The outbreak of respiratory diseases,such as COVID-19 and influenza,has drawn global attention.However,it remains unclear whether the risk of influenza A infection may be affected by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infectio...The outbreak of respiratory diseases,such as COVID-19 and influenza,has drawn global attention.However,it remains unclear whether the risk of influenza A infection may be affected by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.In this study,we conducted a test-negative case-control study,and utilized a logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infections.Among 258 eligible patient samples with influenza-like illness(ILI),we did not detect a statistically significant association between the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of influenza A infection.These findings might indicate that antibodies against COVID-19 acquired through vaccination or natural immunity have not protected against influenza.展开更多
Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity sco...Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity score-matched test-negative case-control study.Methods Electronic health records and immunization information systems were used to obtain data on acute gastroenteritis(AGE)cases tested for rotavirus(RV)infection.RV-positive cases were propensity score matched with RV-negative controls for age,visit month,and province.Results The study included 27,472 children with AGE aged 8 weeks to 4 years at the time of AGE diagnosis;7.98%(2,192)were RV-positive.The VE(95%confidence interval,CI)of 1-2 and 3 doses of RV5 against any medically attended RV infection(inpatient or outpatient)was 57.6%(39.8%,70.2%)and 67.2%(60.3%,72.9%),respectively.Among children who received the 3rd dose before turning 5 months of age,3-dose VE decreased from 70.4%(53.9%,81.1%)(<5 months since the 3rd dose)to 63.0%(49.1%,73.0%)(≥1 year since the 3rd dose).The three-dose VE rate was 69.4%(41.3%,84.0%)for RVGE hospitalization and 57.5%(38.9%,70.5%)for outpatient-only medically attended RVGE.Conclusion Three-dose RV5 VE against rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE)in children aged<5 years was higher than 1-2-dose VE.Three-dose VE decreased with time since the 3rd dose in children who received the 3rd dose before turning five months of age,but remained above 60%for at least one year.VE was higher for RVGE hospitalizations than for medically attended outpatient visits.展开更多
基金supported in part by non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant No.:2020-PT330-003)the youth science and technology innovation talent of Tianshan Talent Training Program in Xinjiang(Grant No.:2022TSYCCX0099)+3 种基金major science and technology projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Grant No.:2020A03004-3)the 14-th Five-Year Plan Distinctive Program of Public Health and Preventive Medicine in Higher Education Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Chinasupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:12401648)Tianjin Medical University start-up funding(Grant No.:116003-DW010046)。
文摘The outbreak of respiratory diseases,such as COVID-19 and influenza,has drawn global attention.However,it remains unclear whether the risk of influenza A infection may be affected by the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.In this study,we conducted a test-negative case-control study,and utilized a logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A infections.Among 258 eligible patient samples with influenza-like illness(ILI),we did not detect a statistically significant association between the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of influenza A infection.These findings might indicate that antibodies against COVID-19 acquired through vaccination or natural immunity have not protected against influenza.
基金the Study on Vaccine Application Evaluation Strategies and Capacity Building (INV-006373)the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFC2310604)
文摘Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine(RV5)among<5-year-old children in three provinces of China during 2020-2024 via a propensity score-matched test-negative case-control study.Methods Electronic health records and immunization information systems were used to obtain data on acute gastroenteritis(AGE)cases tested for rotavirus(RV)infection.RV-positive cases were propensity score matched with RV-negative controls for age,visit month,and province.Results The study included 27,472 children with AGE aged 8 weeks to 4 years at the time of AGE diagnosis;7.98%(2,192)were RV-positive.The VE(95%confidence interval,CI)of 1-2 and 3 doses of RV5 against any medically attended RV infection(inpatient or outpatient)was 57.6%(39.8%,70.2%)and 67.2%(60.3%,72.9%),respectively.Among children who received the 3rd dose before turning 5 months of age,3-dose VE decreased from 70.4%(53.9%,81.1%)(<5 months since the 3rd dose)to 63.0%(49.1%,73.0%)(≥1 year since the 3rd dose).The three-dose VE rate was 69.4%(41.3%,84.0%)for RVGE hospitalization and 57.5%(38.9%,70.5%)for outpatient-only medically attended RVGE.Conclusion Three-dose RV5 VE against rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE)in children aged<5 years was higher than 1-2-dose VE.Three-dose VE decreased with time since the 3rd dose in children who received the 3rd dose before turning five months of age,but remained above 60%for at least one year.VE was higher for RVGE hospitalizations than for medically attended outpatient visits.
