Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a qua...Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.展开更多
The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monit...The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monitoring xylitol concentration.In this study,the gene encoding the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces emersonii XDH(TeXDH)was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)at 16℃in the soluble form.Recombinant TeXDH with high purity was purified by using a Ni⁃NTA affinity column.Size⁃exclusion chromatography and SDS⁃PAGE analysis demonstrated that the puri⁃fied recombinant TeXDH exists as a native trimer with a molecular mass of approximately 116 kD,and is composed of three identical subunits,each with a molecular weight of around 39 kD.The TeXDH strictly preferred NAD^(+)as a coenzyme to NADP^(+).The optimal temperature and pH of the TeXDH were 40℃and 10.0,respectively.After EDTA treatment,the enzyme activity of TeXDH decreased to 43.26%of the initial enzyme activity,while the divalent metal ions Mg^(2+)or Ca^(2+)could recover the enzyme activity of TeXDH,reaching 103.32%and 110.69%of the initial enzyme activity,respectively,making them the optimal divalent metal ion cofactors for TeXDH enzyme.However,the divalent metal ions of Mn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)significantly inhibited the activity of TeXDH.ICP⁃MS and molecular doc⁃king studies revealed that 1 mol/L of TeXDH bound 2 mol/L Zn^(2+)ions and 1 mol/L Mg^(2+)ion.Further⁃more,TeXDH exhibited a high specificity for xylitol,laying the foundation for the development of future xylitol biosensors.展开更多
Let f be a Hecke eigenform of even integral weight k for the full modular group SL_(2)(Z).Denote byλ_(f)(n)the n th normalized coefficient of f.The sum of Fourier coefficients of cusp form over the quadratic polynomi...Let f be a Hecke eigenform of even integral weight k for the full modular group SL_(2)(Z).Denote byλ_(f)(n)the n th normalized coefficient of f.The sum of Fourier coefficients of cusp form over the quadratic polynomial m^(2)+n^(2) is considered,i.e.,∑_( m^( 2)+n^( 2))≤λ^(2)_( f)(m^(2)+n^(2))=CX+O(X ^(337/491+ϵ)),here X large enough and C is a constant.展开更多
Most material distribution-based topology optimization methods work on a relaxed form of the optimization problem and then push the solution toward the binary limits.However,when benchmarking these methods,researchers...Most material distribution-based topology optimization methods work on a relaxed form of the optimization problem and then push the solution toward the binary limits.However,when benchmarking these methods,researchers use known solutions to only a single form of benchmark problem.This paper proposes a comparison platform for systematic benchmarking of topology optimization methods using both binary and relaxed forms.A greyness measure is implemented to evaluate how far a solution is from the desired binary form.The well-known ZhouRozvany(ZR)problem is selected as the benchmarking problem here,making use of available global solutions for both its relaxed and binary forms.The recently developed non-penalization Smooth-edged Material Distribution for Optimizing Topology(SEMDOT),well-established Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization(SIMP),and continuation methods are studied on this platform.Interestingly,in most cases,the grayscale solutions obtained by SEMDOT demonstrate better performance in dealing with the ZR problem than SIMP.The reasons are investigated and attributed to the usage of two different regularization techniques,namely,the Heaviside smooth function in SEMDOT and the power-law penalty in SIMP.More importantly,a simple-to-use benchmarking graph is proposed for evaluating newly developed topology optimization methods.展开更多
This study explores the variations in address forms within the Tinghu dialect of Yancheng city.The findings reveal that the ways individuals address one another in this region deviate from the established principles o...This study explores the variations in address forms within the Tinghu dialect of Yancheng city.The findings reveal that the ways individuals address one another in this region deviate from the established principles of tone sandhi theory.In Chinese phonology,it is generally assumed that individual characters serve as fundamental forms based on their standard pronunciations,with real-time pronunciations adapting to phonetic conditions.However,the study of address forms has not traditionally been integrated into this framework.Observations indicate that a wide range of addressing methods is employed in social interactions,reflecting the complexity of regional cultural traits and social dynamics.This research highlights the distinctive features of address forms in the Tinghu dialect,particularly in terms of tone sandhi,vocative expressions,and indirect address.By examining these unique characteristics,the study enhances our understanding of the principles governing tonal changes in Chinese.Furthermore,it offers valuable insights into the preservation and inheritance of regional dialects.展开更多
Cassirer argues that humans are animals of symbols,and these symbolic forms encompass not only the science of rational logic but also non-logical elements such as mythology and primitive religions.Previous research on...Cassirer argues that humans are animals of symbols,and these symbolic forms encompass not only the science of rational logic but also non-logical elements such as mythology and primitive religions.Previous research on Cassirer’s philosophy of symbolic forms has primarily focused on philosophical connotations,philosophical thoughts,cultural philosophy,and other aspects,yielding abundant results.By examining mythology within the context of symbolic forms,we discover a force within it,namely,the solidifying power.This solidifying power demands that mythology maintain fixed and established forms during its emergence and development,thereby distinguishing it from other symbolic forms.By exploring the development trends and manifestations of the solidifying power in mythology,we can gain a clearer understanding of the path of human intellectual development from childhood to maturity,thus answering the historical question of human essence.展开更多
In this paper,we study the basic p-harmonic forms on the complete foliated Riemannian manifolds.By using the method in[1],we show that if the basic mean curvature form is bounded and co-closed,and the transversal curv...In this paper,we study the basic p-harmonic forms on the complete foliated Riemannian manifolds.By using the method in[1],we show that if the basic mean curvature form is bounded and co-closed,and the transversal curvature operator is nonnegative and positive at least one point,then we obtain a vanishing theorem for L^(p)-integrably p-harmonic r-forms.展开更多
Background:Glioblastoma(GBM)remains themost aggressive primary brain tumour in adults,marked by pronounced cellular heterogeneity,diffuse infiltration,and resistance to conventional treatment.In recent years,transcrip...Background:Glioblastoma(GBM)remains themost aggressive primary brain tumour in adults,marked by pronounced cellular heterogeneity,diffuse infiltration,and resistance to conventional treatment.In recent years,transcriptomic profiling has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern the progression of glioblastoma.This systematic review aims to synthesise the current literature on dysregulated gene expression in GBM,focusing on gene signatures associatedwith stemness,immunemodulation,extracellularmatrix remodelling,metabolic adaptation,and therapeutic resistance.Methods:We conducted a systematic search of PubMed,The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA),and the GlioVis portal for studies published between January 2005 and April 2025,limited to English-language reports.Studies were eligible if they included adult glioblastoma tissue or patient-derived datasets and reported gene-level expression or clinical associations.Reviews,commentaries,and studies on non-GBM gliomas were excluded.Screening followed the PRISMA 2020 checklist,with 410 records initially identified,90 duplicates removed,and 125 studies retained after full-text review.Data were synthesised descriptively,and findings were validated against TCGA/CGGA expression datasets to ensure consistency across cohorts.Results:We categorised recurrently dysregulated genes by their biological function,including transcription factors(SOX2,ZEB2),growth factor receptors(EGFR,PDGFRA),immune-related markers(PD-L1,TAP1,B2M),extracellular matrix regulators(MMP2,LAMC1,HAS2),and metabolic genes(SLC7A11,PRMT5,NRF2).For each group,we examine the functional consequences of transcriptional alterations and their role in driving key glioblastoma phenotypes,including angiogenesis,immunosuppression,invasiveness,and recurrence.Conclusion:We further discuss the prognostic implications of these gene signatures and evaluate their potential utility in precisionmedicine,including current clinical trials that target molecular pathways identified through transcriptomic data.This review highlights the power of gene expression profiling to stratify glioblastoma subtypes and improve personalised therapeutic strategies.展开更多
In Japan,manga expression theory has developed over more than half a century into a major subfield within Japanese manga studies and has been widely applied in the practice of manga criticism.As a methodological appro...In Japan,manga expression theory has developed over more than half a century into a major subfield within Japanese manga studies and has been widely applied in the practice of manga criticism.As a methodological approach to manga research,it has been deeply influenced by semiotics,rejecting text-centered or narrative-centered paradigms in favor of examining manga’s intrinsic principles and inherent structures.Originating from the theoretical groundwork laid by JunzōIshiko(石子順造),further refined by scholars such as Fusanosuke Natsume(夏目房之介)and Osamu Takeuchi(竹内オサム),and later expanded and reinterpreted by GōItō(伊藤剛)and Tomoyo Iwashita(岩下朋世),manga expression theory has developed into a rich and diverse intellectual landscape.However,significant internal divergences remain within the field,making it necessary to distinguish and analyze both its diachronic evolution and synchronic configuration.展开更多
Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,g...Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,gene therapy and so on[1].As a eukaryotic system,IC-BEVS has great development prospects due to its advantages such as high safety,simple operation,simultaneous expression of multi-subunit proteins,and suitability for large-scale cultivation[2].展开更多
As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally ...As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally activated,which is associated with multiple critical processes of tumor cells,including proliferation,apoptosis,immune evasion,DNA damage repair,and metastasis.The abnormal expression of MAGE family genes in multiple cancers and their multifaceted roles in tumor biology have made them an important target in cancer research and treatment.This review comprehensively explores various aspects of the relationship between the MAGE family and cancer,including the molecular characteristics of its members,transcriptional regulation mechanisms,expression patterns in different cancers,phenotypes and oncogenic mechanisms,poor clinical prognosis and potential as targets for immunotherapy.The expression patterns of these genes are closely linked to the clinical features of tumors,providing molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic assessment of cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND ANAPC1,a key regulator of the ubiquitination in tumour development,has not been thoroughly studied in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To elucidate the expression of ANAPC1 in HCC and its potential regulat...BACKGROUND ANAPC1,a key regulator of the ubiquitination in tumour development,has not been thoroughly studied in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To elucidate the expression of ANAPC1 in HCC and its potential regulatory mechanism related to ubiquitination.METHODS Bulk RNA(RNA sequencing and microarrays),immunohistochemistry(IHC)tissues,and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data were integrated to comprehensively investigate ANAPC1 expression in HCC.Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats analysis was performed to assess growth in HCC cell lines following ANAPC1 knockout.Enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the functions of ANAPC1.ScRNA-seq data was used to examine the cell cycle and metabolic levels.CellChat analysis was applied to investigate the interactions between ANAPC1 and different cell types.The relationship between ANAPC1 expression and drug concentration was analyzed.RESULTS ANAPC1 messenger RNA was found to be upregulated in bulk RNA,IHC tissues samples and malignant hepatocytes.The proliferation of JHH2 cell lines was most significantly inhibited after ANAPC1 knockdown.In biological pathways,the development of HCC was found to be linked to the regulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.Additionally,scRNA-seq results indicated that highly expressed ANAPC1 was in the G2/M phase,with increased glycolysis/gluconeogenesis activity.A CellChat analysis showed that ANAPC1 was associated with the regulation of the migration inhibitory factor-(cluster of differentiation 74+C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4)pathway.Higher ANAPC1 expression correlated with stronger effects of sorafenib,dasatinib,ibrutinib,lapatinib,nilotinib and afatinib.CONCLUSION The high expression level of ANAPC1 may regulate the cell cycle and metabolic levels of HCC through the ubiquitination-related pathway,thereby promoting disease progression.展开更多
This study is based on wireless optogenetic technology,utilizing the CRY2/CIB1 photosensitive system to achieve spatiotemporal control of PD-L1 expression.In vitro experiments showed that the surface PD-L1 positivity ...This study is based on wireless optogenetic technology,utilizing the CRY2/CIB1 photosensitive system to achieve spatiotemporal control of PD-L1 expression.In vitro experiments showed that the surface PD-L1 positivity rate of cells increased from 28.6±3.1%to 67.3±5.4%(P<0.001).In animal experiments,the terminal tumor volume in the light exposure group was 450±90 mm3,with a tumor inhibition rate of approximately 49.4%(P<0.001),and the median survival was extended to 32 days(compared to 24 days in the control group,P=0.004).Immunological tests revealed a significant increase in CD8+T cell infiltration(112±18 vs 52±10 cells/HPF,P<0.01),a 30%decrease in the proportion of Tregs(P<0.05),and an increase in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio to 1.8.The results suggest that the wireless optogenetic system can not only precisely regulate PD-L1 but also remodel the tumor immune microenvironment,providing a new approach for precise immunotherapy of GBM.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression level of interleukin-17D(IL-17D)in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia and its correlation with disease severity.Methods:This study included 50 patients with severe pneu...Objective:To investigate the expression level of interleukin-17D(IL-17D)in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia and its correlation with disease severity.Methods:This study included 50 patients with severe pneumonia who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital from May 2024 to May 2025.The expression level of IL-17D in the serum of all patients was recorded.Patients were divided into severe and mild groups based on their disease severity.Gender,age,disease duration,presence of fever,atelectasis,pneumothorax,interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-17D were selected as independent variables.Statistical software SPSS 22.00 was used for univariate analysis,and variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the correlation between IL-17D and the severity of severe pneumonia.Results:The results of this study showed that the level of IL-17D in patients with severe pneumonia was significantly higher than the normal threshold.Univariate analysis indicated that atelectasis,IL-2,IL-6,and IL-17D were statistically significant(P<0.05)and could be considered as influencing factors for the severity of severe pneumonia.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that atelectasis(OR=2.141,95%CI:1.684–2.391),IL-2(OR=2.884,95%CI:2.240–3.614),IL-6(OR=2.571,95%CI:2.190–2.943),and IL-17D(OR=2.416,95%CI:2.093–2.735)were positively correlated with the severity of severe pneumonia.Conclusion:The expression level of IL-17D in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia is higher than the normal threshold and is positively correlated with disease severity.展开更多
Short tandem repeats(STRs)modulate gene expression and contribute to trait variation.However,a systematic evaluation of the genomic characteristics of STRs has not been conducted,and their influence on gene expression...Short tandem repeats(STRs)modulate gene expression and contribute to trait variation.However,a systematic evaluation of the genomic characteristics of STRs has not been conducted,and their influence on gene expression in rice remains unclear.Here,we construct a map of 137,629 polymorphic STRs in the rice(Oryza sativa L.)genome using a population-scale resequencing dataset.A genome-wide survey encompassing 4726 accessions shows that the occurrence frequency,mutational patterns,chromosomal distribution,and functional properties of STRs are correlated with the sequences and lengths of repeat motifs.Leveraging a transcriptome dataset from 127 rice accessions,we identify 44,672 expression STRs(eSTRs)by modeling gene expression in response to the length variation of STRs.These eSTRs are notably enriched in the regulatory regions of genes with active transcriptional signatures.Population analysis identifies numerous STRs that have undergone genetic divergence among different rice groups and 1726 tagged STRs that may be associated with agronomic traits.By editing the(ACT)_(7) STR in OsFD1 promoter,we further experimentally validate its role in regulating gene expression and phenotype.Our study highlights the contribution of STRs to transcriptional regulation in plants and establishes the foundation for their potential use as alternative targets for genetic improvement.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia(AML)remains poor,underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms.AIM To assess the significance of SOX11 gene expression in t...BACKGROUND The prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia(AML)remains poor,underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms.AIM To assess the significance of SOX11 gene expression in the clinical features,response to treatment,and survival outcomes of adult patients with AML.METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 102 adults with AML.SOX11 gene expression in bone marrow samples was measured using real-time PCR.Data were correlated to the patients’clinical features,response to treatment,and survival rates.RESULTS Increased SOX11 expression was significantly associated with the presence of the FLT3-ITD mutation(P<0.001),the FAB-M2 subtype(P=0.008),and cytogenetic abnormalities(P=0.011).However,no significant association was found between SOX11 expression and other clinical laboratory parameters,complete remission,disease-free survival,or overall survival.CONCLUSION SOX11 expression may serve as a marker to identify specific subsets of AML patients who could benefit from intensive targeted chemotherapy.展开更多
Referring expression comprehension(REC)aims to locate a specific region in an image described by a natural language.Existing two-stage methods generate multiple candidate proposals in the first stage,followed by selec...Referring expression comprehension(REC)aims to locate a specific region in an image described by a natural language.Existing two-stage methods generate multiple candidate proposals in the first stage,followed by selecting one of these proposals as the grounding result in the second stage.Nevertheless,the number of candidate proposals generated in the first stage significantly exceeds ground truth and the recall of critical objects is inadequate,thereby enormously limiting the overall network performance.To address the above issues,the authors propose an innovative method termed Separate Non-Maximum Suppression(Sep-NMS)for two-stage REC.Particularly,Sep-NMS models information from the two stages independently and collaboratively,ultimately achieving an overall improvement in comprehension and identification of the target objects.Specifically,the authors propose a Ref-Relatedness module for filtering referent proposals rigorously,decreasing the redundancy of referent proposals.A CLIP†Relatedness module based on robust multimodal pre-trained encoders is built to precisely assess the relevance between language and proposals to improve the recall of critical objects.It is worth mentioning that the authors are the pioneers in utilising a multimodal pre-training model for proposal filtering in the first stage.Moreover,an Information Fusion module is designed to effectively amalgamate the multimodal information across two stages,ensuring maximum uti-lisation of the available information.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the approach achieves competitive performance with previous state-of-the-art methods.The datasets used are publicly available:RefCOCO,RefCOCO+:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46475-6_5 and RefCOCOg:https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2016.9.展开更多
Background Mobile element variants(MEVs)have a significant and complex impact on genomic diversity and phe-notypic traits.However,the quantity,distribution,and relationship with gene expression and complex traits of M...Background Mobile element variants(MEVs)have a significant and complex impact on genomic diversity and phe-notypic traits.However,the quantity,distribution,and relationship with gene expression and complex traits of MEVs in the pig genome remain poorly understood.Results We constructed the most comprehensive porcine MEV library based on high-depth whole genome sequencing(WGS)data from 747 pigs across 59 breeds worldwide.This database identified a total of 147,993 poly-morphic MEVs,including 121,099 short interspersed nuclear elements(SINEs),26,053 long interspersed nuclear elements(LINEs),802 long terminal repeats(LTRs),and 39 other transposons,among which 54%are newly discovered.We found that MEVs are unevenly distributed across the genome and are strongly influenced by negative selec-tion effects.Importantly,we identified 514,530,and 584 candidate MEVs associated with population differentiation,domestication,and breed formation,respectively.For example,a significantly differentiated MEV is located in the ATRX intron between Asian and European pigs,whereas ATRX is also differentially expressed between Asian and European pigs in muscle tissue.In addition,we identified 4,169 expressed MEVs(eMEVs)significantly associated with gene expression and 6,914 splicing MEVs(sMEVs)associated with gene splicing based on RNA-seq data from 266 porcine liver tissues.These eMEVs and sMEVs explain 6.24%and 9.47%,respectively,of the observed cis-heritability and high-light the important role of MEVs in the regulation of gene expression.Finally,we provide a high-quality SNP–MEV reference haplotype panel to impute MEV genotypes from genome-wide SNPs.Notably,we identified a candidate MEV significantly associated with total teat number,demonstrating the functionality of this reference panel.Conclusions The present investigation demonstrated the importance of MEVs in pigs in terms of population diversity,gene expression and phenotypic traits,which may provide useful resources and theoretical support for pig genetics and breeding.展开更多
This study explores the integration path of ideological and political education in the course Design Thinking and Expression of environmental art design,aiming to enhance students’innovative thinking,social responsib...This study explores the integration path of ideological and political education in the course Design Thinking and Expression of environmental art design,aiming to enhance students’innovative thinking,social responsibility,and awareness of sustainable development.Based on the core philosophy of design thinking(people-oriented,problem-solving,and interdisciplinary collaboration)and the elements of ideological and political education in courses(moral education,cultural confidence,sustainable development,and social equity),the study proposes implementation paths for optimizing course objectives,adjusting course content,innovating teaching methods,and optimizing the evaluation system.Through project-based learning,situational teaching,and interdisciplinary collaboration,combined with practical cases such as historical district renewal,environmental design for rural revitalization,and green commercial space design,it has been verified that the effective integration of ideological and political elements in courses can enhance students’cultural identity,sense of social responsibility,and design innovation ability.This study provides theoretical support and practical demonstration for the ideological and political reform of environmental art design courses.In the future,interdisciplinary collaboration can be further deepened,social practice applications can be expanded,the evaluation system can be improved,and the systematic development of ideological and political courses can be promoted.展开更多
基金2024 Provincial Teaching Reform Program for Graduate Students in the Second Batch of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Zhejiang Provincial Office of Education:Innovation and Practice of“Six Synergistic”Graduate Teaching Guided by Educator’s Spirit(No.JGCG2024406)Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Science Planning:Research on an interdisciplinary teaching model to promote students’computational thinking from multiple analytical perspectives[No.2025SB103].
文摘Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.
基金湖南省教育厅基金优秀青年项目(No.22B0482)湖南科技大学博士启动基金(No.E51992 and E51993)资助。
文摘The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monitoring xylitol concentration.In this study,the gene encoding the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces emersonii XDH(TeXDH)was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)at 16℃in the soluble form.Recombinant TeXDH with high purity was purified by using a Ni⁃NTA affinity column.Size⁃exclusion chromatography and SDS⁃PAGE analysis demonstrated that the puri⁃fied recombinant TeXDH exists as a native trimer with a molecular mass of approximately 116 kD,and is composed of three identical subunits,each with a molecular weight of around 39 kD.The TeXDH strictly preferred NAD^(+)as a coenzyme to NADP^(+).The optimal temperature and pH of the TeXDH were 40℃and 10.0,respectively.After EDTA treatment,the enzyme activity of TeXDH decreased to 43.26%of the initial enzyme activity,while the divalent metal ions Mg^(2+)or Ca^(2+)could recover the enzyme activity of TeXDH,reaching 103.32%and 110.69%of the initial enzyme activity,respectively,making them the optimal divalent metal ion cofactors for TeXDH enzyme.However,the divalent metal ions of Mn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)significantly inhibited the activity of TeXDH.ICP⁃MS and molecular doc⁃king studies revealed that 1 mol/L of TeXDH bound 2 mol/L Zn^(2+)ions and 1 mol/L Mg^(2+)ion.Further⁃more,TeXDH exhibited a high specificity for xylitol,laying the foundation for the development of future xylitol biosensors.
基金Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Youth Foundation(Grant No.222300420034)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11871193).
文摘Let f be a Hecke eigenform of even integral weight k for the full modular group SL_(2)(Z).Denote byλ_(f)(n)the n th normalized coefficient of f.The sum of Fourier coefficients of cusp form over the quadratic polynomial m^(2)+n^(2) is considered,i.e.,∑_( m^( 2)+n^( 2))≤λ^(2)_( f)(m^(2)+n^(2))=CX+O(X ^(337/491+ϵ)),here X large enough and C is a constant.
文摘Most material distribution-based topology optimization methods work on a relaxed form of the optimization problem and then push the solution toward the binary limits.However,when benchmarking these methods,researchers use known solutions to only a single form of benchmark problem.This paper proposes a comparison platform for systematic benchmarking of topology optimization methods using both binary and relaxed forms.A greyness measure is implemented to evaluate how far a solution is from the desired binary form.The well-known ZhouRozvany(ZR)problem is selected as the benchmarking problem here,making use of available global solutions for both its relaxed and binary forms.The recently developed non-penalization Smooth-edged Material Distribution for Optimizing Topology(SEMDOT),well-established Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization(SIMP),and continuation methods are studied on this platform.Interestingly,in most cases,the grayscale solutions obtained by SEMDOT demonstrate better performance in dealing with the ZR problem than SIMP.The reasons are investigated and attributed to the usage of two different regularization techniques,namely,the Heaviside smooth function in SEMDOT and the power-law penalty in SIMP.More importantly,a simple-to-use benchmarking graph is proposed for evaluating newly developed topology optimization methods.
文摘This study explores the variations in address forms within the Tinghu dialect of Yancheng city.The findings reveal that the ways individuals address one another in this region deviate from the established principles of tone sandhi theory.In Chinese phonology,it is generally assumed that individual characters serve as fundamental forms based on their standard pronunciations,with real-time pronunciations adapting to phonetic conditions.However,the study of address forms has not traditionally been integrated into this framework.Observations indicate that a wide range of addressing methods is employed in social interactions,reflecting the complexity of regional cultural traits and social dynamics.This research highlights the distinctive features of address forms in the Tinghu dialect,particularly in terms of tone sandhi,vocative expressions,and indirect address.By examining these unique characteristics,the study enhances our understanding of the principles governing tonal changes in Chinese.Furthermore,it offers valuable insights into the preservation and inheritance of regional dialects.
文摘Cassirer argues that humans are animals of symbols,and these symbolic forms encompass not only the science of rational logic but also non-logical elements such as mythology and primitive religions.Previous research on Cassirer’s philosophy of symbolic forms has primarily focused on philosophical connotations,philosophical thoughts,cultural philosophy,and other aspects,yielding abundant results.By examining mythology within the context of symbolic forms,we discover a force within it,namely,the solidifying power.This solidifying power demands that mythology maintain fixed and established forms during its emergence and development,thereby distinguishing it from other symbolic forms.By exploring the development trends and manifestations of the solidifying power in mythology,we can gain a clearer understanding of the path of human intellectual development from childhood to maturity,thus answering the historical question of human essence.
基金supported by Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(202102021174)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515012121).The second author was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230900)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30924010838)Both authors are partially supported by NSF in China(12141104).
文摘In this paper,we study the basic p-harmonic forms on the complete foliated Riemannian manifolds.By using the method in[1],we show that if the basic mean curvature form is bounded and co-closed,and the transversal curvature operator is nonnegative and positive at least one point,then we obtain a vanishing theorem for L^(p)-integrably p-harmonic r-forms.
文摘Background:Glioblastoma(GBM)remains themost aggressive primary brain tumour in adults,marked by pronounced cellular heterogeneity,diffuse infiltration,and resistance to conventional treatment.In recent years,transcriptomic profiling has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern the progression of glioblastoma.This systematic review aims to synthesise the current literature on dysregulated gene expression in GBM,focusing on gene signatures associatedwith stemness,immunemodulation,extracellularmatrix remodelling,metabolic adaptation,and therapeutic resistance.Methods:We conducted a systematic search of PubMed,The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA),and the GlioVis portal for studies published between January 2005 and April 2025,limited to English-language reports.Studies were eligible if they included adult glioblastoma tissue or patient-derived datasets and reported gene-level expression or clinical associations.Reviews,commentaries,and studies on non-GBM gliomas were excluded.Screening followed the PRISMA 2020 checklist,with 410 records initially identified,90 duplicates removed,and 125 studies retained after full-text review.Data were synthesised descriptively,and findings were validated against TCGA/CGGA expression datasets to ensure consistency across cohorts.Results:We categorised recurrently dysregulated genes by their biological function,including transcription factors(SOX2,ZEB2),growth factor receptors(EGFR,PDGFRA),immune-related markers(PD-L1,TAP1,B2M),extracellular matrix regulators(MMP2,LAMC1,HAS2),and metabolic genes(SLC7A11,PRMT5,NRF2).For each group,we examine the functional consequences of transcriptional alterations and their role in driving key glioblastoma phenotypes,including angiogenesis,immunosuppression,invasiveness,and recurrence.Conclusion:We further discuss the prognostic implications of these gene signatures and evaluate their potential utility in precisionmedicine,including current clinical trials that target molecular pathways identified through transcriptomic data.This review highlights the power of gene expression profiling to stratify glioblastoma subtypes and improve personalised therapeutic strategies.
文摘In Japan,manga expression theory has developed over more than half a century into a major subfield within Japanese manga studies and has been widely applied in the practice of manga criticism.As a methodological approach to manga research,it has been deeply influenced by semiotics,rejecting text-centered or narrative-centered paradigms in favor of examining manga’s intrinsic principles and inherent structures.Originating from the theoretical groundwork laid by JunzōIshiko(石子順造),further refined by scholars such as Fusanosuke Natsume(夏目房之介)and Osamu Takeuchi(竹内オサム),and later expanded and reinterpreted by GōItō(伊藤剛)and Tomoyo Iwashita(岩下朋世),manga expression theory has developed into a rich and diverse intellectual landscape.However,significant internal divergences remain within the field,making it necessary to distinguish and analyze both its diachronic evolution and synchronic configuration.
文摘Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,gene therapy and so on[1].As a eukaryotic system,IC-BEVS has great development prospects due to its advantages such as high safety,simple operation,simultaneous expression of multi-subunit proteins,and suitability for large-scale cultivation[2].
基金supported by Startup Fund for Young Faculty at SJTU(SFYF at SJTU)(No.24X010500176).
文摘As a member of the Cancer-Testis Antigens,the Melanoma-associated antigen(MAGE)family is typically expressed in normal tissues such as the testis.However,in various types of tumor cells,their expression is abnormally activated,which is associated with multiple critical processes of tumor cells,including proliferation,apoptosis,immune evasion,DNA damage repair,and metastasis.The abnormal expression of MAGE family genes in multiple cancers and their multifaceted roles in tumor biology have made them an important target in cancer research and treatment.This review comprehensively explores various aspects of the relationship between the MAGE family and cancer,including the molecular characteristics of its members,transcriptional regulation mechanisms,expression patterns in different cancers,phenotypes and oncogenic mechanisms,poor clinical prognosis and potential as targets for immunotherapy.The expression patterns of these genes are closely linked to the clinical features of tumors,providing molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic assessment of cancer.
基金Co-first authors:Yu-Xing Tang 0000-0003-4382-4942Co-first authors:Wei-Zi Wu+8 种基金Corresponding author:Gang Chen,MD,Professor,Department of Pathology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,No.6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning 530021,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.chengang@gxmu.edu.cn,0000-0003-2402-2987Co-corresponding authors:Yan-Ting ZhanSheng-Sheng Zhou,0000-0003-2414-460XDa-Tong Zeng,0000-0002-3338-4122Guang-Cai Zheng,0009-0001-5921-6688Rong-Quan He,0000-0002-7752-2080Di-Yuan Qin,0009-0003-3214-4762Wan-Ying Huang,0000-0002-8314-5963Yu-Lu Tang,0009-0004-0462-618X。
文摘BACKGROUND ANAPC1,a key regulator of the ubiquitination in tumour development,has not been thoroughly studied in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To elucidate the expression of ANAPC1 in HCC and its potential regulatory mechanism related to ubiquitination.METHODS Bulk RNA(RNA sequencing and microarrays),immunohistochemistry(IHC)tissues,and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data were integrated to comprehensively investigate ANAPC1 expression in HCC.Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats analysis was performed to assess growth in HCC cell lines following ANAPC1 knockout.Enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the functions of ANAPC1.ScRNA-seq data was used to examine the cell cycle and metabolic levels.CellChat analysis was applied to investigate the interactions between ANAPC1 and different cell types.The relationship between ANAPC1 expression and drug concentration was analyzed.RESULTS ANAPC1 messenger RNA was found to be upregulated in bulk RNA,IHC tissues samples and malignant hepatocytes.The proliferation of JHH2 cell lines was most significantly inhibited after ANAPC1 knockdown.In biological pathways,the development of HCC was found to be linked to the regulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.Additionally,scRNA-seq results indicated that highly expressed ANAPC1 was in the G2/M phase,with increased glycolysis/gluconeogenesis activity.A CellChat analysis showed that ANAPC1 was associated with the regulation of the migration inhibitory factor-(cluster of differentiation 74+C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4)pathway.Higher ANAPC1 expression correlated with stronger effects of sorafenib,dasatinib,ibrutinib,lapatinib,nilotinib and afatinib.CONCLUSION The high expression level of ANAPC1 may regulate the cell cycle and metabolic levels of HCC through the ubiquitination-related pathway,thereby promoting disease progression.
文摘This study is based on wireless optogenetic technology,utilizing the CRY2/CIB1 photosensitive system to achieve spatiotemporal control of PD-L1 expression.In vitro experiments showed that the surface PD-L1 positivity rate of cells increased from 28.6±3.1%to 67.3±5.4%(P<0.001).In animal experiments,the terminal tumor volume in the light exposure group was 450±90 mm3,with a tumor inhibition rate of approximately 49.4%(P<0.001),and the median survival was extended to 32 days(compared to 24 days in the control group,P=0.004).Immunological tests revealed a significant increase in CD8+T cell infiltration(112±18 vs 52±10 cells/HPF,P<0.01),a 30%decrease in the proportion of Tregs(P<0.05),and an increase in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio to 1.8.The results suggest that the wireless optogenetic system can not only precisely regulate PD-L1 but also remodel the tumor immune microenvironment,providing a new approach for precise immunotherapy of GBM.
基金Chongqing Shapingba District Technology Innovation Project(Project No.:2024046)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression level of interleukin-17D(IL-17D)in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia and its correlation with disease severity.Methods:This study included 50 patients with severe pneumonia who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital from May 2024 to May 2025.The expression level of IL-17D in the serum of all patients was recorded.Patients were divided into severe and mild groups based on their disease severity.Gender,age,disease duration,presence of fever,atelectasis,pneumothorax,interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-17D were selected as independent variables.Statistical software SPSS 22.00 was used for univariate analysis,and variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the correlation between IL-17D and the severity of severe pneumonia.Results:The results of this study showed that the level of IL-17D in patients with severe pneumonia was significantly higher than the normal threshold.Univariate analysis indicated that atelectasis,IL-2,IL-6,and IL-17D were statistically significant(P<0.05)and could be considered as influencing factors for the severity of severe pneumonia.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that atelectasis(OR=2.141,95%CI:1.684–2.391),IL-2(OR=2.884,95%CI:2.240–3.614),IL-6(OR=2.571,95%CI:2.190–2.943),and IL-17D(OR=2.416,95%CI:2.093–2.735)were positively correlated with the severity of severe pneumonia.Conclusion:The expression level of IL-17D in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia is higher than the normal threshold and is positively correlated with disease severity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172010)the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research(2019B030302006).
文摘Short tandem repeats(STRs)modulate gene expression and contribute to trait variation.However,a systematic evaluation of the genomic characteristics of STRs has not been conducted,and their influence on gene expression in rice remains unclear.Here,we construct a map of 137,629 polymorphic STRs in the rice(Oryza sativa L.)genome using a population-scale resequencing dataset.A genome-wide survey encompassing 4726 accessions shows that the occurrence frequency,mutational patterns,chromosomal distribution,and functional properties of STRs are correlated with the sequences and lengths of repeat motifs.Leveraging a transcriptome dataset from 127 rice accessions,we identify 44,672 expression STRs(eSTRs)by modeling gene expression in response to the length variation of STRs.These eSTRs are notably enriched in the regulatory regions of genes with active transcriptional signatures.Population analysis identifies numerous STRs that have undergone genetic divergence among different rice groups and 1726 tagged STRs that may be associated with agronomic traits.By editing the(ACT)_(7) STR in OsFD1 promoter,we further experimentally validate its role in regulating gene expression and phenotype.Our study highlights the contribution of STRs to transcriptional regulation in plants and establishes the foundation for their potential use as alternative targets for genetic improvement.
文摘BACKGROUND The prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia(AML)remains poor,underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms.AIM To assess the significance of SOX11 gene expression in the clinical features,response to treatment,and survival outcomes of adult patients with AML.METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 102 adults with AML.SOX11 gene expression in bone marrow samples was measured using real-time PCR.Data were correlated to the patients’clinical features,response to treatment,and survival rates.RESULTS Increased SOX11 expression was significantly associated with the presence of the FLT3-ITD mutation(P<0.001),the FAB-M2 subtype(P=0.008),and cytogenetic abnormalities(P=0.011).However,no significant association was found between SOX11 expression and other clinical laboratory parameters,complete remission,disease-free survival,or overall survival.CONCLUSION SOX11 expression may serve as a marker to identify specific subsets of AML patients who could benefit from intensive targeted chemotherapy.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62076032).
文摘Referring expression comprehension(REC)aims to locate a specific region in an image described by a natural language.Existing two-stage methods generate multiple candidate proposals in the first stage,followed by selecting one of these proposals as the grounding result in the second stage.Nevertheless,the number of candidate proposals generated in the first stage significantly exceeds ground truth and the recall of critical objects is inadequate,thereby enormously limiting the overall network performance.To address the above issues,the authors propose an innovative method termed Separate Non-Maximum Suppression(Sep-NMS)for two-stage REC.Particularly,Sep-NMS models information from the two stages independently and collaboratively,ultimately achieving an overall improvement in comprehension and identification of the target objects.Specifically,the authors propose a Ref-Relatedness module for filtering referent proposals rigorously,decreasing the redundancy of referent proposals.A CLIP†Relatedness module based on robust multimodal pre-trained encoders is built to precisely assess the relevance between language and proposals to improve the recall of critical objects.It is worth mentioning that the authors are the pioneers in utilising a multimodal pre-training model for proposal filtering in the first stage.Moreover,an Information Fusion module is designed to effectively amalgamate the multimodal information across two stages,ensuring maximum uti-lisation of the available information.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the approach achieves competitive performance with previous state-of-the-art methods.The datasets used are publicly available:RefCOCO,RefCOCO+:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46475-6_5 and RefCOCOg:https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2016.9.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1000103)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF under Grant Number GZC20240620.
文摘Background Mobile element variants(MEVs)have a significant and complex impact on genomic diversity and phe-notypic traits.However,the quantity,distribution,and relationship with gene expression and complex traits of MEVs in the pig genome remain poorly understood.Results We constructed the most comprehensive porcine MEV library based on high-depth whole genome sequencing(WGS)data from 747 pigs across 59 breeds worldwide.This database identified a total of 147,993 poly-morphic MEVs,including 121,099 short interspersed nuclear elements(SINEs),26,053 long interspersed nuclear elements(LINEs),802 long terminal repeats(LTRs),and 39 other transposons,among which 54%are newly discovered.We found that MEVs are unevenly distributed across the genome and are strongly influenced by negative selec-tion effects.Importantly,we identified 514,530,and 584 candidate MEVs associated with population differentiation,domestication,and breed formation,respectively.For example,a significantly differentiated MEV is located in the ATRX intron between Asian and European pigs,whereas ATRX is also differentially expressed between Asian and European pigs in muscle tissue.In addition,we identified 4,169 expressed MEVs(eMEVs)significantly associated with gene expression and 6,914 splicing MEVs(sMEVs)associated with gene splicing based on RNA-seq data from 266 porcine liver tissues.These eMEVs and sMEVs explain 6.24%and 9.47%,respectively,of the observed cis-heritability and high-light the important role of MEVs in the regulation of gene expression.Finally,we provide a high-quality SNP–MEV reference haplotype panel to impute MEV genotypes from genome-wide SNPs.Notably,we identified a candidate MEV significantly associated with total teat number,demonstrating the functionality of this reference panel.Conclusions The present investigation demonstrated the importance of MEVs in pigs in terms of population diversity,gene expression and phenotypic traits,which may provide useful resources and theoretical support for pig genetics and breeding.
基金“Curriculum Ideological and Political Education”Demonstration Project of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications:Design Thinking and Expression(Environmental Design)(XKCSZ2251)Construction and Practice of the Ability Training System for“Internet+”Design Talents to Serve Rural Revitalization(233231)。
文摘This study explores the integration path of ideological and political education in the course Design Thinking and Expression of environmental art design,aiming to enhance students’innovative thinking,social responsibility,and awareness of sustainable development.Based on the core philosophy of design thinking(people-oriented,problem-solving,and interdisciplinary collaboration)and the elements of ideological and political education in courses(moral education,cultural confidence,sustainable development,and social equity),the study proposes implementation paths for optimizing course objectives,adjusting course content,innovating teaching methods,and optimizing the evaluation system.Through project-based learning,situational teaching,and interdisciplinary collaboration,combined with practical cases such as historical district renewal,environmental design for rural revitalization,and green commercial space design,it has been verified that the effective integration of ideological and political elements in courses can enhance students’cultural identity,sense of social responsibility,and design innovation ability.This study provides theoretical support and practical demonstration for the ideological and political reform of environmental art design courses.In the future,interdisciplinary collaboration can be further deepened,social practice applications can be expanded,the evaluation system can be improved,and the systematic development of ideological and political courses can be promoted.
