Chemical warfare agents(CWAs)remain a persistent hazard in many parts of the world,necessitating a deeper exploration of their chemical and physical characteristics and reactions under diverse conditions.Diisopropyl m...Chemical warfare agents(CWAs)remain a persistent hazard in many parts of the world,necessitating a deeper exploration of their chemical and physical characteristics and reactions under diverse conditions.Diisopropyl methylphosphonate(DIMP),a commonly used CWA surrogate,is widely studied to enhance our understanding of CWA behavior.The prevailing thermal decomposition model for DIMP,developed approximately 25 years ago,is based on data collected in nitrogen atmospheres at temperatures ranging from 700 K to 800 K.Despite its limitations,this model continues to serve as a foundation for research across various thermal and reactive environments,including combustion studies.Our recent experiments have extended the scope of decomposition analysis by examining DIMP in both nitrogen and zero air across a lower temperature range of 175℃ to 250℃.Infrared spectroscopy results under nitrogen align well with the established model;however,we observed that catalytic effects,stemming from decomposition byproducts and interactions with stainless steel surfaces,alter the reaction kinetics.In zero air environments,we observed a novel infrared absorption band.Spectral fitting suggests this band may represent a combination of propanal and acetone,while GCMS analysis points to vinyl formate and acetone as possible constituents.Although the precise identity of these new products remains unresolved,our findings clearly indicate that the existing decomposition model cannot be reliably extended to lower temperatures or non-nitrogen environments without further revisions.展开更多
An underwater acoustic warfare simulation system (UAWSS) with a structure of high level architecture (HLA) is studied based upon a previous research project. With the experience and lessons learned, some new concepts ...An underwater acoustic warfare simulation system (UAWSS) with a structure of high level architecture (HLA) is studied based upon a previous research project. With the experience and lessons learned, some new concepts are adopted in the implementation of UAWSS according to the essence of simulation and the objective of the system, among which are simulation synthetic environment, signal processing at other simulation nodes, decomposition of underwater sound channel, channel varying law and rules on system and parts evaluation, etc. Applications of these new ideas show that they are effective.展开更多
Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supp...Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supply size,which limit their practical applications.In this paper,a self-driven microplasma decontamination system,induced by a dielectric-dielectric rotary triboelectric nanogenerator(dd-r TENG),was innovatively proposed for the decontamination of CWA simulants.The microplasma was characterized via electrical measurements,optical emission spectra and ozone concentration detection.With an output voltage of-3460 V,the dd-r TENG can successfully excite microplasma in air.Reactive species,such as OH,O(1D),Hαand O3were detected.With input average power of 0.116 W,the decontamination rate of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide reached 100%within 3 min of plasma treatment,while the decontamination rates of malathion and dimethyl methylphosphonate reached(65.92±1.65)%and(60.88±1.92)%after 7 min of plasma treatment,respectively.In addition,the decontamination rates gradually decreased with the increase in the simulant concentrations.Typical products were identified and analyzed.This study demonstrates the broad spectrum and feasibility of the dd-r TENG-microplasma for CWA elimination,which provides significant guidance for their practical applications in the future.展开更多
To provide a test platform for Electronic Warfare (EW) system, it is needed to simulate the radar received Intermediate Frequency (IF) signals and radar system functions.This letter gives a description of a radar syst...To provide a test platform for Electronic Warfare (EW) system, it is needed to simulate the radar received Intermediate Frequency (IF) signals and radar system functions.This letter gives a description of a radar system simulation software developed for frequencyphase scanning three-dimensional (3-D) radar. Experimental results prove that the software could be used for system evaluation and for training purposes as an attractive alternative to real EW system.展开更多
Electronic warfare simulation can allow the realistic evaluation of the performance ofequipments and techniques, and it can also allow the realistic training of individualsunder conditions that, in real life, might ki...Electronic warfare simulation can allow the realistic evaluation of the performance ofequipments and techniques, and it can also allow the realistic training of individualsunder conditions that, in real life, might kill them. We propose a new scheme of EWsimulation system based on SystemVue. This paper mainly expounds the structure ofsystem and the key technology of subsystem establishment. As a proof of concept, aradar electronic reconnaissance simulation experiment is explained in this paper. Andthe results verify the feasibility of the scheme.展开更多
By combining 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-chlorine)phenylporphyrin(TClPP)andα-Keggin polyoxometalate H_(5)PV_(2)Mo_(10)O_(40)(H 5 PVMo)via a simple ion-exchange method,an organic-inorganic hybrid material[C_(44)H_(28)N_(4)Cl_(...By combining 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-chlorine)phenylporphyrin(TClPP)andα-Keggin polyoxometalate H_(5)PV_(2)Mo_(10)O_(40)(H 5 PVMo)via a simple ion-exchange method,an organic-inorganic hybrid material[C_(44)H_(28)N_(4)Cl_(4)]_(1.5)[H_(2)PMo_(10)V_(2)O_(40)]·2C_(2)H_(6)O(H_(2 )TClPP-H_(2) PVMo)was prepared and thoroughly characterized by a variety of techniques.The homogeneous photocatalytic degradation of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide(CEES)(5μL)by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(1×10^(−6)mol/L)was studied in methanol and methanol-water mixed solvent(v/v=1:1),in which the degradation rate of CEES reached 99.52%and 99.14%,respectively.The reaction followed first-order reaction kinetics,and the half-life and kinetic constant in methanol and the mixed solvent were respectively 33.0min,−0.021 min−1 and 15.7min,−0.043 min−1.Mechanism analysis indicated that under visible light irradiation in the air,CEES was degraded via oxidation and alcoholysis/hydrolysis in methanol and the mixed solvent.O_(2)·−and ^(1)O_(2) generated by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo selectively oxidized CEES into a nontoxic sulfoxide.Singlet oxygen capture experiments showed that H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(φ=0.73)had a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen than TClPP(φ=0.35)under an air atmosphere and visible light irradiation.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Department of Defense,Defense Threat Reduction Agency under the Materials Science in Extreme Environments University Research Alliance,HDTRA1-20-2-0001。
文摘Chemical warfare agents(CWAs)remain a persistent hazard in many parts of the world,necessitating a deeper exploration of their chemical and physical characteristics and reactions under diverse conditions.Diisopropyl methylphosphonate(DIMP),a commonly used CWA surrogate,is widely studied to enhance our understanding of CWA behavior.The prevailing thermal decomposition model for DIMP,developed approximately 25 years ago,is based on data collected in nitrogen atmospheres at temperatures ranging from 700 K to 800 K.Despite its limitations,this model continues to serve as a foundation for research across various thermal and reactive environments,including combustion studies.Our recent experiments have extended the scope of decomposition analysis by examining DIMP in both nitrogen and zero air across a lower temperature range of 175℃ to 250℃.Infrared spectroscopy results under nitrogen align well with the established model;however,we observed that catalytic effects,stemming from decomposition byproducts and interactions with stainless steel surfaces,alter the reaction kinetics.In zero air environments,we observed a novel infrared absorption band.Spectral fitting suggests this band may represent a combination of propanal and acetone,while GCMS analysis points to vinyl formate and acetone as possible constituents.Although the precise identity of these new products remains unresolved,our findings clearly indicate that the existing decomposition model cannot be reliably extended to lower temperatures or non-nitrogen environments without further revisions.
文摘An underwater acoustic warfare simulation system (UAWSS) with a structure of high level architecture (HLA) is studied based upon a previous research project. With the experience and lessons learned, some new concepts are adopted in the implementation of UAWSS according to the essence of simulation and the objective of the system, among which are simulation synthetic environment, signal processing at other simulation nodes, decomposition of underwater sound channel, channel varying law and rules on system and parts evaluation, etc. Applications of these new ideas show that they are effective.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51877205)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.buct201906)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian(No.SKLNBC2021-0X)Beijing Nova Program(No.2022015)。
文摘Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supply size,which limit their practical applications.In this paper,a self-driven microplasma decontamination system,induced by a dielectric-dielectric rotary triboelectric nanogenerator(dd-r TENG),was innovatively proposed for the decontamination of CWA simulants.The microplasma was characterized via electrical measurements,optical emission spectra and ozone concentration detection.With an output voltage of-3460 V,the dd-r TENG can successfully excite microplasma in air.Reactive species,such as OH,O(1D),Hαand O3were detected.With input average power of 0.116 W,the decontamination rate of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide reached 100%within 3 min of plasma treatment,while the decontamination rates of malathion and dimethyl methylphosphonate reached(65.92±1.65)%and(60.88±1.92)%after 7 min of plasma treatment,respectively.In addition,the decontamination rates gradually decreased with the increase in the simulant concentrations.Typical products were identified and analyzed.This study demonstrates the broad spectrum and feasibility of the dd-r TENG-microplasma for CWA elimination,which provides significant guidance for their practical applications in the future.
文摘To provide a test platform for Electronic Warfare (EW) system, it is needed to simulate the radar received Intermediate Frequency (IF) signals and radar system functions.This letter gives a description of a radar system simulation software developed for frequencyphase scanning three-dimensional (3-D) radar. Experimental results prove that the software could be used for system evaluation and for training purposes as an attractive alternative to real EW system.
文摘Electronic warfare simulation can allow the realistic evaluation of the performance ofequipments and techniques, and it can also allow the realistic training of individualsunder conditions that, in real life, might kill them. We propose a new scheme of EWsimulation system based on SystemVue. This paper mainly expounds the structure ofsystem and the key technology of subsystem establishment. As a proof of concept, aradar electronic reconnaissance simulation experiment is explained in this paper. Andthe results verify the feasibility of the scheme.
基金The financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21976013)
文摘By combining 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-chlorine)phenylporphyrin(TClPP)andα-Keggin polyoxometalate H_(5)PV_(2)Mo_(10)O_(40)(H 5 PVMo)via a simple ion-exchange method,an organic-inorganic hybrid material[C_(44)H_(28)N_(4)Cl_(4)]_(1.5)[H_(2)PMo_(10)V_(2)O_(40)]·2C_(2)H_(6)O(H_(2 )TClPP-H_(2) PVMo)was prepared and thoroughly characterized by a variety of techniques.The homogeneous photocatalytic degradation of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide(CEES)(5μL)by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(1×10^(−6)mol/L)was studied in methanol and methanol-water mixed solvent(v/v=1:1),in which the degradation rate of CEES reached 99.52%and 99.14%,respectively.The reaction followed first-order reaction kinetics,and the half-life and kinetic constant in methanol and the mixed solvent were respectively 33.0min,−0.021 min−1 and 15.7min,−0.043 min−1.Mechanism analysis indicated that under visible light irradiation in the air,CEES was degraded via oxidation and alcoholysis/hydrolysis in methanol and the mixed solvent.O_(2)·−and ^(1)O_(2) generated by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo selectively oxidized CEES into a nontoxic sulfoxide.Singlet oxygen capture experiments showed that H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(φ=0.73)had a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen than TClPP(φ=0.35)under an air atmosphere and visible light irradiation.
