Agricultural terraces are significant for food provision,environmental stability and sustainable resource management.However,the spatiotemporal evolution of terraces and their influence on food productivity in mountai...Agricultural terraces are significant for food provision,environmental stability and sustainable resource management.However,the spatiotemporal evolution of terraces and their influence on food productivity in mountainous landscapes remain poorly understood.Taking the Chinese Loess Plateau(LP)as an example,this study conducted multitemporal mapping of terraces and sloping croplands over three decades(1990-2020),systematically assessing their impacts on food output through terrain gradient analysis.The results indicated that:(1)the terraced area expanded in the past 30 years,particularly across steeper terrain gradients(third to fifth gradients);(2)sloping croplands predominantly occupied gentle slopes(first to second gradients),exhibiting area reduction correlating with urbanization processes;(3)the food provision increased extensively,with yield decreasing from southeast to northwest and regions of high yielding mainly in terraced fields;(4)over time,the variation of food provision correlated positively with the area of sloping cropland at low gradients,while at higher gradients,the expansion of terraces dominated the increase in food provision;(5)spatial clustering analysis revealed significant food productivity associated with high-density terrace distribution across steeper slope gradients.Low yields could be attributed to improper terrace management.This study clarified the impact of long-term terrace patterns on food provision and offered large-scale perspectives for terrace-based agriculture to enhance food security.Furthermore,the findings underscore the imperative of integrated land management in topographically complex regions,informing evidence-based policymaking for rational allocation and optimal utilization of terrace resources.展开更多
Urbanization has significant impacts on ecosystem health(ESH)by affecting land-use patterns.The evaluation of the ESH and the spatial correlations between human interference provides an insight into sustainable develo...Urbanization has significant impacts on ecosystem health(ESH)by affecting land-use patterns.The evaluation of the ESH and the spatial correlations between human interference provides an insight into sustainable development as a response to potential ecological degradation if ESH is threatened by further urbanization.We applied the Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Services(VORS)modelto detect the responses of ESH of Shannan Prefecture in the Tibet to urbanization from 1990 to 2015,based on different levels of terrain gradients.The results show that the ESH of the most areas in Shannan reaches the levels of highest health and average health during the study period.By 2015,the area proportion at the highest health level increased by 0.68%,while that of degraded level decreased by 1.51%.Overall,the ESH of areas tends to shrink at higher-level TGs,and urban sprawl with ESH shrinking existed in middle-level TGs in Shannan.Furthermore,a significant spatial aggregation effect was found concerning that low ESH-high CUL type is mainly distributed on the middle-level TGs with dense human population.The results highlight the needs to rationally organize urbanization process in plateau regions based on different TGs,which contribute to maintain ESH advancing people livelihood improvement.展开更多
The Da-Xiao Liangshan mountains are critical ecological function areas and essential ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.This study selected a total of six periods of land use land c...The Da-Xiao Liangshan mountains are critical ecological function areas and essential ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.This study selected a total of six periods of land use land cover(LULC)data from 1995 to 2020,to estimate the ecosystem service value(ESV)and analyzed its spatiotemporal evolution and topographic gradient divergence.The results showed that:(1)The ESV increased by 1.1 billion yuan,with an increase rate of 1.47%from 1995 to 2020.Two time periods,2005–2010 and 2015–2020,showed more significant increases than other periods.(2)The elevation and slope of mountainous areas determine the type of land use and further influence the spatial pattern of ESV.(3)Although woodland and grassland are the main land use types of the study area(more than 90%),the hydrological regulation function of the water area partially compensated for the impact of the encroachment of the built-up area on the ESV of grassland.(4)The spatial distribution of ESVs showed an inverted V-shaped characteristic as the topographic gradient increased,with the dominant position being the 5th topographic gradient zone.Finally,this study provided relevant recommendations for ecosystem protection and optimization.The findings of this study clarified the influence of topographical factors on the spatial differentiation of ESV and provided novel insights into ecosystem protection.展开更多
The Lhasa River Basin forms an essential human settlement area in the southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.This study employed ecosystem service value(ESV)evaluation model,terrain gradient grading,and Geodetecto...The Lhasa River Basin forms an essential human settlement area in the southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.This study employed ecosystem service value(ESV)evaluation model,terrain gradient grading,and Geodetector to analyze land use and ESV in the Lhasa River Basin from 1985 to 2020.The findings reveal that:(1)From 1985 to 2020,grassland was the dominant land use.There was a trend of grassland reduction and the expansion of other land types.(2)ESV has increased over the research period(with a total increase of 0.84%),with higher values in the southeast and lower values in the northwest.Grassland contributed the most to ESV,and climate regulation and hydrological regulation were the ecosystem services that contribute the most to ESV.(3)Natural factors like NDVI and altitude,as well as economic factors like population density and distance from roads,influenced the spatial differentiation of ESV,the explanatory power of NDVI reached up to 0.47.The interaction between factors had a greater impact than individual factors.These research results can provide theoretical support for national spatial planning and ecological environment protection in the Lhasa River Basin and other similar areas.展开更多
[目的]分析雅砻河流域生态系统服务价值的变化,为流域生态文明建设提供科学依据。[方法]基于高精度土地利用数据,运用地形梯度分级、标准差椭圆和地理探测器,探究了近20年流域生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)的时空演变...[目的]分析雅砻河流域生态系统服务价值的变化,为流域生态文明建设提供科学依据。[方法]基于高精度土地利用数据,运用地形梯度分级、标准差椭圆和地理探测器,探究了近20年流域生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)的时空演变和地形梯度分异特征。[结果](1)草地是流域主要的土地利用类型,占比达92.45%。研究期内林地、灌木和草地面积有所减少,其他类型有所增加;(2)流域ESV在研究期间增长了0.13%(0.16亿元),ESV在空间上呈现出东南部高西北部低的特征。随着海拔、坡度和地形起伏度的抬升,ESV呈先增后降的分布规律,坡向梯度呈阴坡高于阳坡的特征。(3)流域ESV的标准差椭圆和重心在研究期内逐渐向西南方向移动,并趋于聚集。ESV的空间分异主要受自然和经济因子的影响,其中年均地温是主导因子(q=0.24),任意因子交互均增强了其分异性。[结论]依据雅砻河流域ESV的时空和地形分布特征,采取因地制宜的生态保护措施,促进流域生态环境的可持续发展。展开更多
探究安宁河流域生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)的地形梯度分布规律及其空间分异的驱动因子,对流域实施因地制宜的国土空间规划和生态环境保护策略具有积极意义。利用2000—2020年高精度土地利用数据,通过CA-Markov模型...探究安宁河流域生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)的地形梯度分布规律及其空间分异的驱动因子,对流域实施因地制宜的国土空间规划和生态环境保护策略具有积极意义。利用2000—2020年高精度土地利用数据,通过CA-Markov模型预测流域2030年土地利用结构,分析2000—2030年安宁河流域ESV变化,并借助地形因子和地理探测器分析ESV的地形梯度分布特征和空间分异驱动因素。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年安宁河流域ESV减少0.51%,2020—2030年预计受林地锐减影响,ESV将继续减少;(2)林地贡献了安宁河流域74%以上的ESV;气候调节和水文调节是ESV贡献率突出的生态系统服务功能,合计达47.79%以上;(3)总ESV和各项生态系统服务功能的ESV随海拔、坡度和地形起伏度增大呈先增后减的分布特征,坡向上分布较均匀;其中2300~2579 m海拔、30.92°~35.73°坡度、507~602 m地形起伏度和西坡分布最多;(4)流域ESV空间分异受自然和经济因子的共同作用影响,其中地形起伏度为主导因子。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.U21A2011,41971129)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1300403)the Distinguished Membership Project of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.Y201812)。
文摘Agricultural terraces are significant for food provision,environmental stability and sustainable resource management.However,the spatiotemporal evolution of terraces and their influence on food productivity in mountainous landscapes remain poorly understood.Taking the Chinese Loess Plateau(LP)as an example,this study conducted multitemporal mapping of terraces and sloping croplands over three decades(1990-2020),systematically assessing their impacts on food output through terrain gradient analysis.The results indicated that:(1)the terraced area expanded in the past 30 years,particularly across steeper terrain gradients(third to fifth gradients);(2)sloping croplands predominantly occupied gentle slopes(first to second gradients),exhibiting area reduction correlating with urbanization processes;(3)the food provision increased extensively,with yield decreasing from southeast to northwest and regions of high yielding mainly in terraced fields;(4)over time,the variation of food provision correlated positively with the area of sloping cropland at low gradients,while at higher gradients,the expansion of terraces dominated the increase in food provision;(5)spatial clustering analysis revealed significant food productivity associated with high-density terrace distribution across steeper slope gradients.Low yields could be attributed to improper terrace management.This study clarified the impact of long-term terrace patterns on food provision and offered large-scale perspectives for terrace-based agriculture to enhance food security.Furthermore,the findings underscore the imperative of integrated land management in topographically complex regions,informing evidence-based policymaking for rational allocation and optimal utilization of terrace resources.
基金supported by Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(No.2019QZKK0308)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42101290).
文摘Urbanization has significant impacts on ecosystem health(ESH)by affecting land-use patterns.The evaluation of the ESH and the spatial correlations between human interference provides an insight into sustainable development as a response to potential ecological degradation if ESH is threatened by further urbanization.We applied the Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Services(VORS)modelto detect the responses of ESH of Shannan Prefecture in the Tibet to urbanization from 1990 to 2015,based on different levels of terrain gradients.The results show that the ESH of the most areas in Shannan reaches the levels of highest health and average health during the study period.By 2015,the area proportion at the highest health level increased by 0.68%,while that of degraded level decreased by 1.51%.Overall,the ESH of areas tends to shrink at higher-level TGs,and urban sprawl with ESH shrinking existed in middle-level TGs in Shannan.Furthermore,a significant spatial aggregation effect was found concerning that low ESH-high CUL type is mainly distributed on the middle-level TGs with dense human population.The results highlight the needs to rationally organize urbanization process in plateau regions based on different TGs,which contribute to maintain ESH advancing people livelihood improvement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52078423)the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(Grant No.2020YFS0309 and 2020YFS0054)+1 种基金the China Engineering Science and Technology Strategic Consulting Project(Grant No.2022JDR0356)the Key Research Institution of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Sichuan Province:Research Center of National Parks(Grant No.GJGY2023-YB001)。
文摘The Da-Xiao Liangshan mountains are critical ecological function areas and essential ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.This study selected a total of six periods of land use land cover(LULC)data from 1995 to 2020,to estimate the ecosystem service value(ESV)and analyzed its spatiotemporal evolution and topographic gradient divergence.The results showed that:(1)The ESV increased by 1.1 billion yuan,with an increase rate of 1.47%from 1995 to 2020.Two time periods,2005–2010 and 2015–2020,showed more significant increases than other periods.(2)The elevation and slope of mountainous areas determine the type of land use and further influence the spatial pattern of ESV.(3)Although woodland and grassland are the main land use types of the study area(more than 90%),the hydrological regulation function of the water area partially compensated for the impact of the encroachment of the built-up area on the ESV of grassland.(4)The spatial distribution of ESVs showed an inverted V-shaped characteristic as the topographic gradient increased,with the dominant position being the 5th topographic gradient zone.Finally,this study provided relevant recommendations for ecosystem protection and optimization.The findings of this study clarified the influence of topographical factors on the spatial differentiation of ESV and provided novel insights into ecosystem protection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20112)Construction of Talent Innovation Team and Laboratory Platform of Tibet University-Construction of Plateau Geothermal New Energy Innovation Team and Laboratory Platform(Grant No.2022ZDTD10)Central Support for Local Ministry and Regional Joint Construction/First-class Everest Construction Project-Construction of Geological Resources and Geological Engineering Characteristics(Grant No.Tibetan Finance Pre-indication[2022]No.1).
文摘The Lhasa River Basin forms an essential human settlement area in the southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.This study employed ecosystem service value(ESV)evaluation model,terrain gradient grading,and Geodetector to analyze land use and ESV in the Lhasa River Basin from 1985 to 2020.The findings reveal that:(1)From 1985 to 2020,grassland was the dominant land use.There was a trend of grassland reduction and the expansion of other land types.(2)ESV has increased over the research period(with a total increase of 0.84%),with higher values in the southeast and lower values in the northwest.Grassland contributed the most to ESV,and climate regulation and hydrological regulation were the ecosystem services that contribute the most to ESV.(3)Natural factors like NDVI and altitude,as well as economic factors like population density and distance from roads,influenced the spatial differentiation of ESV,the explanatory power of NDVI reached up to 0.47.The interaction between factors had a greater impact than individual factors.These research results can provide theoretical support for national spatial planning and ecological environment protection in the Lhasa River Basin and other similar areas.
文摘[目的]分析雅砻河流域生态系统服务价值的变化,为流域生态文明建设提供科学依据。[方法]基于高精度土地利用数据,运用地形梯度分级、标准差椭圆和地理探测器,探究了近20年流域生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)的时空演变和地形梯度分异特征。[结果](1)草地是流域主要的土地利用类型,占比达92.45%。研究期内林地、灌木和草地面积有所减少,其他类型有所增加;(2)流域ESV在研究期间增长了0.13%(0.16亿元),ESV在空间上呈现出东南部高西北部低的特征。随着海拔、坡度和地形起伏度的抬升,ESV呈先增后降的分布规律,坡向梯度呈阴坡高于阳坡的特征。(3)流域ESV的标准差椭圆和重心在研究期内逐渐向西南方向移动,并趋于聚集。ESV的空间分异主要受自然和经济因子的影响,其中年均地温是主导因子(q=0.24),任意因子交互均增强了其分异性。[结论]依据雅砻河流域ESV的时空和地形分布特征,采取因地制宜的生态保护措施,促进流域生态环境的可持续发展。
文摘探究安宁河流域生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)的地形梯度分布规律及其空间分异的驱动因子,对流域实施因地制宜的国土空间规划和生态环境保护策略具有积极意义。利用2000—2020年高精度土地利用数据,通过CA-Markov模型预测流域2030年土地利用结构,分析2000—2030年安宁河流域ESV变化,并借助地形因子和地理探测器分析ESV的地形梯度分布特征和空间分异驱动因素。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年安宁河流域ESV减少0.51%,2020—2030年预计受林地锐减影响,ESV将继续减少;(2)林地贡献了安宁河流域74%以上的ESV;气候调节和水文调节是ESV贡献率突出的生态系统服务功能,合计达47.79%以上;(3)总ESV和各项生态系统服务功能的ESV随海拔、坡度和地形起伏度增大呈先增后减的分布特征,坡向上分布较均匀;其中2300~2579 m海拔、30.92°~35.73°坡度、507~602 m地形起伏度和西坡分布最多;(4)流域ESV空间分异受自然和经济因子的共同作用影响,其中地形起伏度为主导因子。
