Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treat...Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treating MRSA infection are narrowing because of the limited number of newly developed antimicrobials. Here, four newly-isolated MRSA-virulent phages, IME-SA1, IMESA2, IME-SA118 and IME-SA119, were sequenced and analyzed. Their genome termini were identified using our previously proposed "termini analysis theory". We provide evidence that remarkable conserved terminus sequences are found in IME-SA1/2/118/119, and, moreover, are widespread throughout Twortlikevirus Staphylococcus phage G1 and K species. Results also suggested that each phage of the two species has conserved 5′ terminus while the 3′ terminus is variable. More importantly, a variable region with a specific pattern was found to be present near the conserved terminus of Twortlikevirus S. phage G1 species. The clone with the longest variable region had variable terminus lengths in successive generations, while the clones with the shortest variable region and with the average length variable region maintained the same terminal length as themselves during successive generations. IME-SA1 bacterial infection experiments showed that the variation is not derived from adaptation of the phage to different host strains. This is the first study of the conserved terminus and variable region of Twortlikevirus S. phages.展开更多
The acetylated N-termini of the coat proteins of TMV were found in 1958 by Narita. Up to now, a lot of acetylated N-termini of the proteins have been reported, such as the coat proteins of tobacco mosaic virus, cucumb...The acetylated N-termini of the coat proteins of TMV were found in 1958 by Narita. Up to now, a lot of acetylated N-termini of the proteins have been reported, such as the coat proteins of tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, turnip mosaic virus, holmes ribgrass virus etc., as well as cytochrome C, egg albumin, histone Ⅳ, tropomyosin, apoferritin, phosphoglycerin kinase, calcium binding展开更多
RNase A catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acids to form oligonucleotide fragments containing pyrimidineribonucleoside 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphate at the 3’-termini, which are then further hydrolyzed to produce ol...RNase A catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acids to form oligonucleotide fragments containing pyrimidineribonucleoside 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphate at the 3’-termini, which are then further hydrolyzed to produce oligonucleotide fragments with 3’ -phosphate group as the final products. This enzyme can also catalyze the formation of internucleotide linkage from pyrimidineribonucleoside 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphate and a nucleoside component with展开更多
Human chromosomes terminate with severalkilobases of the simple telomere repeat (TTAGGG) n.Telomeres protect the chromosomes from DNAdegradation, end-to-end fusion, rearrangements andchromosome losses. Since DNA polym...Human chromosomes terminate with severalkilobases of the simple telomere repeat (TTAGGG) n.Telomeres protect the chromosomes from DNAdegradation, end-to-end fusion, rearrangements andchromosome losses. Since DNA polymerasessynthesize DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction and require aRNA primer for initiation, telomeric DNA could belost at chromosome ends unless the termini arespecifically extended by telomerase. Telomerase is aspecialized ribonucleoprotein polymerase that containsan integral RNA with a short template element展开更多
【背景】随着测序费用的降低,越来越多的科学家选择利用高通量测序技术研究噬菌体的基因组序列。通过对这些基因组数据的分析和研究,一些科学家也开发出了判断dsDNA噬菌体末端序列的方法,但这些方法是基于Linux系统下的命令,并没有在Win...【背景】随着测序费用的降低,越来越多的科学家选择利用高通量测序技术研究噬菌体的基因组序列。通过对这些基因组数据的分析和研究,一些科学家也开发出了判断dsDNA噬菌体末端序列的方法,但这些方法是基于Linux系统下的命令,并没有在Windows操作系统下的软件。【目的】在Windows平台下开发一款免费的、可以在高通量测序获得的庞大序列文件中找到dsDNA噬菌体基因组末端序列的软件PhageGT。【方法】使用Visual Studio 2019开发一个基于对话框的微软基础类库(Microsoft Foundation Classes,MFC)应用程序。软件使用C++语言开发,逐行读取序列文件中的每条Reads,并设计相应的算法进行统计、计算。【结果】软件PhageGT可在高通量测序文件中提取出不同序列出现的频率、排序,并利用提取序列的最高频率和序列平均频率的比值(R值)判断噬菌体基因组是否存在末端序列。【结论】软件PhageGT的使用比较方便、简单。软件PhageGT和本文所利用的所有测试数据均可从https://zenodo.org/record/4674231#.YHADb-gzZxc免费获得。展开更多
Most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes as larger precursors. These mitochondrial precursors are transported to various intramitochondrial compartments,...Most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes as larger precursors. These mitochondrial precursors are transported to various intramitochondrial compartments, being processed to mature form. Compared to mature protein, most precursors have an extra targeting peptide at their展开更多
Ⅰ. GENERAL CONDITION Situated on the northern slope of Daxue Mountain (大雪山) in the western part of Qilian Mts., Glacier No. 12 of Laohugou (老虎沟) is the longest valley glacier, covering an area of 21.45 km^2 wit...Ⅰ. GENERAL CONDITION Situated on the northern slope of Daxue Mountain (大雪山) in the western part of Qilian Mts., Glacier No. 12 of Laohugou (老虎沟) is the longest valley glacier, covering an area of 21.45 km^2 with 10 km in length. Its physical property is of significance in the continental glaciers of China. In 1959—62, the first Glacier Location Observa-展开更多
The human serum proteome is closely associated with the state of the body.Endogenous peptides derived from proteolytic enzymes cleaving on serum proteins are widely studied due to their potential application in diseas...The human serum proteome is closely associated with the state of the body.Endogenous peptides derived from proteolytic enzymes cleaving on serum proteins are widely studied due to their potential application in disease-specific marker discovery.However,the reproducibility of peptidome analysis of endogenous peptides is significantly influenced by the proteolytic enzymes within body fluids,thereby limiting the clinical use of the endogenous peptides.We comprehensively investigated the N and C terminus of endogenous peptides using peptidomics.The cleavage site patterns of the N and C terminus and adjacent sites from all the identified endogenous peptides were highly conserved under different sample preparation conditions,including long-term incubation at 37℃ and pretreatment with repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Furthermore,a distinguishable cleavage site pattern was obtained when a different disease serum was analyzed.The conserved cleavage site pattern derived from proteolytic enzymes holds potential in highly specific disease diagnosis.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention (No. 2013ZX10004-605, No. 2013ZX10004-607, No. 2013ZX10004-217, and No. 2011ZX10004-001)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2014AA021402, 2012AA022-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81572045)
文摘Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treating MRSA infection are narrowing because of the limited number of newly developed antimicrobials. Here, four newly-isolated MRSA-virulent phages, IME-SA1, IMESA2, IME-SA118 and IME-SA119, were sequenced and analyzed. Their genome termini were identified using our previously proposed "termini analysis theory". We provide evidence that remarkable conserved terminus sequences are found in IME-SA1/2/118/119, and, moreover, are widespread throughout Twortlikevirus Staphylococcus phage G1 and K species. Results also suggested that each phage of the two species has conserved 5′ terminus while the 3′ terminus is variable. More importantly, a variable region with a specific pattern was found to be present near the conserved terminus of Twortlikevirus S. phage G1 species. The clone with the longest variable region had variable terminus lengths in successive generations, while the clones with the shortest variable region and with the average length variable region maintained the same terminal length as themselves during successive generations. IME-SA1 bacterial infection experiments showed that the variation is not derived from adaptation of the phage to different host strains. This is the first study of the conserved terminus and variable region of Twortlikevirus S. phages.
文摘The acetylated N-termini of the coat proteins of TMV were found in 1958 by Narita. Up to now, a lot of acetylated N-termini of the proteins have been reported, such as the coat proteins of tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, turnip mosaic virus, holmes ribgrass virus etc., as well as cytochrome C, egg albumin, histone Ⅳ, tropomyosin, apoferritin, phosphoglycerin kinase, calcium binding
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘RNase A catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acids to form oligonucleotide fragments containing pyrimidineribonucleoside 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphate at the 3’-termini, which are then further hydrolyzed to produce oligonucleotide fragments with 3’ -phosphate group as the final products. This enzyme can also catalyze the formation of internucleotide linkage from pyrimidineribonucleoside 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphate and a nucleoside component with
文摘Human chromosomes terminate with severalkilobases of the simple telomere repeat (TTAGGG) n.Telomeres protect the chromosomes from DNAdegradation, end-to-end fusion, rearrangements andchromosome losses. Since DNA polymerasessynthesize DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction and require aRNA primer for initiation, telomeric DNA could belost at chromosome ends unless the termini arespecifically extended by telomerase. Telomerase is aspecialized ribonucleoprotein polymerase that containsan integral RNA with a short template element
文摘【背景】随着测序费用的降低,越来越多的科学家选择利用高通量测序技术研究噬菌体的基因组序列。通过对这些基因组数据的分析和研究,一些科学家也开发出了判断dsDNA噬菌体末端序列的方法,但这些方法是基于Linux系统下的命令,并没有在Windows操作系统下的软件。【目的】在Windows平台下开发一款免费的、可以在高通量测序获得的庞大序列文件中找到dsDNA噬菌体基因组末端序列的软件PhageGT。【方法】使用Visual Studio 2019开发一个基于对话框的微软基础类库(Microsoft Foundation Classes,MFC)应用程序。软件使用C++语言开发,逐行读取序列文件中的每条Reads,并设计相应的算法进行统计、计算。【结果】软件PhageGT可在高通量测序文件中提取出不同序列出现的频率、排序,并利用提取序列的最高频率和序列平均频率的比值(R值)判断噬菌体基因组是否存在末端序列。【结论】软件PhageGT的使用比较方便、简单。软件PhageGT和本文所利用的所有测试数据均可从https://zenodo.org/record/4674231#.YHADb-gzZxc免费获得。
基金Project supported by Academia Sinica the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes as larger precursors. These mitochondrial precursors are transported to various intramitochondrial compartments, being processed to mature form. Compared to mature protein, most precursors have an extra targeting peptide at their
文摘Ⅰ. GENERAL CONDITION Situated on the northern slope of Daxue Mountain (大雪山) in the western part of Qilian Mts., Glacier No. 12 of Laohugou (老虎沟) is the longest valley glacier, covering an area of 21.45 km^2 with 10 km in length. Its physical property is of significance in the continental glaciers of China. In 1959—62, the first Glacier Location Observa-
基金supported by the Creative Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21021004)the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(Nos.2012CB910601,2012CB910101)the Analytical Method Innovation Program of MOST(No.2010IM030500)(H.Z.)。
文摘The human serum proteome is closely associated with the state of the body.Endogenous peptides derived from proteolytic enzymes cleaving on serum proteins are widely studied due to their potential application in disease-specific marker discovery.However,the reproducibility of peptidome analysis of endogenous peptides is significantly influenced by the proteolytic enzymes within body fluids,thereby limiting the clinical use of the endogenous peptides.We comprehensively investigated the N and C terminus of endogenous peptides using peptidomics.The cleavage site patterns of the N and C terminus and adjacent sites from all the identified endogenous peptides were highly conserved under different sample preparation conditions,including long-term incubation at 37℃ and pretreatment with repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Furthermore,a distinguishable cleavage site pattern was obtained when a different disease serum was analyzed.The conserved cleavage site pattern derived from proteolytic enzymes holds potential in highly specific disease diagnosis.
