措施等,国内文献更注重热环境理论、降温实效应用等,国外文献侧重技术系统架构,“深部矿井”“通风降温”“制冷系统”“系统”等开发绿色、智能降温技术成为国内外煤矿深井热环境研究热点和趋势。从宏观角度定量化分析国内外文献煤矿深井热环境研究领域特点,为该领域的研究提供现状支撑。展开更多
以Raspberry Pi 3B为主控中心,设计了基于QT的FAIMS气体传感器测控系统。采用Itg Insigh将各个射频电压下的二维FAIMS谱图值映射为平面上点的颜色与深浅,并应用热力图的渲染技术自动绘制指纹图谱。以丙酮为实验样品,在补偿电压扫描范围...以Raspberry Pi 3B为主控中心,设计了基于QT的FAIMS气体传感器测控系统。采用Itg Insigh将各个射频电压下的二维FAIMS谱图值映射为平面上点的颜色与深浅,并应用热力图的渲染技术自动绘制指纹图谱。以丙酮为实验样品,在补偿电压扫描范围为-10~10 V,载气为氮气,流速为1.98 L/min的条件下进行实验。结果表明,FAIMS气体传感器测控系统实现了指纹图谱的自动绘制以及谱峰参数识别算法,具有体积小、灵敏度高、检测时间短、功耗低等特点。展开更多
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51876112)Shanghai Sailing Program (21YF1414200)+1 种基金Discipline of Shanghai-Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials
文摘Thermal characterization becomes challenging as the material size is reduced to micro/nanoscales.Based on scanning probe microscopy(SPM),scanning thermal microscopy(STh M)is able to collect thermophysical characteristics of the microscopic domain with high spatial resolution.Starting from its development history,this review introduces the operation mechanism of the instrument in detail,including working principles,thermal probes,quantitative study,and applications.As the core principle of STh M,the heat transfer mechanism section is discussed emphatically.Additionally,the emerging technologies based on the STh M platform are clearly reviewed and corresponding examples are presented in detail.Finally,the current challenges and future opportunities of STh M are discussed.
文摘A study of the interfacial behavior and internal thermal stress distribution in fiber-reinforced composites is essential to assess their performance and reliability.CNT/carbon fiber(CF)hybrid fibers were constructed using electrophoretic deposition.The interfacial properties of CF/epoxy and CNT/CF/epoxy composites were statistically investigated and compared using in-situ thermal Raman mapping by dispersing CNTs as a Raman sensing medium(CNT_(R))in a resin.The associated local thermal stress changes can be simulated by capturing the G'band position distribution of CNT_(R) in the epoxy at different temperatures.It was found that the G'band shifted to lower positions with increasing temperature,reaching a maximum difference of 2.43 cm^(−1) at 100℃.The interfacial bonding between CNT/CF and the matrix and the stress distribution and changes during heat treatment(20-100℃)were investig-ated in detail.This work is important for studying thermal stress in fiber-reinforced composites by in-situ thermal Raman mapping technology.
文摘Analytical thermal traveling-wave distribution in biological tissues through a bio-heat transfer (BHT) model with linear/quadratic temperature-dependent blood perfusion is discussed in this paper. Using the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method, we find analytical traveling wave solutions of the considered BHT equation. All the travelling wave solutions obtained have been used to explicitly investigate the effect of linear and quadratic coefficients of temperature dependence on temperature distribution in tissues. We found that the parameter of the nonlinear superposition formula for Riccati can be used to control the temperature of living tissues. Our results prove that the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method is a powerful tool for investigating thermal traveling-wave distribution in biological tissues.
文摘Extreme environments like active volcanoes exhibit many difficulties in being studied by in situ techniques. For example, during eruptions, summit areas are very hard to be accessed because of logistics problems and/or volcanic hazards. The use of remote sensing techniques in the last 20 years by satellite or airborne platforms has proven their capabilities in mapping and monitoring the evolution of volcanic activity. This approach has become increasingly important, as much interest is actually focused on understanding precursory signals to volcanic eruptions. In this work we verify the use of cutting-edge technology like unmanned flying system thermally equipped for volcanic applications. We present the results of a flight test performed by INGV in collaboration with the University of Bologna (Aerospace Division) by using a multi-rotor aircraft in a hexacopter configuration. The experiment was realized in radio controlled mode to overcome many regulation problems which, especially in Italy, limit the use of this system in autonomous mode. The overall goal was not only qualitative but also quantitative oriented. The system flew above an Italian mud volcano, named Le Salinelle, located on the lower South West flank of Mt. Etna volcano, which was chosen as representative site, providing not only a discrimination between hot and cold areas, but also the corresponding temperature values. The in-flight measurements have been cross-validated with contemporaneous in-situ acquisition of thermal data and from independent measurements of mud/water temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11202078, 51405123)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2017MS077)
文摘The present work introduces a novel concurrent optimization formulation to meet the requirements of lightweight design and various constraints simultaneously.Nodal displacement of macrostructure and effective thermal conductivity of microstructure are regarded as the constraint functions, which means taking into account both the loadcarrying capabilities and the thermal insulation properties.The effective properties of porous material derived from numerical homogenization are used for macrostructural analysis. Meanwhile, displacement vectors of macrostructures from original and adjoint load cases are used for sensitivity analysis of the microstructure. Design variables in the form of reciprocal functions of relative densities are introduced and used for linearization of the constraint function. The objective function of total mass is approximately expressed by the second order Taylor series expansion. Then, the proposed concurrent optimization problem is solved using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm, by splitting into a series of sub-problems in the form of the quadratic program. Finally, several numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. The various effects including initial designs, prescribed limits of nodal displacement, and effective thermal conductivity on optimized designs are also investigated. An amount of optimized macrostructures and their corresponding microstructures are achieved.
文摘The fuzzy numerical value analysis method is adopted for the first time, which solves the problem of nanometer electro-thermal in filming process, The key technique is embodied by controlling the time distribution, temperature and press in the filming process. The concrete technique of filming is showed by establishing the fuzzy mumbership function of above three indexes, which improves the precision of the materials of nanometer electro-thermal in hot-working. At the same time, the principles of the fuzzy relationship mapping inversion （FRMI） is put forward, Therefore, the standardization and continuity can be met.
文摘浅部煤炭资源逐渐枯竭,开采深度持续增加,井下热环境问题需要重点关注。以Web of Science和中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)数据库为基础,采用文献计量方法,运用CiteSpace工具进行可视化的分析,依托研究主题、研究热点及前沿,对比国内外文献深部煤矿热环境研究框架。结果表明:(1)国内文献在该领域发文量较多,已形成核心作者群,研究机构分布在高校、煤矿集团等,国外文献发文量呈指数增长,国内外均缺乏跨学科和区域合作;(2)国内外文献煤矿深井热环境研究框架为理论与技术、深井热环境、实施降温措施等,国内文献更注重热环境理论、降温实效应用等,国外文献侧重技术系统架构,“深部矿井”“通风降温”“制冷系统”“系统”等开发绿色、智能降温技术成为国内外煤矿深井热环境研究热点和趋势。从宏观角度定量化分析国内外文献煤矿深井热环境研究领域特点,为该领域的研究提供现状支撑。
