T-box transcription factor T(TBXT;T)is required for mesodermal formation and axial skeletal development.Although it has been extensively studied in various model organisms,human congenital vertebral malformations(CVMs...T-box transcription factor T(TBXT;T)is required for mesodermal formation and axial skeletal development.Although it has been extensively studied in various model organisms,human congenital vertebral malformations(CVMs)involving T are not well established.Here,we report a family with 15 CVM patients distributed across 4 generations.All affected individuals carry a heterozygous mutation,T c.596A>G(p.Q199R),which is not found in unaffected family members,indicating co-segregation of the genotype and phenotype.In vitro assays show that T p.Q199R increases the nucleocytoplasmic ratio and enhances its DNA-binding affinity,but reduces its transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type.To determine the pathogenicity of this mutation in vivo,we generated a Q199R knock-in mouse model that recapitulates the human CVM phenotype.Most heterozygous Q199R mice show subtle kinked or shortened tails,while homozygous mice exhibit tail filaments and severe vertebral deformities.Overall,we show that the Q199R mutation in T causes CVM in humans and mice,providing previously unreported evidence supporting the function of T in the genetic etiology of human CVM.展开更多
Dear Editor,The T-box transcription factor T(TBXT,T,Brachyuary)gene has been identified as a tissue-specific transcriptional factor in vertebrates,regulating mesoderm formation and notochord differentiation during emb...Dear Editor,The T-box transcription factor T(TBXT,T,Brachyuary)gene has been identified as a tissue-specific transcriptional factor in vertebrates,regulating mesoderm formation and notochord differentiation during embryonic development(Kispert et al.,1995).Tbxt knockout heterozygous mice exhibited varying degrees of tail shortening,while homozygous mice died at approximately E10.0,and displayed severe defects in somite formation and neural tube development(Abe et al.,2000).展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2701101 to H.W.and X.Y.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930036 and 82150008 to H.W.,and 31000542 to X.Y.)the Commission of Science and Technology of Shanghai Municipality(20JC1418500 to H.W.).
文摘T-box transcription factor T(TBXT;T)is required for mesodermal formation and axial skeletal development.Although it has been extensively studied in various model organisms,human congenital vertebral malformations(CVMs)involving T are not well established.Here,we report a family with 15 CVM patients distributed across 4 generations.All affected individuals carry a heterozygous mutation,T c.596A>G(p.Q199R),which is not found in unaffected family members,indicating co-segregation of the genotype and phenotype.In vitro assays show that T p.Q199R increases the nucleocytoplasmic ratio and enhances its DNA-binding affinity,but reduces its transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type.To determine the pathogenicity of this mutation in vivo,we generated a Q199R knock-in mouse model that recapitulates the human CVM phenotype.Most heterozygous Q199R mice show subtle kinked or shortened tails,while homozygous mice exhibit tail filaments and severe vertebral deformities.Overall,we show that the Q199R mutation in T causes CVM in humans and mice,providing previously unreported evidence supporting the function of T in the genetic etiology of human CVM.
基金supported by the Basic Science Center Program(32488101)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(B2402004)+1 种基金Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM202311005)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(FCK-92724413-2024-025)。
文摘Dear Editor,The T-box transcription factor T(TBXT,T,Brachyuary)gene has been identified as a tissue-specific transcriptional factor in vertebrates,regulating mesoderm formation and notochord differentiation during embryonic development(Kispert et al.,1995).Tbxt knockout heterozygous mice exhibited varying degrees of tail shortening,while homozygous mice died at approximately E10.0,and displayed severe defects in somite formation and neural tube development(Abe et al.,2000).
