BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning ofte...BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.展开更多
The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular processes.In t...The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular processes.In the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter presents techniques to simplify dataset generation for instance segmentation of raw meat products,a critical step toward automating food production lines.Accurate segmentation is essential for ...Dear Editor,This letter presents techniques to simplify dataset generation for instance segmentation of raw meat products,a critical step toward automating food production lines.Accurate segmentation is essential for addressing challenges such as occlusions,indistinct edges,and stacked configurations,which demand large,diverse datasets.To meet these demands,we propose two complementary approaches:a semi-automatic annotation interface using tools like the segment anything model(SAM)and GrabCut and a synthetic data generation pipeline leveraging 3D-scanned models.These methods reduce reliance on real meat,mitigate food waste,and improve scalability.Experimental results demonstrate that incorporating synthetic data enhances segmentation model performance and,when combined with real data,further boosts accuracy,paving the way for more efficient automation in the food industry.展开更多
Final electromagnetic stirring(F-EMS)and thermal soft reduction(TSR)are techniques that improve the inner quality of continuous casting billets,but they have rarely been applied simultaneously.The application effects ...Final electromagnetic stirring(F-EMS)and thermal soft reduction(TSR)are techniques that improve the inner quality of continuous casting billets,but they have rarely been applied simultaneously.The application effects of F-EMS and TSR were compared,and a process integrating F-EMS and TSR was adopted for a billet continuous caster.A heat transfer model was established to calculate the thermal behavior of 82A tire cord steel billet.The locations of F-EMS and TSR were determined,followed by conducting a series of plant trials,involving F-EMS alone,TSR alone,and the integrated process of F-EMS and TSR.The results showed that F-EMS or TSR could effectively improve the inner quality of the billet under their respective suitable working conditions.Moreover,F-EMS was found to be more helpful in terms of improving central segregation,while TSR tended to improve V-segregation,central porosity,and pipe.The integration of F-EMS and TSR allowed the advantages of each technique to be utilized,thereby better improving the inner quality.Among all the working conditions,82A steel billet showed optimum inner quality when the current of F-EMS was 240 A and the cooling intensity of TSR was 2.2 m^(3) h^(−1).These findings demonstrate that the integration of F-EMS and TSR is promising for application on continuous casting billets.展开更多
Deep Web sources contain a large of high-quality and query-related structured date. One of the challenges in the Deep Web is extracting result schemas of Deep Web sources. To address this challenge, this paper describ...Deep Web sources contain a large of high-quality and query-related structured date. One of the challenges in the Deep Web is extracting result schemas of Deep Web sources. To address this challenge, this paper describes a novel approach that extracts both result data and the result schema of a Web database. The approach first models the query interface of a Deep Web source and fills in it with a specifically query instance. Then the result pages of the Deep Web sources are formatted in the tree structure to retrieve subtrees that contain elements of the query instance, Next, result schema of the Deep Web source is extracted by matching the subtree＇ nodes with the query instance, in which, a two-phase schema extraction method is adopted for obtaining more accurate result schema. Finally, experiments on real Deep Web sources show the utility of our approach, which provides a high precision and recall.展开更多
Search-based software engineering has mainly dealt with automated test data generation by metaheuristic search techniques. Similarly, we try to generate the test data (i.e., problem instances) which show the worst cas...Search-based software engineering has mainly dealt with automated test data generation by metaheuristic search techniques. Similarly, we try to generate the test data (i.e., problem instances) which show the worst case of algorithms by such a technique. In this paper, in terms of non-functional testing, we re-define the worst case of some algorithms, respectively. By using genetic algorithms (GAs), we illustrate the strategies corresponding to each type of instances. We here adopt three problems for examples;the sorting problem, the 0/1 knapsack problem (0/1KP), and the travelling salesperson problem (TSP). In some algorithms solving these problems, we could find the worst-case instances successfully;the successfulness of the result is based on a statistical approach and comparison to the results by using the random testing. Our tried examples introduce informative guidelines to the use of genetic algorithms in generating the worst-case instance, which is defined in the aspect of algorithm performance.展开更多
Aimed at the problem of final translation of space rendezvous for the applications such as docking,inspection and tracking,optimal straight-line guidance algorithm based on pulse/continuous low-thrust in the context o...Aimed at the problem of final translation of space rendezvous for the applications such as docking,inspection and tracking,optimal straight-line guidance algorithm based on pulse/continuous low-thrust in the context of Clohessy-Wiltshire dynamics is proposed.Two modes of guidance strategy:varying-speed and fixed-speed approaching scheme for V-bar and R-bar approach by using constant/finite low-thrust propulsion respectively are studied,and the corresponding fuel-optimal conditions are obtained.Numerical simulation is conducted to verify and test the proposed algorithms.The results show that there is generally no different between the fuel consumptions by using the two different approaching modes for V-bar case.However,the conclusion for Rbar case is different that the using of continuous low-thrust cost more fuel and transfer time.展开更多
Objective The NE China is located in the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,which is a large accretionary orogen between the Siberian Craton and the North China Craton（NCC）.Many researches ha...Objective The NE China is located in the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,which is a large accretionary orogen between the Siberian Craton and the North China Craton（NCC）.Many researches have discussed about the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean（PAO）in the eastern CAOB.However,展开更多
Aiming at the land cover (features) recognition of outdoor sports venues (football field, basketball court, tennis court and baseball field), this paper proposed a set of object recognition methods and technical flow ...Aiming at the land cover (features) recognition of outdoor sports venues (football field, basketball court, tennis court and baseball field), this paper proposed a set of object recognition methods and technical flow based on Mask R-CNN. Firstly, through the preprocessing of high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery (HSRRSI) and collecting the artificial samples of outdoor sports venues, the training data set required for object recognition of land cover features was constructed. Secondly, the Mask R-CNN was used as the basic training model to be adapted to cope with outdoor sports venues. Thirdly, the recognition results were compared with the four object-oriented machine learning classification methods in eCognition®. The experiment results of effectiveness verification show that the Mask R-CNN is superior to traditional methods not only in technical procedures but also in outdoor sports venues (football field, basketball court, tennis court and baseball field) recognition results, and it achieves the precision of 0.8927, a recall of 0.9356 and an average precision of 0.9235. Finally, from the aspect of practical engineering application, using and validating the well-trained model, an empirical application experiment was performed on the HSRRSI of Xicheng and Daxing District of Beijing respectively, and the generalization ability of the trained model of Mask R-CNN was thoroughly evaluated.展开更多
Background: Pancytopenia is a common hematological parameter detected in Hematology department. It is important to find out the etiology of pancytopenia for the better management of patient. Pancytopenia represents a ...Background: Pancytopenia is a common hematological parameter detected in Hematology department. It is important to find out the etiology of pancytopenia for the better management of patient. Pancytopenia represents a wide range of age groups and most pancytopenia is purely of bone marrow dysfunction origin. However, other causes such as hypersplenism and SLE are also frequently encountered. Objectives: To differentiate various causes of pancytopenia, to evaluate the hematological parameters in pancytopenic cases, and to analyze clinical manifestations in cases of pancytopenia. Materials and Methods: There were 25 admitted cases of pancytopenia at Affiliated Hospital of Dali University between the calendar year 2013 and 2014. A detail study was done on the basis of age, gender, clinical features, typical laboratory investigations, bone marrow examination, and final diagnosis. Results and Conclusions: Among 25 cases studied, megaloblastic anemia was the common cause of pancytopenia and incidence of megaloblastic anemia was higher in males after 5th decade of life. Pancytopenic cases age was ranging from 15 to 80 years. Fatigue and dizziness were the most common clinical features presented.展开更多
In regression, despite being both aimed at estimating the Mean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE), Akaike’s Final Prediction Error (FPE) and the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) selection criteria are usually derived ...In regression, despite being both aimed at estimating the Mean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE), Akaike’s Final Prediction Error (FPE) and the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) selection criteria are usually derived from two quite different perspectives. Here, settling on the most commonly accepted definition of the MSPE as the expectation of the squared prediction error loss, we provide theoretical expressions for it, valid for any linear model (LM) fitter, be it under random or non random designs. Specializing these MSPE expressions for each of them, we are able to derive closed formulas of the MSPE for some of the most popular LM fitters: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), with or without a full column rank design matrix;Ordinary and Generalized Ridge regression, the latter embedding smoothing splines fitting. For each of these LM fitters, we then deduce a computable estimate of the MSPE which turns out to coincide with Akaike’s FPE. Using a slight variation, we similarly get a class of MSPE estimates coinciding with the classical GCV formula for those same LM fitters.展开更多
The final contest of 2015 Chinese Young Surgeon Contest--surgery fur gastric cancer was successfully held in Beijing International Conference Center on 27th June, 2015. After the exciting contest among the 12 finalist...The final contest of 2015 Chinese Young Surgeon Contest--surgery fur gastric cancer was successfully held in Beijing International Conference Center on 27th June, 2015. After the exciting contest among the 12 finalists, the first prize, Theodor Billroth Prize, was taken by Xian Shen from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Open Group, and Jian Zhang from Hangzhou First People＇s Hospital in Endoscope Group.展开更多
The Scarlet Letter has been recognized by numerous critics as being one of the greatest of American novels.All the aesthetic effects are perfectly fulfilled by the " final" return of the heroin — Hester Pry...The Scarlet Letter has been recognized by numerous critics as being one of the greatest of American novels.All the aesthetic effects are perfectly fulfilled by the " final" return of the heroin — Hester Prynne.Since her husband and lover have died,her daughter has been married into a noble family of Europe,why does Hester Prynne return to America,and take up her long forsaken shame? The purpose of the article intends to analyze this question.In brief,the decisive factors in regard to the final return of Hester Prynne include many characteristics of Hester Prynne and revealing of social reality.展开更多
With the much-anticipated multi-petawatt(PW)laser facilities that are coming online,neutron sources with extreme fluxes could soon be in reach.Such sources would rely on spallation by protons accelerated by the high-i...With the much-anticipated multi-petawatt(PW)laser facilities that are coming online,neutron sources with extreme fluxes could soon be in reach.Such sources would rely on spallation by protons accelerated by the high-intensity lasers.These high neutron fluxes would make possible not only direct measurements of neutron capture andβ-decay rates related to the r-process of nucleosynthesis of heavy elements,but also such nuclear measurements in a hot plasma environment,which would be beneficial for s-process investigations in astrophysically relevant conditions.This could,in turn,finally allow possible reconciliation of the observed element abundances in stars and those derived from simulations,which at present show large discrepancies.Here,we review a possible pathway to reach unprecedented neutron fluxes using multi-PW lasers,as well as strategies to perform measurements to investigate the r-and s-processes of nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in cold matter,as well as in a hot plasma environment.展开更多
The Linxi Formation occupies an extensive area in the eastern Inner Mongolia in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）. The Linxi Formation is composed of slate, siltstone, sandstone and plant, lamellibranch microfo...The Linxi Formation occupies an extensive area in the eastern Inner Mongolia in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）. The Linxi Formation is composed of slate, siltstone, sandstone and plant, lamellibranch microfossils in the associated strata. Major and trace element data （including REE） for sandstones from the formation indicate that these rocks have a greywacke protolith and have been deposited during a strong tectonic activity. LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of detrital zircons yield ages of 1801 to 238 Ma for four samples from the Linxi Formation. 425-585 Ma, together with the ~500 Ma age for the metamorphism event previously determined for Northeast China, indicates that their provenance is the metamorphic rocks of Pan-African age that have a tectonic affinity to NE China. A few older zircons with U-Pb ages at 1689-1801 Ma, 1307 1414 Ma, 593-978 Ma are also present, revealing the Neoproterozoic history of NE China. The youngest population shows a peak at ca. 252 Ma, suggesting that the main deposition of the Linxi Formation was at late Permain. Moreover, the ca. 250 Ma zircon grains of all four samples yield weighted mean ^206pb/^238U ages of 250 ± 3 Ma, 248 ± 3 Ma, 249 ± 3 Ma, and 250 ± 2 Ma, respectively. These ages, together with the youngest zircon age in the sample ZJB-28 （ca. 238 Ma）, suggest that the deposition of the Linxi Formation extended to the early Triassic. Combining with previous results, we suggest that the final collision of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB） in the southern of Linxi Formation, which located in the Solonker-Xra Moron-Changchun suture, and the timing for final collision should be at early Triassic.展开更多
Cardiovascular risk factors(CVRF)are very prevalent in the elderly population and in addition to predisposing to cardiovascular disease they are related to functional decline,which limits the quality of life in this p...Cardiovascular risk factors(CVRF)are very prevalent in the elderly population and in addition to predisposing to cardiovascular disease they are related to functional decline,which limits the quality of life in this population.The objective of this work is to offer a review of the current evidence in the management of CVRF in the elderly population.The search strategy was executed in PubMed,Clinicalstrials.org and Embase,to search for clinical trials,observational cohort or cross-sectional studies,reviews,and clinical practice guidelines focused or including elderly population.The results provided were refined after reading the title and abstract,as well as elimination of duplicates,and were finally identified and assessed following the GRADE methodology.A total of 136 studies were obtained for all predefined risk factors,such as sedentary lifestyle,smoking,obesity and metabolic syndrome,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia and alcohol.We described the results of the studies identified and assessed according to their methodological quality in different recommendation sections:diagnostic and prevention,intervention,or treatment in the elderly population.As the main limitation to the results of this review,there is the lack of quality studies whose target population is elderly patients.This issue limits the recommendations that can be made in this population.Due to this reason,comprehensive geriatric assessment seems the best tool currently available to implement the most appropriate treatment plans based on the baseline situation and comorbidity of each elderly patient.展开更多
0 IntroductionThe mathematical problems of fracture of compound materials are very important on practical applica-tions. In this paper, we study the plane welding problems of different anisotropic media with holes,the...0 IntroductionThe mathematical problems of fracture of compound materials are very important on practical applica-tions. In this paper, we study the plane welding problems of different anisotropic media with holes,theshape of holes and the interface are arbitrary smooth contours. At first, we establish mathematical models,change it into searching complex stress functions, next, we reduce the primitive problems into boundaryvalue problems, and construct the form of solution, under some general restrictions it is reduced to certainsingular integral equations, finally, the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of which are estab-lished.1 The Representation Formula of Complex Stress展开更多
The Mg–Gd–Y–Zn–Zr alloy sheets with different texture characteristics and distribution of the interdendritic long periodstacking ordered(LPSO) phases were fabricated through altering the final rolling reduction(FR...The Mg–Gd–Y–Zn–Zr alloy sheets with different texture characteristics and distribution of the interdendritic long periodstacking ordered(LPSO) phases were fabricated through altering the final rolling reduction(FRR). The results showed that the texture characteristic was closely related to FRR and affected the tensile properties of the resulted sheets to some extent. The Schmid factor(SF) of the basal 〈a〉 slip improved with further FRR, which was ascribed to that the dynamic recrystallization(DRX) grains expand into the deformed grains with basal texture. However, the improvement of the tensile yield strength(TYS) with further FRR indicates that the strengthening effect from DRX grains surpasses the weakening effect from the elevated SF. The formation of the line-distributed interdendritic 14 H-LPSO phases can also affect the tensile properties of the resulted sheets. The line-distributed interdendritic 14 H-LPSO phases along rolling direction(RD) can act as reinforcing fiber and contribute to the higher TYS along RD and 45° to some extent, which resulted in the higher TYS along 45° compared with that along transverse direction(TD) for each resulted sheet under the circumstance of approximate basal 〈a〉 and pyramid 〈c + a〉 friction stress. Thus, the tensile yield strength is not only related to the texture, but also depends on the grain size and line-distributed interdendritic LPSO phases. The micro-cracks spread perpendicular to the tension direction, and thus, the larger cracks form within the line-distributed 14 H-LPSO phases during tension along TD, which accounts for the lower fracture elongation along TD.展开更多
基金Supported by Chongqing Medical Scientific Research Project(Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau),No.2023MSXM060.
文摘BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.
文摘The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular processes.In the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.
基金supported by European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme,project AGILEHAND(Smart Grading,Handling and Packaging Solutions for Soft and Deformable Products in Agile and Reconfigurable Lines)(101092043).
文摘Dear Editor,This letter presents techniques to simplify dataset generation for instance segmentation of raw meat products,a critical step toward automating food production lines.Accurate segmentation is essential for addressing challenges such as occlusions,indistinct edges,and stacked configurations,which demand large,diverse datasets.To meet these demands,we propose two complementary approaches:a semi-automatic annotation interface using tools like the segment anything model(SAM)and GrabCut and a synthetic data generation pipeline leveraging 3D-scanned models.These methods reduce reliance on real meat,mitigate food waste,and improve scalability.Experimental results demonstrate that incorporating synthetic data enhances segmentation model performance and,when combined with real data,further boosts accuracy,paving the way for more efficient automation in the food industry.
基金the financial support provided by the independent subject of State Key Laboratory of Advanced MetallurgyUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing,China,grant number 41617003,which enabled the successful completion of the study.
文摘Final electromagnetic stirring(F-EMS)and thermal soft reduction(TSR)are techniques that improve the inner quality of continuous casting billets,but they have rarely been applied simultaneously.The application effects of F-EMS and TSR were compared,and a process integrating F-EMS and TSR was adopted for a billet continuous caster.A heat transfer model was established to calculate the thermal behavior of 82A tire cord steel billet.The locations of F-EMS and TSR were determined,followed by conducting a series of plant trials,involving F-EMS alone,TSR alone,and the integrated process of F-EMS and TSR.The results showed that F-EMS or TSR could effectively improve the inner quality of the billet under their respective suitable working conditions.Moreover,F-EMS was found to be more helpful in terms of improving central segregation,while TSR tended to improve V-segregation,central porosity,and pipe.The integration of F-EMS and TSR allowed the advantages of each technique to be utilized,thereby better improving the inner quality.Among all the working conditions,82A steel billet showed optimum inner quality when the current of F-EMS was 240 A and the cooling intensity of TSR was 2.2 m^(3) h^(−1).These findings demonstrate that the integration of F-EMS and TSR is promising for application on continuous casting billets.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60673139, 60473073, 60573090)
文摘Deep Web sources contain a large of high-quality and query-related structured date. One of the challenges in the Deep Web is extracting result schemas of Deep Web sources. To address this challenge, this paper describes a novel approach that extracts both result data and the result schema of a Web database. The approach first models the query interface of a Deep Web source and fills in it with a specifically query instance. Then the result pages of the Deep Web sources are formatted in the tree structure to retrieve subtrees that contain elements of the query instance, Next, result schema of the Deep Web source is extracted by matching the subtree＇ nodes with the query instance, in which, a two-phase schema extraction method is adopted for obtaining more accurate result schema. Finally, experiments on real Deep Web sources show the utility of our approach, which provides a high precision and recall.
文摘Search-based software engineering has mainly dealt with automated test data generation by metaheuristic search techniques. Similarly, we try to generate the test data (i.e., problem instances) which show the worst case of algorithms by such a technique. In this paper, in terms of non-functional testing, we re-define the worst case of some algorithms, respectively. By using genetic algorithms (GAs), we illustrate the strategies corresponding to each type of instances. We here adopt three problems for examples;the sorting problem, the 0/1 knapsack problem (0/1KP), and the travelling salesperson problem (TSP). In some algorithms solving these problems, we could find the worst-case instances successfully;the successfulness of the result is based on a statistical approach and comparison to the results by using the random testing. Our tried examples introduce informative guidelines to the use of genetic algorithms in generating the worst-case instance, which is defined in the aspect of algorithm performance.
基金State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology(CEPNT-2017KF-02)the Natural Science Foundation of China(11802119)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(NT2019023)。
文摘Aimed at the problem of final translation of space rendezvous for the applications such as docking,inspection and tracking,optimal straight-line guidance algorithm based on pulse/continuous low-thrust in the context of Clohessy-Wiltshire dynamics is proposed.Two modes of guidance strategy:varying-speed and fixed-speed approaching scheme for V-bar and R-bar approach by using constant/finite low-thrust propulsion respectively are studied,and the corresponding fuel-optimal conditions are obtained.Numerical simulation is conducted to verify and test the proposed algorithms.The results show that there is generally no different between the fuel consumptions by using the two different approaching modes for V-bar case.However,the conclusion for Rbar case is different that the using of continuous low-thrust cost more fuel and transfer time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants No.41372108 and41602110)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(grant No.20133718130001)+1 种基金the Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project(grant No.2015193)the SDUST Research Fund(grant No.2015TDJH101)
文摘Objective The NE China is located in the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）,which is a large accretionary orogen between the Siberian Craton and the North China Craton（NCC）.Many researches have discussed about the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean（PAO）in the eastern CAOB.However,
文摘Aiming at the land cover (features) recognition of outdoor sports venues (football field, basketball court, tennis court and baseball field), this paper proposed a set of object recognition methods and technical flow based on Mask R-CNN. Firstly, through the preprocessing of high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery (HSRRSI) and collecting the artificial samples of outdoor sports venues, the training data set required for object recognition of land cover features was constructed. Secondly, the Mask R-CNN was used as the basic training model to be adapted to cope with outdoor sports venues. Thirdly, the recognition results were compared with the four object-oriented machine learning classification methods in eCognition®. The experiment results of effectiveness verification show that the Mask R-CNN is superior to traditional methods not only in technical procedures but also in outdoor sports venues (football field, basketball court, tennis court and baseball field) recognition results, and it achieves the precision of 0.8927, a recall of 0.9356 and an average precision of 0.9235. Finally, from the aspect of practical engineering application, using and validating the well-trained model, an empirical application experiment was performed on the HSRRSI of Xicheng and Daxing District of Beijing respectively, and the generalization ability of the trained model of Mask R-CNN was thoroughly evaluated.
文摘Background: Pancytopenia is a common hematological parameter detected in Hematology department. It is important to find out the etiology of pancytopenia for the better management of patient. Pancytopenia represents a wide range of age groups and most pancytopenia is purely of bone marrow dysfunction origin. However, other causes such as hypersplenism and SLE are also frequently encountered. Objectives: To differentiate various causes of pancytopenia, to evaluate the hematological parameters in pancytopenic cases, and to analyze clinical manifestations in cases of pancytopenia. Materials and Methods: There were 25 admitted cases of pancytopenia at Affiliated Hospital of Dali University between the calendar year 2013 and 2014. A detail study was done on the basis of age, gender, clinical features, typical laboratory investigations, bone marrow examination, and final diagnosis. Results and Conclusions: Among 25 cases studied, megaloblastic anemia was the common cause of pancytopenia and incidence of megaloblastic anemia was higher in males after 5th decade of life. Pancytopenic cases age was ranging from 15 to 80 years. Fatigue and dizziness were the most common clinical features presented.
文摘In regression, despite being both aimed at estimating the Mean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE), Akaike’s Final Prediction Error (FPE) and the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) selection criteria are usually derived from two quite different perspectives. Here, settling on the most commonly accepted definition of the MSPE as the expectation of the squared prediction error loss, we provide theoretical expressions for it, valid for any linear model (LM) fitter, be it under random or non random designs. Specializing these MSPE expressions for each of them, we are able to derive closed formulas of the MSPE for some of the most popular LM fitters: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), with or without a full column rank design matrix;Ordinary and Generalized Ridge regression, the latter embedding smoothing splines fitting. For each of these LM fitters, we then deduce a computable estimate of the MSPE which turns out to coincide with Akaike’s FPE. Using a slight variation, we similarly get a class of MSPE estimates coinciding with the classical GCV formula for those same LM fitters.
文摘The final contest of 2015 Chinese Young Surgeon Contest--surgery fur gastric cancer was successfully held in Beijing International Conference Center on 27th June, 2015. After the exciting contest among the 12 finalists, the first prize, Theodor Billroth Prize, was taken by Xian Shen from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Open Group, and Jian Zhang from Hangzhou First People＇s Hospital in Endoscope Group.
文摘The Scarlet Letter has been recognized by numerous critics as being one of the greatest of American novels.All the aesthetic effects are perfectly fulfilled by the " final" return of the heroin — Hester Prynne.Since her husband and lover have died,her daughter has been married into a noble family of Europe,why does Hester Prynne return to America,and take up her long forsaken shame? The purpose of the article intends to analyze this question.In brief,the decisive factors in regard to the final return of Hester Prynne include many characteristics of Hester Prynne and revealing of social reality.
基金We acknowledge fruitful discussions with H.P´epin(INRS),V.M´eot,L.Gremillet,X.Davoine(CEA),S.Orlando(INAF),C.Guerrero(Universidad de Sevilla),and Y.Caristan(Universit´e Paris-Saclay).This project received funding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme(Grant Agreement No.787539),and was partly conducted within the LABEX Plas@Par project and supported by Grant Nos.11-IDEX-0004-02 and an ANR-17-CE30-0026 PiNNaCLE grant from Agence Nationale de la Recherche(France).I.P.acknowledges the support of ISF Grant No.1135/15.The research leading to these results is supported by Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)Phase I,a project cofinanced by the Romanian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund.
文摘With the much-anticipated multi-petawatt(PW)laser facilities that are coming online,neutron sources with extreme fluxes could soon be in reach.Such sources would rely on spallation by protons accelerated by the high-intensity lasers.These high neutron fluxes would make possible not only direct measurements of neutron capture andβ-decay rates related to the r-process of nucleosynthesis of heavy elements,but also such nuclear measurements in a hot plasma environment,which would be beneficial for s-process investigations in astrophysically relevant conditions.This could,in turn,finally allow possible reconciliation of the observed element abundances in stars and those derived from simulations,which at present show large discrepancies.Here,we review a possible pathway to reach unprecedented neutron fluxes using multi-PW lasers,as well as strategies to perform measurements to investigate the r-and s-processes of nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in cold matter,as well as in a hot plasma environment.
基金funded by grants from the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2013CB429802)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41390441,41190075, and 41272241)the Chinese Geological Survey(Grant No. 1212011120153)
文摘The Linxi Formation occupies an extensive area in the eastern Inner Mongolia in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）. The Linxi Formation is composed of slate, siltstone, sandstone and plant, lamellibranch microfossils in the associated strata. Major and trace element data （including REE） for sandstones from the formation indicate that these rocks have a greywacke protolith and have been deposited during a strong tectonic activity. LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of detrital zircons yield ages of 1801 to 238 Ma for four samples from the Linxi Formation. 425-585 Ma, together with the ~500 Ma age for the metamorphism event previously determined for Northeast China, indicates that their provenance is the metamorphic rocks of Pan-African age that have a tectonic affinity to NE China. A few older zircons with U-Pb ages at 1689-1801 Ma, 1307 1414 Ma, 593-978 Ma are also present, revealing the Neoproterozoic history of NE China. The youngest population shows a peak at ca. 252 Ma, suggesting that the main deposition of the Linxi Formation was at late Permain. Moreover, the ca. 250 Ma zircon grains of all four samples yield weighted mean ^206pb/^238U ages of 250 ± 3 Ma, 248 ± 3 Ma, 249 ± 3 Ma, and 250 ± 2 Ma, respectively. These ages, together with the youngest zircon age in the sample ZJB-28 （ca. 238 Ma）, suggest that the deposition of the Linxi Formation extended to the early Triassic. Combining with previous results, we suggest that the final collision of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB） in the southern of Linxi Formation, which located in the Solonker-Xra Moron-Changchun suture, and the timing for final collision should be at early Triassic.
文摘Cardiovascular risk factors(CVRF)are very prevalent in the elderly population and in addition to predisposing to cardiovascular disease they are related to functional decline,which limits the quality of life in this population.The objective of this work is to offer a review of the current evidence in the management of CVRF in the elderly population.The search strategy was executed in PubMed,Clinicalstrials.org and Embase,to search for clinical trials,observational cohort or cross-sectional studies,reviews,and clinical practice guidelines focused or including elderly population.The results provided were refined after reading the title and abstract,as well as elimination of duplicates,and were finally identified and assessed following the GRADE methodology.A total of 136 studies were obtained for all predefined risk factors,such as sedentary lifestyle,smoking,obesity and metabolic syndrome,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia and alcohol.We described the results of the studies identified and assessed according to their methodological quality in different recommendation sections:diagnostic and prevention,intervention,or treatment in the elderly population.As the main limitation to the results of this review,there is the lack of quality studies whose target population is elderly patients.This issue limits the recommendations that can be made in this population.Due to this reason,comprehensive geriatric assessment seems the best tool currently available to implement the most appropriate treatment plans based on the baseline situation and comorbidity of each elderly patient.
文摘0 IntroductionThe mathematical problems of fracture of compound materials are very important on practical applica-tions. In this paper, we study the plane welding problems of different anisotropic media with holes,theshape of holes and the interface are arbitrary smooth contours. At first, we establish mathematical models,change it into searching complex stress functions, next, we reduce the primitive problems into boundaryvalue problems, and construct the form of solution, under some general restrictions it is reduced to certainsingular integral equations, finally, the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of which are estab-lished.1 The Representation Formula of Complex Stress
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875127)。
文摘The Mg–Gd–Y–Zn–Zr alloy sheets with different texture characteristics and distribution of the interdendritic long periodstacking ordered(LPSO) phases were fabricated through altering the final rolling reduction(FRR). The results showed that the texture characteristic was closely related to FRR and affected the tensile properties of the resulted sheets to some extent. The Schmid factor(SF) of the basal 〈a〉 slip improved with further FRR, which was ascribed to that the dynamic recrystallization(DRX) grains expand into the deformed grains with basal texture. However, the improvement of the tensile yield strength(TYS) with further FRR indicates that the strengthening effect from DRX grains surpasses the weakening effect from the elevated SF. The formation of the line-distributed interdendritic 14 H-LPSO phases can also affect the tensile properties of the resulted sheets. The line-distributed interdendritic 14 H-LPSO phases along rolling direction(RD) can act as reinforcing fiber and contribute to the higher TYS along RD and 45° to some extent, which resulted in the higher TYS along 45° compared with that along transverse direction(TD) for each resulted sheet under the circumstance of approximate basal 〈a〉 and pyramid 〈c + a〉 friction stress. Thus, the tensile yield strength is not only related to the texture, but also depends on the grain size and line-distributed interdendritic LPSO phases. The micro-cracks spread perpendicular to the tension direction, and thus, the larger cracks form within the line-distributed 14 H-LPSO phases during tension along TD, which accounts for the lower fracture elongation along TD.
