With the advent of the information age,profound changes have taken place in education.As an important part of higher education,college English teaching is also continually exploring innovative teaching methods to impr...With the advent of the information age,profound changes have taken place in education.As an important part of higher education,college English teaching is also continually exploring innovative teaching methods to improve teaching quality.Task-based language teaching,with its unique teaching philosophy and practice,emphasizes the use of language for meaningful communication during task completion,which is in line with the goal of cultivating students’comprehensive English language skills.This paper first examines the basic characteristics of task-based language teaching and its application value in college English teaching,and then discusses the specific application strategies of task-based language teaching in college English teaching practice in the information age,to provide a useful reference for the reform and innovation of college English Teaching in the new era.展开更多
Design patterns offer reusable solutions for common software issues,enhancing quality.The advent of generative large language models(LLMs)marks progress in software development,but their efficacy in applying design pa...Design patterns offer reusable solutions for common software issues,enhancing quality.The advent of generative large language models(LLMs)marks progress in software development,but their efficacy in applying design patterns is not fully assessed.The recent introduction of generative large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT and CoPilot has demonstrated significant promise in software development.They assist with a variety of tasks including code generation,modeling,bug fixing,and testing,leading to enhanced efficiency and productivity.Although initial uses of these LLMs have had a positive effect on software development,their potential influence on the application of design patterns remains unexplored.This study introduces a method to quantify LLMs’ability to implement design patterns,using Role-Based Metamodeling Language(RBML)for a rigorous specification of the pattern’s problem,solution,and transformation rules.The method evaluates the pattern applicability of a software application using the pattern’s problem specification.If deemed applicable,the application is input to the LLM for pattern application.The resulting application is assessed for conformance to the pattern’s solution specification and for completeness against the pattern’s transformation rules.Evaluating the method with ChatGPT 4 across three applications reveals ChatGPT’s high proficiency,achieving averages of 98%in conformance and 87%in completeness,thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.Using RBML,this study confirms that LLMs,specifically ChatGPT 4,have great potential in effective and efficient application of design patterns with high conformance and completeness.This opens avenues for further integrating LLMs into complex software engineering processes.展开更多
Assessment is a crucial aspect of the teaching process for teachers.Teachers’assessment literacy is closely related to students’learning outcomes.The language assessment literacy of foreign language teachers is a si...Assessment is a crucial aspect of the teaching process for teachers.Teachers’assessment literacy is closely related to students’learning outcomes.The language assessment literacy of foreign language teachers is a significant component of both teachers’professional development and students’learning,and it has become a research hotspot in the field of domestic language testing.Based on clarifying the theoretical framework of language assessment literacy,this paper proposes the main cultivation paths for pre-service English teachers’language assessment literacy,aiming to provide inspiration and references for the cultivation,reform,and development of teachers in basic foreign language education.展开更多
The integration of Communicative Language Testing(CLT)principles with AI-driven automated assessment poses a significant challenge in professional language testing.Addressing this issue within the specific context of ...The integration of Communicative Language Testing(CLT)principles with AI-driven automated assessment poses a significant challenge in professional language testing.Addressing this issue within the specific context of Civil Aviation Ground Service English,this study explores pathways for their logical reconciliation.Through conceptual analysis and theoretical deduction,with a focus on human-AI interaction scenarios,we demonstrate that the synergy between CLT and AI stems from a shared focus on competency measurement.Key findings reveal that:(1)standardized competency dimensions in CLT can be operationalized into data-processable formats for AI;(2)within professional contexts,AI algorithms can be tailored using authentic service corpora to meet CLT’s demand for situational authenticity;and(3)a division of labor based on competency level-where AI handles standardized scoring of lower-order competencies and human-AI collaboration assesses higher-order competencies-effectively resolves the tension between CLT’s dynamic communication and AI’s static algorithms.Ultimately,the study constructs a three-dimensional integration framework encompassing“professional register,”“competency level,”and“human-AI division of labor,”offering a theoretical model for CLT-AI integration and a practical blueprint for innovating Civil Aviation Ground Service English assessment.展开更多
Model evaluation using benchmark datasets is an important method to measure the capability of large language models(LLMs)in specific domains,and it is mainly used to assess the knowledge and reasoning abilities of LLM...Model evaluation using benchmark datasets is an important method to measure the capability of large language models(LLMs)in specific domains,and it is mainly used to assess the knowledge and reasoning abilities of LLMs.Therefore,in order to better assess the capability of LLMs in the agricultural domain,Agri-Eval was proposed as a benchmark for assessing the knowledge and reasoning ability of LLMs in agriculture.The assessment dataset used in Agri-Eval covered seven major disciplines in the agricultural domain:crop science,horticulture,plant protection,animal husbandry,forest science,aquaculture science,and grass science,and contained a total of 2283 questions.Among domestic general-purpose LLMs,DeepSeek R1 performed best with an accuracy rate of 75.49%.In the realm of international general-purpose LLMs,Gemini 2.0 pro exp 0205 standed out as the top performer,achieving an accuracy rate of 74.28%.As an LLMs in agriculture vertical,Shennong V2.0 outperformed all the LLMs in China,and the answer accuracy rate of agricultural knowledge exceeded that of all the existing general-purpose LLMs.The launch of Agri-Eval helped the LLM developers to comprehensively evaluate the model's capability in the field of agriculture through a variety of tasks and tests to promote the development of the LLMs in the field of agriculture.展开更多
Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphas...Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphasis from English educators since it is one of the basic rounds of English teaching. This paper made a trial on the utilization of TBLTA in the English phonetic teaching context and designed a TBLTA model for English phonetic teaching based on discussions about model and merits of TBLTA.展开更多
During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign ...During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign and in second language teaching.The main goal of this article is to introduce and discuss some major principles of task-based language teaching and indicates how teachers can apply them in their curriculum.展开更多
Formative assessment is crucial to differentiated language teaching.To ensure the quality of differentiated teaching,some assessment instruments should be adopted during formative assessment,such as differentiated lea...Formative assessment is crucial to differentiated language teaching.To ensure the quality of differentiated teaching,some assessment instruments should be adopted during formative assessment,such as differentiated learning portfolios and group activity journal.The effective application of these instruments can also improve the students' autonomous language learning ability.展开更多
This paper presents the importance of task-based language teaching(TBLT), briefly introduces some different understanding of the definition of TBLT, and the rationale for it, analyses it's suitability and difficul...This paper presents the importance of task-based language teaching(TBLT), briefly introduces some different understanding of the definition of TBLT, and the rationale for it, analyses it's suitability and difficulties of implementing it in the classroom.展开更多
Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This pap...Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This paper is mainly studies the relevant research on task-based teaching syllabus and offers some tips on task-based syllabus design.展开更多
本文评介语言学家Guy Cook的Translation in Language Teaching:An argument for reassessment。该书于2010年在牛津大学出版社出版后引起了外语教学界的重视。本书梳理了各派外语教学法中翻译的使用情况和理论地位,以史实为基础探讨了...本文评介语言学家Guy Cook的Translation in Language Teaching:An argument for reassessment。该书于2010年在牛津大学出版社出版后引起了外语教学界的重视。本书梳理了各派外语教学法中翻译的使用情况和理论地位,以史实为基础探讨了翻译在当代外语教学法中饱受诟病的原因,并指出翻译应作为外语教学和测试的手段。评介说明外语教学应使用翻译手段,但其具体使用方式还有待探讨。展开更多
This article attempts to integrate language learning strategies into the theory and practice of formative assessment. It is argued that learners’ current language problems might have been a result of their strategic ...This article attempts to integrate language learning strategies into the theory and practice of formative assessment. It is argued that learners’ current language problems might have been a result of their strategic learning problems. As such, diagnosing the potential problems in language learning strategies and providing support in strategic learning(the ‘how’ of learning) will not only help locate the possible causes of language deficiencies but also help learners close the linguistic gap(the ‘what’ of learning). The article also illustrates how language learning strategies can be assessed formatively. Next, two implementation issues, the teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge and student engagement after assessment feedback, are highlighted for discussion.展开更多
Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT) proved to be an influential teaching approach in second language acquisition recent years. Yet, TBLT came into being with certain culture background, it can't be applied randomly...Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT) proved to be an influential teaching approach in second language acquisition recent years. Yet, TBLT came into being with certain culture background, it can't be applied randomly and mechanically. This paper precisely introduces the task-based language learning and reviews the literature on the basic pedagogical theories of TBLT,then briefly introduces the framework of Willis for TBLT, and takes a small size group of middle school students as an example.It mainly aims to discuss the application of Task-based language learning in the classroom and through analyzing the disadvantages of task-based language teaching to find out a successful approach to implement TBLT.展开更多
This paper discusses using game as an alternative assessment approach to test students' language ability in a foreign language class.In all children's eyes,games are fun and"non-serious"activities wh...This paper discusses using game as an alternative assessment approach to test students' language ability in a foreign language class.In all children's eyes,games are fun and"non-serious"activities where they can safely expose themselves.Language teachers can design reasonable games to assess children's abilities in the four components of language competence and get a reliable result.The strengths and weaknesses of game as an assessment way are also mentioned at the end of the paper.展开更多
Task-based language teaching(TBLT)methods to some extent counteract the dilemma of emphasis on authentic con text and the focus on non-native L2 learning circumstance.The notion of English as a Lingua Franca(ELF)is mu...Task-based language teaching(TBLT)methods to some extent counteract the dilemma of emphasis on authentic con text and the focus on non-native L2 learning circumstance.The notion of English as a Lingua Franca(ELF)is much a product in formed the concept that language acquisition is a process of learning language and using language.This paper explores the con cept of English as a lingua franca(ELF)and the nature of task-based language teaching.ELF and TBLT share a common ground that the interlocutors aim to convey information and sheer themselves of the baggage of English hegemony.Thus the implications of ELF for TBLT are discussed.展开更多
If one considers the number of language learners that are worldwide,the number of classroom-based language assessments(CBLAs)that are given each year,and the number of decisions that are made on the basis of these,it ...If one considers the number of language learners that are worldwide,the number of classroom-based language assessments(CBLAs)that are given each year,and the number of decisions that are made on the basis of these,it is obvious that in terms of sheer numbers,more students are affected by CBLAs per year than by those based on large-scale language assessments.Because of this,it is essential that classroom teachers have the knowledge,skills,and tools to enable them to develop and use CBLAs that they can justify to stakeholders,e.g.,students,parents,and school authorities.In this paper we describe the approach to CBLAs that we have developed.First,we discuss the role of assessment in teaching and learning,the kinds of decisions that classroom teachers need to make,and the different modes of CBLAs.We then describe the process of using CBLAs to help teachers make decisions that will have beneficial consequences.Next,we discuss fairness and accountability in assessment and the process of assessment justification,including an assessment use argument.Finally,we discuss the process of developing CBLAs,using an example of a classroom-based language assessment to illustrate this.展开更多
The aim of this dissertation was to investigate the attitudes and opinions from experienced language learners towards task-based language teaching(TBLT), a popular and widely adopted teaching approach, in the context ...The aim of this dissertation was to investigate the attitudes and opinions from experienced language learners towards task-based language teaching(TBLT), a popular and widely adopted teaching approach, in the context of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies(GDUFS) in China and provide suggestion for making improvements in language teaching.展开更多
This paper introduces task-based language teaching briefly,and presents an understanding of this pedagogy and someproblems in the application process.After having a good knowledge of task-based language teaching,Engli...This paper introduces task-based language teaching briefly,and presents an understanding of this pedagogy and someproblems in the application process.After having a good knowledge of task-based language teaching,English teachers can apply itinto the class,which can not be blindly of course.And it is important to consider the objective condition.展开更多
Present English learning and teaching in colleges especially in Art Academy is far from satisfactory.English,as one of the most important international languages,plays a more and more important role in the internation...Present English learning and teaching in colleges especially in Art Academy is far from satisfactory.English,as one of the most important international languages,plays a more and more important role in the international communication.In this paper,the author tries to apply TBLT(Task-based Language Teaching) to oral English teaching.The experiment chose 102 freshmen of two classes in College of Broadcasting and Hosting in CUCN(Communication University of China,Nanjing) as subjects,lasting 16 weeks all together.In the experimental class,the participants are taught with the new method with the aid of TBLT,while in the controlled class,the traditional approach was utilized.By means of data analysis and daily observation of teaching experiment,with the help of the software SPSS and MATLAB,the comparison of both class and of the EC before and after the experiment has verified that the new method with the aid of TBLT has a more positive effect in improving students'oral proficiency,es pecially for students who had a poor performance in speaking before.展开更多
Over the past 30 years,empirical research into task-based language learning has been prompted by proposals for taskbased language teaching(TBLT).Early and more recent proposals for how task-based learning can stimulat...Over the past 30 years,empirical research into task-based language learning has been prompted by proposals for taskbased language teaching(TBLT).Early and more recent proposals for how task-based learning can stimulate acquisition processes are reviewed in this article.Limitations and problems of TBLT are also discussed.展开更多
文摘With the advent of the information age,profound changes have taken place in education.As an important part of higher education,college English teaching is also continually exploring innovative teaching methods to improve teaching quality.Task-based language teaching,with its unique teaching philosophy and practice,emphasizes the use of language for meaningful communication during task completion,which is in line with the goal of cultivating students’comprehensive English language skills.This paper first examines the basic characteristics of task-based language teaching and its application value in college English teaching,and then discusses the specific application strategies of task-based language teaching in college English teaching practice in the information age,to provide a useful reference for the reform and innovation of college English Teaching in the new era.
文摘Design patterns offer reusable solutions for common software issues,enhancing quality.The advent of generative large language models(LLMs)marks progress in software development,but their efficacy in applying design patterns is not fully assessed.The recent introduction of generative large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT and CoPilot has demonstrated significant promise in software development.They assist with a variety of tasks including code generation,modeling,bug fixing,and testing,leading to enhanced efficiency and productivity.Although initial uses of these LLMs have had a positive effect on software development,their potential influence on the application of design patterns remains unexplored.This study introduces a method to quantify LLMs’ability to implement design patterns,using Role-Based Metamodeling Language(RBML)for a rigorous specification of the pattern’s problem,solution,and transformation rules.The method evaluates the pattern applicability of a software application using the pattern’s problem specification.If deemed applicable,the application is input to the LLM for pattern application.The resulting application is assessed for conformance to the pattern’s solution specification and for completeness against the pattern’s transformation rules.Evaluating the method with ChatGPT 4 across three applications reveals ChatGPT’s high proficiency,achieving averages of 98%in conformance and 87%in completeness,thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.Using RBML,this study confirms that LLMs,specifically ChatGPT 4,have great potential in effective and efficient application of design patterns with high conformance and completeness.This opens avenues for further integrating LLMs into complex software engineering processes.
基金2021 Young Teacher Research Funding Project of Hubei Normal University(HS2021QN014)。
文摘Assessment is a crucial aspect of the teaching process for teachers.Teachers’assessment literacy is closely related to students’learning outcomes.The language assessment literacy of foreign language teachers is a significant component of both teachers’professional development and students’learning,and it has become a research hotspot in the field of domestic language testing.Based on clarifying the theoretical framework of language assessment literacy,this paper proposes the main cultivation paths for pre-service English teachers’language assessment literacy,aiming to provide inspiration and references for the cultivation,reform,and development of teachers in basic foreign language education.
基金supported by the Vocational Education Research Project from China Commercial Technicians Association:“Research on the Construction and Application of AI-Enabled English Testing System for Civil Aviation Ground Services”(20ZSJYB20250420)the Education Science Planning Projects(Higher Education Special Program)from Guangdong Provincial Department of Education:“Research on the Evaluation System of Digital Competence in Curriculum Ideology and Politics for Higher Vocational Teachers in Guangdong under the Background of Educational Digitalization”(2024GXJK877)“Digital Empowerment for High-Quality Development in Guangdong:An Innovative Study on Cultivating Interdisciplinary Foreign Language Talents”(2023GXJK691).
文摘The integration of Communicative Language Testing(CLT)principles with AI-driven automated assessment poses a significant challenge in professional language testing.Addressing this issue within the specific context of Civil Aviation Ground Service English,this study explores pathways for their logical reconciliation.Through conceptual analysis and theoretical deduction,with a focus on human-AI interaction scenarios,we demonstrate that the synergy between CLT and AI stems from a shared focus on competency measurement.Key findings reveal that:(1)standardized competency dimensions in CLT can be operationalized into data-processable formats for AI;(2)within professional contexts,AI algorithms can be tailored using authentic service corpora to meet CLT’s demand for situational authenticity;and(3)a division of labor based on competency level-where AI handles standardized scoring of lower-order competencies and human-AI collaboration assesses higher-order competencies-effectively resolves the tension between CLT’s dynamic communication and AI’s static algorithms.Ultimately,the study constructs a three-dimensional integration framework encompassing“professional register,”“competency level,”and“human-AI division of labor,”offering a theoretical model for CLT-AI integration and a practical blueprint for innovating Civil Aviation Ground Service English assessment.
文摘Model evaluation using benchmark datasets is an important method to measure the capability of large language models(LLMs)in specific domains,and it is mainly used to assess the knowledge and reasoning abilities of LLMs.Therefore,in order to better assess the capability of LLMs in the agricultural domain,Agri-Eval was proposed as a benchmark for assessing the knowledge and reasoning ability of LLMs in agriculture.The assessment dataset used in Agri-Eval covered seven major disciplines in the agricultural domain:crop science,horticulture,plant protection,animal husbandry,forest science,aquaculture science,and grass science,and contained a total of 2283 questions.Among domestic general-purpose LLMs,DeepSeek R1 performed best with an accuracy rate of 75.49%.In the realm of international general-purpose LLMs,Gemini 2.0 pro exp 0205 standed out as the top performer,achieving an accuracy rate of 74.28%.As an LLMs in agriculture vertical,Shennong V2.0 outperformed all the LLMs in China,and the answer accuracy rate of agricultural knowledge exceeded that of all the existing general-purpose LLMs.The launch of Agri-Eval helped the LLM developers to comprehensively evaluate the model's capability in the field of agriculture through a variety of tasks and tests to promote the development of the LLMs in the field of agriculture.
文摘Task-based language teaching approach(TBLTA), which lays stress on "learning by doing", gained increasing popularity in English teaching in recent years. The design of phonetic teaching calls for more emphasis from English educators since it is one of the basic rounds of English teaching. This paper made a trial on the utilization of TBLTA in the English phonetic teaching context and designed a TBLTA model for English phonetic teaching based on discussions about model and merits of TBLTA.
文摘During recent years,some notions about tasks have been considered as the major part of analysis in different teaching approaches and teachers are being more interested in the use of taskbased approach both in foreign and in second language teaching.The main goal of this article is to introduce and discuss some major principles of task-based language teaching and indicates how teachers can apply them in their curriculum.
文摘Formative assessment is crucial to differentiated language teaching.To ensure the quality of differentiated teaching,some assessment instruments should be adopted during formative assessment,such as differentiated learning portfolios and group activity journal.The effective application of these instruments can also improve the students' autonomous language learning ability.
文摘This paper presents the importance of task-based language teaching(TBLT), briefly introduces some different understanding of the definition of TBLT, and the rationale for it, analyses it's suitability and difficulties of implementing it in the classroom.
文摘Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This paper is mainly studies the relevant research on task-based teaching syllabus and offers some tips on task-based syllabus design.
文摘本文评介语言学家Guy Cook的Translation in Language Teaching:An argument for reassessment。该书于2010年在牛津大学出版社出版后引起了外语教学界的重视。本书梳理了各派外语教学法中翻译的使用情况和理论地位,以史实为基础探讨了翻译在当代外语教学法中饱受诟病的原因,并指出翻译应作为外语教学和测试的手段。评介说明外语教学应使用翻译手段,但其具体使用方式还有待探讨。
文摘This article attempts to integrate language learning strategies into the theory and practice of formative assessment. It is argued that learners’ current language problems might have been a result of their strategic learning problems. As such, diagnosing the potential problems in language learning strategies and providing support in strategic learning(the ‘how’ of learning) will not only help locate the possible causes of language deficiencies but also help learners close the linguistic gap(the ‘what’ of learning). The article also illustrates how language learning strategies can be assessed formatively. Next, two implementation issues, the teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge and student engagement after assessment feedback, are highlighted for discussion.
文摘Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT) proved to be an influential teaching approach in second language acquisition recent years. Yet, TBLT came into being with certain culture background, it can't be applied randomly and mechanically. This paper precisely introduces the task-based language learning and reviews the literature on the basic pedagogical theories of TBLT,then briefly introduces the framework of Willis for TBLT, and takes a small size group of middle school students as an example.It mainly aims to discuss the application of Task-based language learning in the classroom and through analyzing the disadvantages of task-based language teaching to find out a successful approach to implement TBLT.
文摘This paper discusses using game as an alternative assessment approach to test students' language ability in a foreign language class.In all children's eyes,games are fun and"non-serious"activities where they can safely expose themselves.Language teachers can design reasonable games to assess children's abilities in the four components of language competence and get a reliable result.The strengths and weaknesses of game as an assessment way are also mentioned at the end of the paper.
文摘Task-based language teaching(TBLT)methods to some extent counteract the dilemma of emphasis on authentic con text and the focus on non-native L2 learning circumstance.The notion of English as a Lingua Franca(ELF)is much a product in formed the concept that language acquisition is a process of learning language and using language.This paper explores the con cept of English as a lingua franca(ELF)and the nature of task-based language teaching.ELF and TBLT share a common ground that the interlocutors aim to convey information and sheer themselves of the baggage of English hegemony.Thus the implications of ELF for TBLT are discussed.
文摘If one considers the number of language learners that are worldwide,the number of classroom-based language assessments(CBLAs)that are given each year,and the number of decisions that are made on the basis of these,it is obvious that in terms of sheer numbers,more students are affected by CBLAs per year than by those based on large-scale language assessments.Because of this,it is essential that classroom teachers have the knowledge,skills,and tools to enable them to develop and use CBLAs that they can justify to stakeholders,e.g.,students,parents,and school authorities.In this paper we describe the approach to CBLAs that we have developed.First,we discuss the role of assessment in teaching and learning,the kinds of decisions that classroom teachers need to make,and the different modes of CBLAs.We then describe the process of using CBLAs to help teachers make decisions that will have beneficial consequences.Next,we discuss fairness and accountability in assessment and the process of assessment justification,including an assessment use argument.Finally,we discuss the process of developing CBLAs,using an example of a classroom-based language assessment to illustrate this.
文摘The aim of this dissertation was to investigate the attitudes and opinions from experienced language learners towards task-based language teaching(TBLT), a popular and widely adopted teaching approach, in the context of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies(GDUFS) in China and provide suggestion for making improvements in language teaching.
文摘This paper introduces task-based language teaching briefly,and presents an understanding of this pedagogy and someproblems in the application process.After having a good knowledge of task-based language teaching,English teachers can apply itinto the class,which can not be blindly of course.And it is important to consider the objective condition.
文摘Present English learning and teaching in colleges especially in Art Academy is far from satisfactory.English,as one of the most important international languages,plays a more and more important role in the international communication.In this paper,the author tries to apply TBLT(Task-based Language Teaching) to oral English teaching.The experiment chose 102 freshmen of two classes in College of Broadcasting and Hosting in CUCN(Communication University of China,Nanjing) as subjects,lasting 16 weeks all together.In the experimental class,the participants are taught with the new method with the aid of TBLT,while in the controlled class,the traditional approach was utilized.By means of data analysis and daily observation of teaching experiment,with the help of the software SPSS and MATLAB,the comparison of both class and of the EC before and after the experiment has verified that the new method with the aid of TBLT has a more positive effect in improving students'oral proficiency,es pecially for students who had a poor performance in speaking before.
文摘Over the past 30 years,empirical research into task-based language learning has been prompted by proposals for taskbased language teaching(TBLT).Early and more recent proposals for how task-based learning can stimulate acquisition processes are reviewed in this article.Limitations and problems of TBLT are also discussed.
