Blockchain technology is increasingly popular and has been widely applied in many industrial fields,due to its unique properties of decentralization,immutability,and traceability.Blockchain systems in different fields...Blockchain technology is increasingly popular and has been widely applied in many industrial fields,due to its unique properties of decentralization,immutability,and traceability.Blockchain systems in different fields vary,with different block structures,consensus mechanisms and access permission models.These differences make it hard for different blockchain systems to interoperate with each other,which isolates them.Cross-chain technologies have been developed to solve this isolation problem in order to improve the interoperability of blockchains.Although some surveys on cross-chain technologies can be found,they are unable to keep up with the latest research progress due to their extremely fast pace of development.Moreover,the literature misses general criteria to evaluate the quality of cross-chain technologies.In this paper,a comprehensive literature review of cross-chain technologies is conducted by employing a comprehensive set of evaluation criteria.The preliminaries on blockchain interoperability are first presented.Then,a set of evaluation criteria is proposed in terms of security,privacy,performance,and functionality.The latest cutting-edge works are reviewed based on the proposed taxonomy of cross-chain technologies and their performance is evaluated against our proposed criteria.Finally,some open issues and future directions of cross-chain research are pointed out.展开更多
As the core information infrastructure of modern information warfare,the offensive and defensive confrontations of satellite navigation systems have given rise to navigation warfare,which focuses on seizing control of...As the core information infrastructure of modern information warfare,the offensive and defensive confrontations of satellite navigation systems have given rise to navigation warfare,which focuses on seizing control of navigation resources.Based on the space segment,control segment,and user segment of satellite navigation systems,this paper systematically constructs an offensive-defensive technology system for navigation warfare,and deeply analyzes core measures such as signal enhancement and suppression,autonomous navigation and link jamming,anti-jamming reception,and integrated navigation.It extracts key technologies including adaptive nulling antennas,joint filtering,and multi-dimensional combined jamming,and discusses the technical effectiveness of these technologies by incorporating relevant cases.The advantages of navigation warfare stem from multi-segment coordination and technological inte-gration.In the future,the development directions of navigation warfare will focus on three aspects:enhancing satellite capabilities,tackling core technical challenges,and building a multi-dimensional system.展开更多
Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have fac...Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have facilitated the establishment of smart wards for diabetes patients.There is a lack of smart wards tailored specifically for older diabetes patients who encounter unique challenges in glycemic control and diabetes management,including an increased vulnerability to hypoglycemia,the presence of multiple chronic diseases,and cognitive decline.In this review,studies on digital health technologies for diabetes in China and beyond were summarized to elucidate how the adoption of digital health technologies,such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring,sensor-augmented pump technology,and their integration with 5th generation networks,big data cloud storage,and hospital information systems,can address issues specifically related to elderly diabetes patients in hospital wards.Furthermore,the challenges and future directions for establishing and implementing smart wards for elderly diabetes patients are discussed,and these challenges may also be applicable to other countries worldwide,not just in China.Taken together,the smart wards may enhance clinical outcomes,address specific issues,and eventually improve patient-centered hospital care for elderly patients with diabetes.展开更多
The 6G smart Fog Radio Access Network(F-RAN)is an integration of 6G network intelligence technologies and the F-RAN architecture.Its aim is to provide low-latency and high-performance services for massive access devic...The 6G smart Fog Radio Access Network(F-RAN)is an integration of 6G network intelligence technologies and the F-RAN architecture.Its aim is to provide low-latency and high-performance services for massive access devices.However,the performance of current 6G network intelligence technologies and its level of integration with the architecture,along with the system-level requirements for the number of access devices and limitations on energy consumption,have impeded further improvements in the 6G smart F-RAN.To better analyze the root causes of the network problems and promote the practical development of the network,this study used structured methods such as segmentation to conduct a review of the topic.The research results reveal that there are still many problems in the current 6G smart F-RAN.Future research directions and difficulties are also discussed.展开更多
The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of...The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical(RIDCI),was held in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province.The event brought together over 230 representatives from government agencies,industry associations,and leading enterprises to contribute insights for the high-quality development of China's daily chemical industry.展开更多
Measuring the lifecycle of low-carbon energy technologies is critical to better understanding the innovation pattern.However,previous studies on lifecycle either focus on technical details or just provide a general ov...Measuring the lifecycle of low-carbon energy technologies is critical to better understanding the innovation pattern.However,previous studies on lifecycle either focus on technical details or just provide a general overview,due to the lack of connection with innovation theories.This article attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the lifecycle from a combinatorial innovation perspective,based on patent data of ten low-carbon energy technologies in China from 1999 to 2018.The problem of estimating lifecycle stages can be transformed into analyzing the rise and fall of knowledge combinations.By building the international patent classification(IPC)co-occurrence matrix,this paper demonstrates the lifecycle evolution of technologies and develops an efficient quantitative index to define lifecycle stages.The mathematical measurement can effectively reflect the evolutionary pattern of technologies.Additionally,this article relates the macro evolution of lifecycle to the micro dynamic mechanism of technology paradigms.The sign of technology maturity is that new inventions tend to follow the patterns established by prior ones.Following this logic,this paper identifies different trends of paradigms in each technology field and analyze their transition.Furthermore,catching-up literature shows that drastic transformation of technology paradigms may open“windows of opportunity”for laggard regions.From the results of this paper,it is clear to see that latecomers can catch up with pioneers especially when there is a radical change in paradigms.Therefore,it is important for policy makers to capture such opportunities during the technology lifecycle and coordinate regional innovation resources.展开更多
This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which w...This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.展开更多
As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a ...As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.展开更多
Purpose–This paper aims to systematically review the evolution of inspection technologies and equipment for heavy-haul railway infrastructure,with a focus on China’s Shuohuang Railway and Daqin Railway.It summarizes...Purpose–This paper aims to systematically review the evolution of inspection technologies and equipment for heavy-haul railway infrastructure,with a focus on China’s Shuohuang Railway and Daqin Railway.It summarizes the technological progression from traditional manual inspections to integrated and intelligent inspection systems,analyzes their practical application outcomes and outlines future research directions to support the safe,efficient and sustainable operation of heavy-haul railways.Design/methodology/approach–The study employs a combination of historical and empirical analysis,primarily drawing on academic literature and operational data from Shuohuang Railway.The development of inspection technologies is categorized into two distinct phases:traditional inspection and integrated inspection.The comprehensive effectiveness of these technologies is evaluated based on actual inspection efficiency,defect detection capability,cost savings and other relevant data.Findings–The adoption of integrated inspection vehicles has significantly improved inspection efficiency and accuracy.In 2014,the world’s first heavy-haul integrated inspection vehicle enabled synchronous multidisciplinary inspections,greatly reducing reliance on manual labor.By 2024,the intelligent heavy-haul integrated inspection vehicle further enhanced detection precision by 30%.Practical applications demonstrate that the annual number of track defects decreased from 25,000 to 3,800,while the track quality index(TQI)remained stable below 6 mm.Additionally,annual maintenance costs were reduced by more than 40 m yuan.Originality/value–This paper provides the first systematic review of the development of inspection technologies for heavy-haul railway infrastructure,highlighting China’s leading achievements in integrated and intelligent inspection.It clarifies the practical value of these technologies in enhancing safety,reducing costs and optimizing maintenance operations.Furthermore,it proposes future directions for development,including system integration,onboard computing capabilities and unmanned operations,offering valuable insights for technological innovation and policymaking in the field.展开更多
Rare earth elements(REEs),with their unique magnetic,optical,and electrical properties,have become indispensable strategic resources.Widely applied in critical fields such as aviation,telecommunications,electronics,en...Rare earth elements(REEs),with their unique magnetic,optical,and electrical properties,have become indispensable strategic resources.Widely applied in critical fields such as aviation,telecommunications,electronics,energy,transportation,and medicine,REEs play a vital role in advancing technology and driving social and economic development.However,the REE industry faces numerous challenges,including unbalanced resource distribution,supply and demand imbalances,international competition,technological limitations,and associated environmental pollution.This paper,incorporating both the historical evolution and current state of the REE industry,provides a comprehensive examination of the chemistry,applications,resources,technologies,challenges,and prospects of REEs.Specifically,it analyzes China's REE industry,which holds the largest global reserves and production capacity.As a key feature,this paper introduces the Tai Chi model for sustainable development in the REE industry,offering an in-depth analysis of two primary approaches—mining and recycling;the four critical participants—governments,enterprises,researchers,and consumers;and the eight essential influencing factors—resources,energy,environment,policy,applications,technology,supply and demand,and economy.The Tai Chi model not only clarifies the responsibilities and significance of each individual but also highlights their interconnectedness,providing a compelling framework for envisioning the sustainable development of the REE industry.Moreover,the paper identifies the major challenges currently facing the industry and offers insights into the future development of REEs.As such,this work contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted REE landscape and underscores the importance of sustainable practices to ensure REEs'lasting positive impact on the global industry.展开更多
With the rapid development of science and technology,new sensing technology has been used increasingly in mechatronics system,for the system of intelligent,automation and efficiency,provide strong support.Emerging sen...With the rapid development of science and technology,new sensing technology has been used increasingly in mechatronics system,for the system of intelligent,automation and efficiency,provide strong support.Emerging sensor technology in electromechanical integration system of innovative applications not only promote the system of intelligent upgrade,also for its wide application in the field of multiple provides a strong support,and along with the advance of technology and application scenario development,emerging sensor technology in electromechanical integration system to play a more important role.In this regard,this paper first expounds the overview of emerging sensing technology,then analyzes the innovation and integration of emerging sensing technology and mechatronics system,and finally further explores the practical application of emerging sensing technology in mechatronics system,in order to provide some reference for relevant researchers.展开更多
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a dynamic progression during growth,which requires long-term collaborations and efforts from clinicians,patients and their families.It would be beneficial to have a precise inter...Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a dynamic progression during growth,which requires long-term collaborations and efforts from clinicians,patients and their families.It would be beneficial to have a precise intervention based on cross-scale understandings of the etiology,real-time sensing and actuating to enable early detection,screening and personalized treatment.We argue that merging computational intelligence and wearable technologies can bridge the gap between the current trajectory of the techniques applied to AIS and this vision.Wearable technologies such as inertial measurement units(IMUs)and surface electromyography(sEMG)have shown great potential in monitoring spinal curvature and muscle activity in real-time.For instance,IMUs can track the kinematics of the spine during daily activities,while sEMG can detect asymmetric muscle activation patterns that may contribute to scoliosis progression.Computational intelligence,particularly deep learning algorithms,can process these multi-modal data streams to identify early signs of scoliosis and adapt treatment strategies dynamically.By using their combination,we can find potential solutions for a better understanding of the disease,a more effective and intelligent way for treatment and rehabilitation.展开更多
Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green developm...Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green development—centered on sustainability principles and green targets—has focused on green living,production,industrial optimization,system-building,land-use planning,and global ecological objectives,thereby forming a uniquely Chinese green development framework.Similarly,the low-carbon economy,structured around carbon emission goals,development drivers,models of growth,management mechanisms,and international carbon responsibilities,has also developed a distinct framework.Introducing digital intelligence as a new dimension can serve as a coupling point to foster interactive mechanisms between green development and the low-carbon economy.These interactive mechanisms are reflected through smart green cloud collaboration systems and intelligent low-carbon governance platforms,using digital intelligence technology to enhance the synergy between green and low-carbon efforts in energy,carbon management,technology,innovation,governance,and the economy.Through analyzing these mechanisms,and returning to sustainability principles while responding to China's modern development philosophy,a uniquely Chinese theory and framework for green and low-carbon development can be constructed.展开更多
Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained promi...Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained prominence across various engineering sectors,including the manufacturing and construction industries.Specifically,road engineering has demonstrated a growing interest in DT and has achieved promising results in DT-related applications over the past several years.This paper systematically introduces the development of DT and examines its current state in road engineering by reviewing research articles on DT-enabling technologies,such as model creation,condition sensing,data processing,and interaction,as well as its applications throughout the lifecycle of road infrastructure.The findings indicate that research has primarily focused on data perception and virtual model creation,while realtime data processing and interaction between physical and virtual models remain underexplored.DT in road engineering has been predominantly applied during the operation and maintenance phases,with limited attention given to the construction and demolition phases.Future efforts should focus on establishing uniform standards,developing innovative perception and data interaction techniques,optimizing development costs,and expanding the scope of lifecycle applications to facilitate the digital transformation of road engineering.This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art advancements in this field and paves the way for leveraging DT in road infrastructure lifecycle management.展开更多
Building HVAC equipment installation is vital for indoor comfort,energy efficiency,and environmental quality.Key technologies like vibration control,pipe network alignment,and thermal stress compensation,along with a ...Building HVAC equipment installation is vital for indoor comfort,energy efficiency,and environmental quality.Key technologies like vibration control,pipe network alignment,and thermal stress compensation,along with a multi-faceted quality standards framework,are crucial.Effective process management,practical application analysis,and the integration of robotics,IoT,and AI enhance quality and efficiency.Sustainable development strategies and lifecycle-oriented quality management are also essential for future progress.展开更多
The increase in the population as a whole gradually requires solving the issues of continuous development of the agro-industrial complex in all directions and components.This development is accompanied by an increase ...The increase in the population as a whole gradually requires solving the issues of continuous development of the agro-industrial complex in all directions and components.This development is accompanied by an increase in energy consumption,in the total balance of which electricity occupies a significant share.The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model of the use of infrared means for heating agro-industrial premises,which affects the formation of energy-saving and energy-saving processes of enterprises.The agrarian potential of Ukraine was analyzed and compared with other countries of the world for awareness,analysis and relevant conclusions regarding energy consumption and frugality.This helped,based on calculations and foreign experience,to prove the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model.And its empiric results of application in the form of the use of a copper plate allowed to prove efficiency due to the reduction of electricity consumption in the conditions of maintaining the temperature regime of industrial-type premises not higher than 22–26°C when the equipment is operating at an output power of 40 W.The results of the research are the development of the existing theoretical foundations of ensuring the effective use of energy resources in agricultural organizations and can be used by economic entities and regional authorities for the purpose of making informed decisions in the field of energy-saving policy development in the agricultural sector.展开更多
1.Introduction The construction industry is undergoing a profound transformation,driven by the integration of advanced technologies that enhance productivity and economic efficiency [1].To date,smart or intelligent co...1.Introduction The construction industry is undergoing a profound transformation,driven by the integration of advanced technologies that enhance productivity and economic efficiency [1].To date,smart or intelligent construction has been developing within the framework of Industry 4.0,with the collection of automation and information technologies intended to accomplish the objectives of this transformation being known as “Construction 4.0”[2].展开更多
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,s...Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the detection technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,covering traditional methods,molecular biology techniques,immunological methods and automated detection systems.Traditional methods such as the national standard method and the filter membrane method are easy to operate,but have the problems of long time consuming and limited sensitivity.Molecular biological techniques(such as PCR,gene cloning)and immunological methods(such as ELISA,colloidal gold immunochromatography)have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of detection,but they require high equipment and technology,and are expensive.Automated detection systems,such as VITEK 2 Compact and AutoMS 1000 mass spectrometry identification system,are excellent in improving detection efficiency and accuracy,but their high cost and complex operation process limit their wide application.In addition,the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bacteriostatic agents further increases the difficulty of detection.In this paper,the development and application of immunological detection technology,molecular biological technology and immunological technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were reviewed,and the principles,advantages,disadvantages and research progress of various detection technologies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were described,and the future development trend was prospected,in order to provide reference for the optimization and development of detection methods of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.展开更多
The use of Minimum Quantity Lubrication(MQL)with bio-lubricants has been extensively studied in aerospace sustainable manufacturing.Enhanced MQL technologies have been proposed to reduce tool wear and improve workpiec...The use of Minimum Quantity Lubrication(MQL)with bio-lubricants has been extensively studied in aerospace sustainable manufacturing.Enhanced MQL technologies have been proposed to reduce tool wear and improve workpiece surface integrity by increasing lubricant activity.However,the relationship between enhancement behavior,physicochemical properties of biolubricants,and processability remains unclear,presenting challenges for MQL technologies,particularly with difficult-to-machine materials.To address this gap,this paper provides an in-depth mechanism analysis and a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the machinability of enhanced MQL technologies,considering chemistry,molecular dynamics,fluid dynamics,tribology,and heat transfer.Firstly,the cooling and lubrication enhancement mechanisms of nano-lubricants were systematically summarized.focusing on molecular structure.physical properties,and preparation processes.Secondly,the atomization enhancement mechanism of Electrostatic Minimum Quantity Lubrication(EMQL)was analyzed.revealing a 49%reduction in PM2.5 concentration during the atomization process compared to conventional MQL.Thirdly,the transport and infiltration enhancement mechanisms of bio-lubricants in cutting and grinding zones were summarized,incorporating electromagnetic fields and ultrasound-assisted processes.Finally,for cutting and grinding applications involving difficult-to-machine materials in aerospace,the optimized machinability of enhanced MQL technologies was concluded,showing a 50.1%increase in lubricant heat transfer coefficient and a 31.6%decrease in grinding temperature compared to standard MQL.This paper aims to help scientists understand the effective mechanisms,formulate process specifications,and identify future development trends in this technology.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62072351in part by the Key Research Project of Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation under Grant 2023-JCZD-35in part by the open research project of ZheJiang Lab under grant 2021PD0AB01。
文摘Blockchain technology is increasingly popular and has been widely applied in many industrial fields,due to its unique properties of decentralization,immutability,and traceability.Blockchain systems in different fields vary,with different block structures,consensus mechanisms and access permission models.These differences make it hard for different blockchain systems to interoperate with each other,which isolates them.Cross-chain technologies have been developed to solve this isolation problem in order to improve the interoperability of blockchains.Although some surveys on cross-chain technologies can be found,they are unable to keep up with the latest research progress due to their extremely fast pace of development.Moreover,the literature misses general criteria to evaluate the quality of cross-chain technologies.In this paper,a comprehensive literature review of cross-chain technologies is conducted by employing a comprehensive set of evaluation criteria.The preliminaries on blockchain interoperability are first presented.Then,a set of evaluation criteria is proposed in terms of security,privacy,performance,and functionality.The latest cutting-edge works are reviewed based on the proposed taxonomy of cross-chain technologies and their performance is evaluated against our proposed criteria.Finally,some open issues and future directions of cross-chain research are pointed out.
文摘As the core information infrastructure of modern information warfare,the offensive and defensive confrontations of satellite navigation systems have given rise to navigation warfare,which focuses on seizing control of navigation resources.Based on the space segment,control segment,and user segment of satellite navigation systems,this paper systematically constructs an offensive-defensive technology system for navigation warfare,and deeply analyzes core measures such as signal enhancement and suppression,autonomous navigation and link jamming,anti-jamming reception,and integrated navigation.It extracts key technologies including adaptive nulling antennas,joint filtering,and multi-dimensional combined jamming,and discusses the technical effectiveness of these technologies by incorporating relevant cases.The advantages of navigation warfare stem from multi-segment coordination and technological inte-gration.In the future,the development directions of navigation warfare will focus on three aspects:enhancing satellite capabilities,tackling core technical challenges,and building a multi-dimensional system.
基金Supported by Post-Subsidy Funds from the National Clinical Research Center,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.303-01-001-0272-08Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program,No.PX2022032Beijing Municipal Public Welfare Development and Reform Pilot Project for Medical Research Institutes(PWD&RPP-MRI),No.JYY2023-13.
文摘Diabetes is highly prevalent among the elderly worldwide,with the highest number of diabetes cases in China.Yet,the management of diabetes remains unsatisfactory.Recent advances in digital health technologies have facilitated the establishment of smart wards for diabetes patients.There is a lack of smart wards tailored specifically for older diabetes patients who encounter unique challenges in glycemic control and diabetes management,including an increased vulnerability to hypoglycemia,the presence of multiple chronic diseases,and cognitive decline.In this review,studies on digital health technologies for diabetes in China and beyond were summarized to elucidate how the adoption of digital health technologies,such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring,sensor-augmented pump technology,and their integration with 5th generation networks,big data cloud storage,and hospital information systems,can address issues specifically related to elderly diabetes patients in hospital wards.Furthermore,the challenges and future directions for establishing and implementing smart wards for elderly diabetes patients are discussed,and these challenges may also be applicable to other countries worldwide,not just in China.Taken together,the smart wards may enhance clinical outcomes,address specific issues,and eventually improve patient-centered hospital care for elderly patients with diabetes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62202215)Liaoning Province Applied Basic Research Program(Youth Special Project,2023JH2/101600038)+2 种基金Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(RC220458)Guangxuan Program of Shenyang Ligong University(SYLUGXRC202216)Basic Research Special Funds for Undergraduate Universities in Liaoning Province(LJ212410144067).
文摘The 6G smart Fog Radio Access Network(F-RAN)is an integration of 6G network intelligence technologies and the F-RAN architecture.Its aim is to provide low-latency and high-performance services for massive access devices.However,the performance of current 6G network intelligence technologies and its level of integration with the architecture,along with the system-level requirements for the number of access devices and limitations on energy consumption,have impeded further improvements in the 6G smart F-RAN.To better analyze the root causes of the network problems and promote the practical development of the network,this study used structured methods such as segmentation to conduct a review of the topic.The research results reveal that there are still many problems in the current 6G smart F-RAN.Future research directions and difficulties are also discussed.
文摘The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical(RIDCI),was held in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province.The event brought together over 230 representatives from government agencies,industry associations,and leading enterprises to contribute insights for the high-quality development of China's daily chemical industry.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42122006,42471187).
文摘Measuring the lifecycle of low-carbon energy technologies is critical to better understanding the innovation pattern.However,previous studies on lifecycle either focus on technical details or just provide a general overview,due to the lack of connection with innovation theories.This article attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the lifecycle from a combinatorial innovation perspective,based on patent data of ten low-carbon energy technologies in China from 1999 to 2018.The problem of estimating lifecycle stages can be transformed into analyzing the rise and fall of knowledge combinations.By building the international patent classification(IPC)co-occurrence matrix,this paper demonstrates the lifecycle evolution of technologies and develops an efficient quantitative index to define lifecycle stages.The mathematical measurement can effectively reflect the evolutionary pattern of technologies.Additionally,this article relates the macro evolution of lifecycle to the micro dynamic mechanism of technology paradigms.The sign of technology maturity is that new inventions tend to follow the patterns established by prior ones.Following this logic,this paper identifies different trends of paradigms in each technology field and analyze their transition.Furthermore,catching-up literature shows that drastic transformation of technology paradigms may open“windows of opportunity”for laggard regions.From the results of this paper,it is clear to see that latecomers can catch up with pioneers especially when there is a radical change in paradigms.Therefore,it is important for policy makers to capture such opportunities during the technology lifecycle and coordinate regional innovation resources.
文摘This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.
文摘As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.
基金supported by 2020 Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shuo-Huang Railway Development Company(SHTL-20-12).
文摘Purpose–This paper aims to systematically review the evolution of inspection technologies and equipment for heavy-haul railway infrastructure,with a focus on China’s Shuohuang Railway and Daqin Railway.It summarizes the technological progression from traditional manual inspections to integrated and intelligent inspection systems,analyzes their practical application outcomes and outlines future research directions to support the safe,efficient and sustainable operation of heavy-haul railways.Design/methodology/approach–The study employs a combination of historical and empirical analysis,primarily drawing on academic literature and operational data from Shuohuang Railway.The development of inspection technologies is categorized into two distinct phases:traditional inspection and integrated inspection.The comprehensive effectiveness of these technologies is evaluated based on actual inspection efficiency,defect detection capability,cost savings and other relevant data.Findings–The adoption of integrated inspection vehicles has significantly improved inspection efficiency and accuracy.In 2014,the world’s first heavy-haul integrated inspection vehicle enabled synchronous multidisciplinary inspections,greatly reducing reliance on manual labor.By 2024,the intelligent heavy-haul integrated inspection vehicle further enhanced detection precision by 30%.Practical applications demonstrate that the annual number of track defects decreased from 25,000 to 3,800,while the track quality index(TQI)remained stable below 6 mm.Additionally,annual maintenance costs were reduced by more than 40 m yuan.Originality/value–This paper provides the first systematic review of the development of inspection technologies for heavy-haul railway infrastructure,highlighting China’s leading achievements in integrated and intelligent inspection.It clarifies the practical value of these technologies in enhancing safety,reducing costs and optimizing maintenance operations.Furthermore,it proposes future directions for development,including system integration,onboard computing capabilities and unmanned operations,offering valuable insights for technological innovation and policymaking in the field.
文摘Rare earth elements(REEs),with their unique magnetic,optical,and electrical properties,have become indispensable strategic resources.Widely applied in critical fields such as aviation,telecommunications,electronics,energy,transportation,and medicine,REEs play a vital role in advancing technology and driving social and economic development.However,the REE industry faces numerous challenges,including unbalanced resource distribution,supply and demand imbalances,international competition,technological limitations,and associated environmental pollution.This paper,incorporating both the historical evolution and current state of the REE industry,provides a comprehensive examination of the chemistry,applications,resources,technologies,challenges,and prospects of REEs.Specifically,it analyzes China's REE industry,which holds the largest global reserves and production capacity.As a key feature,this paper introduces the Tai Chi model for sustainable development in the REE industry,offering an in-depth analysis of two primary approaches—mining and recycling;the four critical participants—governments,enterprises,researchers,and consumers;and the eight essential influencing factors—resources,energy,environment,policy,applications,technology,supply and demand,and economy.The Tai Chi model not only clarifies the responsibilities and significance of each individual but also highlights their interconnectedness,providing a compelling framework for envisioning the sustainable development of the REE industry.Moreover,the paper identifies the major challenges currently facing the industry and offers insights into the future development of REEs.As such,this work contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted REE landscape and underscores the importance of sustainable practices to ensure REEs'lasting positive impact on the global industry.
文摘With the rapid development of science and technology,new sensing technology has been used increasingly in mechatronics system,for the system of intelligent,automation and efficiency,provide strong support.Emerging sensor technology in electromechanical integration system of innovative applications not only promote the system of intelligent upgrade,also for its wide application in the field of multiple provides a strong support,and along with the advance of technology and application scenario development,emerging sensor technology in electromechanical integration system to play a more important role.In this regard,this paper first expounds the overview of emerging sensing technology,then analyzes the innovation and integration of emerging sensing technology and mechatronics system,and finally further explores the practical application of emerging sensing technology in mechatronics system,in order to provide some reference for relevant researchers.
基金by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62306083)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(LBH-Z22175)the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology。
文摘Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a dynamic progression during growth,which requires long-term collaborations and efforts from clinicians,patients and their families.It would be beneficial to have a precise intervention based on cross-scale understandings of the etiology,real-time sensing and actuating to enable early detection,screening and personalized treatment.We argue that merging computational intelligence and wearable technologies can bridge the gap between the current trajectory of the techniques applied to AIS and this vision.Wearable technologies such as inertial measurement units(IMUs)and surface electromyography(sEMG)have shown great potential in monitoring spinal curvature and muscle activity in real-time.For instance,IMUs can track the kinematics of the spine during daily activities,while sEMG can detect asymmetric muscle activation patterns that may contribute to scoliosis progression.Computational intelligence,particularly deep learning algorithms,can process these multi-modal data streams to identify early signs of scoliosis and adapt treatment strategies dynamically.By using their combination,we can find potential solutions for a better understanding of the disease,a more effective and intelligent way for treatment and rehabilitation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.23FJYB011).
文摘Green development and the low-carbon economy in China have operated as parallel,distinct systems,with interactions limited to energy,industry,and technology.Guided by the concept of high-quality growth,green development—centered on sustainability principles and green targets—has focused on green living,production,industrial optimization,system-building,land-use planning,and global ecological objectives,thereby forming a uniquely Chinese green development framework.Similarly,the low-carbon economy,structured around carbon emission goals,development drivers,models of growth,management mechanisms,and international carbon responsibilities,has also developed a distinct framework.Introducing digital intelligence as a new dimension can serve as a coupling point to foster interactive mechanisms between green development and the low-carbon economy.These interactive mechanisms are reflected through smart green cloud collaboration systems and intelligent low-carbon governance platforms,using digital intelligence technology to enhance the synergy between green and low-carbon efforts in energy,carbon management,technology,innovation,governance,and the economy.Through analyzing these mechanisms,and returning to sustainability principles while responding to China's modern development philosophy,a uniquely Chinese theory and framework for green and low-carbon development can be constructed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2602103 and 2023YFA1008900)。
文摘Road infrastructure is facing significant digitalization challenges within the context of new infrastructure construction in China and worldwide.Among the advanced digital technologies,digital twin(DT)has gained prominence across various engineering sectors,including the manufacturing and construction industries.Specifically,road engineering has demonstrated a growing interest in DT and has achieved promising results in DT-related applications over the past several years.This paper systematically introduces the development of DT and examines its current state in road engineering by reviewing research articles on DT-enabling technologies,such as model creation,condition sensing,data processing,and interaction,as well as its applications throughout the lifecycle of road infrastructure.The findings indicate that research has primarily focused on data perception and virtual model creation,while realtime data processing and interaction between physical and virtual models remain underexplored.DT in road engineering has been predominantly applied during the operation and maintenance phases,with limited attention given to the construction and demolition phases.Future efforts should focus on establishing uniform standards,developing innovative perception and data interaction techniques,optimizing development costs,and expanding the scope of lifecycle applications to facilitate the digital transformation of road engineering.This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art advancements in this field and paves the way for leveraging DT in road infrastructure lifecycle management.
文摘Building HVAC equipment installation is vital for indoor comfort,energy efficiency,and environmental quality.Key technologies like vibration control,pipe network alignment,and thermal stress compensation,along with a multi-faceted quality standards framework,are crucial.Effective process management,practical application analysis,and the integration of robotics,IoT,and AI enhance quality and efficiency.Sustainable development strategies and lifecycle-oriented quality management are also essential for future progress.
文摘The increase in the population as a whole gradually requires solving the issues of continuous development of the agro-industrial complex in all directions and components.This development is accompanied by an increase in energy consumption,in the total balance of which electricity occupies a significant share.The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model of the use of infrared means for heating agro-industrial premises,which affects the formation of energy-saving and energy-saving processes of enterprises.The agrarian potential of Ukraine was analyzed and compared with other countries of the world for awareness,analysis and relevant conclusions regarding energy consumption and frugality.This helped,based on calculations and foreign experience,to prove the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model.And its empiric results of application in the form of the use of a copper plate allowed to prove efficiency due to the reduction of electricity consumption in the conditions of maintaining the temperature regime of industrial-type premises not higher than 22–26°C when the equipment is operating at an output power of 40 W.The results of the research are the development of the existing theoretical foundations of ensuring the effective use of energy resources in agricultural organizations and can be used by economic entities and regional authorities for the purpose of making informed decisions in the field of energy-saving policy development in the agricultural sector.
文摘1.Introduction The construction industry is undergoing a profound transformation,driven by the integration of advanced technologies that enhance productivity and economic efficiency [1].To date,smart or intelligent construction has been developing within the framework of Industry 4.0,with the collection of automation and information technologies intended to accomplish the objectives of this transformation being known as “Construction 4.0”[2].
基金College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(X202511049398)College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(X202511049201)+1 种基金College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(D202504071303298456)Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology University-Level Scientific Research Funding Project(HKKY2024-87).
文摘Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in the natural environment,which can cause a variety of infections,especially in people with low immunity and high pathogenicity.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the detection technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,covering traditional methods,molecular biology techniques,immunological methods and automated detection systems.Traditional methods such as the national standard method and the filter membrane method are easy to operate,but have the problems of long time consuming and limited sensitivity.Molecular biological techniques(such as PCR,gene cloning)and immunological methods(such as ELISA,colloidal gold immunochromatography)have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of detection,but they require high equipment and technology,and are expensive.Automated detection systems,such as VITEK 2 Compact and AutoMS 1000 mass spectrometry identification system,are excellent in improving detection efficiency and accuracy,but their high cost and complex operation process limit their wide application.In addition,the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bacteriostatic agents further increases the difficulty of detection.In this paper,the development and application of immunological detection technology,molecular biological technology and immunological technology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were reviewed,and the principles,advantages,disadvantages and research progress of various detection technologies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were described,and the future development trend was prospected,in order to provide reference for the optimization and development of detection methods of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
基金supported by the following organizations:the Special Fund of Taishan Scholars Project(No.tsqn202211179)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52105457)+2 种基金Young Talent of Lifting engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(No.SDAST2021qt12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52375447)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2023M732826).
文摘The use of Minimum Quantity Lubrication(MQL)with bio-lubricants has been extensively studied in aerospace sustainable manufacturing.Enhanced MQL technologies have been proposed to reduce tool wear and improve workpiece surface integrity by increasing lubricant activity.However,the relationship between enhancement behavior,physicochemical properties of biolubricants,and processability remains unclear,presenting challenges for MQL technologies,particularly with difficult-to-machine materials.To address this gap,this paper provides an in-depth mechanism analysis and a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the machinability of enhanced MQL technologies,considering chemistry,molecular dynamics,fluid dynamics,tribology,and heat transfer.Firstly,the cooling and lubrication enhancement mechanisms of nano-lubricants were systematically summarized.focusing on molecular structure.physical properties,and preparation processes.Secondly,the atomization enhancement mechanism of Electrostatic Minimum Quantity Lubrication(EMQL)was analyzed.revealing a 49%reduction in PM2.5 concentration during the atomization process compared to conventional MQL.Thirdly,the transport and infiltration enhancement mechanisms of bio-lubricants in cutting and grinding zones were summarized,incorporating electromagnetic fields and ultrasound-assisted processes.Finally,for cutting and grinding applications involving difficult-to-machine materials in aerospace,the optimized machinability of enhanced MQL technologies was concluded,showing a 50.1%increase in lubricant heat transfer coefficient and a 31.6%decrease in grinding temperature compared to standard MQL.This paper aims to help scientists understand the effective mechanisms,formulate process specifications,and identify future development trends in this technology.
