The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central ...The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. Results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.展开更多
To date,sperm morphometric studies have assessed whole sperm populations without considering sperm function.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relati on ship of sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity with sperm...To date,sperm morphometric studies have assessed whole sperm populations without considering sperm function.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relati on ship of sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity with sperm morphometry in liquid semen samples collected from bulls.To this end,sperm morphometry was performed on cryopreserved semen samples from 16 bulls by a combination of fluorescent dyes,including Hoechst 33343,carboxyfluorescein diacetate,and propidium iodide.This allowed discrimination of different subpopulations on the basis of sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity and analysis of the morphometries of the sperm head,nucleus,and acrosome using a specific plug-in module created on ImageJ.Acrosomal integrity was related to sperm morphometry as the heads of spermatozoa with a damaged acrosome were significantly smaller than those with a normal acrosome(P<0.001).In the case of spermatozoa with an intact acrosome,those with a damaged plasma membrane had a larger sperm head and acrosome than spermatozoa with an intact plasma membrane(P<0.001).No significant differences in the sperm head size were observed between sperm subpopulations without an acrosome or in the nuclear sperm morphometry of the different subpopulations.There was a positive correlation between the sperm motility values of the samples and the morphometric parameters for in tact spermatozoa.These correlations were particularly strong for the morphometric parameters of the sperm acrosome.We conclude that there are clear differences in the sperm morphometry depending on the status of the sperm membrane and acrosome and this should be considered when performing this kind of analysis.展开更多
该文通过4H-Si C Pi N二极管的模拟,给4H-Si C Pi N二极管加了一个5V电压,在室温T=300K的情况下分析了4H-Si C Pi N二极管的直流特性和温度特性,从而介绍了Synopsys Inc.开发的新一代的器件物理特性仿真工具Sentaurus Device的一些仿真...该文通过4H-Si C Pi N二极管的模拟,给4H-Si C Pi N二极管加了一个5V电压,在室温T=300K的情况下分析了4H-Si C Pi N二极管的直流特性和温度特性,从而介绍了Synopsys Inc.开发的新一代的器件物理特性仿真工具Sentaurus Device的一些仿真功能。展开更多
Turkish red pine is an important forest tree species because of its role in the ecosystem whose range includes many countries in the eastern Mediterranean basin.In addition,red pine is a preferred forest tree species ...Turkish red pine is an important forest tree species because of its role in the ecosystem whose range includes many countries in the eastern Mediterranean basin.In addition,red pine is a preferred forest tree species due to rapid growth,usage in afforestation in arid areas and the production of non-wood forest products such as resin.The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the productivity of red pine and ecosystem in the lower and middle belt of the Taurus Mountains,and to determine the interrelations between the productivity of red pine and ecosystem.Multivariate analyses(multiple regression analysis and artificial neural networks)were used to model the efficiency(biomass production)of red pine.From the multivariate analyses,a productivity model of the species was created with the slope,soil depth,and precipitation in the driest variables.A significant correlation was found between site index and site factors in the driest quarter.These variables had a statistically significant relationship with the site index in the multiple regression analysis.The forecast power of the model was 0.33.Of the methods used,the artificial neural network consisting of 2 L10 N(2 Layers 10 Neurons)had the highest margin of explanation(R^(2)=0.71)and the lowest margin of error.This model has the potential to open land aimed for afforestation studies with red pine in forestry areas.The results will shed light on afforestation studies to be carried out in the Western Mediterranean region and in similar ecosystems.展开更多
We report our new results on Herbig-Haro (HH) objects in the star forming region of Taurus from a wide-field survey with the 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory. This survey using CCD im...We report our new results on Herbig-Haro (HH) objects in the star forming region of Taurus from a wide-field survey with the 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory. This survey using CCD imaging with a narrow band [SII] filter and an intermediate band [BATC10] filter covered approximately 30 square degrees in Taurus. Besides confirming the known HH Objects in the region, we discovered seven new HH candidates, and groups. Six of these are HH 701A-B, HH 702A-D, HH 703, HH 704A-D, HH 705, HH 706 and the seventh is a group, a new component of HH 319, labeled HH 319B-D. Based on the large-scale distribution of pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars in Taurus, we analyze statistically the most probable distance from the HH objects to each PMS star, from which we estimate the typical timescale of these HH objects to be between (1.3?2.0)×10<SUP>4</SUP> yrs; and we also obtain the birth rates of HH objects: 0.447±0.198 for Class I PMS stars, 0.360±0.222 for Class II PMS stars, and ?0.148±0.234 for Class III PMS stars.展开更多
Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such a...Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such as cold tolerance and insect resistance. In this study, the first complete mitochondrial genome of Qaidam cattle was reported. The circular double-stranded genome is 16 340 bp in size, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition is 33.4% A, 27.2% T, 26.0% C and 13.4% G, with a total A +T content of60.6%. The gene order and composition are similar to those of other B. taurus breeds. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that Qaidam cattle was split as an independent clade and nested within Asian cattle breeds.展开更多
文摘The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. Results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.
基金This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Finance(MINECO)(grant AGL2017-85030-R)the European Territorial Cooperation Operational Program-Spain,France,and Andorra Area 2014-20(Program DietaPYR2 EFA144/16)and the DGA-FSE(grant A07_17R).We would like to acknowledge the use of the Research Support Service-SAI,University of Zaragoza.
文摘To date,sperm morphometric studies have assessed whole sperm populations without considering sperm function.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relati on ship of sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity with sperm morphometry in liquid semen samples collected from bulls.To this end,sperm morphometry was performed on cryopreserved semen samples from 16 bulls by a combination of fluorescent dyes,including Hoechst 33343,carboxyfluorescein diacetate,and propidium iodide.This allowed discrimination of different subpopulations on the basis of sperm membrane and acrosomal integrity and analysis of the morphometries of the sperm head,nucleus,and acrosome using a specific plug-in module created on ImageJ.Acrosomal integrity was related to sperm morphometry as the heads of spermatozoa with a damaged acrosome were significantly smaller than those with a normal acrosome(P<0.001).In the case of spermatozoa with an intact acrosome,those with a damaged plasma membrane had a larger sperm head and acrosome than spermatozoa with an intact plasma membrane(P<0.001).No significant differences in the sperm head size were observed between sperm subpopulations without an acrosome or in the nuclear sperm morphometry of the different subpopulations.There was a positive correlation between the sperm motility values of the samples and the morphometric parameters for in tact spermatozoa.These correlations were particularly strong for the morphometric parameters of the sperm acrosome.We conclude that there are clear differences in the sperm morphometry depending on the status of the sperm membrane and acrosome and this should be considered when performing this kind of analysis.
文摘该文通过4H-Si C Pi N二极管的模拟,给4H-Si C Pi N二极管加了一个5V电压,在室温T=300K的情况下分析了4H-Si C Pi N二极管的直流特性和温度特性,从而介绍了Synopsys Inc.开发的新一代的器件物理特性仿真工具Sentaurus Device的一些仿真功能。
基金supported by Forestry Department of Yenisarbademli Vocational School(Isparta University of Applied Sciences)。
文摘Turkish red pine is an important forest tree species because of its role in the ecosystem whose range includes many countries in the eastern Mediterranean basin.In addition,red pine is a preferred forest tree species due to rapid growth,usage in afforestation in arid areas and the production of non-wood forest products such as resin.The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the productivity of red pine and ecosystem in the lower and middle belt of the Taurus Mountains,and to determine the interrelations between the productivity of red pine and ecosystem.Multivariate analyses(multiple regression analysis and artificial neural networks)were used to model the efficiency(biomass production)of red pine.From the multivariate analyses,a productivity model of the species was created with the slope,soil depth,and precipitation in the driest variables.A significant correlation was found between site index and site factors in the driest quarter.These variables had a statistically significant relationship with the site index in the multiple regression analysis.The forecast power of the model was 0.33.Of the methods used,the artificial neural network consisting of 2 L10 N(2 Layers 10 Neurons)had the highest margin of explanation(R^(2)=0.71)and the lowest margin of error.This model has the potential to open land aimed for afforestation studies with red pine in forestry areas.The results will shed light on afforestation studies to be carried out in the Western Mediterranean region and in similar ecosystems.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘We report our new results on Herbig-Haro (HH) objects in the star forming region of Taurus from a wide-field survey with the 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory. This survey using CCD imaging with a narrow band [SII] filter and an intermediate band [BATC10] filter covered approximately 30 square degrees in Taurus. Besides confirming the known HH Objects in the region, we discovered seven new HH candidates, and groups. Six of these are HH 701A-B, HH 702A-D, HH 703, HH 704A-D, HH 705, HH 706 and the seventh is a group, a new component of HH 319, labeled HH 319B-D. Based on the large-scale distribution of pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars in Taurus, we analyze statistically the most probable distance from the HH objects to each PMS star, from which we estimate the typical timescale of these HH objects to be between (1.3?2.0)×10<SUP>4</SUP> yrs; and we also obtain the birth rates of HH objects: 0.447±0.198 for Class I PMS stars, 0.360±0.222 for Class II PMS stars, and ?0.148±0.234 for Class III PMS stars.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System(CARS-37)Science and Technology Support Projects in Gansu Province(1504NKCA052)+1 种基金Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-LIHPS-01)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610322016006)
文摘Qaidam cattle(Bos taurus) is an important endemic breed in Northwest China, which is mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has strong adaptive ability to plateau and swamp conditions, such as cold tolerance and insect resistance. In this study, the first complete mitochondrial genome of Qaidam cattle was reported. The circular double-stranded genome is 16 340 bp in size, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition is 33.4% A, 27.2% T, 26.0% C and 13.4% G, with a total A +T content of60.6%. The gene order and composition are similar to those of other B. taurus breeds. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that Qaidam cattle was split as an independent clade and nested within Asian cattle breeds.
