There exists abundant thermal water recourses in Guanzhong basin, Shaanxi province (northwestern China). With the deepening of exploitation for thermal aquifer nowadays, the information about the origin and movement o...There exists abundant thermal water recourses in Guanzhong basin, Shaanxi province (northwestern China). With the deepening of exploitation for thermal aquifer nowadays, the information about the origin and movement of thermal water is limited by using traditional methods. This paper applies environmental isotope techniques to offer direct constraints on the recharge and movement of thermal water and improve the geological and hydrogeological data- base in Guanzhong Basin. The research on the environmental isotopes shows that the geothermal water of the area is mainly recharged by meteoric water. The temperature of meteoric water which replenishes geothermal water in the study area is -16 ℃. The estimated age of recharging the geothermal water is 13.3-28.2 ka based on the isotope analysis, belonging to the last glacial period in Late Quaternary. The source of replenishment of the geothermal water is thought to have been derived from glacial snow-melt water with an elevation higher than 1 500 m (ASL) in the north side of Qinling Mountain. The isotopic analysis denotes that the geothermal water in the southern Guanzhong basin is the mixture of net thermal water and normal temperature groundwater. Based on calculating the percentage of the mixture, nearly half of cold groundwater had participated the circulating of the geothermal water. However, in the center part of the basin, some artificial factors such as mismanage of pumping are probably the reason for the mixturing. The temperature range of the geothermal reservoirs in the basin is estimated at about 80-121 ℃ based on calculation of both SiO2 geothermometer and thermal water saturation index, which are basically in accordance with the measured temperature of thermal water. Based on the replenishment time and mixture extent with cold water, the thermal water in the studied area can be classified into three parts: mixed thermal water replenished by modern meteoric water; mixed thermal water replenished by both modern and ancient meteoric water, and deep circulating thermal water replenished by ancient meteoric water without mixture.展开更多
目的探讨实施硬膜外麻醉追加阴部神经阻滞麻醉对实施会阴侧切产妇的麻醉效果。方法选取行会阴侧切的分娩产妇100例,使用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组产妇实施常规硬膜外镇痛分娩加会阴侧切。观察组产妇在硬膜外镇痛于...目的探讨实施硬膜外麻醉追加阴部神经阻滞麻醉对实施会阴侧切产妇的麻醉效果。方法选取行会阴侧切的分娩产妇100例,使用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组产妇实施常规硬膜外镇痛分娩加会阴侧切。观察组产妇在硬膜外镇痛于会阴侧切前3 min,追加2%利多卡因10 m L+灭菌注射用水10 m L用于阴部神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组患者的会阴侧切及缝合时疼痛情况和产后会阴部水肿情况。结果观察组比对照组的镇痛效果更好,会阴侧切及缝合时长海痛尺表评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05),产后局部组织水肿分级情况也优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论行硬膜外镇痛分娩追加阴部神经阻滞麻醉有效地减轻了产妇分娩时会阴侧切的疼痛,减少了切口水肿,促进了伤口愈合,具有较好的临床应用价值。展开更多
基金Project 2005003 supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province
文摘There exists abundant thermal water recourses in Guanzhong basin, Shaanxi province (northwestern China). With the deepening of exploitation for thermal aquifer nowadays, the information about the origin and movement of thermal water is limited by using traditional methods. This paper applies environmental isotope techniques to offer direct constraints on the recharge and movement of thermal water and improve the geological and hydrogeological data- base in Guanzhong Basin. The research on the environmental isotopes shows that the geothermal water of the area is mainly recharged by meteoric water. The temperature of meteoric water which replenishes geothermal water in the study area is -16 ℃. The estimated age of recharging the geothermal water is 13.3-28.2 ka based on the isotope analysis, belonging to the last glacial period in Late Quaternary. The source of replenishment of the geothermal water is thought to have been derived from glacial snow-melt water with an elevation higher than 1 500 m (ASL) in the north side of Qinling Mountain. The isotopic analysis denotes that the geothermal water in the southern Guanzhong basin is the mixture of net thermal water and normal temperature groundwater. Based on calculating the percentage of the mixture, nearly half of cold groundwater had participated the circulating of the geothermal water. However, in the center part of the basin, some artificial factors such as mismanage of pumping are probably the reason for the mixturing. The temperature range of the geothermal reservoirs in the basin is estimated at about 80-121 ℃ based on calculation of both SiO2 geothermometer and thermal water saturation index, which are basically in accordance with the measured temperature of thermal water. Based on the replenishment time and mixture extent with cold water, the thermal water in the studied area can be classified into three parts: mixed thermal water replenished by modern meteoric water; mixed thermal water replenished by both modern and ancient meteoric water, and deep circulating thermal water replenished by ancient meteoric water without mixture.
文摘目的探讨实施硬膜外麻醉追加阴部神经阻滞麻醉对实施会阴侧切产妇的麻醉效果。方法选取行会阴侧切的分娩产妇100例,使用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组产妇实施常规硬膜外镇痛分娩加会阴侧切。观察组产妇在硬膜外镇痛于会阴侧切前3 min,追加2%利多卡因10 m L+灭菌注射用水10 m L用于阴部神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组患者的会阴侧切及缝合时疼痛情况和产后会阴部水肿情况。结果观察组比对照组的镇痛效果更好,会阴侧切及缝合时长海痛尺表评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05),产后局部组织水肿分级情况也优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论行硬膜外镇痛分娩追加阴部神经阻滞麻醉有效地减轻了产妇分娩时会阴侧切的疼痛,减少了切口水肿,促进了伤口愈合,具有较好的临床应用价值。
