Reading, as an important part of primary school Chinese teaching activities is of great help to the improvement of students comprehensive Chinese literacy. Through reading, students can enrich their knowledge reserves...Reading, as an important part of primary school Chinese teaching activities is of great help to the improvement of students comprehensive Chinese literacy. Through reading, students can enrich their knowledge reserves, expand their horizons, and cultivate their thinking ability. More importantly, through reading, it is of great help to the development of students physical and mental health and the cultivation of correct values and outlook on life. Therefore, it is very important to carry out reading teaching efficiently in primary school Chinese reading teaching. In primary school Chinese teaching in China, the teaching standard of the new curriculum clearly stipulates that students should be helped to understand the meaning of works, feel the characters in articles, and taste the authors language writing style, so that students can resonate with the author from the heart. "Text intensive reading", as a term of Chinese criticism of western literary theory in the 20th century, means to analyze the characteristics of the text from the perspective of semantics, so as to have a deeper understanding of the article, which fits well with the purpose and significance of Chinese teaching in primary schools in China. In the teaching of Chinese reading in primary schools, careful reading of texts can not only improve the reading effect and make students have a deeper understanding of the article, but also cultivate students good reading habits through careful reading of texts, which is of great benefit to students future reading. How to carry out text reading in primary school Chinese reading teaching is described in detail below.展开更多
The fact that Lu Xun is no longer regarded as the most important Chinese writer of the 20th century raises many questions. Is there only one benchmark for good literature, or are there different norms？ To what extent...The fact that Lu Xun is no longer regarded as the most important Chinese writer of the 20th century raises many questions. Is there only one benchmark for good literature, or are there different norms？ To what extent are these norms dictated by the market？ Questions like these relate to the issue of evaluation. Is literature still evaluated according to the internationally recognized definition of ＂modernity＂ that prevailed before World War II, or is it unfair to judge contemporary writers according to standards that dominated before 19497 The reason why contemporary Chinese literature （after 1949） might sometimes seem somehow lacking in comparison with modern Chinese literature （1912-49） might be found in historical changes in the role of the narrator in the novel. Literature after 1949 often returns to the omnipresent narrator, whose comments can be taken for granted. But, in the works of Lu Xun, the reader is often confronted with a narrator who is not reliable. In this way, the literature becomes ambivalent, and it is precisely this ambivalence that makes the literature ＂modern,＂ as the reader has to decide which voice he or she is going to trust. It is also ambivalence which turns a narrating ＇T＇ into a fictional character, which cannot be equated with the （real） author.展开更多
Well developed continuous speech recognition and synthesis systems demand a high quality continuous speech database which is compact and valid, and whose scientific design would benefit from incorporating linguistic a...Well developed continuous speech recognition and synthesis systems demand a high quality continuous speech database which is compact and valid, and whose scientific design would benefit from incorporating linguistic and phonetic knowledge. It is argued that at the present stage the database should be limited to read speech. To describe those very complex variabilities in continuous speech, the following speech units are proposed: (1) 401syllables without tone; (2) 415 inter-syllabic diphones, (3) 3035 inter-syllabic triphones, (4) 781 inter-syllabic final-initial structures. The 17 basic sefltence patterns in standard Chinese are summarized to cover the most important prosodic phenomena. By using the automatic method,2393 sentences and 388 phrases are selected by above phonetic rules from a large corpus, which includes People's Daily in recent years, TV play scripts and dictionary entries, as the reading text of continuous speech recognition database in standard Chinese. This set of sentences and pbrases covers 99.8% syllables without counting tones, 100% inter-syllable diphones, 99.6% inter-syllable triphones and 100% sentence patterns.展开更多
As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in pr...As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in protecting freedom and has constantly wavered over the determination of criminal punishments.Even though it has been constantly challenged,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege should be adhered to and renewed as an important principle of the modem rule of law.First,the principle of de lege lata is being questioned by theories of substantive law,and sources not in the form of law have become the de facto basis of criminal punishment.For this reason,it is necessary to reaffirm the nature of de lege lata as an exclusive source of law.Second,although the possible boundary of the meaning of criminal law texts cannot be clearly delineated empirically,one should not therefore reject the possible boundary of this meaning.The practice of delineating an objective boundary based on empirical facts should be abandoned and normative boundaries should be delineated and justified.Finally,the responsibility for judicial clarity should be recognized and accepted as a supplement to legislative clarity,and a two-tier system of legislative and judicial clarity should be developed.Here,the definite nature of criminal legislation should develop standards in terms of behavioral guidance and judicial restrictions,and clarity in criminal justice should start from the legislative text and establish general secondary rules to make the text more specific,bringing it ever closer to specific and particular case facts,and eventually establishing a relationship of subsumption between the legislative text and the facts of the case.展开更多
文摘Reading, as an important part of primary school Chinese teaching activities is of great help to the improvement of students comprehensive Chinese literacy. Through reading, students can enrich their knowledge reserves, expand their horizons, and cultivate their thinking ability. More importantly, through reading, it is of great help to the development of students physical and mental health and the cultivation of correct values and outlook on life. Therefore, it is very important to carry out reading teaching efficiently in primary school Chinese reading teaching. In primary school Chinese teaching in China, the teaching standard of the new curriculum clearly stipulates that students should be helped to understand the meaning of works, feel the characters in articles, and taste the authors language writing style, so that students can resonate with the author from the heart. "Text intensive reading", as a term of Chinese criticism of western literary theory in the 20th century, means to analyze the characteristics of the text from the perspective of semantics, so as to have a deeper understanding of the article, which fits well with the purpose and significance of Chinese teaching in primary schools in China. In the teaching of Chinese reading in primary schools, careful reading of texts can not only improve the reading effect and make students have a deeper understanding of the article, but also cultivate students good reading habits through careful reading of texts, which is of great benefit to students future reading. How to carry out text reading in primary school Chinese reading teaching is described in detail below.
文摘The fact that Lu Xun is no longer regarded as the most important Chinese writer of the 20th century raises many questions. Is there only one benchmark for good literature, or are there different norms？ To what extent are these norms dictated by the market？ Questions like these relate to the issue of evaluation. Is literature still evaluated according to the internationally recognized definition of ＂modernity＂ that prevailed before World War II, or is it unfair to judge contemporary writers according to standards that dominated before 19497 The reason why contemporary Chinese literature （after 1949） might sometimes seem somehow lacking in comparison with modern Chinese literature （1912-49） might be found in historical changes in the role of the narrator in the novel. Literature after 1949 often returns to the omnipresent narrator, whose comments can be taken for granted. But, in the works of Lu Xun, the reader is often confronted with a narrator who is not reliable. In this way, the literature becomes ambivalent, and it is precisely this ambivalence that makes the literature ＂modern,＂ as the reader has to decide which voice he or she is going to trust. It is also ambivalence which turns a narrating ＇T＇ into a fictional character, which cannot be equated with the （real） author.
文摘Well developed continuous speech recognition and synthesis systems demand a high quality continuous speech database which is compact and valid, and whose scientific design would benefit from incorporating linguistic and phonetic knowledge. It is argued that at the present stage the database should be limited to read speech. To describe those very complex variabilities in continuous speech, the following speech units are proposed: (1) 401syllables without tone; (2) 415 inter-syllabic diphones, (3) 3035 inter-syllabic triphones, (4) 781 inter-syllabic final-initial structures. The 17 basic sefltence patterns in standard Chinese are summarized to cover the most important prosodic phenomena. By using the automatic method,2393 sentences and 388 phrases are selected by above phonetic rules from a large corpus, which includes People's Daily in recent years, TV play scripts and dictionary entries, as the reading text of continuous speech recognition database in standard Chinese. This set of sentences and pbrases covers 99.8% syllables without counting tones, 100% inter-syllable diphones, 99.6% inter-syllable triphones and 100% sentence patterns.
文摘As a product of scientism and rationalism,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege has been subject to changing times and theoretical assumptions.In practice,therefore,it has not been fully able to play its role in protecting freedom and has constantly wavered over the determination of criminal punishments.Even though it has been constantly challenged,the principle of nullum crimen sine lege should be adhered to and renewed as an important principle of the modem rule of law.First,the principle of de lege lata is being questioned by theories of substantive law,and sources not in the form of law have become the de facto basis of criminal punishment.For this reason,it is necessary to reaffirm the nature of de lege lata as an exclusive source of law.Second,although the possible boundary of the meaning of criminal law texts cannot be clearly delineated empirically,one should not therefore reject the possible boundary of this meaning.The practice of delineating an objective boundary based on empirical facts should be abandoned and normative boundaries should be delineated and justified.Finally,the responsibility for judicial clarity should be recognized and accepted as a supplement to legislative clarity,and a two-tier system of legislative and judicial clarity should be developed.Here,the definite nature of criminal legislation should develop standards in terms of behavioral guidance and judicial restrictions,and clarity in criminal justice should start from the legislative text and establish general secondary rules to make the text more specific,bringing it ever closer to specific and particular case facts,and eventually establishing a relationship of subsumption between the legislative text and the facts of the case.
