Triploid oysters are widely cultured due to their superior growth compared to diploids.However,differences in tempera-ture-salinity adaptation between di-and triploid oysters remain inconclusive.This study compared th...Triploid oysters are widely cultured due to their superior growth compared to diploids.However,differences in tempera-ture-salinity adaptation between di-and triploid oysters remain inconclusive.This study compared the survival rates,antioxidant en-zyme activities,and gene expressions in di-and triploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas cultured in different temperatures(17,20,23,26,and 29℃)and salinities(18,22,26,30,and 34).Results showed that the optimum survival condition for both di-and triploids is 23℃/30.At 23℃,triploids exhibited significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity and lower heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)expression than diploids.At 29℃,triploids exhibited significantly higher survival rates than diploids.Across varying tem-peratures,triploids demonstrated significantly higher survival rates and antioxidant enzyme activities,along with lower malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and Hsp70 expression compared to diploids.The overall results demonstrate that triploids have a more robust antioxidant ca-pacity,reduced oxidative damage,and lower mortality than diploids under temperature treatments.Additionally,at a salinity of 18,triploids showed significantly higher catalase(CAT)level than diploids.Across varying salinities,triploids maintained lower MDA levels.These results suggest that triploids possess a stronger antioxidant defense under salinity treatments.In conclusion,triploid C.gigas demonstrates superior adaptation to diverse temperature and salinity conditions over diploids and are recommended for culture to improve oyster production.展开更多
Although the microbial diversity of the Indian Ocean has been extensively investigated,little is known about the community composition of microbes in the Southern Indian Ocean.In the present study,we divided 60 water ...Although the microbial diversity of the Indian Ocean has been extensively investigated,little is known about the community composition of microbes in the Southern Indian Ocean.In the present study,we divided 60 water column samples on the Ninety-East Ridge(NER)into fi ve water masses according to the temperature-salinity curves.We presented,for the fi rst time,a full description of the microbial biodiversity on NER through high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach,including bacteria,archaea,and fungi.We found that bacteria exhibited higher richness and diversity than archaea and fungi across the water masses on NER.More importantly,each water mass on NER featured distinct prokaryotic microbial communities,as indicated by the results of non-metric multidimensional scaling.In contrast,fungi were eurybathic across the water masses.Redundancy analysis results demonstrated that environmental factors might play a pivotal role in the formation and stability of prokaryotic communities in each water mass,especially that of archaea.In addition,indicator species might be used as fi ngerprints to identify corresponding water masses on NER.These results provide new insights into the vertical distribution,structure,and diversity of microorganisms on NER from the perspective of water mass.展开更多
A penalty function upwind finite element method is describe in this paper for diffusive convection problem in temperature and salinity double-diffusive system. With good stability and two-order accuracy, the method wa...A penalty function upwind finite element method is describe in this paper for diffusive convection problem in temperature and salinity double-diffusive system. With good stability and two-order accuracy, the method was directly employed to the original equations,and tested in a square cavity with constant lateral heating. The steady-state results are approximate to the tendency of the time-dependent results by pressure-velocity (PV) coupling method. Nunerical simulation in a square cavity with adiabatic baffle and constant lateral heating was achieved with distribution of stream function, temperature and concentration isocontours under Thermal Raleigh Number Re= 106 and the thermal buoyancy ratio covering the ramp of N = 1, 3, 5, 7. Meanwhile, the effects of N and the adiabatic baffle to the fluid field were ho discussed.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2022LZGCQY010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32373115)the China Agriculture Research System Project(No.CARS-49).
文摘Triploid oysters are widely cultured due to their superior growth compared to diploids.However,differences in tempera-ture-salinity adaptation between di-and triploid oysters remain inconclusive.This study compared the survival rates,antioxidant en-zyme activities,and gene expressions in di-and triploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas cultured in different temperatures(17,20,23,26,and 29℃)and salinities(18,22,26,30,and 34).Results showed that the optimum survival condition for both di-and triploids is 23℃/30.At 23℃,triploids exhibited significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity and lower heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)expression than diploids.At 29℃,triploids exhibited significantly higher survival rates than diploids.Across varying tem-peratures,triploids demonstrated significantly higher survival rates and antioxidant enzyme activities,along with lower malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and Hsp70 expression compared to diploids.The overall results demonstrate that triploids have a more robust antioxidant ca-pacity,reduced oxidative damage,and lower mortality than diploids under temperature treatments.Additionally,at a salinity of 18,triploids showed significantly higher catalase(CAT)level than diploids.Across varying salinities,triploids maintained lower MDA levels.These results suggest that triploids possess a stronger antioxidant defense under salinity treatments.In conclusion,triploid C.gigas demonstrates superior adaptation to diverse temperature and salinity conditions over diploids and are recommended for culture to improve oyster production.
基金Supported by the China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association(Nos.DY135-B2-11,DY135-E2-4)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42076165)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2018MD017)the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFC1402301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201822009)。
文摘Although the microbial diversity of the Indian Ocean has been extensively investigated,little is known about the community composition of microbes in the Southern Indian Ocean.In the present study,we divided 60 water column samples on the Ninety-East Ridge(NER)into fi ve water masses according to the temperature-salinity curves.We presented,for the fi rst time,a full description of the microbial biodiversity on NER through high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach,including bacteria,archaea,and fungi.We found that bacteria exhibited higher richness and diversity than archaea and fungi across the water masses on NER.More importantly,each water mass on NER featured distinct prokaryotic microbial communities,as indicated by the results of non-metric multidimensional scaling.In contrast,fungi were eurybathic across the water masses.Redundancy analysis results demonstrated that environmental factors might play a pivotal role in the formation and stability of prokaryotic communities in each water mass,especially that of archaea.In addition,indicator species might be used as fi ngerprints to identify corresponding water masses on NER.These results provide new insights into the vertical distribution,structure,and diversity of microorganisms on NER from the perspective of water mass.
文摘A penalty function upwind finite element method is describe in this paper for diffusive convection problem in temperature and salinity double-diffusive system. With good stability and two-order accuracy, the method was directly employed to the original equations,and tested in a square cavity with constant lateral heating. The steady-state results are approximate to the tendency of the time-dependent results by pressure-velocity (PV) coupling method. Nunerical simulation in a square cavity with adiabatic baffle and constant lateral heating was achieved with distribution of stream function, temperature and concentration isocontours under Thermal Raleigh Number Re= 106 and the thermal buoyancy ratio covering the ramp of N = 1, 3, 5, 7. Meanwhile, the effects of N and the adiabatic baffle to the fluid field were ho discussed.
