Different forms of programmed cell death have been described to participate in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Given the critical role that disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis...Different forms of programmed cell death have been described to participate in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Given the critical role that disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis plays in the pathogenesis of PD,apoptosis can be reasonably considered as one of the cell death pathways involved in neuronal loss(Schon and Przedborski,2011).Multiple lines of evidence support that proposal such as the observations in postmortem human brain samples of PD patients including mitochondrial complex I deficiency,reactive oxygen species generation,and oxidative damage to lipids,proteins,and DNA,among others.展开更多
Climate change and environmental degradation threaten the world and global economic conditions.As one of countries’most important economic components,the financial sector might be an effective tool for reducing and e...Climate change and environmental degradation threaten the world and global economic conditions.As one of countries’most important economic components,the financial sector might be an effective tool for reducing and even reversing environmental degradation.The financial sector can affect sustainability through its lending and investment practices.The sector can play a role in financing sustainable projects and businesses,helping reduce CO_(2) emissions.By aligning its financial objectives with environmental protection,the financial sector can support the transition to a more sustainable future by helping reduce environmental degradation’s negative impacts.This paper examines the domestic financial sector’s impact on CO_(2) emissions in the United States over the 1990:Q1–2022:Q3 period.In this research,the nexus between the domestic financial sector(total debt securities,loans,liabilities,and total financial assets)and Carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S.is investigated by Morlet wavelet analysis.Rest of the world:sector discrepancy transactions,rest of the world:debt securities and loans,gross domestic product,and the square of the gross domestic product,are control variables in the estimated models.Partial wavelet coherency analyses prove that the financial sector reduces CO_(2) emissions at the 5–8-year frequency band during different subsample periods.The financial sector’s instruments can be effective in struggling with climate change.展开更多
Since the idea of embodied artificial intelligence was born,the U.S.has been an international frontrunner in the research and development(R&D)and application of the technology,while China has been a capable chaser...Since the idea of embodied artificial intelligence was born,the U.S.has been an international frontrunner in the research and development(R&D)and application of the technology,while China has been a capable chaser in recent years,particularly in the area of humanoid robots.展开更多
If there were any doubts about the Trump administration’s inherent obsession with decoupling,polarization and jolting of global trade,they can be laid to rest.A series of statements and measures have been made by the...If there were any doubts about the Trump administration’s inherent obsession with decoupling,polarization and jolting of global trade,they can be laid to rest.A series of statements and measures have been made by the U.S.government on economic relations with China including administrative decision to hit Chinese goods with additional tariffs despite China.展开更多
The automatic algorithm programming model can increase the dependability and efficiency of algorithm program development,including specification generation,program refinement,and formal verification.However,the existi...The automatic algorithm programming model can increase the dependability and efficiency of algorithm program development,including specification generation,program refinement,and formal verification.However,the existing model has two flaws:incompleteness of program refinement and inadequate automation of formal verification.This paper proposes an automatic algorithm programming model based on the improved Morgan’s refinement calculus.It extends the Morgan’s refinement calculus rules and designs the C++generation system for realizing the complete process of refinement.Meanwhile,the automation tools VCG(Verification Condition Generator)and Isabelle are used to improve the automation of formal verification.An example of a stock’s maximum income demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.Furthermore,the proposed model has some relevance for automatic software generation.展开更多
After Donald Trump returned to the White House,the U.S.government launched a host of measures of“tariff wars”.In addition to announcing tariffs on goods imported to the United States from Canada,Mexico and China,the...After Donald Trump returned to the White House,the U.S.government launched a host of measures of“tariff wars”.In addition to announcing tariffs on goods imported to the United States from Canada,Mexico and China,the government also imposed trade restrictions on specific industries including steel,aluminum and copper,as well as advanced plan for“reciprocal tariffs”.Donald Trump claimed that a“tariff war”would correct trade imbalances,boost government revenue and promote the reshoring of manufacturing to the United States.By leveraging tariffs,the U.S.also attempts to achieve goals in border security,illegal immigration and fentanyl control.Undoubtedly at a central position in Trump’s second term in office,the“tariff war”will exert impacts far beyond economic and trade policies and upon the direction of China-U.S.relations.展开更多
Since the end of the Cold War,the core goal of U.S.policy toward Africa has been to build its influence on the continent through development assistance and trade preferences attached with political conditionalities,de...Since the end of the Cold War,the core goal of U.S.policy toward Africa has been to build its influence on the continent through development assistance and trade preferences attached with political conditionalities,defined as“assistance for concessions”.After the September 11 attacks,counterterrorism became a priority in U.S.national security strategy,being one of the three pillars of U.S.policy toward Africa alongside assistance and trade.展开更多
The study believes teaching is a communication and exchange process between teachers and students,and the quality of teaching depends on communication qualities,especially whether theories,ideas,and methods are accura...The study believes teaching is a communication and exchange process between teachers and students,and the quality of teaching depends on communication qualities,especially whether theories,ideas,and methods are accurately transmitted from teachers to students.In programming course teaching,there are losses of the original meaning of the English textbook after being translated into Chinese.In order to avoid the loss of original meaning,the study uses original English textbook for the software programming teaching.In the language choice for specific documentation and programming descriptions,the study emphasizes the choice of the inventor’s language.Based on practice,the study summarized the principle of the Language Oriented Approach of Teaching Programming Skills,and outlined the main points and structure of this approach,concluding the prerequisites for its use.Also,the categories of Language Oriented Approach are mentioned.The study shed light on attributing the use of AI,such as the emerging ChatGPT applications,to the Language Oriented Approach.展开更多
While celebrating 50 years of diplomatic ties,China and the EU are deepening their strategic partnership to counter U.S.-China tensions and Europe’s own geopolitical and economic challenges.
The current global economic and trade landscape is undergoing profound changes.Since the outbreak of the China-US trade friction in 2018,the United States has systematically promoted the“de-Sinicizat ion”strategy in...The current global economic and trade landscape is undergoing profound changes.Since the outbreak of the China-US trade friction in 2018,the United States has systematically promoted the“de-Sinicizat ion”strategy in the supply chain through measures such as imposing tariffs,exercising technology blockades,and setting up industrial subsidy barriers.Chinese products,including automot ive par ts and elect ronic equipment,have been significantly impacted.展开更多
We often hear statements like“the market raises expectations for central bank interest rate cuts,resulting in higher commodity prices”.Given the current situation,the People’s Bank of China might adopt a more accom...We often hear statements like“the market raises expectations for central bank interest rate cuts,resulting in higher commodity prices”.Given the current situation,the People’s Bank of China might adopt a more accommodative monetary policy to mitigate the impact of the China-U.S.trade friction.Will this further easing of the monetary environment lead to an increase in natural gas prices?展开更多
The two topics of the article seem to have absolutely nothing to do with each other and,as can be expected in a contribution in honor and memory of Prof.Fritz Ackermann,they are linked in his person.Vision-based Navig...The two topics of the article seem to have absolutely nothing to do with each other and,as can be expected in a contribution in honor and memory of Prof.Fritz Ackermann,they are linked in his person.Vision-based Navigation was the focus of the doctoral thesis written by the author,the 29th and last PhD thesis supervised by Prof.Ackermann.The International Master’s Program Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics,which the author established with colleagues at Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences(HfT Stuttgart)in 1999,was a consequence of Prof.Ackermann’s benevolent promotion of international knowledge transfer in teaching.Both topics are reflected in this article;they provide further splashes of color in Prof.Ackermann’s oeuvre.展开更多
While the nursing community generally agrees that the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree will strengthen nursing as an academic discipline, there is little known about students’ perceptions of the advanced de...While the nursing community generally agrees that the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree will strengthen nursing as an academic discipline, there is little known about students’ perceptions of the advanced degree. Nursing students enrolled in an accelerated master’s program in nursing (N = 45) were surveyed to assess their knowledge of the DNP degree while also identifying the perceived effect a DNP might have on their careers, on nursing as a discipline, and on public perceptions of nursing practice. In this study, 51% of participants supported the transition to the DNP as the standard degree for practice nursing while 29% were opposed. The majority of participants (71%) planned to pursue an advanced practice nursing degree/certification with 81% of this group signifying that they would do so even if a DNP is required. The majority of participants agreed that the DNP will improve public perception of advanced practice nursing, but 71% thought the title of “doctor” would confuse patients. While current nursing students are generally informed of the upcoming DNP transition, there is disagreement regarding its implications for their careers and for the extent of public understanding.展开更多
In view of the current situation that offline teaching is the main mode of teaching Java Programming in higher vocational schools,this paper introduces the online and offline hybrid teaching method and expounds it fro...In view of the current situation that offline teaching is the main mode of teaching Java Programming in higher vocational schools,this paper introduces the online and offline hybrid teaching method and expounds it from the aspects of blended learning design,teaching organization,and implementation.At the same time,combined with the characteristics of blended learning,this paper proposes that under the new mode,teachers should actively change the form of teaching and research,the teaching mode,and the role of teachers,take students as the center,and build an independent and effective classroom.展开更多
To study gene control mechanisms in Xenopus embryos, we analyzed polyamines, cloned SAMDC (S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase), a key enzyme of polyamine metabolism, and microinjected its mRNA into Xenopus fertilized ...To study gene control mechanisms in Xenopus embryos, we analyzed polyamines, cloned SAMDC (S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase), a key enzyme of polyamine metabolism, and microinjected its mRNA into Xenopus fertilized eggs. The microinjection induced a large increase in SAMDC activity, exhaustion of the substrate SAM (S-adenosylmethionine), and execution of apoptosis at the stage called midblastula transition (MBT). By tracing GFP (green fluorescence protein)-marked apoptotic cells, we reached a conclusion that the apoptosis provides pre-blastula embryos with a fail-safe mechanism of early development. We analyzed caspase mRNAs and found that caspase-9 and -3 mRNAs are maternal mRNA and activation of caspase-9 is one of the key steps for the execution of the apoptosis. We also found that over- expression of caspase-8, and in addition p53, a tumor suppressor protein, also induces apoptosis at MBT, just like the overexpression of SAMDC and caspase-9 does. The apoptosis induced by p53 was suppressed by Xdm-2, a negative regulator of p53, and by a peptide inhibitor and a dominant-negative type mutant of caspase-9, but not by those of caspase-8. By contrast, apoptosis induced by SAMDC was suppressed by peptide inhibitors and dominant-negative mutants of both caspase-9 and caspase-8, but not by Xdm-2. Unlike caspase-9 mRNA, caspase-8 mRNA was not a maternal mRNA, but newly expressed during cleavage stage (pre-MBT stage) only in embryos overexpressed with SAMDC. In SAMDC-induced apoptotic embryos activities to process procaspase-8 and procaspase-9 appeared, whereas in p53-induced apoptotic embryos only activity to process procaspase-9 appeared. Thus, Xenopus embryos have at least two pathways to execute the maternal program of apoptosis: One induced by SAMDC overexpression through activation of caspase-9 and do novo expression of caspase-8 gene, and the other induced by p53 overexpression through activation of caspase-9 but not caspase-8. In Xenopus embryos, it has long been believed that zygotic genes are silent until MBT, but results obtained with caspase-8 may provide a novel example of gene expression before MBT.展开更多
The Proposal for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for China＇s Economic and Social Development （2011-2015）（herein after referred to as the ＂Proposed Plan＂ for short） provides a complete range of guidelines for China＇...The Proposal for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for China＇s Economic and Social Development （2011-2015）（herein after referred to as the ＂Proposed Plan＂ for short） provides a complete range of guidelines for China＇s im-mediate and long-term development.展开更多
基金supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Española de Investigación(PID2021-124096OB-I00)(to JLV)JGR was granted by Demensfonden,The Royal Physiografic Society of Lund,Neurofonden,The Greta och Johan Kocks stiftelser,and Bertil och Ebon Norlins stiftelse.
文摘Different forms of programmed cell death have been described to participate in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Given the critical role that disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis plays in the pathogenesis of PD,apoptosis can be reasonably considered as one of the cell death pathways involved in neuronal loss(Schon and Przedborski,2011).Multiple lines of evidence support that proposal such as the observations in postmortem human brain samples of PD patients including mitochondrial complex I deficiency,reactive oxygen species generation,and oxidative damage to lipids,proteins,and DNA,among others.
文摘Climate change and environmental degradation threaten the world and global economic conditions.As one of countries’most important economic components,the financial sector might be an effective tool for reducing and even reversing environmental degradation.The financial sector can affect sustainability through its lending and investment practices.The sector can play a role in financing sustainable projects and businesses,helping reduce CO_(2) emissions.By aligning its financial objectives with environmental protection,the financial sector can support the transition to a more sustainable future by helping reduce environmental degradation’s negative impacts.This paper examines the domestic financial sector’s impact on CO_(2) emissions in the United States over the 1990:Q1–2022:Q3 period.In this research,the nexus between the domestic financial sector(total debt securities,loans,liabilities,and total financial assets)and Carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S.is investigated by Morlet wavelet analysis.Rest of the world:sector discrepancy transactions,rest of the world:debt securities and loans,gross domestic product,and the square of the gross domestic product,are control variables in the estimated models.Partial wavelet coherency analyses prove that the financial sector reduces CO_(2) emissions at the 5–8-year frequency band during different subsample periods.The financial sector’s instruments can be effective in struggling with climate change.
文摘Since the idea of embodied artificial intelligence was born,the U.S.has been an international frontrunner in the research and development(R&D)and application of the technology,while China has been a capable chaser in recent years,particularly in the area of humanoid robots.
文摘If there were any doubts about the Trump administration’s inherent obsession with decoupling,polarization and jolting of global trade,they can be laid to rest.A series of statements and measures have been made by the U.S.government on economic relations with China including administrative decision to hit Chinese goods with additional tariffs despite China.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61862033,61902162)Key Project of Science and Technology Research of Department of Education of Jiangxi Province(GJJ210307)Postgraduate Innovation Fund Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(YC2021-S306)。
文摘The automatic algorithm programming model can increase the dependability and efficiency of algorithm program development,including specification generation,program refinement,and formal verification.However,the existing model has two flaws:incompleteness of program refinement and inadequate automation of formal verification.This paper proposes an automatic algorithm programming model based on the improved Morgan’s refinement calculus.It extends the Morgan’s refinement calculus rules and designs the C++generation system for realizing the complete process of refinement.Meanwhile,the automation tools VCG(Verification Condition Generator)and Isabelle are used to improve the automation of formal verification.An example of a stock’s maximum income demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.Furthermore,the proposed model has some relevance for automatic software generation.
文摘After Donald Trump returned to the White House,the U.S.government launched a host of measures of“tariff wars”.In addition to announcing tariffs on goods imported to the United States from Canada,Mexico and China,the government also imposed trade restrictions on specific industries including steel,aluminum and copper,as well as advanced plan for“reciprocal tariffs”.Donald Trump claimed that a“tariff war”would correct trade imbalances,boost government revenue and promote the reshoring of manufacturing to the United States.By leveraging tariffs,the U.S.also attempts to achieve goals in border security,illegal immigration and fentanyl control.Undoubtedly at a central position in Trump’s second term in office,the“tariff war”will exert impacts far beyond economic and trade policies and upon the direction of China-U.S.relations.
文摘Since the end of the Cold War,the core goal of U.S.policy toward Africa has been to build its influence on the continent through development assistance and trade preferences attached with political conditionalities,defined as“assistance for concessions”.After the September 11 attacks,counterterrorism became a priority in U.S.national security strategy,being one of the three pillars of U.S.policy toward Africa alongside assistance and trade.
文摘The study believes teaching is a communication and exchange process between teachers and students,and the quality of teaching depends on communication qualities,especially whether theories,ideas,and methods are accurately transmitted from teachers to students.In programming course teaching,there are losses of the original meaning of the English textbook after being translated into Chinese.In order to avoid the loss of original meaning,the study uses original English textbook for the software programming teaching.In the language choice for specific documentation and programming descriptions,the study emphasizes the choice of the inventor’s language.Based on practice,the study summarized the principle of the Language Oriented Approach of Teaching Programming Skills,and outlined the main points and structure of this approach,concluding the prerequisites for its use.Also,the categories of Language Oriented Approach are mentioned.The study shed light on attributing the use of AI,such as the emerging ChatGPT applications,to the Language Oriented Approach.
文摘While celebrating 50 years of diplomatic ties,China and the EU are deepening their strategic partnership to counter U.S.-China tensions and Europe’s own geopolitical and economic challenges.
文摘The current global economic and trade landscape is undergoing profound changes.Since the outbreak of the China-US trade friction in 2018,the United States has systematically promoted the“de-Sinicizat ion”strategy in the supply chain through measures such as imposing tariffs,exercising technology blockades,and setting up industrial subsidy barriers.Chinese products,including automot ive par ts and elect ronic equipment,have been significantly impacted.
文摘We often hear statements like“the market raises expectations for central bank interest rate cuts,resulting in higher commodity prices”.Given the current situation,the People’s Bank of China might adopt a more accommodative monetary policy to mitigate the impact of the China-U.S.trade friction.Will this further easing of the monetary environment lead to an increase in natural gas prices?
文摘The two topics of the article seem to have absolutely nothing to do with each other and,as can be expected in a contribution in honor and memory of Prof.Fritz Ackermann,they are linked in his person.Vision-based Navigation was the focus of the doctoral thesis written by the author,the 29th and last PhD thesis supervised by Prof.Ackermann.The International Master’s Program Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics,which the author established with colleagues at Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences(HfT Stuttgart)in 1999,was a consequence of Prof.Ackermann’s benevolent promotion of international knowledge transfer in teaching.Both topics are reflected in this article;they provide further splashes of color in Prof.Ackermann’s oeuvre.
文摘While the nursing community generally agrees that the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree will strengthen nursing as an academic discipline, there is little known about students’ perceptions of the advanced degree. Nursing students enrolled in an accelerated master’s program in nursing (N = 45) were surveyed to assess their knowledge of the DNP degree while also identifying the perceived effect a DNP might have on their careers, on nursing as a discipline, and on public perceptions of nursing practice. In this study, 51% of participants supported the transition to the DNP as the standard degree for practice nursing while 29% were opposed. The majority of participants (71%) planned to pursue an advanced practice nursing degree/certification with 81% of this group signifying that they would do so even if a DNP is required. The majority of participants agreed that the DNP will improve public perception of advanced practice nursing, but 71% thought the title of “doctor” would confuse patients. While current nursing students are generally informed of the upcoming DNP transition, there is disagreement regarding its implications for their careers and for the extent of public understanding.
基金This study was supported by the General Project of Ganzhou Social Science Research in 2021-Research on the Transformation of Teaching and Research Form of Professional Teachers in the Blending Learning Mode of Colleges and Universities-Taking the Course“Java Programming”as an Example(Project Number:2021-028-0323).
文摘In view of the current situation that offline teaching is the main mode of teaching Java Programming in higher vocational schools,this paper introduces the online and offline hybrid teaching method and expounds it from the aspects of blended learning design,teaching organization,and implementation.At the same time,combined with the characteristics of blended learning,this paper proposes that under the new mode,teachers should actively change the form of teaching and research,the teaching mode,and the role of teachers,take students as the center,and build an independent and effective classroom.
文摘To study gene control mechanisms in Xenopus embryos, we analyzed polyamines, cloned SAMDC (S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase), a key enzyme of polyamine metabolism, and microinjected its mRNA into Xenopus fertilized eggs. The microinjection induced a large increase in SAMDC activity, exhaustion of the substrate SAM (S-adenosylmethionine), and execution of apoptosis at the stage called midblastula transition (MBT). By tracing GFP (green fluorescence protein)-marked apoptotic cells, we reached a conclusion that the apoptosis provides pre-blastula embryos with a fail-safe mechanism of early development. We analyzed caspase mRNAs and found that caspase-9 and -3 mRNAs are maternal mRNA and activation of caspase-9 is one of the key steps for the execution of the apoptosis. We also found that over- expression of caspase-8, and in addition p53, a tumor suppressor protein, also induces apoptosis at MBT, just like the overexpression of SAMDC and caspase-9 does. The apoptosis induced by p53 was suppressed by Xdm-2, a negative regulator of p53, and by a peptide inhibitor and a dominant-negative type mutant of caspase-9, but not by those of caspase-8. By contrast, apoptosis induced by SAMDC was suppressed by peptide inhibitors and dominant-negative mutants of both caspase-9 and caspase-8, but not by Xdm-2. Unlike caspase-9 mRNA, caspase-8 mRNA was not a maternal mRNA, but newly expressed during cleavage stage (pre-MBT stage) only in embryos overexpressed with SAMDC. In SAMDC-induced apoptotic embryos activities to process procaspase-8 and procaspase-9 appeared, whereas in p53-induced apoptotic embryos only activity to process procaspase-9 appeared. Thus, Xenopus embryos have at least two pathways to execute the maternal program of apoptosis: One induced by SAMDC overexpression through activation of caspase-9 and do novo expression of caspase-8 gene, and the other induced by p53 overexpression through activation of caspase-9 but not caspase-8. In Xenopus embryos, it has long been believed that zygotic genes are silent until MBT, but results obtained with caspase-8 may provide a novel example of gene expression before MBT.
文摘The Proposal for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for China＇s Economic and Social Development （2011-2015）（herein after referred to as the ＂Proposed Plan＂ for short） provides a complete range of guidelines for China＇s im-mediate and long-term development.
