Background: HIV Testing Services (HTS) is a full range of services (e.g. counselling and post-test referrals) that are offered together with HIV testing. It is an important prevention strategy and the gateway to treat...Background: HIV Testing Services (HTS) is a full range of services (e.g. counselling and post-test referrals) that are offered together with HIV testing. It is an important prevention strategy and the gateway to treatment. The national targets in 2016 were to test 1.1 million people of which 54% was achieved. We determined trends of HTS in Zimbabwe from 2007 to 2016. Methods: A secondary dataset analysis was conducted using National Aids Council Core-Output Indicators dataset. Variables captured include total and repeat tests, counselling and referrals. Microsoft excel and Epi Info was used to generate frequencies, percentages and conduct chi square test for trends. Panda-Class Libraries was to attain estimates of HTS uptake till 2020. We used χ2 and p-values for statistical significance. Results: All (10,847.223) records were analysed. HIV tests per year increased from 340,705 in 2007, to 1,974,795 in 2015 (χ2 0.10492, p-value 0.74615). In 2007, 31% (n = 106,884) clients tested positive whilst in 2016 only 7% (n = 121,196) were positive (χ2 0.01166, p-value 0.91402). The 25 - 49 year age-group tested consistently highest throughout the 10year period (χ2 0.0558 p-value 0.813). The 15 - 24 year age-group had the highest yield (11% in 2015). Females (χ2 0.1074, p-value 0.743) consistently tested higher than males (χ2 0.0614, p-value 0.804). From 2007 to 2013 women had higher yields but by September 2016 males had a higher positivity of 8% (p-value χ2 0.658 p-value = 0.417). We estimate that 179,935 people living with HIV will know their status by 2020. Conclusion: HIV tests in Zimbabwe have increased but yield has decreased. Increase in repeat tests may be an indication of exhaustion of particular HTS strategies. Following this analysis it was recommended that HTS utilize various models such as HIV self-test to cater for populations with high yields.展开更多
The supreme goal of the Automatic Test case selection techniques is to guarantee systematic coverage, to recognize the usual error forms and to lessen the test of redundancy. It is unfeasible to carry out all the test...The supreme goal of the Automatic Test case selection techniques is to guarantee systematic coverage, to recognize the usual error forms and to lessen the test of redundancy. It is unfeasible to carry out all the test cases consistently. For this reason, the test cases are picked and prioritize it. The major goal of test case prioritization is to prioritize the test case sequence and finds faults as early as possible to improve the efficiency. Regression testing is used to ensure the validity and the enhancement part of the changed software. In this paper, we propose a new path compression technique (PCUA) for both old version and new version of BPEL dataset. In order to analyze the enhancement part of an application and to find an error in an enhancement part of an application, center of the tree has been calculated. Moreover in the comparative analysis, our proposed PCUA- COT technique is compared with the existing XPFG technique in terms of time consuming and error detection in the path of an enhancement part of BPEL dataset. The experimental results have been shown that our proposed work is better than the existing technique in terms of time consuming and error detection.展开更多
文摘Background: HIV Testing Services (HTS) is a full range of services (e.g. counselling and post-test referrals) that are offered together with HIV testing. It is an important prevention strategy and the gateway to treatment. The national targets in 2016 were to test 1.1 million people of which 54% was achieved. We determined trends of HTS in Zimbabwe from 2007 to 2016. Methods: A secondary dataset analysis was conducted using National Aids Council Core-Output Indicators dataset. Variables captured include total and repeat tests, counselling and referrals. Microsoft excel and Epi Info was used to generate frequencies, percentages and conduct chi square test for trends. Panda-Class Libraries was to attain estimates of HTS uptake till 2020. We used χ2 and p-values for statistical significance. Results: All (10,847.223) records were analysed. HIV tests per year increased from 340,705 in 2007, to 1,974,795 in 2015 (χ2 0.10492, p-value 0.74615). In 2007, 31% (n = 106,884) clients tested positive whilst in 2016 only 7% (n = 121,196) were positive (χ2 0.01166, p-value 0.91402). The 25 - 49 year age-group tested consistently highest throughout the 10year period (χ2 0.0558 p-value 0.813). The 15 - 24 year age-group had the highest yield (11% in 2015). Females (χ2 0.1074, p-value 0.743) consistently tested higher than males (χ2 0.0614, p-value 0.804). From 2007 to 2013 women had higher yields but by September 2016 males had a higher positivity of 8% (p-value χ2 0.658 p-value = 0.417). We estimate that 179,935 people living with HIV will know their status by 2020. Conclusion: HIV tests in Zimbabwe have increased but yield has decreased. Increase in repeat tests may be an indication of exhaustion of particular HTS strategies. Following this analysis it was recommended that HTS utilize various models such as HIV self-test to cater for populations with high yields.
文摘The supreme goal of the Automatic Test case selection techniques is to guarantee systematic coverage, to recognize the usual error forms and to lessen the test of redundancy. It is unfeasible to carry out all the test cases consistently. For this reason, the test cases are picked and prioritize it. The major goal of test case prioritization is to prioritize the test case sequence and finds faults as early as possible to improve the efficiency. Regression testing is used to ensure the validity and the enhancement part of the changed software. In this paper, we propose a new path compression technique (PCUA) for both old version and new version of BPEL dataset. In order to analyze the enhancement part of an application and to find an error in an enhancement part of an application, center of the tree has been calculated. Moreover in the comparative analysis, our proposed PCUA- COT technique is compared with the existing XPFG technique in terms of time consuming and error detection in the path of an enhancement part of BPEL dataset. The experimental results have been shown that our proposed work is better than the existing technique in terms of time consuming and error detection.
