1 Scope This standard specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of s...1 Scope This standard specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress.展开更多
In the animal kingdom,sex is determined genetically(genotypic sex determination,GSD)or environmentally(environmental sex determination,ESD).For GSD species,the chromosomal constitution is responsible for determining a...In the animal kingdom,sex is determined genetically(genotypic sex determination,GSD)or environmentally(environmental sex determination,ESD).For GSD species,the chromosomal constitution is responsible for determining an individual's sexual development at fertilization.展开更多
Controlling the tissue temperature rise during retinal laser therapy is essential for predictable outcomes,especially at non-damaging settings.We demonstrate a method for determining the temperature rise in the retina...Controlling the tissue temperature rise during retinal laser therapy is essential for predictable outcomes,especially at non-damaging settings.We demonstrate a method for determining the temperature rise in the retina using phasesensitive optical coherence tomography(pOCT)in vivo.Measurements based on the thermally induced optical path length changes(ΔOPL)in the retina during a 10-ms laser pulse allow detection of the temperature rise with a precision less than 1℃,which is sufficient for calibration of the laser power for patient-specific non-damaging therapy.We observed a significant difference in confinement of the retinal deformations between the normal and the degenerate retina:in wild-type rats,thermal deformations are localized between the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and the photoreceptors’inner segments(IS),as opposed to a deep penetration of the deformations into the inner retinal layers in the degenerate retina.This implies the presence of a structural component within healthy photoreceptors that dampens the tissue expansion induced by the laser heating of the RPE and pigmented choroid.We hypothesize that the thin and soft cilium connecting the inner and outer segments(IS,OS)of photoreceptors may absorb the deformations of the OS and thereby preclude the tissue expansion further inward.Striking difference in the confinement of the retinal deformations induced by a laser pulse in healthy and degenerate retina may be used as a biomechanical diagnostic tool for the characterization of photoreceptors degeneration.展开更多
文摘1 Scope This standard specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1304900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32430012,32170486,32030013,31821001,32371570,and 32101252)+3 种基金the Heilongjiang Key Research and Development Program(2024ZXDXC28)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572022DS03)the Heilongjiang Chunyan Support Program for Young Scientific and Technological Talents Team(CYQN24058)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001).
文摘In the animal kingdom,sex is determined genetically(genotypic sex determination,GSD)or environmentally(environmental sex determination,ESD).For GSD species,the chromosomal constitution is responsible for determining an individual's sexual development at fertilization.
基金funded by the National Institutes of Health(U01 EY032055)Air Force Office of Scientific Research(FA9550-20-1-0186)Research to Prevent Blindness.
文摘Controlling the tissue temperature rise during retinal laser therapy is essential for predictable outcomes,especially at non-damaging settings.We demonstrate a method for determining the temperature rise in the retina using phasesensitive optical coherence tomography(pOCT)in vivo.Measurements based on the thermally induced optical path length changes(ΔOPL)in the retina during a 10-ms laser pulse allow detection of the temperature rise with a precision less than 1℃,which is sufficient for calibration of the laser power for patient-specific non-damaging therapy.We observed a significant difference in confinement of the retinal deformations between the normal and the degenerate retina:in wild-type rats,thermal deformations are localized between the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and the photoreceptors’inner segments(IS),as opposed to a deep penetration of the deformations into the inner retinal layers in the degenerate retina.This implies the presence of a structural component within healthy photoreceptors that dampens the tissue expansion induced by the laser heating of the RPE and pigmented choroid.We hypothesize that the thin and soft cilium connecting the inner and outer segments(IS,OS)of photoreceptors may absorb the deformations of the OS and thereby preclude the tissue expansion further inward.Striking difference in the confinement of the retinal deformations induced by a laser pulse in healthy and degenerate retina may be used as a biomechanical diagnostic tool for the characterization of photoreceptors degeneration.
