Three common species of Miniopterus fuliginosus,M.magnater and M.pusillus are known to inhabit China.However,M.fuliginosus and M.magnater are so similar in external morphology as to pose great challenges for accurate ...Three common species of Miniopterus fuliginosus,M.magnater and M.pusillus are known to inhabit China.However,M.fuliginosus and M.magnater are so similar in external morphology as to pose great challenges for accurate classification.Furthermore,taxonomic statuses,distribution ranges and taxonomic keys of these three species have remained controversial.For addressing these outstanding issues,the authors integrated molecular phylogenetic analyses,ensemble species distribution models(ESDMs),multiple morphological comparisons and decision tree algorithms for reassessing their taxonomy and distribution in China.Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene phylogeny revealed three distinct monophyletic groups corresponding to M.fuliginosus,M.magnater and M.pusillus.And the observed distribution patterns indicated M.fuliginosus had a broad distribution across China while M.magnater and M.pusillus exhibited a more restricted distribution,overlapping with M.fuliginosus in South China.And cranial morphometry indicated M.magnater was slightly larger than M.fuliginosus and significantly larger than M.pusillus.Also three-dimensional(3D)skull geomorphometry uncovered distinct features for each species in rostrum,braincase,tympanic bullae and mandibular shape.Decision tree algorithms helped to identify forearm length,braincase breadth and width across the third upper molars as three major taxonomic keys for assisting species identification.This study corroborated the importance of integrative approaches for identifying Miniopterus species and validated a methodological approach applicable to other cryptic species complexes.展开更多
The subfamily Oxyporinae is easily distinguished from the other subfamilies of the family Staphylinidae by its large,colourful body,elongate mandibles and large crescent-shaped terminal labial palpi.It was once compri...The subfamily Oxyporinae is easily distinguished from the other subfamilies of the family Staphylinidae by its large,colourful body,elongate mandibles and large crescent-shaped terminal labial palpi.It was once comprised only one genus,Oxyporus Fabricius,1775,then a new genus was separated from the nominated genus (Nakane&Sawade,1956),namely Pseudoxyporus.Although the taxonomic validity of Pseudoxyporus was controversial and was treated as a subgenus of Oxyporus (Campbell,1969;Hanley&Goodrich,1995;Herman,2001;Zheng&Song,2010;Tokareva et al.,2021),rencent catalogues and online checklist usually treated it as a valid genus (Shibata,1997;Ito,1999;Schülke&Smetana,2015;Kim et al.,2016;Newton,2022).Based on the structural differences in parameres of aedeagus,and the more cylindrical antennomeres,here we followed the 2-genera-system.展开更多
The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates during the Eocene represents a major tectonic shift that significantly altered biotic dynamics and promoted species diversification across the Oriental region.To explain...The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates during the Eocene represents a major tectonic shift that significantly altered biotic dynamics and promoted species diversification across the Oriental region.To explain the diversification of taxa from the Indian subcontinent into Southeast Asia,two principal hypotheses have been proposed:the“Biotic-ferry”and“Step-stone”models.The subfamily Perittopinae,a lineage of semi-aquatic bugs comprising a single genus and 20 extant species,provides an ideal system for testing these hypotheses due to its disjunct distribution spanning the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.This study conducted a comprehensive taxonomic analysis of the entire subfamily,incorporating newly defined morphological characters and multilocus phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and historical biogeography.Morphological and phylogenetic evidence confirmed the monophyly of Perittopinae and supported the establishment of three new genera-Indoperittopus gen.nov.,Pachyperittopus gen.nov.,and Falciperittopus gen.nov.-in addition to four new species and four new combinations.Biogeographic reconstructions indicated a southern Indian origin,with initial diversification potentially occurring during the mid-Paleocene,coinciding with the major phases of the India-Eurasia collision.Subsequent range expansion over marine barriers facilitated colonization of the northern Sunda Shelf,consistent with the“Step-stone”dispersal mechanism.Later northward expansion from the southern Sunda Shelf during the early Miocene triggered further diversification of the genus Perittopus within the Indo-China Peninsula.These findings advance understanding of Perittopinae systematics,phylogeny,and historical biogeography,identifying the northward drift of the Indian plate and its eventual collision with Eurasia as catalysts of diversification within this semi-aquatic lineage.展开更多
Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic ...Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic relationships within the family with plastid phylogenomic analyses providing robust support for deep-level relationships between Lauraceae lineages,leading to the recognition of nine tribes:Hypodaphnideae,Cryptocaryeae,Cassytheae,Neocinnamomeae,Caryodaphnopsideae,Mezilaureae,Perseeae,Laureae,and Cinnamomeae,with Mezilaureae validated here.Nuclear genomes and comparative genomics studies have also clarified aspects of the family’s evolutionary history and metabolic diversity.Taxonomic studies have focused mainly on the most diverse regions,e.g.,tropical Asia,tropical America,and Africa(Madagascar),with six new genera described and five reinstated since the last major overview of the family.The extensive fossil record suggests that Lauraceae diversified globally during the Late Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic.Biogeographic studies indicate that different lineages of the family are sorted into Gondwanan and Laurasian lineages,with patterns resulting from the disruption of boreotropical flora and multiple long-distance dispersal events.Phylogeographic studies,predominantly from East Asia,have shown patterns of in situ survival and demographic stability or expansion during the Quaternary.Nevertheless,many systematic relationships within the family remain unresolved and further research is needed into the complex biogeographic history and ecological roles of Lauraceae.A multifaceted approach integrating genomic studies,field work,morphological and ecological investigations is therefore needed to understand the evolution and diversity of this ecologically and economically significant plant family.展开更多
The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),combined with the Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),is transforming industrial automation but also poses great cybersecurity threats because of the complexity and connectivity of the ...The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),combined with the Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),is transforming industrial automation but also poses great cybersecurity threats because of the complexity and connectivity of the systems.There is a lack of explainability,challenges with imbalanced attack classes,and limited consideration of practical edge–cloud deployment strategies in prior works.In the proposed study,we suggest an Impact-Aware Taxonomy-Driven Machine Learning Framework with Edge Deployment and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)-based Explainable AI(XAI)to attack detection and classification in IIoT-CPS settings.It includes not only unsupervised clustering(K-Means and DBSCAN)to extract latent traffic patterns but also supervised classification based on taxonomy to classify 33 different kinds of attacks into seven high-level categories:Flood Attacks,Botnet/Mirai,Reconnaissance,Spoofing/Man-In-The-Middle(MITM),Injection Attacks,Backdoors/Exploits,and Benign.The three machine learning algorithms,Random Forest,XGBoost,and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),were trained on a realworld dataset of more than 1 million network traffic records,with overall accuracy of 99.4%(RF),99.5%(XGBoost),and 99.1%(MLP).Rare types of attacks,such as injection attacks and backdoors,were examined even in the case of extreme imbalance between the classes.SHAP-based XAI was performed on every model to help gain transparency and trust in the model and identify important features that drive the classification decisions,such as inter-arrival time,TCP flags,and protocol type.A workable edge-computing implementation strategy is proposed,whereby lightweight computing is performed at the edge devices and heavy,computation-intensive analytics is performed at the cloud.This framework is highly accurate,interpretable,and has real-time application,hence a robust and scalable solution to securing IIoT-CPS infrastructure against dynamic cyber-attacks.展开更多
The composition vector tree(CVTree)method,developed under the leadership of Professor Hao Bailin,is an alignment-free algorithm for constructing phylogenetic trees.Although initially designed for studying prokaryotic ...The composition vector tree(CVTree)method,developed under the leadership of Professor Hao Bailin,is an alignment-free algorithm for constructing phylogenetic trees.Although initially designed for studying prokaryotic evolution based on whole-genome,it has demonstrated broad applicability across diverse biological systems and gene sequences.In this study,we employed two methods,InterList and Hao,of CVTree to investigate the phylogeny and taxonomy of prokaryote based on the 16S rRNA sequences from All-Species Living Tree Project.We have established a comprehensive phylogenetic tree that incorporates the majority of species documented in human scientific knowledge and compared it with the taxonomy of prokaryotes.And the performance of CVTree was also compared with multiple sequence alignment-based approaches.Our results revealed that CVTree methods achieve computational speeds 1-3 orders of magnitude faster than conventional alignment methods while maintaining high consistency with established taxonomic relationships,even outperforming some multiple sequence alignment methods.These findings confirm CVTree’s effectiveness and efficiency not only for whole-genome evolutionary studies but also for phylogenetic and taxonomic investigations based on genes.展开更多
The taxonomy of the ant genus Odontomachus Latreille,1804 from China is discussed.A new species,Odontomachus goumang sp.nov.,is described.Odontomachus simillimus is recognized as a new record species in China.Odontoma...The taxonomy of the ant genus Odontomachus Latreille,1804 from China is discussed.A new species,Odontomachus goumang sp.nov.,is described.Odontomachus simillimus is recognized as a new record species in China.Odontomachus goumang sp.nov.can be easily distinguished with other Odontomachus species in China by the large size(HL 3.55-4.02 mm),and the distinctly convex propodeal dorsum.A key to the worker caste of Chinese species of Odontomachus is provided.展开更多
The taxonomy characteriazation and cadmium （Cd） biosorption of the high Cd-resistant fungus M1 were investigated. The internal transcribed spacers （ITS） region and β-tubulin genes of the strain were amplified, se...The taxonomy characteriazation and cadmium （Cd） biosorption of the high Cd-resistant fungus M1 were investigated. The internal transcribed spacers （ITS） region and β-tubulin genes of the strain were amplified, sequenced and analyzed by molecular biology technology. The Cd biosorption assay was performed by shaking flask. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the mycelium. The similarity of gene sequences and phylogenetic trees show the very close relation between the strain and Paecilomyces lilacinus, and the fungus M1 was identified as P. Lilacinus. The initial pH 6 and Cd concentration about 100 mg/L are optimum. Zn and Mn have a little effect on the Cd biosorption of the strain, while Cu and Pb present obvious effects. FTIR analysis shows that the fungus adsorbs Cd by esters, anhydride, and amide. With the preferable absorption capacity, fungus M1 is considered to have good prospects in bioremediation.展开更多
Many researches have been carried out on the taxonomy of Betula in northeast of China, but the classification of species and subdivision of species had some divergences at all times, which led to a disorder for develo...Many researches have been carried out on the taxonomy of Betula in northeast of China, but the classification of species and subdivision of species had some divergences at all times, which led to a disorder for developing and utilizing resources of Betula. In this paper, species and subdivision of Betula were classified not only according to the wax sample of Betula but also the comprehensive taxonomy of population characters, geographical distribution, and the habitat. Theconclusion supported the Fu Pei-yuns?(1995) viewpoint of the taxonomy of Betula in the northeast of China. But B. mandshurica (Regel) Nakai should be considered as one single species, the name of B. platyphyla Suk.var phellodendroidesTung should be the synonym of B. platyphyla var platyphyla, and B. ermanii Cham.var.yingkiliensis liou et Wang should be incorporated into B. ermanii Cham. B. ovalifolia Rupr should not be regarded as a variety of B. fruticosa Pall. but as one single species.展开更多
Distributed data sources which employ taxonomy hierarchy to describe the contents of their objects are considered, and a super-peer-based semantic overlay network （SSON） is proposed for sharing and searching their d...Distributed data sources which employ taxonomy hierarchy to describe the contents of their objects are considered, and a super-peer-based semantic overlay network （SSON） is proposed for sharing and searching their data objects. In SSON, peers are dynamically clustered into many semantic clusters based on the semantics of their data objects and organized in the semantic clusters into a semantic overlay network. Each semantic cluster consists of a super-peer and more peers, and is only responsible for answering queries in its semantic subspace. A query is first routed to the appropriate semantic clusters by an efficient searching algorithm, and then it is forwarded to the specific peers that hold the relevant data objects. Experimental results indicate that SSON has good scalability and achieves a competitive trade-off between search efficiency and costs.展开更多
Taxonomy plays an important role in understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological functionality of biodiversity. There are large number of unknown species yet to be described by taxonomists, which together with ...Taxonomy plays an important role in understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological functionality of biodiversity. There are large number of unknown species yet to be described by taxonomists, which together with their ecosystem services cannot be effectively protected prior to description. Despite this, taxonomy has been increasingly underrated insufficient funds and permanent positions to retain young talents. Further, the impact factordriven evaluation systems in China exacerbate this downward trend, so alternative evaluation metrics are urgently necessary. When the current generation of outstanding taxonomists retires,there will be too few remaining taxonomists left to train the next generation. In light of these challenges, all co-authors worked together on this paper to analyze the current situation of taxonomy and put out a joint call for immediate actions to advance taxonomy in China.展开更多
The taxonomy of Ainu Lewis, 1894 from China is discussed. The new species, Ainu sichuanus sp. nov., is described, including a key to the species of Ainu from China. A distribution map of Chinese species of Ainu is pro...The taxonomy of Ainu Lewis, 1894 from China is discussed. The new species, Ainu sichuanus sp. nov., is described, including a key to the species of Ainu from China. A distribution map of Chinese species of Ainu is provided.展开更多
The paper deals with Thai species of the genus Uloma Dejean. Three newly recorded species, Uloma longolineata Liu Ren, 2007, Uloma zhengi Liu Ren, 2007 and Uloma javana Gebien, 1912, all from Thailand are recorded in ...The paper deals with Thai species of the genus Uloma Dejean. Three newly recorded species, Uloma longolineata Liu Ren, 2007, Uloma zhengi Liu Ren, 2007 and Uloma javana Gebien, 1912, all from Thailand are recorded in this paper. A key and photos of the known species of Uloma from Thailand are presented. A redescription of the male and the first description of the female of Uloma rufilabris Fairmaire, 1882 are also provided.展开更多
Patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and density in various soil types or locations are the foundation for examining the role of soil in the global carbon cycle. An assessment of SOC storage and density patte...Patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and density in various soil types or locations are the foundation for examining the role of soil in the global carbon cycle. An assessment of SOC storage and density patterns in China based on soil types as defined by Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) and the recently compiled digital 1:1000000 Soil Database of China was conducted to generate a rigorous database for the future study of SOC storage. First, SOC densities of 7 292 soil profiles were calculated and linked by soil type to polygons of a digital soil map using geographic information system resulting in a 1:1 000 000 SOC density distribution map of China. Further results showed that soils in China covered 9 281×103 km2 with a total SOC storage of 89.14 Gt and a mean SOC density 96.0 t ha-1. Among the 14 CST orders, Cambosols and Argosols constituted high percentage of China's total SOC storage, while Andosols, Vertosols, and Spodsols had a low percentage. As for SOC density, Histosols were the highest, while Primosols were the lowest. Specific patterns of SOC storage of various soil types at the CST suborder, group, and subgroup levels were also described. Results obtained from the study of SOC storage and density of all CST soil types would be not only useful for international comparative research, but also for more accurately estimating and monitoring of changes of SOC storage in China.展开更多
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(32192421)the Special Grant Foundations for National Science and &Technology Basic Research Program of China(2021FY100303)the DFGP Project of Fauna of Guangdong Province(202115)。
文摘Three common species of Miniopterus fuliginosus,M.magnater and M.pusillus are known to inhabit China.However,M.fuliginosus and M.magnater are so similar in external morphology as to pose great challenges for accurate classification.Furthermore,taxonomic statuses,distribution ranges and taxonomic keys of these three species have remained controversial.For addressing these outstanding issues,the authors integrated molecular phylogenetic analyses,ensemble species distribution models(ESDMs),multiple morphological comparisons and decision tree algorithms for reassessing their taxonomy and distribution in China.Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene phylogeny revealed three distinct monophyletic groups corresponding to M.fuliginosus,M.magnater and M.pusillus.And the observed distribution patterns indicated M.fuliginosus had a broad distribution across China while M.magnater and M.pusillus exhibited a more restricted distribution,overlapping with M.fuliginosus in South China.And cranial morphometry indicated M.magnater was slightly larger than M.fuliginosus and significantly larger than M.pusillus.Also three-dimensional(3D)skull geomorphometry uncovered distinct features for each species in rostrum,braincase,tympanic bullae and mandibular shape.Decision tree algorithms helped to identify forearm length,braincase breadth and width across the third upper molars as three major taxonomic keys for assisting species identification.This study corroborated the importance of integrative approaches for identifying Miniopterus species and validated a methodological approach applicable to other cryptic species complexes.
基金supported by China West Normal University (17YC352)。
文摘The subfamily Oxyporinae is easily distinguished from the other subfamilies of the family Staphylinidae by its large,colourful body,elongate mandibles and large crescent-shaped terminal labial palpi.It was once comprised only one genus,Oxyporus Fabricius,1775,then a new genus was separated from the nominated genus (Nakane&Sawade,1956),namely Pseudoxyporus.Although the taxonomic validity of Pseudoxyporus was controversial and was treated as a subgenus of Oxyporus (Campbell,1969;Hanley&Goodrich,1995;Herman,2001;Zheng&Song,2010;Tokareva et al.,2021),rencent catalogues and online checklist usually treated it as a valid genus (Shibata,1997;Ito,1999;Schülke&Smetana,2015;Kim et al.,2016;Newton,2022).Based on the structural differences in parameres of aedeagus,and the more cylindrical antennomeres,here we followed the 2-genera-system.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China(24JCYBJC01910)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322012,32470467)。
文摘The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates during the Eocene represents a major tectonic shift that significantly altered biotic dynamics and promoted species diversification across the Oriental region.To explain the diversification of taxa from the Indian subcontinent into Southeast Asia,two principal hypotheses have been proposed:the“Biotic-ferry”and“Step-stone”models.The subfamily Perittopinae,a lineage of semi-aquatic bugs comprising a single genus and 20 extant species,provides an ideal system for testing these hypotheses due to its disjunct distribution spanning the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.This study conducted a comprehensive taxonomic analysis of the entire subfamily,incorporating newly defined morphological characters and multilocus phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and historical biogeography.Morphological and phylogenetic evidence confirmed the monophyly of Perittopinae and supported the establishment of three new genera-Indoperittopus gen.nov.,Pachyperittopus gen.nov.,and Falciperittopus gen.nov.-in addition to four new species and four new combinations.Biogeographic reconstructions indicated a southern Indian origin,with initial diversification potentially occurring during the mid-Paleocene,coinciding with the major phases of the India-Eurasia collision.Subsequent range expansion over marine barriers facilitated colonization of the northern Sunda Shelf,consistent with the“Step-stone”dispersal mechanism.Later northward expansion from the southern Sunda Shelf during the early Miocene triggered further diversification of the genus Perittopus within the Indo-China Peninsula.These findings advance understanding of Perittopinae systematics,phylogeny,and historical biogeography,identifying the northward drift of the Indian plate and its eventual collision with Eurasia as catalysts of diversification within this semi-aquatic lineage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970222,31770569,31500454,31500165,32260060,32270217,32260056,31970223,32400180)the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(2017FY100100,2017FY100102)+7 种基金Biodiversity Conservation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSSD-013)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601200,2023YFF0805800)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202201AS070055,202301AU070224)the 14th Five-Year Plan of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences(XTBG-1450101)Australian Research Council grant(DP130104314)RSNZ Marsden grant(11-UOO-043)Xingdian Talent Support Program(XDRC-QNRC-2022-0323)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2022QC214).
文摘Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic relationships within the family with plastid phylogenomic analyses providing robust support for deep-level relationships between Lauraceae lineages,leading to the recognition of nine tribes:Hypodaphnideae,Cryptocaryeae,Cassytheae,Neocinnamomeae,Caryodaphnopsideae,Mezilaureae,Perseeae,Laureae,and Cinnamomeae,with Mezilaureae validated here.Nuclear genomes and comparative genomics studies have also clarified aspects of the family’s evolutionary history and metabolic diversity.Taxonomic studies have focused mainly on the most diverse regions,e.g.,tropical Asia,tropical America,and Africa(Madagascar),with six new genera described and five reinstated since the last major overview of the family.The extensive fossil record suggests that Lauraceae diversified globally during the Late Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic.Biogeographic studies indicate that different lineages of the family are sorted into Gondwanan and Laurasian lineages,with patterns resulting from the disruption of boreotropical flora and multiple long-distance dispersal events.Phylogeographic studies,predominantly from East Asia,have shown patterns of in situ survival and demographic stability or expansion during the Quaternary.Nevertheless,many systematic relationships within the family remain unresolved and further research is needed into the complex biogeographic history and ecological roles of Lauraceae.A multifaceted approach integrating genomic studies,field work,morphological and ecological investigations is therefore needed to understand the evolution and diversity of this ecologically and economically significant plant family.
基金funded by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan(Grant No.AP23489127)。
文摘The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT),combined with the Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),is transforming industrial automation but also poses great cybersecurity threats because of the complexity and connectivity of the systems.There is a lack of explainability,challenges with imbalanced attack classes,and limited consideration of practical edge–cloud deployment strategies in prior works.In the proposed study,we suggest an Impact-Aware Taxonomy-Driven Machine Learning Framework with Edge Deployment and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)-based Explainable AI(XAI)to attack detection and classification in IIoT-CPS settings.It includes not only unsupervised clustering(K-Means and DBSCAN)to extract latent traffic patterns but also supervised classification based on taxonomy to classify 33 different kinds of attacks into seven high-level categories:Flood Attacks,Botnet/Mirai,Reconnaissance,Spoofing/Man-In-The-Middle(MITM),Injection Attacks,Backdoors/Exploits,and Benign.The three machine learning algorithms,Random Forest,XGBoost,and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),were trained on a realworld dataset of more than 1 million network traffic records,with overall accuracy of 99.4%(RF),99.5%(XGBoost),and 99.1%(MLP).Rare types of attacks,such as injection attacks and backdoors,were examined even in the case of extreme imbalance between the classes.SHAP-based XAI was performed on every model to help gain transparency and trust in the model and identify important features that drive the classification decisions,such as inter-arrival time,TCP flags,and protocol type.A workable edge-computing implementation strategy is proposed,whereby lightweight computing is performed at the edge devices and heavy,computation-intensive analytics is performed at the cloud.This framework is highly accurate,interpretable,and has real-time application,hence a robust and scalable solution to securing IIoT-CPS infrastructure against dynamic cyber-attacks.
基金the Wenzhou Institute,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.WIUCASQD2021042).
文摘The composition vector tree(CVTree)method,developed under the leadership of Professor Hao Bailin,is an alignment-free algorithm for constructing phylogenetic trees.Although initially designed for studying prokaryotic evolution based on whole-genome,it has demonstrated broad applicability across diverse biological systems and gene sequences.In this study,we employed two methods,InterList and Hao,of CVTree to investigate the phylogeny and taxonomy of prokaryote based on the 16S rRNA sequences from All-Species Living Tree Project.We have established a comprehensive phylogenetic tree that incorporates the majority of species documented in human scientific knowledge and compared it with the taxonomy of prokaryotes.And the performance of CVTree was also compared with multiple sequence alignment-based approaches.Our results revealed that CVTree methods achieve computational speeds 1-3 orders of magnitude faster than conventional alignment methods while maintaining high consistency with established taxonomic relationships,even outperforming some multiple sequence alignment methods.These findings confirm CVTree’s effectiveness and efficiency not only for whole-genome evolutionary studies but also for phylogenetic and taxonomic investigations based on genes.
文摘The taxonomy of the ant genus Odontomachus Latreille,1804 from China is discussed.A new species,Odontomachus goumang sp.nov.,is described.Odontomachus simillimus is recognized as a new record species in China.Odontomachus goumang sp.nov.can be easily distinguished with other Odontomachus species in China by the large size(HL 3.55-4.02 mm),and the distinctly convex propodeal dorsum.A key to the worker caste of Chinese species of Odontomachus is provided.
基金Project(50925417)supported by the National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientist,ChinaProject(2012BAC09B04)supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program,China+2 种基金Project supported by the Post-doctoral Program of Central South University,ChinaProjects(31100082,61171061)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012SK4028)supported by the Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province,China
文摘The taxonomy characteriazation and cadmium （Cd） biosorption of the high Cd-resistant fungus M1 were investigated. The internal transcribed spacers （ITS） region and β-tubulin genes of the strain were amplified, sequenced and analyzed by molecular biology technology. The Cd biosorption assay was performed by shaking flask. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the mycelium. The similarity of gene sequences and phylogenetic trees show the very close relation between the strain and Paecilomyces lilacinus, and the fungus M1 was identified as P. Lilacinus. The initial pH 6 and Cd concentration about 100 mg/L are optimum. Zn and Mn have a little effect on the Cd biosorption of the strain, while Cu and Pb present obvious effects. FTIR analysis shows that the fungus adsorbs Cd by esters, anhydride, and amide. With the preferable absorption capacity, fungus M1 is considered to have good prospects in bioremediation.
文摘Many researches have been carried out on the taxonomy of Betula in northeast of China, but the classification of species and subdivision of species had some divergences at all times, which led to a disorder for developing and utilizing resources of Betula. In this paper, species and subdivision of Betula were classified not only according to the wax sample of Betula but also the comprehensive taxonomy of population characters, geographical distribution, and the habitat. Theconclusion supported the Fu Pei-yuns?(1995) viewpoint of the taxonomy of Betula in the northeast of China. But B. mandshurica (Regel) Nakai should be considered as one single species, the name of B. platyphyla Suk.var phellodendroidesTung should be the synonym of B. platyphyla var platyphyla, and B. ermanii Cham.var.yingkiliensis liou et Wang should be incorporated into B. ermanii Cham. B. ovalifolia Rupr should not be regarded as a variety of B. fruticosa Pall. but as one single species.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No60573089)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No20052031)the National High Technology Research and Develop-ment Program of China (863Program)(No2006AA09Z139)
文摘Distributed data sources which employ taxonomy hierarchy to describe the contents of their objects are considered, and a super-peer-based semantic overlay network （SSON） is proposed for sharing and searching their data objects. In SSON, peers are dynamically clustered into many semantic clusters based on the semantics of their data objects and organized in the semantic clusters into a semantic overlay network. Each semantic cluster consists of a super-peer and more peers, and is only responsible for answering queries in its semantic subspace. A query is first routed to the appropriate semantic clusters by an efficient searching algorithm, and then it is forwarded to the specific peers that hold the relevant data objects. Experimental results indicate that SSON has good scalability and achieves a competitive trade-off between search efficiency and costs.
基金mainly supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (31625024)a grant (2008DP173354) from the Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Taxonomy plays an important role in understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological functionality of biodiversity. There are large number of unknown species yet to be described by taxonomists, which together with their ecosystem services cannot be effectively protected prior to description. Despite this, taxonomy has been increasingly underrated insufficient funds and permanent positions to retain young talents. Further, the impact factordriven evaluation systems in China exacerbate this downward trend, so alternative evaluation metrics are urgently necessary. When the current generation of outstanding taxonomists retires,there will be too few remaining taxonomists left to train the next generation. In light of these challenges, all co-authors worked together on this paper to analyze the current situation of taxonomy and put out a joint call for immediate actions to advance taxonomy in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Foundation of China (31093430)the Key Laboratory of Invertebrate Systematics and Application of Hebei,China (2014001)+1 种基金Science and Technology Programs for University by Hebei Educational Committee (QN20131042)the High-level University Construction Projects Funded Projects of Shaanxi Province (2012SXTS03)
文摘The taxonomy of Ainu Lewis, 1894 from China is discussed. The new species, Ainu sichuanus sp. nov., is described, including a key to the species of Ainu from China. A distribution map of Chinese species of Ainu is provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31402003)the Science and Technology Programs for University by the Hebei Educational Committee (QN20131042)the Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei, China (14967611D)
文摘The paper deals with Thai species of the genus Uloma Dejean. Three newly recorded species, Uloma longolineata Liu Ren, 2007, Uloma zhengi Liu Ren, 2007 and Uloma javana Gebien, 1912, all from Thailand are recorded in this paper. A key and photos of the known species of Uloma from Thailand are presented. A redescription of the male and the first description of the female of Uloma rufilabris Fairmaire, 1882 are also provided.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40621001 and 30390080)the Canadian International Development Agency (through the University of Toronto).
文摘Patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and density in various soil types or locations are the foundation for examining the role of soil in the global carbon cycle. An assessment of SOC storage and density patterns in China based on soil types as defined by Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) and the recently compiled digital 1:1000000 Soil Database of China was conducted to generate a rigorous database for the future study of SOC storage. First, SOC densities of 7 292 soil profiles were calculated and linked by soil type to polygons of a digital soil map using geographic information system resulting in a 1:1 000 000 SOC density distribution map of China. Further results showed that soils in China covered 9 281×103 km2 with a total SOC storage of 89.14 Gt and a mean SOC density 96.0 t ha-1. Among the 14 CST orders, Cambosols and Argosols constituted high percentage of China's total SOC storage, while Andosols, Vertosols, and Spodsols had a low percentage. As for SOC density, Histosols were the highest, while Primosols were the lowest. Specific patterns of SOC storage of various soil types at the CST suborder, group, and subgroup levels were also described. Results obtained from the study of SOC storage and density of all CST soil types would be not only useful for international comparative research, but also for more accurately estimating and monitoring of changes of SOC storage in China.
