Battlefield situation awareness is equivalent to the observation and orientation part of the Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action(OODA)loop.It is the key to transforming information advantage into decision-making a...Battlefield situation awareness is equivalent to the observation and orientation part of the Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action(OODA)loop.It is the key to transforming information advantage into decision-making advantages and an essential support for agile command decision-making.With the rapid rise and widespread application of various advanced intelligent technologies and model algorithms in the military field,traditional situation awareness technology and capacity building are facing great challenges.Relying solely on manual processing of battlefield situational data is no longer sufficient to meet the changing needs of the battlefield,nor can it provide commanders with real-time,accurate,efficient,and reliable situational information.Therefore,it is necessary to use highperformance hardware facilities and artificial intelligence technology to process massive battlefield data and provide an important reference basis for commanders to implement decision-making behaviors.展开更多
Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low mat...Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low material cost,as well as enhanced safety characteristics.Nevertheless,several critical challenges persist,predominantly the propensity for dendrite growth,inherent kinetic limitations,deleterious electrode side reactions,and perplexing shuttle effects,which collectively impede the practical implementation and commercial viability of ZBBs.In this context,fibers fabricated via electrospinning technology exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of enhanced specific surface area,improved electrical conductivity,and superior mechanical integrity,while also affording optimized pore structures.These unique features render electrospinning fibers particularly promising for addressing the key issues that limit ZBBs performance,including energy density,charge/discharge rate capabilities,and cycling stability.So,it is very necessary to summarize electrospinning technology application in ZBBs.This paper firstly analyzes the fundamental mechanisms and inherent challenges of ZBBs including zincion,zinc-air,and zinc-halide batteries.Subsequently,the application of electrospinning fiber structures in anodes,cathodes,separators,and electrolytes optimization for ZBBs is summarized.Finally,the prospect of electrospinning technology in ZBBs is envisioned,and existing challenges are presented for its further application.展开更多
White-nose syndrome(WNS)has caused recent catastrophic declines among multiple species of bats in eastern North America.The disease's name derives from a visually apparent white growth of the newly discovered fung...White-nose syndrome(WNS)has caused recent catastrophic declines among multiple species of bats in eastern North America.The disease's name derives from a visually apparent white growth of the newly discovered fungus Geomyces destructans on the skin(including the muzzle)of hibernating bats.Colonization of skin by this fungus is associated with characteristic cutaneous lesions that are the only consistent pathological finding related to WNS.However,the role of G.destructans in WNS remains controversial because evidence to implicate the fungus as the primary cause of this disease is lacking.The debate is fuelled,in part,by the assumption that fungal infections in mammals are most commonly associated with immune system dysfunction.Additionally,the recent discovery that G.destructans commonly colonizes the skin of bats of Europe,where no unusual bat mortality events have been reported,has generated further speculation that the fungus is an opportunistic pathogen and that other unidentified factors are the primary cause of WNS.展开更多
The moment a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo arrived at the Othello Kitchenware Museum on 18 November 2025,they were greeted with a vivid show of Guangdong’s industrial strength.Standing before them w...The moment a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo arrived at the Othello Kitchenware Museum on 18 November 2025,they were greeted with a vivid show of Guangdong’s industrial strength.Standing before them was not a typical exhibition hall,but a building shaped like a gleaming stainless-steel cooking pot.展开更多
Background:With the rapid development of modern emerging technologies,the ethical dilemmas and social controversies triggered by scientific and technological activities have become increasingly prominent.How to guide ...Background:With the rapid development of modern emerging technologies,the ethical dilemmas and social controversies triggered by scientific and technological activities have become increasingly prominent.How to guide technology for good and prevent and control technological risks has become an important issue of global concern.Research on science and technology ethics is dedicated to integrating ethical theories into governance practices and constructing ethical models that adapt to the development of the times.Methods:This article systematically reviews the six core approaches of scientific and technological ethics thought,including technological autonomy and political philosophy criticism,responsibility ethics and intergenerational obligations,technological intermediation and the integration of life and the world,ethical principles and normative frameworks,participatory governance and ethical practice innovation,as well as domain-specific ethical norms,thereby constructing an ethical analysis framework applicable to medical technology risks.And cross-analysis was conducted by taking medical events such as gene editing and xenotransplantation as examples.Results:Research shows that a single ethical approach has limitations in addressing complex medical ethical challenges,while the six approaches are complementary and synergistic.By criticizing technological autonomy,establishing a responsibility ethics orientation,setting the bottom line of ethical principles,promoting participatory governance,formulating domain norms,and continuously reflecting on the intermediary nature of technology,a multi-level and dynamically adaptive governance system for scientific and technological ethics can be constructed.Conclusion:The key to addressing contemporary medical ethics challenges lies in the comprehensive application of science and technology ethics theories and the integration of ethical considerations throughout the entire process of scientific and technological research and development.In the future,a governance framework that adapts to the development of new technologies should be established to promote cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary ethical dialogue and public participation,ensuring that scientific and technological innovation always serves the dignity of human life and overall well-being.展开更多
Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This pap...Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.展开更多
The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstru...The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstructure and interfacial strength of Sn−2Al/W90 interface were investigated.The ultrasound improved the wettability of Sn−2Al filler metal on W90 surface.As the ultrasonic power increased and ultrasonic time increased,the size of Al phase in seam decreased.The maximum value of Sn−2Al/W90 interfacial strength reached 30.1 MPa.Based on the acoustic pressure simulation and bubble dynamics,the intensity of cavitation effect was proportional to ultrasonic power.The generated high temperature and high pressure by cavitation effect reached 83799.6 K and 1.26×10^(14) Pa,respectively.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.Ho...All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.However,scalable fabrication of sheet-type sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading and excellent performances remains challenging.In this work,sheet-type freestanding sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading were fabricated by dry electrode technology.The unique fibrous morphologies of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binders in dry electrodes not only provides excellent mechanical properties but also uncompromised ionic/electronic conductance.Even employed with thickened dry cathodes with high sulfur loading of 2 mg cm^(-2),ASSLSBs still exhibit outstanding rate performance and cycle stability.Moreover,the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur monolayer pouch cells(9.2 m Ah)were also demonstrated and exhibited excellent safety under a harsh test situation.This work verifies the potential of dry electrode technology in the scalable fabrication of thickened sulfur cathodes and will promote the practical applications of ASSLSBs.展开更多
Triggered spark-gap switch is a popular discharge switch for pulse power systems.Previous studies have focused on planarizing this switch using thin film techniques in order to meet the requirements of compact size in...Triggered spark-gap switch is a popular discharge switch for pulse power systems.Previous studies have focused on planarizing this switch using thin film techniques in order to meet the requirements of compact size in the systems.Such switches are one-shot due to electrodes being too thin to sufficiently resist spark-erosion.Additionally,these switches did not employ any structures in securing internal gas composition,resulting in inconsistent performance under harsh atmospheres.In this work,a novel planar triggered spark-gap switch(PTS)with a hermetically sealed cavity was batched-prepared with printed circuit board(PCB)technology,to achieve reusability with low cost.The proposed PTS was inspected by micro-computed tomography to ensure PCB techniques meet the requirements of machining precision.The results from electrical experiments demonstrated that PCB PTS were consistent and reusable with lifespan over 20 times.The calculated switch voltage and circuit current were consistent with those derived from real-world measurements.Finally,PCB PTS was used to introduce hexanitrostilbene(HNS)pellets in a pulse power system to verify its performance.展开更多
[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. [Methods]The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in Pue...[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. [Methods]The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. With the puerarin as index,the reflux extraction and single factor test were employed to investigate the effects of temperature,time,ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio on the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi,respectively. Under the optimal extraction technology,the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi at different altitudes was determined.[Results] The optimum extraction process was as follows: 70%ethanol; solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30; 1 h reflux extraction. Under these conditions,the extraction rate of flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi was 11. 48%,the total flavonoids content of different kudzu parts was in the order of roots > stems > leaves,and the total flavonoids content of the sample at about an altitude of 1000 m was significantly higher than at the altitudes of 1400 m and 1700 m.[Conclusions]It was suggested that the Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi should not be cultivated as medicinal plant in too high mountains,and the stems and leaves of Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi could be used as raw materials for extracting total flavonoids.展开更多
Recovery of Ni-Cd batteries was studied by a self-designed vacuum-aided recovering system under laboratory conditions. The fundamental research on a process of disassembling and recovering selected materials from Ni-C...Recovery of Ni-Cd batteries was studied by a self-designed vacuum-aided recovering system under laboratory conditions. The fundamental research on a process of disassembling and recovering selected materials from Ni-Cd batterieswas conducted. The impacts of temperature, pressure and time were studied respectively. The mechanism of vacuum thermal recovering was also discussed. The results show that: Ni-Cd batteries can be recovered effectively byvacuum-aided recovering system at 573~1173 K. At constant pressure, the increase of temperature can improve theseparating efficiency of cadmium. When the temperature is 1173 K, the cadmium can evaporate completely fromthe residue during 3 h at 10 Pa. The reduction of pressure in the certain range is effective to separate cadmium byvacuum distillation. Distillation time is a very important factor affecting separation of cadmium.展开更多
Graphite tailings produced by natural graphite is usually regarded as garbage to be buried underground,which would result in a certain waste of resources.Here,in order to explore the utilization of natural graphite ta...Graphite tailings produced by natural graphite is usually regarded as garbage to be buried underground,which would result in a certain waste of resources.Here,in order to explore the utilization of natural graphite tailings(NGT),a liquid-polyacrylonitrile(LPAN)is used to modify the NGT fragments and aggregate them together to form secondary graphite particles with low surface area and high tap density.Moreover,the modified NGT show much better electrochemical performances than those of original one.When tested in full cells coupled with NMC532 cathode,the material achieves a high rate capability and cycle stability at the cutoff voltage of 4.25 V as well as 4.45 V,which maintains 84.32%capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C rate(4.25 V),higher than that of the pristine one(73.65%).The enhanced performances can be attributed to the use of LPAN to create a unique carbon layer upon graphite tailings to reconstruct surface and repair defects,and also to granulate an isotropic structure of secondary graphite particles,which can help to weaken the anisotropy of Li^(+)diffusion pathway and form a uniform,complete and stable solid-electrolyte-interface(SEI)on the surface of primary NGT fragments to promote a fast Li+diffusion and suppress lithium metal dendrites upon charge and discharge.展开更多
Terahertz biotechnology has been increasingly applied in various biomedical fields and has especially shown great potential for application in brain sciences.In this article,we review the development of terahertz biot...Terahertz biotechnology has been increasingly applied in various biomedical fields and has especially shown great potential for application in brain sciences.In this article,we review the development of terahertz biotechnology and its applications in the field of neuropsychiatry.Available evidence indicates promising prospects for the use of terahertz spectroscopy and terahertz imaging techniques in the diagnosis of amyloid disease,cerebrovascular disease,glioma,psychiatric disease,traumatic brain injury,and myelin deficit.In vitro and animal experiments have also demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of terahertz technology in some neuropsychiatric diseases.Although the precise underlying mechanism of the interactions between terahertz electromagnetic waves and the biosystem is not yet fully understood,the research progress in this field shows great potential for biomedical noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic applications.However,the biosafety of terahertz radiation requires further exploration regarding its two-sided efficacy in practical applications.This review demonstrates that terahertz biotechnology has the potential to be a promising method in the field of neuropsychiatry based on its unique advantages.展开更多
Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room temperature.It resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto tempe...Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room temperature.It resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto temperaturesensitive substrates,including metals,glasses,and polymers.It should be emphasized that the AD is a spray coating technology that uses powder without thermal assistance to generate films with high density.Compared to the traditional sputter-based approach,the AD shows several advantages in efficiency,convenience,better interfacial bonding and so on.Therefore,it opens some possibilities to the field of batteries,especially all-solidstate batteries(ASSBs)and draws much attention not only for research but also for large scale applications.The purpose of this work is to provide a critical review on the science and technology of AD as well as its applications in the field of batteries.The process,mechanism and effective parameters of AD,and recent developments in AD applications in the field of batteries will be systematically reviewed so that a trend for AD will be finally provided.展开更多
Subgrade engineering is a fundamental aspect of infrastructure construction in China.As the primary structural element responsible for bearing and distributing traffic loads,the subgrade must not only withstand the su...Subgrade engineering is a fundamental aspect of infrastructure construction in China.As the primary structural element responsible for bearing and distributing traffic loads,the subgrade must not only withstand the substantial pressures exerted by vehicles,trains,and other forms of transportation,but also efficiently transfer these loads to the underlying foundation,ensuring the stability and longevity of the roadway.In recent years,advancements in subgrade engineering technology have propelled the industry towards smarter,greener,and more sustainable practices,particularly in the areas of intelligent monitoring,disaster management,and innovative construction methods.This paper reviews the application and methodologies of intelligent testing equipment,including cone penetration testing(CPT)devices,soil resistivity testers,and intelligent rebound testers,in subgrade engineering.It examines the operating principles,advantages,limitations,and application ranges of these tools in subgrade testing.Additionally,the paper evaluates the practical use of advanced equipment from both domestic and international perspectives,addressing the challenges encountered by various instruments in realworld applications.These devices enable precise,comprehensive testing and evaluation of subgrade conditions at different stages,providing real-time data analysis and intelligent early warnings.This supports effective subgrade health management and maintenance.As intelligent technologies continue to evolve and integrate,these tools will increasingly enhance the accuracy,efficiency,and sustainability of subgrade monitoring.展开更多
As artificial intelligence(AI)technology has continued to develop,its efficient data processing and pattern recognition capabilities have significantly improved the precision and speed of decision-making processes,and...As artificial intelligence(AI)technology has continued to develop,its efficient data processing and pattern recognition capabilities have significantly improved the precision and speed of decision-making processes,and it has been widely applied across various fields.In the field of astronomy,AI techniques have demonstrated unique advantages,particularly in the identification of pulsars and their candidates.AI is able to address the challenges of pulsar celestial body identification and classification because of its accuracy and efficiency.This paper systematically surveys commonly used AI models for pulsar candidate identification,analyzing and discussing the typical applications of machine learning,artificial neural networks,convolutional neural networks,and generative adversarial networks in candidate identification.Furthermore,it explores how th.e introduction of AI techniques not only enhances the efficiency and accuracy of pulsar identification but also provides new perspectives and tools for pulsar survey data processing,thus playing a significant role in advancing pulsar research and the field of astronomy.展开更多
Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIB...Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.展开更多
The demand on low-carbon emission fabrication technologies for energy storage materials is increasing dramatically with the global interest on carbon neutrality.As a promising active material for metal-sulfur batterie...The demand on low-carbon emission fabrication technologies for energy storage materials is increasing dramatically with the global interest on carbon neutrality.As a promising active material for metal-sulfur batteries,sulfur is of great interest due to its high-energy-density and abundance.However,there is a lack of industry-friendly and low-carbon fabrication strategies for high-performance sulfur-based active particles,which,however,is in critical need by their practical success.Herein,based on a hail-inspired sulfur nano-storm(HSN)technology developed in our lab,we report an energy-saving,solvent-free strategy for producing core-shell sulfur/carbon electrode particles(CNT@AC-S)in minutes.The fabrication of the CNT@AC-S electrode particles only involves low-cost sulfur blocks,commercial carbon nanotubes(CNT)and activated carbon(AC)micro-particles with high specific surface area.Based on the above core-shell CNT@AC-S particles,sulfur cathode with a high sulfur-loading of 9.2 mg cm^(-2) delivers a stable area capacity of 6.6 mAh cm^(-2) over 100 cycles.Furthermore,even for sulfur cathode with a super-high sulfur content(72 wt%over the whole electrode),it still delivers a high area capacity of 9 mAh cm^(-2) over50 cycles in a quasi-lean electrolyte condition.In a nutshell,this study brings a green and industryfriendly fabrication strategy for cost-effective production of rationally designed S-rich electrode particles.展开更多
文摘Battlefield situation awareness is equivalent to the observation and orientation part of the Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action(OODA)loop.It is the key to transforming information advantage into decision-making advantages and an essential support for agile command decision-making.With the rapid rise and widespread application of various advanced intelligent technologies and model algorithms in the military field,traditional situation awareness technology and capacity building are facing great challenges.Relying solely on manual processing of battlefield situational data is no longer sufficient to meet the changing needs of the battlefield,nor can it provide commanders with real-time,accurate,efficient,and reliable situational information.Therefore,it is necessary to use highperformance hardware facilities and artificial intelligence technology to process massive battlefield data and provide an important reference basis for commanders to implement decision-making behaviors.
基金financially supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Hunan Province in China(No.2023GK2028)the Major Basic Research Projects in Hunan Province(No.2024JC0005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Regional Joint Fund Key Program(No.U24A20302)
文摘Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low material cost,as well as enhanced safety characteristics.Nevertheless,several critical challenges persist,predominantly the propensity for dendrite growth,inherent kinetic limitations,deleterious electrode side reactions,and perplexing shuttle effects,which collectively impede the practical implementation and commercial viability of ZBBs.In this context,fibers fabricated via electrospinning technology exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of enhanced specific surface area,improved electrical conductivity,and superior mechanical integrity,while also affording optimized pore structures.These unique features render electrospinning fibers particularly promising for addressing the key issues that limit ZBBs performance,including energy density,charge/discharge rate capabilities,and cycling stability.So,it is very necessary to summarize electrospinning technology application in ZBBs.This paper firstly analyzes the fundamental mechanisms and inherent challenges of ZBBs including zincion,zinc-air,and zinc-halide batteries.Subsequently,the application of electrospinning fiber structures in anodes,cathodes,separators,and electrolytes optimization for ZBBs is summarized.Finally,the prospect of electrospinning technology in ZBBs is envisioned,and existing challenges are presented for its further application.
文摘White-nose syndrome(WNS)has caused recent catastrophic declines among multiple species of bats in eastern North America.The disease's name derives from a visually apparent white growth of the newly discovered fungus Geomyces destructans on the skin(including the muzzle)of hibernating bats.Colonization of skin by this fungus is associated with characteristic cutaneous lesions that are the only consistent pathological finding related to WNS.However,the role of G.destructans in WNS remains controversial because evidence to implicate the fungus as the primary cause of this disease is lacking.The debate is fuelled,in part,by the assumption that fungal infections in mammals are most commonly associated with immune system dysfunction.Additionally,the recent discovery that G.destructans commonly colonizes the skin of bats of Europe,where no unusual bat mortality events have been reported,has generated further speculation that the fungus is an opportunistic pathogen and that other unidentified factors are the primary cause of WNS.
文摘The moment a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo arrived at the Othello Kitchenware Museum on 18 November 2025,they were greeted with a vivid show of Guangdong’s industrial strength.Standing before them was not a typical exhibition hall,but a building shaped like a gleaming stainless-steel cooking pot.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2024YFA0917200)the Projects of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Grant No.BB2110240093)World Medical History under the Education Innovation Plan of the University of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2024YCHX07).
文摘Background:With the rapid development of modern emerging technologies,the ethical dilemmas and social controversies triggered by scientific and technological activities have become increasingly prominent.How to guide technology for good and prevent and control technological risks has become an important issue of global concern.Research on science and technology ethics is dedicated to integrating ethical theories into governance practices and constructing ethical models that adapt to the development of the times.Methods:This article systematically reviews the six core approaches of scientific and technological ethics thought,including technological autonomy and political philosophy criticism,responsibility ethics and intergenerational obligations,technological intermediation and the integration of life and the world,ethical principles and normative frameworks,participatory governance and ethical practice innovation,as well as domain-specific ethical norms,thereby constructing an ethical analysis framework applicable to medical technology risks.And cross-analysis was conducted by taking medical events such as gene editing and xenotransplantation as examples.Results:Research shows that a single ethical approach has limitations in addressing complex medical ethical challenges,while the six approaches are complementary and synergistic.By criticizing technological autonomy,establishing a responsibility ethics orientation,setting the bottom line of ethical principles,promoting participatory governance,formulating domain norms,and continuously reflecting on the intermediary nature of technology,a multi-level and dynamically adaptive governance system for scientific and technological ethics can be constructed.Conclusion:The key to addressing contemporary medical ethics challenges lies in the comprehensive application of science and technology ethics theories and the integration of ethical considerations throughout the entire process of scientific and technological research and development.In the future,a governance framework that adapts to the development of new technologies should be established to promote cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary ethical dialogue and public participation,ensuring that scientific and technological innovation always serves the dignity of human life and overall well-being.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2025J1950).
文摘Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52105330,52175307)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2023JQ021)。
文摘The Sn−2Al filler metal was utilized to bond W90 tungsten heavy alloys by the ultrasonic-assisted coating technology in atmospheric environment at 250℃.The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on microstructure and interfacial strength of Sn−2Al/W90 interface were investigated.The ultrasound improved the wettability of Sn−2Al filler metal on W90 surface.As the ultrasonic power increased and ultrasonic time increased,the size of Al phase in seam decreased.The maximum value of Sn−2Al/W90 interfacial strength reached 30.1 MPa.Based on the acoustic pressure simulation and bubble dynamics,the intensity of cavitation effect was proportional to ultrasonic power.The generated high temperature and high pressure by cavitation effect reached 83799.6 K and 1.26×10^(14) Pa,respectively.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2500300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075029,22108151,22109084)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021TQ0164)。
文摘All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.However,scalable fabrication of sheet-type sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading and excellent performances remains challenging.In this work,sheet-type freestanding sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading were fabricated by dry electrode technology.The unique fibrous morphologies of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binders in dry electrodes not only provides excellent mechanical properties but also uncompromised ionic/electronic conductance.Even employed with thickened dry cathodes with high sulfur loading of 2 mg cm^(-2),ASSLSBs still exhibit outstanding rate performance and cycle stability.Moreover,the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur monolayer pouch cells(9.2 m Ah)were also demonstrated and exhibited excellent safety under a harsh test situation.This work verifies the potential of dry electrode technology in the scalable fabrication of thickened sulfur cathodes and will promote the practical applications of ASSLSBs.
基金We gratefully acknowledge support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20151486).
文摘Triggered spark-gap switch is a popular discharge switch for pulse power systems.Previous studies have focused on planarizing this switch using thin film techniques in order to meet the requirements of compact size in the systems.Such switches are one-shot due to electrodes being too thin to sufficiently resist spark-erosion.Additionally,these switches did not employ any structures in securing internal gas composition,resulting in inconsistent performance under harsh atmospheres.In this work,a novel planar triggered spark-gap switch(PTS)with a hermetically sealed cavity was batched-prepared with printed circuit board(PCB)technology,to achieve reusability with low cost.The proposed PTS was inspected by micro-computed tomography to ensure PCB techniques meet the requirements of machining precision.The results from electrical experiments demonstrated that PCB PTS were consistent and reusable with lifespan over 20 times.The calculated switch voltage and circuit current were consistent with those derived from real-world measurements.Finally,PCB PTS was used to introduce hexanitrostilbene(HNS)pellets in a pulse power system to verify its performance.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program(2014SZ-0131)
文摘[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. [Methods]The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. With the puerarin as index,the reflux extraction and single factor test were employed to investigate the effects of temperature,time,ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio on the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi,respectively. Under the optimal extraction technology,the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi at different altitudes was determined.[Results] The optimum extraction process was as follows: 70%ethanol; solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30; 1 h reflux extraction. Under these conditions,the extraction rate of flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi was 11. 48%,the total flavonoids content of different kudzu parts was in the order of roots > stems > leaves,and the total flavonoids content of the sample at about an altitude of 1000 m was significantly higher than at the altitudes of 1400 m and 1700 m.[Conclusions]It was suggested that the Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi should not be cultivated as medicinal plant in too high mountains,and the stems and leaves of Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi could be used as raw materials for extracting total flavonoids.
文摘Recovery of Ni-Cd batteries was studied by a self-designed vacuum-aided recovering system under laboratory conditions. The fundamental research on a process of disassembling and recovering selected materials from Ni-Cd batterieswas conducted. The impacts of temperature, pressure and time were studied respectively. The mechanism of vacuum thermal recovering was also discussed. The results show that: Ni-Cd batteries can be recovered effectively byvacuum-aided recovering system at 573~1173 K. At constant pressure, the increase of temperature can improve theseparating efficiency of cadmium. When the temperature is 1173 K, the cadmium can evaporate completely fromthe residue during 3 h at 10 Pa. The reduction of pressure in the certain range is effective to separate cadmium byvacuum distillation. Distillation time is a very important factor affecting separation of cadmium.
基金the financial support of National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1909604)National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China(Nos.52202269,52002248)+1 种基金Shenzhen Key Projects of Technological Research(No.JSGG20200925145800001)and Shenzhen Basic Research Project(Nos.JCYJ20190808145203535,JCYJ20190808163005631)for providing financial support for this work.We are also grateful to the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University(Xili Campus)for providing the facilities for our material analyzes。
文摘Graphite tailings produced by natural graphite is usually regarded as garbage to be buried underground,which would result in a certain waste of resources.Here,in order to explore the utilization of natural graphite tailings(NGT),a liquid-polyacrylonitrile(LPAN)is used to modify the NGT fragments and aggregate them together to form secondary graphite particles with low surface area and high tap density.Moreover,the modified NGT show much better electrochemical performances than those of original one.When tested in full cells coupled with NMC532 cathode,the material achieves a high rate capability and cycle stability at the cutoff voltage of 4.25 V as well as 4.45 V,which maintains 84.32%capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C rate(4.25 V),higher than that of the pristine one(73.65%).The enhanced performances can be attributed to the use of LPAN to create a unique carbon layer upon graphite tailings to reconstruct surface and repair defects,and also to granulate an isotropic structure of secondary graphite particles,which can help to weaken the anisotropy of Li^(+)diffusion pathway and form a uniform,complete and stable solid-electrolyte-interface(SEI)on the surface of primary NGT fragments to promote a fast Li+diffusion and suppress lithium metal dendrites upon charge and discharge.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC0909200(to DC)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.62075225(to HZ)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Medical Health Science and Technology Project,No.2023XY053(to ZP)Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medical Science and Technology Project,No.2023ZL703(to ZP).
文摘Terahertz biotechnology has been increasingly applied in various biomedical fields and has especially shown great potential for application in brain sciences.In this article,we review the development of terahertz biotechnology and its applications in the field of neuropsychiatry.Available evidence indicates promising prospects for the use of terahertz spectroscopy and terahertz imaging techniques in the diagnosis of amyloid disease,cerebrovascular disease,glioma,psychiatric disease,traumatic brain injury,and myelin deficit.In vitro and animal experiments have also demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of terahertz technology in some neuropsychiatric diseases.Although the precise underlying mechanism of the interactions between terahertz electromagnetic waves and the biosystem is not yet fully understood,the research progress in this field shows great potential for biomedical noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic applications.However,the biosafety of terahertz radiation requires further exploration regarding its two-sided efficacy in practical applications.This review demonstrates that terahertz biotechnology has the potential to be a promising method in the field of neuropsychiatry based on its unique advantages.
基金supported by National University of Singapore (Chongqing) Research InstituteNational University of Singapore+2 种基金Chongqing Postdoctoral Research Special FundingOverseas Postdoctoral Research Start-up FundingNatural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0086)
文摘Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room temperature.It resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto temperaturesensitive substrates,including metals,glasses,and polymers.It should be emphasized that the AD is a spray coating technology that uses powder without thermal assistance to generate films with high density.Compared to the traditional sputter-based approach,the AD shows several advantages in efficiency,convenience,better interfacial bonding and so on.Therefore,it opens some possibilities to the field of batteries,especially all-solidstate batteries(ASSBs)and draws much attention not only for research but also for large scale applications.The purpose of this work is to provide a critical review on the science and technology of AD as well as its applications in the field of batteries.The process,mechanism and effective parameters of AD,and recent developments in AD applications in the field of batteries will be systematically reviewed so that a trend for AD will be finally provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.42225206)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42207180,42477209,42302320).
文摘Subgrade engineering is a fundamental aspect of infrastructure construction in China.As the primary structural element responsible for bearing and distributing traffic loads,the subgrade must not only withstand the substantial pressures exerted by vehicles,trains,and other forms of transportation,but also efficiently transfer these loads to the underlying foundation,ensuring the stability and longevity of the roadway.In recent years,advancements in subgrade engineering technology have propelled the industry towards smarter,greener,and more sustainable practices,particularly in the areas of intelligent monitoring,disaster management,and innovative construction methods.This paper reviews the application and methodologies of intelligent testing equipment,including cone penetration testing(CPT)devices,soil resistivity testers,and intelligent rebound testers,in subgrade engineering.It examines the operating principles,advantages,limitations,and application ranges of these tools in subgrade testing.Additionally,the paper evaluates the practical use of advanced equipment from both domestic and international perspectives,addressing the challenges encountered by various instruments in realworld applications.These devices enable precise,comprehensive testing and evaluation of subgrade conditions at different stages,providing real-time data analysis and intelligent early warnings.This supports effective subgrade health management and maintenance.As intelligent technologies continue to evolve and integrate,these tools will increasingly enhance the accuracy,efficiency,and sustainability of subgrade monitoring.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2203502 and 2022YFF0711502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(12173077)+4 种基金the Tianshan Talent Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022TSYCCX0095 and 2023TSYCCX0112)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(PTYQ2022YZZD01)China National Astronomical Data Center(NADC)the Operation,Maintenance and Upgrading Fund for Astronomical Telescopes and Facility Instruments,budgeted from the Ministry of Finance of China(MOF)and administrated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01A360)。
文摘As artificial intelligence(AI)technology has continued to develop,its efficient data processing and pattern recognition capabilities have significantly improved the precision and speed of decision-making processes,and it has been widely applied across various fields.In the field of astronomy,AI techniques have demonstrated unique advantages,particularly in the identification of pulsars and their candidates.AI is able to address the challenges of pulsar celestial body identification and classification because of its accuracy and efficiency.This paper systematically surveys commonly used AI models for pulsar candidate identification,analyzing and discussing the typical applications of machine learning,artificial neural networks,convolutional neural networks,and generative adversarial networks in candidate identification.Furthermore,it explores how th.e introduction of AI techniques not only enhances the efficiency and accuracy of pulsar identification but also provides new perspectives and tools for pulsar survey data processing,thus playing a significant role in advancing pulsar research and the field of astronomy.
文摘Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.
基金supported by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC)financial support from the National Science Foundation of China(51873126,51422305,51721091)。
文摘The demand on low-carbon emission fabrication technologies for energy storage materials is increasing dramatically with the global interest on carbon neutrality.As a promising active material for metal-sulfur batteries,sulfur is of great interest due to its high-energy-density and abundance.However,there is a lack of industry-friendly and low-carbon fabrication strategies for high-performance sulfur-based active particles,which,however,is in critical need by their practical success.Herein,based on a hail-inspired sulfur nano-storm(HSN)technology developed in our lab,we report an energy-saving,solvent-free strategy for producing core-shell sulfur/carbon electrode particles(CNT@AC-S)in minutes.The fabrication of the CNT@AC-S electrode particles only involves low-cost sulfur blocks,commercial carbon nanotubes(CNT)and activated carbon(AC)micro-particles with high specific surface area.Based on the above core-shell CNT@AC-S particles,sulfur cathode with a high sulfur-loading of 9.2 mg cm^(-2) delivers a stable area capacity of 6.6 mAh cm^(-2) over 100 cycles.Furthermore,even for sulfur cathode with a super-high sulfur content(72 wt%over the whole electrode),it still delivers a high area capacity of 9 mAh cm^(-2) over50 cycles in a quasi-lean electrolyte condition.In a nutshell,this study brings a green and industryfriendly fabrication strategy for cost-effective production of rationally designed S-rich electrode particles.
