Using data from 24 OECD countries, we find that the relationship between a country＇s R＆D investment and technological advantage in a sector （measured by the country＇s labor productivity of the sector relative to t...Using data from 24 OECD countries, we find that the relationship between a country＇s R＆D investment and technological advantage in a sector （measured by the country＇s labor productivity of the sector relative to the rest of the world） is non-monotonic. In particular, for countries whose technology levels are much lower or higher than the rest of the world in a sector, their sectoral R＆D investment declines as their advantages in the sector improve; for counties with middle technology levels, the opposite is true. Extending the Eaton and Kortum framework, we develop a static model to theoretically analyze the relationship between R＆D investment and technological advantages. We show that when the research efficiency in a sector is sufficiently elastic with respect to the sectoral technological advantage, a country＇s R＆D investment increases with its technological advantage, and vice versa.展开更多
To efficiently meet the increasing demands for mobile broadband, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) is designed to complement 3G deployments. It is equipped with all the necessary features for optimal support of real-time a...To efficiently meet the increasing demands for mobile broadband, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) is designed to complement 3G deployments. It is equipped with all the necessary features for optimal support of real-time and best-effort traffic with seamless mobility. This article overviews the UMB technology, and discusses its competitive advantages, which are fast time to market, flexible deployment options, inherently designed for real-time services and flexible IP-based network architecture. Moreover, the article analyzes key UMB design features, including Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), advanced antenna techniques, Reverse Link (RL) sector capacity optimization, adaptive interference management mechanisms, efficient RL control design, low-overhead signaling, fast seamless handoffs, multi-carrier support and beacons, enhanced terminal battery life, and flexible IP-based network architecture. UMB is well suited to be at the center of the future that melds broadband applications with faster, more capable mobile multimedia devices. UMB’s competitive advantages provide operators with continuous differentiation today and tomorrow.展开更多
Information Technology or AI, a combination of computer science, logic, biology, psychology, and philosophy, is set to dominate our future, revolutionizing social progress, labor productivity, and cost reduction. It i...Information Technology or AI, a combination of computer science, logic, biology, psychology, and philosophy, is set to dominate our future, revolutionizing social progress, labor productivity, and cost reduction. It is essential for AI database integration and the next generation of computing, supporting Intelligent Information Systems and distributed cooperative labor. AI and IT integration are enhancing efficiency, creativity, and digital capabilities, with applications in customer service, healthcare, personalized medicine, and driverless cars. The paper tends to review the developments and trends in information technology using artificial intelligence (AI) as weapons to re-build the future world. With qualitative analysis of previous research studies, the paper tries to explain the role of AI in present information flow as well as for future. And after studying the selective papers it efficiently explains the advantage of AI in both human and environmental way. AI has the potential to significantly impact our lives, but fundamental questions remain unanswered about its extent, scope, and timeline. Current tools are insufficient to predict future AI achievements or fully comprehend its capabilities. To determine the readiness level for different technologies with AI, criteria are defined based on historical evolution. AI has revolutionized the IT industry, improving efficiency, productivity, and quality. However, concerns arise about the potential impact on the workforce, with concerns about job redundancy and potential unjust outcomes in critical areas like employment, finance, and law enforcement.展开更多
According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area rec...According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area receives priority support; Meanwhile, it designs method to ascertain district S&T advantage and S&T innovation resources utilizing efficiency as well as S&T developing speed by using component analysis and DEA method, and then constructs three-dimension selecting model,by which a positive research on Heilongjiang is made, the purpose of which is to offer scientific method support and decision-making foundation for making regional S&T program.展开更多
This article proposes a leadership theory of globalization to explain how economic globalization occurs and evolves,and why China wants to take a leading role in globalization.The theory posits that an economy equippe...This article proposes a leadership theory of globalization to explain how economic globalization occurs and evolves,and why China wants to take a leading role in globalization.The theory posits that an economy equipped with advanced industrial technology,a substantial domestic market,and robust institutional capacity is more likely to take the lead in driving economic globalization.Technological advantages in high-tech industries position an economy favorably within the global value chains,maximizing its benefits from economic globalization.A large domestic market can entice other countries to agree to open their markets reciprocally.Institutional capacity enables governments to deter opposition to globalization from those disadvantaged by economic opening.This paper presents studies of historical cases of economic globalization and provides a three-stage model of globalization.It argues that China has been gaining on three fronts in recent decades and is therefore willing to promote economic globalization.展开更多
A growing trend in environmental contamination has highlighted the need for greater access to green technologies and clean energy to alleviate environmental stress.This study seeks to quantify the impact of climate mi...A growing trend in environmental contamination has highlighted the need for greater access to green technologies and clean energy to alleviate environmental stress.This study seeks to quantify the impact of climate mitigation technologies,particularly those related to environmental technology,on environmental quality and economic development.The relationship between environment-related technologies,disaggregated energy use,carbon dioxide emissions,and the stringency of environmental policies was analyzed using Westerlund co-integration,FGLS,and Granger causality techniques across 19 member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD).The findings show that an increase in fossil fuel use leads to a rise in carbon emissions.Similarly,the use of renewable energy also contributes to higher carbon emissions,while environment-related technologies have a positive impact on environmental quality.In contrast,stricter environmental policies have a negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions.A one-way causality was identified,with environment-related technologies,renewable energy adoption,and environmental policy stringency influencing carbon dioxide emissions,rather than being influenced by them.These findings underscore the significance of environment-related technology in enhancing both environmental quality and economic productivity.Policymakers are encouraged to focus on allocating resources for research,establishing robust regulatory frameworks,fostering collaboration,promoting education and awareness,and providing support for sectors transitioning toward climate change mitigation technologies.展开更多
文摘Using data from 24 OECD countries, we find that the relationship between a country＇s R＆D investment and technological advantage in a sector （measured by the country＇s labor productivity of the sector relative to the rest of the world） is non-monotonic. In particular, for countries whose technology levels are much lower or higher than the rest of the world in a sector, their sectoral R＆D investment declines as their advantages in the sector improve; for counties with middle technology levels, the opposite is true. Extending the Eaton and Kortum framework, we develop a static model to theoretically analyze the relationship between R＆D investment and technological advantages. We show that when the research efficiency in a sector is sufficiently elastic with respect to the sectoral technological advantage, a country＇s R＆D investment increases with its technological advantage, and vice versa.
文摘To efficiently meet the increasing demands for mobile broadband, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) is designed to complement 3G deployments. It is equipped with all the necessary features for optimal support of real-time and best-effort traffic with seamless mobility. This article overviews the UMB technology, and discusses its competitive advantages, which are fast time to market, flexible deployment options, inherently designed for real-time services and flexible IP-based network architecture. Moreover, the article analyzes key UMB design features, including Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), advanced antenna techniques, Reverse Link (RL) sector capacity optimization, adaptive interference management mechanisms, efficient RL control design, low-overhead signaling, fast seamless handoffs, multi-carrier support and beacons, enhanced terminal battery life, and flexible IP-based network architecture. UMB is well suited to be at the center of the future that melds broadband applications with faster, more capable mobile multimedia devices. UMB’s competitive advantages provide operators with continuous differentiation today and tomorrow.
文摘Information Technology or AI, a combination of computer science, logic, biology, psychology, and philosophy, is set to dominate our future, revolutionizing social progress, labor productivity, and cost reduction. It is essential for AI database integration and the next generation of computing, supporting Intelligent Information Systems and distributed cooperative labor. AI and IT integration are enhancing efficiency, creativity, and digital capabilities, with applications in customer service, healthcare, personalized medicine, and driverless cars. The paper tends to review the developments and trends in information technology using artificial intelligence (AI) as weapons to re-build the future world. With qualitative analysis of previous research studies, the paper tries to explain the role of AI in present information flow as well as for future. And after studying the selective papers it efficiently explains the advantage of AI in both human and environmental way. AI has the potential to significantly impact our lives, but fundamental questions remain unanswered about its extent, scope, and timeline. Current tools are insufficient to predict future AI achievements or fully comprehend its capabilities. To determine the readiness level for different technologies with AI, criteria are defined based on historical evolution. AI has revolutionized the IT industry, improving efficiency, productivity, and quality. However, concerns arise about the potential impact on the workforce, with concerns about job redundancy and potential unjust outcomes in critical areas like employment, finance, and law enforcement.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 70473020)the Science and Technology Research Project of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No GC06J404)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang (Grant No G200608)80
文摘According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area receives priority support; Meanwhile, it designs method to ascertain district S&T advantage and S&T innovation resources utilizing efficiency as well as S&T developing speed by using component analysis and DEA method, and then constructs three-dimension selecting model,by which a positive research on Heilongjiang is made, the purpose of which is to offer scientific method support and decision-making foundation for making regional S&T program.
基金the founding support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742025).
文摘This article proposes a leadership theory of globalization to explain how economic globalization occurs and evolves,and why China wants to take a leading role in globalization.The theory posits that an economy equipped with advanced industrial technology,a substantial domestic market,and robust institutional capacity is more likely to take the lead in driving economic globalization.Technological advantages in high-tech industries position an economy favorably within the global value chains,maximizing its benefits from economic globalization.A large domestic market can entice other countries to agree to open their markets reciprocally.Institutional capacity enables governments to deter opposition to globalization from those disadvantaged by economic opening.This paper presents studies of historical cases of economic globalization and provides a three-stage model of globalization.It argues that China has been gaining on three fronts in recent decades and is therefore willing to promote economic globalization.
基金funding from Zhejiang Social Science Fund,China(Grant number 23QNYC13ZD)Major Project of the National Social Science Fund in China(Grant number 22&ZD083).
文摘A growing trend in environmental contamination has highlighted the need for greater access to green technologies and clean energy to alleviate environmental stress.This study seeks to quantify the impact of climate mitigation technologies,particularly those related to environmental technology,on environmental quality and economic development.The relationship between environment-related technologies,disaggregated energy use,carbon dioxide emissions,and the stringency of environmental policies was analyzed using Westerlund co-integration,FGLS,and Granger causality techniques across 19 member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD).The findings show that an increase in fossil fuel use leads to a rise in carbon emissions.Similarly,the use of renewable energy also contributes to higher carbon emissions,while environment-related technologies have a positive impact on environmental quality.In contrast,stricter environmental policies have a negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions.A one-way causality was identified,with environment-related technologies,renewable energy adoption,and environmental policy stringency influencing carbon dioxide emissions,rather than being influenced by them.These findings underscore the significance of environment-related technology in enhancing both environmental quality and economic productivity.Policymakers are encouraged to focus on allocating resources for research,establishing robust regulatory frameworks,fostering collaboration,promoting education and awareness,and providing support for sectors transitioning toward climate change mitigation technologies.
