The implication of Task-Based Language Teaching （TBLT） in oral English teaching continues to draw attention of language teachers and researchers. This paper will survey issues at the core of TBLT, with particular em...The implication of Task-Based Language Teaching （TBLT） in oral English teaching continues to draw attention of language teachers and researchers. This paper will survey issues at the core of TBLT, with particular emphasis on the six task types in Jane Willis＇ theory. Following a brief introduction of TBLT, the six types of task will be reviewed and its practical use in oral English teaching will be explored. Finally, the paper will point out some problems in TBLT, mainly focus on task and its design.展开更多
Interaction between learners under group work setting is considered to be significantly influenced by task types. The present empirical study was designed to explore interaction characteristics under convergent tasks ...Interaction between learners under group work setting is considered to be significantly influenced by task types. The present empirical study was designed to explore interaction characteristics under convergent tasks and divergent tasks from three aspects: language production, meaning negotiation and attention to form while performing different types of tasks. The results reveal that there was significant statistical difference in the total language production between two types of tasks. In terms of the occurrence of meaning negotiation and the extent to which students paid attention to language form, there were no significant difference between the two task types.展开更多
Based on the noticing function of output proposed by Swain(1985, 1995, 2000, 2005), this paper reports on a quasi-experimental study that investigated the effect of two types of output tasks (i.e., the guided essay-wr...Based on the noticing function of output proposed by Swain(1985, 1995, 2000, 2005), this paper reports on a quasi-experimental study that investigated the effect of two types of output tasks (i.e., the guided essay-writing task and the text-reconstruction task) on the acquisition of English past hypothetic conditional. The participants were 48 second-year English majors from a university in South China. The experimental group (n=24) wrote an essay after reading the writing prompt and reconstructed a passage...展开更多
The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different oper...The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different operational capabilities and kinematic constraints, and carry limited resources （e.g., weapons） onboard. They are designated to perform multiple consecutive tasks cooperatively on multiple ground targets. The problem becomes much more complicated because of these terms of heterogeneity. In order to tackle the challenge, we modify the former genetic algorithm with multi-type genes to stochastically search a best solution. Genes of chromo- somes are different, and they are assorted into several types according to the tasks that must be performed on targets. Different types of genes are processed specifically in the improved genetic operators including initialization, crossover, and mutation. We also present a mirror representation of vehicles to deal with the limited resource constraint. Feasible chromosomes that vehicles could perform tasks using their limited resources under the assignment are created and evolved by genetic operators. The effect of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in numerical simulations. The results show that it effectively provides good feasible solutions and finds an optimal one.展开更多
The study aims to investigate whether repetition of the same task type affects quality of writing production in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency(CAF). Data is collected in the form of TOEFL integrated and ind...The study aims to investigate whether repetition of the same task type affects quality of writing production in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency(CAF). Data is collected in the form of TOEFL integrated and independent essays repetitively written at weekly intervals. Fluency, complexity and accuracy of each essay were gauged using various measures to reflect multidimensionality of these constructs. Data analysis reveals that there is improvement in both integrated and independent writing, especially in terms of linguistic accuracy, which could be attributed to repetition of these two tasks.展开更多
Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout li...Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout literature review,the essay is going to analyze what the task is critically and the factors teachers should consider when they design tasks.At the end of the study,it is concluded that even though the definition of task is various,the main criteria are that a task is mainly focusing on meaning;has a clear goal;involves the outcome;and is related to the real world.When design tasks,teachers need to balance the fluency,accuracy and complexity,making task difficulties be appropriate to students’levels,considering thematic content and the range of task types and the phases of tasks.展开更多
文摘The implication of Task-Based Language Teaching （TBLT） in oral English teaching continues to draw attention of language teachers and researchers. This paper will survey issues at the core of TBLT, with particular emphasis on the six task types in Jane Willis＇ theory. Following a brief introduction of TBLT, the six types of task will be reviewed and its practical use in oral English teaching will be explored. Finally, the paper will point out some problems in TBLT, mainly focus on task and its design.
文摘Interaction between learners under group work setting is considered to be significantly influenced by task types. The present empirical study was designed to explore interaction characteristics under convergent tasks and divergent tasks from three aspects: language production, meaning negotiation and attention to form while performing different types of tasks. The results reveal that there was significant statistical difference in the total language production between two types of tasks. In terms of the occurrence of meaning negotiation and the extent to which students paid attention to language form, there were no significant difference between the two task types.
文摘Based on the noticing function of output proposed by Swain(1985, 1995, 2000, 2005), this paper reports on a quasi-experimental study that investigated the effect of two types of output tasks (i.e., the guided essay-writing task and the text-reconstruction task) on the acquisition of English past hypothetic conditional. The participants were 48 second-year English majors from a university in South China. The experimental group (n=24) wrote an essay after reading the writing prompt and reconstructed a passage...
文摘The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different operational capabilities and kinematic constraints, and carry limited resources （e.g., weapons） onboard. They are designated to perform multiple consecutive tasks cooperatively on multiple ground targets. The problem becomes much more complicated because of these terms of heterogeneity. In order to tackle the challenge, we modify the former genetic algorithm with multi-type genes to stochastically search a best solution. Genes of chromo- somes are different, and they are assorted into several types according to the tasks that must be performed on targets. Different types of genes are processed specifically in the improved genetic operators including initialization, crossover, and mutation. We also present a mirror representation of vehicles to deal with the limited resource constraint. Feasible chromosomes that vehicles could perform tasks using their limited resources under the assignment are created and evolved by genetic operators. The effect of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in numerical simulations. The results show that it effectively provides good feasible solutions and finds an optimal one.
文摘The study aims to investigate whether repetition of the same task type affects quality of writing production in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency(CAF). Data is collected in the form of TOEFL integrated and independent essays repetitively written at weekly intervals. Fluency, complexity and accuracy of each essay were gauged using various measures to reflect multidimensionality of these constructs. Data analysis reveals that there is improvement in both integrated and independent writing, especially in terms of linguistic accuracy, which could be attributed to repetition of these two tasks.
文摘Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout literature review,the essay is going to analyze what the task is critically and the factors teachers should consider when they design tasks.At the end of the study,it is concluded that even though the definition of task is various,the main criteria are that a task is mainly focusing on meaning;has a clear goal;involves the outcome;and is related to the real world.When design tasks,teachers need to balance the fluency,accuracy and complexity,making task difficulties be appropriate to students’levels,considering thematic content and the range of task types and the phases of tasks.
