[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the temporal-spatial variation of Inner Mongolian grassland degradation during past three decades. [Method] The dis- tribution characteristics of grassland were described by lan...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the temporal-spatial variation of Inner Mongolian grassland degradation during past three decades. [Method] The dis- tribution characteristics of grassland were described by land use types supervised classification with TM/ETM. Then, temporal-spatial changes of grassland coverage were quantified by the mean of maximum vegetation coverage in last 30 years. Lastly, the grassland degradation reasons were explored through statistic analysis between the grassland coverage and precipitation, temperature and grazing intensity. [Result] The grassland degradation index of Inner Mongolia was increased from 1.38 to 1.68, and the smallest was 1.28 in 2005s. Grassland degradation and improve- ment were concurrent after 1980s, but grassland degradation was the major change trend for Inner Mongolia grassland. The area of grassland degradation was enlarged from 18.08×10^4 km2 in 1980s to 22.47×10^4 km2 in 2010s on the whole and distribu- tion range was shifted from central-eastern to west in Inner Mongolia that mainly distributed on Hulun Buir and Xilin Gol grassland in 1980s and Ordos and Alax grassland in 2010s. The grassland area of degradation had a rising trend form 1980s to 1995s, then reduced to 10.8x104 km2 in 2005s, and decreased in 2010s, which mainly speared in the west of Xilin Gol grassland. [Conclusion] Inner Mongo-lian grassland degradation were become more seriously in last 30 years because that temperature, precipitation and graze intensities change, which not performance on decreasing coverage but grassland areas.展开更多
[ Objective] The research aimed to study temporal-spatial change characteristics of the extremely low temperature climate event in winter of China. [MethodI By using actual probability distribution threshold value met...[ Objective] The research aimed to study temporal-spatial change characteristics of the extremely low temperature climate event in winter of China. [MethodI By using actual probability distribution threshold value method, EOF analysis method and the daily minimum temperature data in winter of 1961 -2008 at 195 observatories of China, temporal-spatial change characteristics of the extremely low temperature climate event in win- ter of China in 48 years were analyzed. [ Result] Threshold value calculated by actual probability distribution was higher than that by traditional method, and increase magnitude in east was bigger than that in west, which could describe climatic change situation in China in 48 years better than traditional method. Cold night number in winter of China did not decrease as latitude declined, and it was more in south and north and was less in Yellow River basin and northwest China. Cold night number was the most in northeast Inner Mongolia. Interannual change of the cold night number presented decline tendency. From the 1960s to the eady 1970s, cold night number consistently increased, and change in middle and late periods of the 1960s was severe. From the early 1970s to the middle 1980s, fluctuation of the cold night number was bigger, and increase of the cold night number was the most in 1976. Cold night number from 1986 to the 21= century continuously declined. Change of the cold night number was the most obvious in east region, Guizhou and north Guangxi. Cold night number in northeast China and north Inner Mongolia presented inverting change relationship with that in Yunnan - Kweichow Plateau and Hexi Corridor. [ Conclusion] The research provided reference for eady warning of the extremely low temoerature event in China.展开更多
By using the variation coefficient,Gini coefficient and Theil coefficient,this paper makes preliminary exploration of temporalspatial change features and driving mechanism for regional differences of domestic tourism ...By using the variation coefficient,Gini coefficient and Theil coefficient,this paper makes preliminary exploration of temporalspatial change features and driving mechanism for regional differences of domestic tourism in China from 1995 to 2009.According to the results,we drew the following conclusions:(1)The regional difference of domestic tourism in China tends to be narrowing generally,and is less than that of inbound tourism,playing an important role in narrowing the overall gap of regional tourism in China.(2)The regional internal difference features:inter-provincial difference in the eastern region and difference among the eastern,central and western regions are comparatively obvious and demonstrate a significantly shrinking tendency,the change tendency is consistent with the change tendency of overall difference and exercises a decisive role in overall difference,whereas the inter-provincial difference in the central and western regions is small and relatively stable,having less influence on the overall difference.(3)The temporal-spatial change in regional difference is featured by:low-level provinces occupy a majority and are concentrated in the central and western regions,showing a tendency of narrowing difference;high-level provinces are concentrated in the eastern region,showing a tendency of spreading to the central and western regions;spatial pattern of regional difference demonstrates 4 types,i.e."proliferation type","polarization type","quiescence type"and"collapse type."(4)The driving force for regional difference of domestic tourism in China comes down to 3 aspects:regional socio-economic attribute,regional transport accessibility level and regional development policy.展开更多
Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay waters in 1981,current situation and horizontal distribution of Cr content in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth were studied. Results showed that in bottom waters of J...Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay waters in 1981,current situation and horizontal distribution of Cr content in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth were studied. Results showed that in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay center,Cr content changed from 0. 50 to3. 78 μg/L in April. In August,Cr content changed from 0. 14 to 1. 42 μg/L in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth. It showed that Cr content corresponded with national class-one seawater quality standard(50. 00 μg/L) at different times and spaces,and Cr content was far less than5. 00 μg/L. Therefore,under the effect of vertical water body,water quality was clean in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay,which was not polluted by Cr. In bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay center in April and bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth in August,Cr transported by the river came to the bottom layer from surface layer by passing through water body in temporal-spatial change process. Under the effects of gravity and water flow,Cr continuously and quickly sank to the sea bottom. It verified the sedimentation process of Cr content.展开更多
Mangrove ecosystem has an important ecological function. But since it is distributed in land-sea alternating region,mangrove is vulnerable to environmental pollution. Mangrove area of Guangdong Province greatly decrea...Mangrove ecosystem has an important ecological function. But since it is distributed in land-sea alternating region,mangrove is vulnerable to environmental pollution. Mangrove area of Guangdong Province greatly decreased after the 1950 s,and it declined to the minimum in the1990 s and then gradually increased. Mangrove area of Guangdong Province quickly increased from 2001 to now,and its area in 2014 was 19 824. 53 hm^2,in which Zhanjiang accounted for 72%. During 2001-2014,mangrove area of Guangdong Province increased significantly,in which the newly increased mangrove area in Zhanjiang,Yangjiang,Jiangmen,Zhuhai,Guangzhou and Shantou was larger,with obvious increase magnitude; mangrove area in east Guangdong during 2001-2005 increased quickly,while increase magnitude of mangrove area in west Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta was improved significantly after 2005. Additionally,mangrove species in Guangdong Province continuously decreased from south to north,showing as west Guangdong > the Pearl River Delta > east Guangdong. Mangrove of Guangdong Province could be protected strictly from shoreline control,ecological protection,function upgrading,and ecological restoration.展开更多
Tajikistan contains the majority of Central Asia’s glaciers,which cover about 6.00%of the national territory;their rapid shrinkage poses a significant threat to regional water resource security.However,glacier monito...Tajikistan contains the majority of Central Asia’s glaciers,which cover about 6.00%of the national territory;their rapid shrinkage poses a significant threat to regional water resource security.However,glacier monitoring in Tajikistan was interrupted after 1991,creating a substantial gap in understanding the current state and temporal evolution of these glaciers.Based on glacier inventory data,in situ measurements,and published literature,this study examined the present status and recent variations of glaciers in Tajikistan through data integration and validation,literature collation and comparative analysis,and the application of Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis techniques.As of 2023,Tajikistan possesses a total of 11,528 glaciers,encompassing an area of 7624.48(±305.58)km2.Small glaciers dominate in number,whereas large glaciers account for the majority of the total area.Over the past two decades,the glacier count has decreased by 2014,and the total area has decreased by 628.98 km2,corresponding to an average annual reduction rate of 0.33%.Regional shrinkage rates range from 4.10%to 22.28%.Glaciers have undergone accelerated mass loss during the past 20 a;only those on the northeastern Pamir Plateau exhibit a weak positive mass balance.Observations of typical monitored glaciers also reveal intensified melting and retreat,consistent with regional trends.In light of the recent acceleration of glacier shrinkage in Tajikistan,focused measures should be implemented to strengthen glacier monitoring,enhance public awareness of glacier preservation,and promote the sustainable development and utilization of glacier tourism.These findings bridge the knowledge gap regarding the spatiotemporal dynamics of Tajikistan’s glaciers over recent decades and provide essential data support for regional water resource management.展开更多
In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)r...In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)receive widespread attention in practical energy storage applications due to their unique oriented thermally conductive structure,which achieves significant thermal conductivity enhancement in specific directions while retaining the high energy storage capacity of the phase change components.This review systematically summarizes the overall analysis of OCPCMs from synthesis and preparation to application scenarios in recent years.Herein,we introduce the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism of the materials and explore the advantages of the oriented structure in OCPCMs in the heat transfer behavior from a bionic perspective.We then focus on summarizing and generalizing the methods for preparing OCPCMs,giving suggestions for suitable methods according to different scenarios.Besides,we discuss the application of finite element simulation methods to the monitoring of the thermal management behavior of OCPCMs,and look into the potential future application areas of such materials.Finally,it is hoped that this review will provide guidance for the academic community in developing high-performance OCPCMs.展开更多
Starting from the foundational static traits underlying the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, this research conducts a systematic examination of the phenomena and theoretical principles associated with env...Starting from the foundational static traits underlying the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, this research conducts a systematic examination of the phenomena and theoretical principles associated with environment-driven adaptive changes during its cultivation. It was found that environmental variables-including temperature, light, and moisture-elicit directional shifts in static traits ( e.g. , chemical composition, morphological architecture, and leaf tissue structure) toward enhanced environmental adaptation, characterized by graduality, juvenility, similarity, and correlativity. Upon alterations in ambient conditions, flue-cured tobacco modulates its static traits through integrated physical, chemical, and biological-genetic mechanisms, aiming to optimize resource utilization, mitigate environmental constraints, and preserve internal homeostasis alongside metabolic balance. The investigation further reveals that the adaptive scope of flue-cured tobacco to field environments is malleable and can be extended and elevated via adaptive conditioning commencing at the juvenile stage. In addition, the adaptive alignment between static traits and environmental parameters exerts a substantial impact on the plant s growth dynamics, yield performance, and quality attributes. Beyond its relevance to flue-cured tobacco, the proposed theory offers a meaningful framework for elucidating the pervasive adaptive strategies employed by plants and broader biological systems in response to environmental contingencies.展开更多
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic degenerative disease.Monosodium iodoac-etate(MIA)induction is the most commonly used therapeutic effect evaluation and mechanism of action research model;we observed a lack of stan...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic degenerative disease.Monosodium iodoac-etate(MIA)induction is the most commonly used therapeutic effect evaluation and mechanism of action research model;we observed a lack of standardization and uni-formity in current model building methods,which led us to conduct this study.Background:The aim was to investigate the time-and dose-related changes in the behavioral and pathological characteristics in the MIA-induced KOA model rat.Methods:MIA(40,50,and 60 mg/mL)was injected into the left joint of male Sprague-Dawley rats.After 2 weeks,the changes in the KOA rat model were observed by be-havioral evaluation,imaging-level evaluation,and histological-level evaluation.The changes were also compared after 40-mg/mL MIA injection for 2 and 6 weeks.Results:MIA-induced bone surface defects,osteophyte hyperplasia around the artic-ular rim,increased subchondral bone density,thinning of the sparse trabecular bone,structural disorder,and local clustering were observed.The degree of injury gradually increased with the increase in MIA concentration.After 6 weeks,subchondral bone density and sparse trabecular bone increased in the KOA model.Conclusions:The severity of the model also increased significantly with the changes in dose and time.In dose-dependent experiments,this study revealed that 40 mg/mL was the optimal dose to induce significant pathological changes without causing undue discomfort or death in animals.This dose may induce pathological changes stably and is suitable for long-term observation.展开更多
Lin Wei is a hiking enthusiast.At six o'clock on the last Saturday morning,the temperature at the foot of the mountain was only 2℃,so she put on her thickest fleece jacket.However,after only half an hour of climb...Lin Wei is a hiking enthusiast.At six o'clock on the last Saturday morning,the temperature at the foot of the mountain was only 2℃,so she put on her thickest fleece jacket.However,after only half an hour of climbing,the heat left her drenched in sweat,making her feel very cold.By midday,the temperature was approaching 20℃,and her heavy jacket had to be tied around her waist,becoming a burden during her hike.This outdoor adventure allowed her to appreciate the beautiful scenery,but also subjected her to repeated changes in temperature.展开更多
The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or...The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.展开更多
Climate change disrupts the distribution of species and restructures their richness patterns.The genus of Asian bamboo,Phyllostachys,possesses significant ecological and economic values,and represents the most species...Climate change disrupts the distribution of species and restructures their richness patterns.The genus of Asian bamboo,Phyllostachys,possesses significant ecological and economic values,and represents the most speciesrich genus in the Bambusoideae subfamily.Based on the distribution data of 46 species and 20 environmental variables,we used the MaxEnt model combined with ArcGIS calculations to simulate current and future potential richness distributions under three distinct CO_(2) emission scenarios.The results showed that the MaxEnt model had a good predictive ability,with a mean area under the working characteristic curve(AUC value)of 0.91 for all species.The main environmental variables that impacted the future distribution of most Phyllostachys species were elevation,variations of seasonal precipitation,and mean diurnal range.Phyllostachys species are currently concentrated in southeastern China.Under future climate projections,18 species exhibited significant habitat contraction across three or more future climate scenarios,but suitable habitats for other species will expand.This enhancement is most pronounced under the extreme climate scenario(2090s-SSP585),primarily driven by high species gains contributing to elevated turnover values across scenarios.The center of maximum richness will progressively shift southwestward over time.Predictive modeling of Phyllostachys richness distribution dynamics under climate change enhances our understanding of its biogeography and informs strategic introduction programs to bamboo management and augments China’s carbon sequestration capacity.展开更多
Accurate and efficient detection of building changes in remote sensing imagery is crucial for urban planning,disaster emergency response,and resource management.However,existing methods face challenges such as spectra...Accurate and efficient detection of building changes in remote sensing imagery is crucial for urban planning,disaster emergency response,and resource management.However,existing methods face challenges such as spectral similarity between buildings and backgrounds,sensor variations,and insufficient computational efficiency.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel Multi-scale Efficient Wavelet-based Change Detection Network(MewCDNet),which integrates the advantages of Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers,balances computational costs,and achieves high-performance building change detection.The network employs EfficientNet-B4 as the backbone for hierarchical feature extraction,integrates multi-level feature maps through a multi-scale fusion strategy,and incorporates two key modules:Cross-temporal Difference Detection(CTDD)and Cross-scale Wavelet Refinement(CSWR).CTDD adopts a dual-branch architecture that combines pixel-wise differencing with semanticaware Euclidean distance weighting to enhance the distinction between true changes and background noise.CSWR integrates Haar-based Discrete Wavelet Transform with multi-head cross-attention mechanisms,enabling cross-scale feature fusion while significantly improving edge localization and suppressing spurious changes.Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets demonstrate MewCDNet’s superiority over comparison methods:achieving F1 scores of 91.54%on LEVIR,93.70%on WHUCD,and 64.96%on S2Looking for building change detection.Furthermore,MewCDNet exhibits optimal performance on the multi-class⋅SYSU dataset(F1:82.71%),highlighting its exceptional generalization capability.展开更多
Understanding how genetic variation within forest species influences growth responses under climate change is essential for improving the accuracy of forest models and guiding adaptive management strategies.This study...Understanding how genetic variation within forest species influences growth responses under climate change is essential for improving the accuracy of forest models and guiding adaptive management strategies.This study models the dynamics of Italian silver fir(Abies alba)forests under varying climate change scenarios using the forest gap model FORMIND.Focusing on three distinct silver fir provenances(Western Alps,Northern Apennines,and Southern Apennines),the study simulates forest growth in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine National Park under different representative concentration pathways(RCPs).The individual-based model FORMIND was parameterized and validated with field data for each of the provenances,demonstrating its ability to accurately reproduce key forest metrics and dynamics.Our results reveal significant differences in expected growth patterns,productivity,metabolism,and carbon storage capacity among the silver fir provenances in pure and mixed stands.In the simulations,the Northern Apennines provenance showed higher biomass production(biomass>10%±1%)and carbon uptake(net primary productivity,NPP>8%±1%)at the end of the century compared to the Western Alps provenance in the pure provenance(PP)and no regeneration scenario.Conversely,the Southern Apennines provenance showed higher biomass(biomass>5%–10%)and NPP(>15%–18%)in mixed provenance(MP)and regeneration scenarios.These results show that genetic diversity strongly affects forest growth and resilience to environmental changes.Hence,it should be included as a predictor variable in forest models.The study also demonstrates the resilience of silver fir to climatic stressors,emphasizing its potential as a robust species in multiple forest contexts.The integration of forest provenance data into the FORMIND model represents a significant advancement in forest modelling,enabling more accurate and reliable predictions under climate change scenarios.The study's findings advocate for a greater understanding and consideration of genetic diversity in forest management and conservation strategies,in support of assisted migration strategies aiming to enhance the resilience of forest ecosystems in a changing climate.展开更多
In recent years,against the backdrop of profound geopolitical changes,the European Union(EU)has been deeply mired in an industrial predicament,showing signs of shrinking production,capital outflows,relocation of produ...In recent years,against the backdrop of profound geopolitical changes,the European Union(EU)has been deeply mired in an industrial predicament,showing signs of shrinking production,capital outflows,relocation of production capacity,and lagging development in future industries.The primary causes of this situation include the energy supply crisis stemming from the decoupling from Russian energy,the impact of America's unilateral trade policy,structural flaws within the EU itself,and the intensification of global industrial competition.To overcome these challenges,the EU has introduced a series of new industrial policies,aiming at revitalizing its industries by strengthening support for local manufacturing,enhancing protective mechanisms for its domestic production,building diversified supply chains,and prioritizing the development of military industry.However,due to multiple obstacles such as heavy external dependence,significant funding gaps,internal divisions,and strategic short-sightedness,the EU still faces a long and arduous journey in its industrial revival.展开更多
Climate warming is significantly altering the distribution of tree species,which holds crucial implications for China’s Larix species as they are important afforestation efforts.Understanding their optimal habitats a...Climate warming is significantly altering the distribution of tree species,which holds crucial implications for China’s Larix species as they are important afforestation efforts.Understanding their optimal habitats and environmental constraints is vital for predicting range shifts and guiding adaptive forest management.Previous studies prioritized changing climate impacts on horizontal range shifts of Larix,neglecting the influence of soil factors and range shift along altitudinal gradients.To address this,we applied an optimized MaxEnt model to assess current and future SSP126/SSP585 scenarios,three-dimensional habitat suitability(latitude,longitude,altitude)for four major Larix species(L.principis-rupprechtii,L.gmelinii,L.kaempferi,L.olgensis),while identifying key environmental drivers.Our results indicate that elevation and extreme moisture conditions universally constrain their distribution.Soil chemistry properties exhibited species-specific influences:cation exchange capacity critically shaped L.principis-rupprechtii and L.gmelinii ranges,whereas exchangeable aluminum determined L.kaempferi and L.olgensis distribution.Under future climate scenarios,habitat areas show divergent trajectories-L.principis-rupprechtii maximum gains 5.1%under SSP126,while L.kaempferi maximum expands 15.1%.Conversely,SSP585 triggered a 3.7% decline for L.gmelinii during the 2040s−2100s,and L.olgensis faces a net reduction to 0.4% by 2100s despite transient gains.Spatially,three species(L.kaempferi,L.gmelinii,L.olgensis)shifted northward,while L.principis-rupprechtii migrated northwest.All species distribution ascended altitudinally reflecting thermal adaptation strategies.These multidimensional insights enable targeted species selection for climate-resilient afforestation and underscore the need for soil-inclusive management planning.展开更多
Chinese civilization has continuously developed and formed on the foundation of China’s unique natural environment.Its formation process and cultural characteristics are intimately and intricately linked to the histo...Chinese civilization has continuously developed and formed on the foundation of China’s unique natural environment.Its formation process and cultural characteristics are intimately and intricately linked to the historical evolution of the natural environment,including changes in climate,hydrological systems,and land use.Currently,academic scholarship on the historical evolution of Chinese civilization is predominantly based on the findings of the humanities;the influence of natural environmental change has not been systematically and scientifically considered in unveiling the formation and development of the civilization.Adopting a perspective of deep interdisciplinary integration between the natural sciences and humanities,this study synthesizes existing research on the historical changes in natural geographical elements,such as the climate and environment,since the Holocene.It systematically reviews evidence from disciplines such as archaeology and historical geography,comprehensively analyzes the natural environmental factors within the spatiotemporal process of the formation of Chinese civilization,and reveals the significance of the human-environment relationship in shaping its evolution.Based on this systematic review,the study presents three main scientific findings:(1)The uniqueness of China’s geographical environment laid the foundation for the endogenous nature and the fundamental pattern of“unity in diversity”of Chinese civilization.(2)Climate change facilitated the early origins of Chinese civilization and subsequently drove ethnic exchange and integration throughout its historical development.(3)Throughout historical periods,the primary strategy of the human-environment relationship was human adaptation;yet,the influence of human agency on the natural world progressively increased.In conclusion,there is an urgent need to conduct systematic and scientific research on Chinese civilization from the perspective of the human-environment relationship.Through in-depth interdisciplinary exchange and collaboration between the fields of geography,climatology,history,and archaeology,we can deepen our understanding of the historical development of Chinese civilization and provide historical lessons and insights for addressing contemporary environmental challenges.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery...BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.展开更多
As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-govern...As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-government water resource management,and inefficient water use.Existing research has predominantly focused on individual hydrological processes,such as glacier retreat,snow cover change,or transboundary water issues,but it has yet to fully capture the overall complexity of water system.Tajikistan’s water system functions as an integrated whole from mountain runoff to downstream supply,but a comprehensive study of its water resource has yet to be conducted.To address this research gap,this study systematically examined the status,challenges,and sustainable management strategies of Tajikistan’s water resources based on a literature review,remote sensing data analysis,and case studies.Despite Tajikistan’s relative abundance of water resources,global warming is accelerating glacier melting and altering the hydrological cycles,which have resulted in unstable runoff patterns and heightened risks of extreme events.In Tajikistan,outdated infrastructure and poor management are primary causes of low water-use efficiency in the agricultural sector,which accounts for 85.00%of the total water withdrawals.At the governance level,Tajikistan faces challenges in balancing the water-energy-food nexus and transboundary water resource issues.To address these issues,this study proposes core paths for Tajikistan to achieve sustainable water resource management,such as accelerating technological innovation,promoting water-saving agricultural technologies,improving water resource utilization efficiency,and establishing a community participation-based comprehensive management framework.Additionally,strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving real-time monitoring systems have been identified as critical steps to advance sustainable water resource utilization and evidence-based decision-making in Tajikistan and across Central Asia.展开更多
This study investigates climate-and human-induced hydrological changes in the Zavkhan River-Khyargas Lake Basin,a highly sensitive arid and semi-arid region of Central Asia.Using Mann-Kendall,innovative trend analysis...This study investigates climate-and human-induced hydrological changes in the Zavkhan River-Khyargas Lake Basin,a highly sensitive arid and semi-arid region of Central Asia.Using Mann-Kendall,innovative trend analysis,and Sen's slope estimation methods,historical climate trends(1980-2100)were analyzed,while land cover changes represented human impacts.Future projections were simulated using the MIROC model with Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)and the Tank model.Results show that during the past 40 years,air temperature significantly increased(Z=3.93^(***)),while precipitation(Z=-1.54^(*))and river flow(Z=-1.73^(*))both declined.The Khyargas Lake water level dropped markedly(Z=-5.57***).Land cover analysis reveals expanded cropland and impervious areas due to human activity.Under the SSP1.26 scenario,which assumes minimal climate change,air temperature is projected to rise by 2.0℃,precipitation by 21.8 mm,and river discharge by 1.61 m^(3)/s between 2000 and 2100.These findings indicate that both global warming and intensified land use have substantially altered hydrological and climatic processes in the basin,highlighting the vulnerability of western Mongolia's water resources to combined climatic and anthropogenic influence.展开更多
基金Supported by National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (2011CB403206)National Key Technology Research and Development Program during the 12~(th) Five-year Plan Period of China(2012BAC19B04)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the temporal-spatial variation of Inner Mongolian grassland degradation during past three decades. [Method] The dis- tribution characteristics of grassland were described by land use types supervised classification with TM/ETM. Then, temporal-spatial changes of grassland coverage were quantified by the mean of maximum vegetation coverage in last 30 years. Lastly, the grassland degradation reasons were explored through statistic analysis between the grassland coverage and precipitation, temperature and grazing intensity. [Result] The grassland degradation index of Inner Mongolia was increased from 1.38 to 1.68, and the smallest was 1.28 in 2005s. Grassland degradation and improve- ment were concurrent after 1980s, but grassland degradation was the major change trend for Inner Mongolia grassland. The area of grassland degradation was enlarged from 18.08×10^4 km2 in 1980s to 22.47×10^4 km2 in 2010s on the whole and distribu- tion range was shifted from central-eastern to west in Inner Mongolia that mainly distributed on Hulun Buir and Xilin Gol grassland in 1980s and Ordos and Alax grassland in 2010s. The grassland area of degradation had a rising trend form 1980s to 1995s, then reduced to 10.8x104 km2 in 2005s, and decreased in 2010s, which mainly speared in the west of Xilin Gol grassland. [Conclusion] Inner Mongo-lian grassland degradation were become more seriously in last 30 years because that temperature, precipitation and graze intensities change, which not performance on decreasing coverage but grassland areas.
文摘[ Objective] The research aimed to study temporal-spatial change characteristics of the extremely low temperature climate event in winter of China. [MethodI By using actual probability distribution threshold value method, EOF analysis method and the daily minimum temperature data in winter of 1961 -2008 at 195 observatories of China, temporal-spatial change characteristics of the extremely low temperature climate event in win- ter of China in 48 years were analyzed. [ Result] Threshold value calculated by actual probability distribution was higher than that by traditional method, and increase magnitude in east was bigger than that in west, which could describe climatic change situation in China in 48 years better than traditional method. Cold night number in winter of China did not decrease as latitude declined, and it was more in south and north and was less in Yellow River basin and northwest China. Cold night number was the most in northeast Inner Mongolia. Interannual change of the cold night number presented decline tendency. From the 1960s to the eady 1970s, cold night number consistently increased, and change in middle and late periods of the 1960s was severe. From the early 1970s to the middle 1980s, fluctuation of the cold night number was bigger, and increase of the cold night number was the most in 1976. Cold night number from 1986 to the 21= century continuously declined. Change of the cold night number was the most obvious in east region, Guizhou and north Guangxi. Cold night number in northeast China and north Inner Mongolia presented inverting change relationship with that in Yunnan - Kweichow Plateau and Hexi Corridor. [ Conclusion] The research provided reference for eady warning of the extremely low temoerature event in China.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41271134)the Humanities and Social Science Research Foundation of Ministry of Education(Grant No.10YJC790245)
文摘By using the variation coefficient,Gini coefficient and Theil coefficient,this paper makes preliminary exploration of temporalspatial change features and driving mechanism for regional differences of domestic tourism in China from 1995 to 2009.According to the results,we drew the following conclusions:(1)The regional difference of domestic tourism in China tends to be narrowing generally,and is less than that of inbound tourism,playing an important role in narrowing the overall gap of regional tourism in China.(2)The regional internal difference features:inter-provincial difference in the eastern region and difference among the eastern,central and western regions are comparatively obvious and demonstrate a significantly shrinking tendency,the change tendency is consistent with the change tendency of overall difference and exercises a decisive role in overall difference,whereas the inter-provincial difference in the central and western regions is small and relatively stable,having less influence on the overall difference.(3)The temporal-spatial change in regional difference is featured by:low-level provinces occupy a majority and are concentrated in the central and western regions,showing a tendency of narrowing difference;high-level provinces are concentrated in the eastern region,showing a tendency of spreading to the central and western regions;spatial pattern of regional difference demonstrates 4 types,i.e."proliferation type","polarization type","quiescence type"and"collapse type."(4)The driving force for regional difference of domestic tourism in China comes down to 3 aspects:regional socio-economic attribute,regional transport accessibility level and regional development policy.
基金Supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation(31560107)Doctoral Degree Construction Library of Guizhou Minzu University,Education Ministry’s New Century Excellent Talents Supporting Plan(NCET-12-0659)+3 种基金Innovation Group Major Program of Guizhou Province(KY[2013]405,KY[2016]029)Research Projects of Guizhou Province Ministry of Science and Technology(LH[2014]7376)Research Projects of Guizhou Minzu University([2014]02)Research Projects of Guizhou Province Ministry of Education(KY[2014]266)
文摘Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay waters in 1981,current situation and horizontal distribution of Cr content in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth were studied. Results showed that in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay center,Cr content changed from 0. 50 to3. 78 μg/L in April. In August,Cr content changed from 0. 14 to 1. 42 μg/L in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth. It showed that Cr content corresponded with national class-one seawater quality standard(50. 00 μg/L) at different times and spaces,and Cr content was far less than5. 00 μg/L. Therefore,under the effect of vertical water body,water quality was clean in bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay,which was not polluted by Cr. In bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay center in April and bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay mouth in August,Cr transported by the river came to the bottom layer from surface layer by passing through water body in temporal-spatial change process. Under the effects of gravity and water flow,Cr continuously and quickly sank to the sea bottom. It verified the sedimentation process of Cr content.
文摘Mangrove ecosystem has an important ecological function. But since it is distributed in land-sea alternating region,mangrove is vulnerable to environmental pollution. Mangrove area of Guangdong Province greatly decreased after the 1950 s,and it declined to the minimum in the1990 s and then gradually increased. Mangrove area of Guangdong Province quickly increased from 2001 to now,and its area in 2014 was 19 824. 53 hm^2,in which Zhanjiang accounted for 72%. During 2001-2014,mangrove area of Guangdong Province increased significantly,in which the newly increased mangrove area in Zhanjiang,Yangjiang,Jiangmen,Zhuhai,Guangzhou and Shantou was larger,with obvious increase magnitude; mangrove area in east Guangdong during 2001-2005 increased quickly,while increase magnitude of mangrove area in west Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta was improved significantly after 2005. Additionally,mangrove species in Guangdong Province continuously decreased from south to north,showing as west Guangdong > the Pearl River Delta > east Guangdong. Mangrove of Guangdong Province could be protected strictly from shoreline control,ecological protection,function upgrading,and ecological restoration.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan“Inter-governmental International Science&Technology Innovation Cooperation”Key Specialized Program,China(2025YFE0102800)the Program of the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CSFSE-ZZ-2403).
文摘Tajikistan contains the majority of Central Asia’s glaciers,which cover about 6.00%of the national territory;their rapid shrinkage poses a significant threat to regional water resource security.However,glacier monitoring in Tajikistan was interrupted after 1991,creating a substantial gap in understanding the current state and temporal evolution of these glaciers.Based on glacier inventory data,in situ measurements,and published literature,this study examined the present status and recent variations of glaciers in Tajikistan through data integration and validation,literature collation and comparative analysis,and the application of Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis techniques.As of 2023,Tajikistan possesses a total of 11,528 glaciers,encompassing an area of 7624.48(±305.58)km2.Small glaciers dominate in number,whereas large glaciers account for the majority of the total area.Over the past two decades,the glacier count has decreased by 2014,and the total area has decreased by 628.98 km2,corresponding to an average annual reduction rate of 0.33%.Regional shrinkage rates range from 4.10%to 22.28%.Glaciers have undergone accelerated mass loss during the past 20 a;only those on the northeastern Pamir Plateau exhibit a weak positive mass balance.Observations of typical monitored glaciers also reveal intensified melting and retreat,consistent with regional trends.In light of the recent acceleration of glacier shrinkage in Tajikistan,focused measures should be implemented to strengthen glacier monitoring,enhance public awareness of glacier preservation,and promote the sustainable development and utilization of glacier tourism.These findings bridge the knowledge gap regarding the spatiotemporal dynamics of Tajikistan’s glaciers over recent decades and provide essential data support for regional water resource management.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-KST-25-001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L253029)。
文摘In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)receive widespread attention in practical energy storage applications due to their unique oriented thermally conductive structure,which achieves significant thermal conductivity enhancement in specific directions while retaining the high energy storage capacity of the phase change components.This review systematically summarizes the overall analysis of OCPCMs from synthesis and preparation to application scenarios in recent years.Herein,we introduce the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism of the materials and explore the advantages of the oriented structure in OCPCMs in the heat transfer behavior from a bionic perspective.We then focus on summarizing and generalizing the methods for preparing OCPCMs,giving suggestions for suitable methods according to different scenarios.Besides,we discuss the application of finite element simulation methods to the monitoring of the thermal management behavior of OCPCMs,and look into the potential future application areas of such materials.Finally,it is hoped that this review will provide guidance for the academic community in developing high-performance OCPCMs.
基金Supported by Changsha Tobacco Company Science and Technology Project(2020-2024A04).
文摘Starting from the foundational static traits underlying the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, this research conducts a systematic examination of the phenomena and theoretical principles associated with environment-driven adaptive changes during its cultivation. It was found that environmental variables-including temperature, light, and moisture-elicit directional shifts in static traits ( e.g. , chemical composition, morphological architecture, and leaf tissue structure) toward enhanced environmental adaptation, characterized by graduality, juvenility, similarity, and correlativity. Upon alterations in ambient conditions, flue-cured tobacco modulates its static traits through integrated physical, chemical, and biological-genetic mechanisms, aiming to optimize resource utilization, mitigate environmental constraints, and preserve internal homeostasis alongside metabolic balance. The investigation further reveals that the adaptive scope of flue-cured tobacco to field environments is malleable and can be extended and elevated via adaptive conditioning commencing at the juvenile stage. In addition, the adaptive alignment between static traits and environmental parameters exerts a substantial impact on the plant s growth dynamics, yield performance, and quality attributes. Beyond its relevance to flue-cured tobacco, the proposed theory offers a meaningful framework for elucidating the pervasive adaptive strategies employed by plants and broader biological systems in response to environmental contingencies.
基金Construction Project of High-Level Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Discipline of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Grant/Award Number:zyyzdxk-2023022Key Team of Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents of Shanxi Province with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Preventing and Treating Rheumatological Diseases,Grant/Award Number:202204051002033+4 种基金Traditional Chinese Medicine+Stem Cell Innovation Project,Grant/Award Number:2024KJZY0062023 Shanxi Graduate Research Practice Project,Grant/Award Number:2023KY6762023 Graduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Grant/Award Number:2023CX023 and 2023CX027Science and Technology Innovation Project for University in Shanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:2022L358Key Laboratory of Rheumatological and Immunological Diseases Treated by Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,Grant/Award Number:zyyyjs2024021。
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic degenerative disease.Monosodium iodoac-etate(MIA)induction is the most commonly used therapeutic effect evaluation and mechanism of action research model;we observed a lack of standardization and uni-formity in current model building methods,which led us to conduct this study.Background:The aim was to investigate the time-and dose-related changes in the behavioral and pathological characteristics in the MIA-induced KOA model rat.Methods:MIA(40,50,and 60 mg/mL)was injected into the left joint of male Sprague-Dawley rats.After 2 weeks,the changes in the KOA rat model were observed by be-havioral evaluation,imaging-level evaluation,and histological-level evaluation.The changes were also compared after 40-mg/mL MIA injection for 2 and 6 weeks.Results:MIA-induced bone surface defects,osteophyte hyperplasia around the artic-ular rim,increased subchondral bone density,thinning of the sparse trabecular bone,structural disorder,and local clustering were observed.The degree of injury gradually increased with the increase in MIA concentration.After 6 weeks,subchondral bone density and sparse trabecular bone increased in the KOA model.Conclusions:The severity of the model also increased significantly with the changes in dose and time.In dose-dependent experiments,this study revealed that 40 mg/mL was the optimal dose to induce significant pathological changes without causing undue discomfort or death in animals.This dose may induce pathological changes stably and is suitable for long-term observation.
文摘Lin Wei is a hiking enthusiast.At six o'clock on the last Saturday morning,the temperature at the foot of the mountain was only 2℃,so she put on her thickest fleece jacket.However,after only half an hour of climbing,the heat left her drenched in sweat,making her feel very cold.By midday,the temperature was approaching 20℃,and her heavy jacket had to be tied around her waist,becoming a burden during her hike.This outdoor adventure allowed her to appreciate the beautiful scenery,but also subjected her to repeated changes in temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42171135)the Science and Technology Program of CNOOC Research Institute(Grant No.2023OTKK03)the“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Project No.2022098).
文摘The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(32201643)the Key Research Projects of Yibin,research and integrated demonstration and key technologies for smart bamboo industry(YBZD2024-1).
文摘Climate change disrupts the distribution of species and restructures their richness patterns.The genus of Asian bamboo,Phyllostachys,possesses significant ecological and economic values,and represents the most speciesrich genus in the Bambusoideae subfamily.Based on the distribution data of 46 species and 20 environmental variables,we used the MaxEnt model combined with ArcGIS calculations to simulate current and future potential richness distributions under three distinct CO_(2) emission scenarios.The results showed that the MaxEnt model had a good predictive ability,with a mean area under the working characteristic curve(AUC value)of 0.91 for all species.The main environmental variables that impacted the future distribution of most Phyllostachys species were elevation,variations of seasonal precipitation,and mean diurnal range.Phyllostachys species are currently concentrated in southeastern China.Under future climate projections,18 species exhibited significant habitat contraction across three or more future climate scenarios,but suitable habitats for other species will expand.This enhancement is most pronounced under the extreme climate scenario(2090s-SSP585),primarily driven by high species gains contributing to elevated turnover values across scenarios.The center of maximum richness will progressively shift southwestward over time.Predictive modeling of Phyllostachys richness distribution dynamics under climate change enhances our understanding of its biogeography and informs strategic introduction programs to bamboo management and augments China’s carbon sequestration capacity.
基金supported by the Henan Province Key R&D Project under Grant 241111210400the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project under Grants 252102211047,252102211062,252102211055 and 232102210069+2 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Scheme Double Initiative Plan JSS-CBS20230474,the XJTLU RDF-21-02-008the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry under Grant 23XNKJTD0205the Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project of Henan Province under Grant 2024SJGLX0126。
文摘Accurate and efficient detection of building changes in remote sensing imagery is crucial for urban planning,disaster emergency response,and resource management.However,existing methods face challenges such as spectral similarity between buildings and backgrounds,sensor variations,and insufficient computational efficiency.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel Multi-scale Efficient Wavelet-based Change Detection Network(MewCDNet),which integrates the advantages of Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers,balances computational costs,and achieves high-performance building change detection.The network employs EfficientNet-B4 as the backbone for hierarchical feature extraction,integrates multi-level feature maps through a multi-scale fusion strategy,and incorporates two key modules:Cross-temporal Difference Detection(CTDD)and Cross-scale Wavelet Refinement(CSWR).CTDD adopts a dual-branch architecture that combines pixel-wise differencing with semanticaware Euclidean distance weighting to enhance the distinction between true changes and background noise.CSWR integrates Haar-based Discrete Wavelet Transform with multi-head cross-attention mechanisms,enabling cross-scale feature fusion while significantly improving edge localization and suppressing spurious changes.Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets demonstrate MewCDNet’s superiority over comparison methods:achieving F1 scores of 91.54%on LEVIR,93.70%on WHUCD,and 64.96%on S2Looking for building change detection.Furthermore,MewCDNet exhibits optimal performance on the multi-class⋅SYSU dataset(F1:82.71%),highlighting its exceptional generalization capability.
基金the University of Milan for funding the“ProForesta”project through the 2020 Research Support Planthe“Ente Parco Nazionale dell'Appennino Tosco-Emiliano”for having financed the project“First urgent measures to promote the adaptation of the silver fir forests of the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine National Park to the effects of climate change”。
文摘Understanding how genetic variation within forest species influences growth responses under climate change is essential for improving the accuracy of forest models and guiding adaptive management strategies.This study models the dynamics of Italian silver fir(Abies alba)forests under varying climate change scenarios using the forest gap model FORMIND.Focusing on three distinct silver fir provenances(Western Alps,Northern Apennines,and Southern Apennines),the study simulates forest growth in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine National Park under different representative concentration pathways(RCPs).The individual-based model FORMIND was parameterized and validated with field data for each of the provenances,demonstrating its ability to accurately reproduce key forest metrics and dynamics.Our results reveal significant differences in expected growth patterns,productivity,metabolism,and carbon storage capacity among the silver fir provenances in pure and mixed stands.In the simulations,the Northern Apennines provenance showed higher biomass production(biomass>10%±1%)and carbon uptake(net primary productivity,NPP>8%±1%)at the end of the century compared to the Western Alps provenance in the pure provenance(PP)and no regeneration scenario.Conversely,the Southern Apennines provenance showed higher biomass(biomass>5%–10%)and NPP(>15%–18%)in mixed provenance(MP)and regeneration scenarios.These results show that genetic diversity strongly affects forest growth and resilience to environmental changes.Hence,it should be included as a predictor variable in forest models.The study also demonstrates the resilience of silver fir to climatic stressors,emphasizing its potential as a robust species in multiple forest contexts.The integration of forest provenance data into the FORMIND model represents a significant advancement in forest modelling,enabling more accurate and reliable predictions under climate change scenarios.The study's findings advocate for a greater understanding and consideration of genetic diversity in forest management and conservation strategies,in support of assisted migration strategies aiming to enhance the resilience of forest ecosystems in a changing climate.
文摘In recent years,against the backdrop of profound geopolitical changes,the European Union(EU)has been deeply mired in an industrial predicament,showing signs of shrinking production,capital outflows,relocation of production capacity,and lagging development in future industries.The primary causes of this situation include the energy supply crisis stemming from the decoupling from Russian energy,the impact of America's unilateral trade policy,structural flaws within the EU itself,and the intensification of global industrial competition.To overcome these challenges,the EU has introduced a series of new industrial policies,aiming at revitalizing its industries by strengthening support for local manufacturing,enhancing protective mechanisms for its domestic production,building diversified supply chains,and prioritizing the development of military industry.However,due to multiple obstacles such as heavy external dependence,significant funding gaps,internal divisions,and strategic short-sightedness,the EU still faces a long and arduous journey in its industrial revival.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2200501).
文摘Climate warming is significantly altering the distribution of tree species,which holds crucial implications for China’s Larix species as they are important afforestation efforts.Understanding their optimal habitats and environmental constraints is vital for predicting range shifts and guiding adaptive forest management.Previous studies prioritized changing climate impacts on horizontal range shifts of Larix,neglecting the influence of soil factors and range shift along altitudinal gradients.To address this,we applied an optimized MaxEnt model to assess current and future SSP126/SSP585 scenarios,three-dimensional habitat suitability(latitude,longitude,altitude)for four major Larix species(L.principis-rupprechtii,L.gmelinii,L.kaempferi,L.olgensis),while identifying key environmental drivers.Our results indicate that elevation and extreme moisture conditions universally constrain their distribution.Soil chemistry properties exhibited species-specific influences:cation exchange capacity critically shaped L.principis-rupprechtii and L.gmelinii ranges,whereas exchangeable aluminum determined L.kaempferi and L.olgensis distribution.Under future climate scenarios,habitat areas show divergent trajectories-L.principis-rupprechtii maximum gains 5.1%under SSP126,while L.kaempferi maximum expands 15.1%.Conversely,SSP585 triggered a 3.7% decline for L.gmelinii during the 2040s−2100s,and L.olgensis faces a net reduction to 0.4% by 2100s despite transient gains.Spatially,three species(L.kaempferi,L.gmelinii,L.olgensis)shifted northward,while L.principis-rupprechtii migrated northwest.All species distribution ascended altitudinally reflecting thermal adaptation strategies.These multidimensional insights enable targeted species selection for climate-resilient afforestation and underscore the need for soil-inclusive management planning.
基金supported by the Consultation and Evaluation Project of the Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2022-DX05-B-021).
文摘Chinese civilization has continuously developed and formed on the foundation of China’s unique natural environment.Its formation process and cultural characteristics are intimately and intricately linked to the historical evolution of the natural environment,including changes in climate,hydrological systems,and land use.Currently,academic scholarship on the historical evolution of Chinese civilization is predominantly based on the findings of the humanities;the influence of natural environmental change has not been systematically and scientifically considered in unveiling the formation and development of the civilization.Adopting a perspective of deep interdisciplinary integration between the natural sciences and humanities,this study synthesizes existing research on the historical changes in natural geographical elements,such as the climate and environment,since the Holocene.It systematically reviews evidence from disciplines such as archaeology and historical geography,comprehensively analyzes the natural environmental factors within the spatiotemporal process of the formation of Chinese civilization,and reveals the significance of the human-environment relationship in shaping its evolution.Based on this systematic review,the study presents three main scientific findings:(1)The uniqueness of China’s geographical environment laid the foundation for the endogenous nature and the fundamental pattern of“unity in diversity”of Chinese civilization.(2)Climate change facilitated the early origins of Chinese civilization and subsequently drove ethnic exchange and integration throughout its historical development.(3)Throughout historical periods,the primary strategy of the human-environment relationship was human adaptation;yet,the influence of human agency on the natural world progressively increased.In conclusion,there is an urgent need to conduct systematic and scientific research on Chinese civilization from the perspective of the human-environment relationship.Through in-depth interdisciplinary exchange and collaboration between the fields of geography,climatology,history,and archaeology,we can deepen our understanding of the historical development of Chinese civilization and provide historical lessons and insights for addressing contemporary environmental challenges.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Projects of the Health System in Pingshan District,No.2023122.
文摘BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2412135)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘As a major source of freshwater in Central Asia,Tajikistan is endowed with abundant glaciers and water resources.However,the country faces multiple challenges,including accelerated glacier retreat,complex inter-government water resource management,and inefficient water use.Existing research has predominantly focused on individual hydrological processes,such as glacier retreat,snow cover change,or transboundary water issues,but it has yet to fully capture the overall complexity of water system.Tajikistan’s water system functions as an integrated whole from mountain runoff to downstream supply,but a comprehensive study of its water resource has yet to be conducted.To address this research gap,this study systematically examined the status,challenges,and sustainable management strategies of Tajikistan’s water resources based on a literature review,remote sensing data analysis,and case studies.Despite Tajikistan’s relative abundance of water resources,global warming is accelerating glacier melting and altering the hydrological cycles,which have resulted in unstable runoff patterns and heightened risks of extreme events.In Tajikistan,outdated infrastructure and poor management are primary causes of low water-use efficiency in the agricultural sector,which accounts for 85.00%of the total water withdrawals.At the governance level,Tajikistan faces challenges in balancing the water-energy-food nexus and transboundary water resource issues.To address these issues,this study proposes core paths for Tajikistan to achieve sustainable water resource management,such as accelerating technological innovation,promoting water-saving agricultural technologies,improving water resource utilization efficiency,and establishing a community participation-based comprehensive management framework.Additionally,strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving real-time monitoring systems have been identified as critical steps to advance sustainable water resource utilization and evidence-based decision-making in Tajikistan and across Central Asia.
基金The National University of Mongolia,No.P2024-4814The Mongolian Science and Technology Foundation,No.CHN-2022/274The‘Chey Institute for Advanced Studies’International Scholar Exchange Fellowship for the Academic Year of 2025-2026。
文摘This study investigates climate-and human-induced hydrological changes in the Zavkhan River-Khyargas Lake Basin,a highly sensitive arid and semi-arid region of Central Asia.Using Mann-Kendall,innovative trend analysis,and Sen's slope estimation methods,historical climate trends(1980-2100)were analyzed,while land cover changes represented human impacts.Future projections were simulated using the MIROC model with Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)and the Tank model.Results show that during the past 40 years,air temperature significantly increased(Z=3.93^(***)),while precipitation(Z=-1.54^(*))and river flow(Z=-1.73^(*))both declined.The Khyargas Lake water level dropped markedly(Z=-5.57***).Land cover analysis reveals expanded cropland and impervious areas due to human activity.Under the SSP1.26 scenario,which assumes minimal climate change,air temperature is projected to rise by 2.0℃,precipitation by 21.8 mm,and river discharge by 1.61 m^(3)/s between 2000 and 2100.These findings indicate that both global warming and intensified land use have substantially altered hydrological and climatic processes in the basin,highlighting the vulnerability of western Mongolia's water resources to combined climatic and anthropogenic influence.
