Transparency is a widely used but poorly defined term within the explainable artificial intelligence literature.This is due,in part,to the lack of an agreed definition and the overlap between the connected—sometimes ...Transparency is a widely used but poorly defined term within the explainable artificial intelligence literature.This is due,in part,to the lack of an agreed definition and the overlap between the connected—sometimes used synonymously—concepts of interpretability and explainability.We assert that transparency is the overarching concept,with the tenets of interpretability,explainability,and predictability subordinate.We draw on a portfolio of definitions for each of these distinct concepts to propose a human-swarm-teaming transparency and trust architecture(HST3-Architecture).The architecture reinforces transparency as a key contributor towards situation awareness,and consequently as an enabler for effective trustworthy human-swarm teaming(HST).展开更多
Your hometown is often a special place.It can be big or small.And it usually has an important place in your life and heart.You may not live there anymore.But you remember it well.Maybe you have warm feelings for your ...Your hometown is often a special place.It can be big or small.And it usually has an important place in your life and heart.You may not live there anymore.But you remember it well.Maybe you have warm feelings for your school,your friends and your neighbors there.You remember special places and fun times.There may be interesting museums or great sports teams in your hometown.You can tell people about them.展开更多
The editorial team of JIPB would like to express sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their diligence and insightful feedback between January 1, 2025, and December 31, 2025. Your invaluable contributions a...The editorial team of JIPB would like to express sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their diligence and insightful feedback between January 1, 2025, and December 31, 2025. Your invaluable contributions are crucial in maintaining the high standards and quality of our journal. We look forward to your continued support in 2026.展开更多
Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,l...Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,listed below,have generously given their time and wisdom.The editorial team is grateful to all colleagues who have participated in this worthwhile endeavour.展开更多
The final and award ceremony of the International Standardization Youth Star Competition 2025 were held in Qingdao on November 22-23.The competition attracted 236 teams nationwide who demonstrated great enthusiasm for...The final and award ceremony of the International Standardization Youth Star Competition 2025 were held in Qingdao on November 22-23.The competition attracted 236 teams nationwide who demonstrated great enthusiasm for participating in the standardization undertaking.The competition followed the mode of“the industry puts forward questions,and the academia provides solutions”.Shandong Port Group Co.,Ltd.,Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.,Ltd.(CATL),Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.,and Beijing Zhongbiaolvjian Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.set up themed tracks respectively,and competitors developed standard proposals for the corresponding themes.展开更多
TEAM CHINA中国国家队特许上海旗舰店位于新晋潮流街区永源路。项目在当代语境中诠释体育精神,将国家队的热血与荣耀同上海的城市脉动紧密相连,让空间化身为体育文化与都市生活交融的场所。从国家队的品牌视觉资产出发,设计师提炼并塑...TEAM CHINA中国国家队特许上海旗舰店位于新晋潮流街区永源路。项目在当代语境中诠释体育精神,将国家队的热血与荣耀同上海的城市脉动紧密相连,让空间化身为体育文化与都市生活交融的场所。从国家队的品牌视觉资产出发,设计师提炼并塑造出“红色能量带”这一空间符号。灵感源自延绵的赛道、律动的心率和竞技体育的起伏征程。这条“红带”从街区延伸至店内,在空间中自然流淌,它既是展览装置,又是陈列载体,构建出空间的视觉主线与动线导引。展开更多
Zhang Guoyong,LüSiqing,and China Philharmonic Orchestra Date:March 6,2026 Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts China Philharmonic Orchestra(CPO)teams up with Zhang Guoyong and LüSiqing to perform wo...Zhang Guoyong,LüSiqing,and China Philharmonic Orchestra Date:March 6,2026 Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts China Philharmonic Orchestra(CPO)teams up with Zhang Guoyong and LüSiqing to perform works by Samuel Barber and Dmitry Shostakovich for commemorating the 120th anniversary of Shostakovich’s birth.Conductor Zhang Guoyong is a professor of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music and music director of Guiyang Symphony Orchestra and Qingdao Symphony Orchestra.展开更多
On October 22, the China Institute of Strategy and Management and the U.S. Brookings Institution jointly held the China-U.S. Strategic Forum on Clean Energy Cooperation. At the opening session of the forum, Zheng Biji...On October 22, the China Institute of Strategy and Management and the U.S. Brookings Institution jointly held the China-U.S. Strategic Forum on Clean Energy Cooperation. At the opening session of the forum, Zheng Bijian, Chairman of the China Institute of Strategy and Management, gave a keynote speech. Edited excerpts follow:展开更多
In the field of autonomous robots,achieving complete precision is challenging,underscoring the need for human intervention,particularly in ensuring safety.Human Autonomy Teaming(HAT)is crucial for promoting safe and e...In the field of autonomous robots,achieving complete precision is challenging,underscoring the need for human intervention,particularly in ensuring safety.Human Autonomy Teaming(HAT)is crucial for promoting safe and efficient human-robot collaboration in dynamic indoor environments.This paper introduces a framework designed to address these precision gaps,enhancing safety and robotic interactions within such settings.Central to our approach is a hybrid graph system that integrates the Generalized Voronoi Diagram(GVD)with spatio-temporal graphs,effectively combining human feedback,environmental factors,and key waypoints.An integral component of this system is the improved Node Selection Algorithm(iNSA),which utilizes the revised Grey Wolf Optimization(rGWO)for better adaptability and performance.Furthermore,an obstacle tracking model is employed to provide predictive data,enhancing the efficiency of the system.Human insights play a critical role,from supplying initial environmental data and determining key waypoints to intervening during unexpected challenges or dynamic environmental changes.Extensive simulation and comparison tests confirm the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed model,highlighting its unique advantages in the domain of HAT.This comprehensive approach ensures that the system remains robust and responsive to the complexities of real-world applications.展开更多
In recent years,large vision-language models(VLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in cross-modal understanding and generation.However,the safety issues arising from their multimodal interactions become promine...In recent years,large vision-language models(VLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in cross-modal understanding and generation.However,the safety issues arising from their multimodal interactions become prominent.VLMs are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks,where attackers craft carefully designed prompts to bypass safety mechanisms,leading them to generate harmful content.To address this,we investigate the alignment between visual inputs and task execution,uncovering locality defects and attention biases in VLMs.Based on these findings,we propose VOTI,a novel jailbreak framework leveraging visual obfuscation and task induction.VOTI subtly embeds malicious keywords within neutral image layouts to evade detection,and breaks down harmful queries into a sequence of subtasks.This approach disperses malicious intent across modalities,exploiting VLMs’over-reliance on local visual cues and their fragility in multi-step reasoning to bypass global safety mechanisms.Implemented as an automated framework,VOTI integrates large language models as red-team assistants to generate and iteratively optimize jailbreak strategies.Extensive experiments across seven mainstream VLMs demonstrate VOTI’s effectiveness,achieving a 73.46%attack success rate on GPT-4o-mini.These results reveal critical vulnerabilities in VLMs,highlighting the urgent need for improving robust defenses and multimodal alignment.展开更多
Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its as...Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its assessment.This review aims to collate and analyze the literature on the application of fNIRS in various team settings,emphasizing its potential utility in surgical environments.Methods:A thorough search and screening process across multiple databases resulted in 17 studies being reviewed,with a focus on the utilization of fNIRS to measure IBS in different collaborative tasks.This review examined the tasks employed,participant demographics,organizational structures of teams,methodologies for IBS measurement,and correlations between brain synchronization and behavioral measurements.Results:fNIRS emerged as a non-invasive,cost-effective,and portable tool,predominantly used to assess IBS in pair-based tasks with a variety of participant demographics.Wavelet transform coherence was the primary method used for measuring synchronization,particularly in the prefrontal brain region.A consistent correlation was found between increased brain synchronization and enhanced team performance,underscoring the potential of fNIRS in understanding and optimizing team dynamics.Conclusion:This review establishes fNIRS as a promising tool for investigating the neural mechanisms underlying team cooperation,providing invaluable insights for potential applications in surgical settings.While acknowledging the limitations in the current literature,the review highlights the need for further research with larger sample sizes and varied task complexities to solidify the understanding of IBS and its impact on team performance.The ultimate goal is to leverage fNIRS in assessing and improving surgical team dynamics,contributing to improved patient outcomes and safety.展开更多
SUMMARIES OF TOP NEWS STORIES CHINA-CAMEROON Free Health Services to School A Chinese medical team working in Cameroon on 4 April provided free health care services to a primary school in Mbalmayo.The services,includi...SUMMARIES OF TOP NEWS STORIES CHINA-CAMEROON Free Health Services to School A Chinese medical team working in Cameroon on 4 April provided free health care services to a primary school in Mbalmayo.The services,including dental checks,health counselling,and a lecture on infectious disease prevention,benefitted over 80 students and teachers of the school.展开更多
Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distingu...Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distinguish between agility and COD,as the latter involves a sudden change in direction without the presence of external stimuli.Objective This meta-analysis aims to summarize studies that have included COD and agility tests and explore the potential relationship between these two physical qualities.Method Following the PRISMA guidelines,a meta-analysis was conducted using studies published between 2005 and 2021.All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish,using an athlete population as participants.For all analyses,a significance level was set at P<0.05.Results The meta-analysis,which included 21 studies with 945 participants from various team sports,found a moderate correlation(r=0.46)between agility and COD.This study considers moderator variables such as Age,Sex,Sport,Test Pattern,Test Combination,and Agility Stimulus.Conclusion The results of this study revealed that while COD and agility have commonalities,these two constructs represent distinct different qualities.Younger participants show a stronger correlation between the two,emphasizing age-related differences in physical development.Coaches should consider these findings in designing training programs and assessments,tailoring approaches based on the specific demands of each skill.The study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced relationship between agility and COD in team sports.展开更多
This article comments on the research by Zhang et al on the role of advanced heart failure and transplant teams in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)management.The study by Zhang et al indicates that direct adv...This article comments on the research by Zhang et al on the role of advanced heart failure and transplant teams in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)management.The study by Zhang et al indicates that direct advanced heart failure and transplant involvement improves survival in ECMO patients,especially those on veno-arterial ECMO.However,the optimal approach varies due to multiple factors.This article discusses the clinical implications,research design limitations,and future directions to enhance ECMO care.展开更多
Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the peak locomotor demands of match play and determine if these situations are replicated in training,and analyze their dynamics throughout the competitive microcycle in pr...Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the peak locomotor demands of match play and determine if these situations are replicated in training,and analyze their dynamics throughout the competitive microcycle in professional female soccer players based on their positions.Methods Measurements such as distance covered(DIS),high-speed running distance(HSRD),sprint distance(SPD),accelerating distance(ACCDIS),decelerating distance(DECDIS),and high metabolic load distance(HMLD)were registered during 1,3,5 and 10-min peak locomotor in both competitive matches(MD)and training sessions(ranked based on the number of days remaining until the next match,namely MD-4,MD-3,MD-2,and MD-1)within a competitive mesocycle.Results Central defenders were found to cover significantly less HMLD than full-backs and forwards,regardless of the time frame,as well as less HMLD than center midfielders in the 3,5 and 10-min time frames.Only in MD-3 did players exhibit a similar HMLD to MD,regardless of the analyzed time frame.Players covered significantly less HSRD and SPD in MD-2 and MD-1 compared to MD-3,and less HSRD in MD-4 compared to MD-3.Additionally,HSRD and SPD were significantly higher in MD-4 than in MD-1.There were no significant differences in HSRD or SPD relative to match play workload observed between positions within the same training session.Conclusion The microcycle showed a non-linear training load,with higher external loads in central sessions(e.g.,MD-3)and tapering strategies at the end of the microcycle in peak locomotor demands.展开更多
基金United States Office of Naval Research-Global(ONR-G)(N629091812140)。
文摘Transparency is a widely used but poorly defined term within the explainable artificial intelligence literature.This is due,in part,to the lack of an agreed definition and the overlap between the connected—sometimes used synonymously—concepts of interpretability and explainability.We assert that transparency is the overarching concept,with the tenets of interpretability,explainability,and predictability subordinate.We draw on a portfolio of definitions for each of these distinct concepts to propose a human-swarm-teaming transparency and trust architecture(HST3-Architecture).The architecture reinforces transparency as a key contributor towards situation awareness,and consequently as an enabler for effective trustworthy human-swarm teaming(HST).
文摘Your hometown is often a special place.It can be big or small.And it usually has an important place in your life and heart.You may not live there anymore.But you remember it well.Maybe you have warm feelings for your school,your friends and your neighbors there.You remember special places and fun times.There may be interesting museums or great sports teams in your hometown.You can tell people about them.
文摘The editorial team of JIPB would like to express sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their diligence and insightful feedback between January 1, 2025, and December 31, 2025. Your invaluable contributions are crucial in maintaining the high standards and quality of our journal. We look forward to your continued support in 2026.
文摘Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,listed below,have generously given their time and wisdom.The editorial team is grateful to all colleagues who have participated in this worthwhile endeavour.
文摘The final and award ceremony of the International Standardization Youth Star Competition 2025 were held in Qingdao on November 22-23.The competition attracted 236 teams nationwide who demonstrated great enthusiasm for participating in the standardization undertaking.The competition followed the mode of“the industry puts forward questions,and the academia provides solutions”.Shandong Port Group Co.,Ltd.,Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.,Ltd.(CATL),Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.,and Beijing Zhongbiaolvjian Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.set up themed tracks respectively,and competitors developed standard proposals for the corresponding themes.
文摘Zhang Guoyong,LüSiqing,and China Philharmonic Orchestra Date:March 6,2026 Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts China Philharmonic Orchestra(CPO)teams up with Zhang Guoyong and LüSiqing to perform works by Samuel Barber and Dmitry Shostakovich for commemorating the 120th anniversary of Shostakovich’s birth.Conductor Zhang Guoyong is a professor of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music and music director of Guiyang Symphony Orchestra and Qingdao Symphony Orchestra.
文摘On October 22, the China Institute of Strategy and Management and the U.S. Brookings Institution jointly held the China-U.S. Strategic Forum on Clean Energy Cooperation. At the opening session of the forum, Zheng Bijian, Chairman of the China Institute of Strategy and Management, gave a keynote speech. Edited excerpts follow:
基金supported by the Mississippi Space Grant Consortium under NASA EPSCoR RID grant.
文摘In the field of autonomous robots,achieving complete precision is challenging,underscoring the need for human intervention,particularly in ensuring safety.Human Autonomy Teaming(HAT)is crucial for promoting safe and efficient human-robot collaboration in dynamic indoor environments.This paper introduces a framework designed to address these precision gaps,enhancing safety and robotic interactions within such settings.Central to our approach is a hybrid graph system that integrates the Generalized Voronoi Diagram(GVD)with spatio-temporal graphs,effectively combining human feedback,environmental factors,and key waypoints.An integral component of this system is the improved Node Selection Algorithm(iNSA),which utilizes the revised Grey Wolf Optimization(rGWO)for better adaptability and performance.Furthermore,an obstacle tracking model is employed to provide predictive data,enhancing the efficiency of the system.Human insights play a critical role,from supplying initial environmental data and determining key waypoints to intervening during unexpected challenges or dynamic environmental changes.Extensive simulation and comparison tests confirm the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed model,highlighting its unique advantages in the domain of HAT.This comprehensive approach ensures that the system remains robust and responsive to the complexities of real-world applications.
文摘In recent years,large vision-language models(VLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in cross-modal understanding and generation.However,the safety issues arising from their multimodal interactions become prominent.VLMs are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks,where attackers craft carefully designed prompts to bypass safety mechanisms,leading them to generate harmful content.To address this,we investigate the alignment between visual inputs and task execution,uncovering locality defects and attention biases in VLMs.Based on these findings,we propose VOTI,a novel jailbreak framework leveraging visual obfuscation and task induction.VOTI subtly embeds malicious keywords within neutral image layouts to evade detection,and breaks down harmful queries into a sequence of subtasks.This approach disperses malicious intent across modalities,exploiting VLMs’over-reliance on local visual cues and their fragility in multi-step reasoning to bypass global safety mechanisms.Implemented as an automated framework,VOTI integrates large language models as red-team assistants to generate and iteratively optimize jailbreak strategies.Extensive experiments across seven mainstream VLMs demonstrate VOTI’s effectiveness,achieving a 73.46%attack success rate on GPT-4o-mini.These results reveal critical vulnerabilities in VLMs,highlighting the urgent need for improving robust defenses and multimodal alignment.
文摘Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its assessment.This review aims to collate and analyze the literature on the application of fNIRS in various team settings,emphasizing its potential utility in surgical environments.Methods:A thorough search and screening process across multiple databases resulted in 17 studies being reviewed,with a focus on the utilization of fNIRS to measure IBS in different collaborative tasks.This review examined the tasks employed,participant demographics,organizational structures of teams,methodologies for IBS measurement,and correlations between brain synchronization and behavioral measurements.Results:fNIRS emerged as a non-invasive,cost-effective,and portable tool,predominantly used to assess IBS in pair-based tasks with a variety of participant demographics.Wavelet transform coherence was the primary method used for measuring synchronization,particularly in the prefrontal brain region.A consistent correlation was found between increased brain synchronization and enhanced team performance,underscoring the potential of fNIRS in understanding and optimizing team dynamics.Conclusion:This review establishes fNIRS as a promising tool for investigating the neural mechanisms underlying team cooperation,providing invaluable insights for potential applications in surgical settings.While acknowledging the limitations in the current literature,the review highlights the need for further research with larger sample sizes and varied task complexities to solidify the understanding of IBS and its impact on team performance.The ultimate goal is to leverage fNIRS in assessing and improving surgical team dynamics,contributing to improved patient outcomes and safety.
文摘SUMMARIES OF TOP NEWS STORIES CHINA-CAMEROON Free Health Services to School A Chinese medical team working in Cameroon on 4 April provided free health care services to a primary school in Mbalmayo.The services,including dental checks,health counselling,and a lecture on infectious disease prevention,benefitted over 80 students and teachers of the school.
文摘Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distinguish between agility and COD,as the latter involves a sudden change in direction without the presence of external stimuli.Objective This meta-analysis aims to summarize studies that have included COD and agility tests and explore the potential relationship between these two physical qualities.Method Following the PRISMA guidelines,a meta-analysis was conducted using studies published between 2005 and 2021.All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish,using an athlete population as participants.For all analyses,a significance level was set at P<0.05.Results The meta-analysis,which included 21 studies with 945 participants from various team sports,found a moderate correlation(r=0.46)between agility and COD.This study considers moderator variables such as Age,Sex,Sport,Test Pattern,Test Combination,and Agility Stimulus.Conclusion The results of this study revealed that while COD and agility have commonalities,these two constructs represent distinct different qualities.Younger participants show a stronger correlation between the two,emphasizing age-related differences in physical development.Coaches should consider these findings in designing training programs and assessments,tailoring approaches based on the specific demands of each skill.The study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced relationship between agility and COD in team sports.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200353Jiangsu Province Double Innovation Doctoral Program,No.JSSCBS20221948+3 种基金Suzhou Gusu Health Talent Program,No.(2022)043Suzhou Gusu Health Talent Plan Talent Research Project,No.GSWS2022014Jiangsu Province College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project,No.202410285087Zand“Boxi”Talent Casting Plan of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University。
文摘This article comments on the research by Zhang et al on the role of advanced heart failure and transplant teams in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)management.The study by Zhang et al indicates that direct advanced heart failure and transplant involvement improves survival in ECMO patients,especially those on veno-arterial ECMO.However,the optimal approach varies due to multiple factors.This article discusses the clinical implications,research design limitations,and future directions to enhance ECMO care.
基金supported by Proyecto:Red en valoración del Fitness femenino.Clave Orgánica:AL 96.
文摘Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the peak locomotor demands of match play and determine if these situations are replicated in training,and analyze their dynamics throughout the competitive microcycle in professional female soccer players based on their positions.Methods Measurements such as distance covered(DIS),high-speed running distance(HSRD),sprint distance(SPD),accelerating distance(ACCDIS),decelerating distance(DECDIS),and high metabolic load distance(HMLD)were registered during 1,3,5 and 10-min peak locomotor in both competitive matches(MD)and training sessions(ranked based on the number of days remaining until the next match,namely MD-4,MD-3,MD-2,and MD-1)within a competitive mesocycle.Results Central defenders were found to cover significantly less HMLD than full-backs and forwards,regardless of the time frame,as well as less HMLD than center midfielders in the 3,5 and 10-min time frames.Only in MD-3 did players exhibit a similar HMLD to MD,regardless of the analyzed time frame.Players covered significantly less HSRD and SPD in MD-2 and MD-1 compared to MD-3,and less HSRD in MD-4 compared to MD-3.Additionally,HSRD and SPD were significantly higher in MD-4 than in MD-1.There were no significant differences in HSRD or SPD relative to match play workload observed between positions within the same training session.Conclusion The microcycle showed a non-linear training load,with higher external loads in central sessions(e.g.,MD-3)and tapering strategies at the end of the microcycle in peak locomotor demands.
